form10qq12012.htm


 
 
UNITED STATES SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
Form 10-Q


x
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
For the Quarterly Period Ended March 31, 2012
 
OR

¨
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
 
for the transition period from _______________ to _______________
 
Commission File Number: 000-51719
 
LINN Logo
 
LINN ENERGY, LLC
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)


   
Delaware
65-1177591
(State or other jurisdiction of incorporation or organization)
(IRS Employer
Identification No.)
600 Travis, Suite 5100
Houston, Texas
 
77002
(Address of principal executive offices)
(Zip Code)
 
(281) 840-4000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
 


Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate website, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§232.405) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).
    Yes  x    No  ¨
 
 
 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company.  See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer,” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer  x      Accelerated filer   ¨     Non-accelerated filer  ¨    Smaller reporting company  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x

As of March 31, 2012, there were 199,330,596 units outstanding.


 
 

 
TABLE OF CONTENTS

     
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i

As commonly used in the oil and natural gas industry and as used in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, the following terms have the following meanings:
 
Bbl.  One stock tank barrel or 42 United States gallons liquid volume.
 
Bcf.  One billion cubic feet.
 
Bcfe.  One billion cubic feet equivalent, determined using a ratio of six Mcf of natural gas to one Bbl of oil, condensate or natural gas liquids.
 
Btu.  One British thermal unit, which is the heat required to raise the temperature of a one-pound mass of water from 58.5 degrees to 59.5 degrees Fahrenheit.
 
MBbls.  One thousand barrels of oil or other liquid hydrocarbons.
 
MBbls/d. MBbls per day.
 
Mcf.  One thousand cubic feet.
 
Mcfe.  One thousand cubic feet equivalent, determined using the ratio of six Mcf of natural gas to one Bbl of oil, condensate or natural gas liquids.
 
MMBbls.  One million barrels of oil or other liquid hydrocarbons.
 
MMBoe.  One million barrels of oil equivalent, determined using a ratio of one Bbl of oil, condensate or natural gas liquids to six Mcf.
 
MMBtu.  One million British thermal units.
 
MMcf.  One million cubic feet.
 
MMcf/d. MMcf per day.
 
MMcfe.  One million cubic feet equivalent, determined using a ratio of six Mcf of natural gas to one Bbl of oil, condensate or natural gas liquids.
 
MMcfe/d. MMcfe per day.
 
MMMBtu.  One billion British thermal units.
 
ii

LINN ENERGY, LLC
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
   
March 31,
2012
 
December 31,
2011
   
(Unaudited)
     
   
(in thousands,
except unit amounts)
ASSETS
     
Current assets:
           
Cash and cash equivalents
  $ 24,184     $ 1,114  
Accounts receivable – trade, net
    290,528       284,565  
Derivative instruments
    343,764       255,063  
Other current assets
    83,799       80,734  
Total current assets
    742,275       621,476  
                 
Noncurrent assets:
               
Oil and natural gas properties (successful efforts method)
    9,128,856       7,835,650  
Less accumulated depletion and amortization
    (1,145,113 )     (1,033,617 )
      7,983,743       6,802,033  
                 
Other property and equipment
    413,308       197,235  
Less accumulated depreciation
    (52,228 )     (48,024 )
      361,080       149,211  
                 
Derivative instruments
    357,836       321,840  
Other noncurrent assets
    132,158       105,577  
      489,994       427,417  
Total noncurrent assets
    8,834,817       7,378,661  
Total assets
  $ 9,577,092     $ 8,000,137  
                 
LIABILITIES AND UNITHOLDERS’ CAPITAL
               
Current liabilities:
               
Accounts payable and accrued expenses
  $ 403,756     $ 403,450  
Derivative instruments
    16,991       14,060  
Other accrued liabilities
    95,704       75,898  
Total current liabilities
    516,451       493,408  
                 
Noncurrent liabilities:
               
Credit facility
    75,000       940,000  
Senior notes, net
    4,854,542       3,053,657  
Derivative instruments
    4,214       3,503  
Other noncurrent liabilities
    99,467       80,659  
Total noncurrent liabilities
    5,033,223       4,077,819  
                 
Commitments and contingencies (Note 10)
               
                 
Unitholders’ capital:
               
199,330,596 units and 177,364,558 units issued and outstanding at March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, respectively
    3,356,064       2,751,354  
Accumulated income
    671,354       677,556  
      4,027,418       3,428,910  
Total liabilities and unitholders’ capital
  $ 9,577,092     $ 8,000,137  
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
1

LINN ENERGY, LLC
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(Unaudited)
 
   
Three Months Ended
March 31,
   
2012
 
2011
   
(in thousands, except per unit amounts)
Revenues and other:
           
Oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids sales
  $ 348,895     $ 240,707  
Gains (losses) on oil and natural gas derivatives
    2,031       (369,476 )
Marketing revenues
    1,290       1,173  
Other revenues
    1,874       1,123  
      354,090       (126,473 )
Expenses:
               
Lease operating expenses
    71,636       45,901  
Transportation expenses
    10,562       5,855  
Marketing expenses
    692       809  
General and administrative expenses
    43,321       30,560  
Exploration costs
    410       445  
Bad debt expenses
    16       (38 )
Depreciation, depletion and amortization
    117,276       66,366  
Taxes, other than income taxes
    25,195       15,727  
Losses on sale of assets and other, net
    1,478       614  
      270,586       166,239  
Other income and (expenses):
               
Loss on extinguishment of debt
          (84,562 )
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized
    (77,519 )     (63,464 )
Other, net
    (3,269 )     (1,746 )
      (80,788 )     (149,772 )
Income (loss) before income taxes
    2,716       (442,484 )
Income tax expense
    (8,918 )     (4,198 )
Net loss
  $ (6,202 )   $ (446,682 )
                 
Net loss per unit:
               
Basic
  $ (0.04 )   $ (2.75 )
Diluted
  $ (0.04 )   $ (2.75 )
Weighted average units outstanding:
               
Basic
    193,256       163,107  
Diluted
    193,256       163,107  
                 
Distributions declared per unit
  $ 0.69     $ 0.66  
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
2

LINN ENERGY, LLC
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF UNITHOLDERS’ CAPITAL
(Unaudited)
 
   
Units
   
Unitholders’
Capital
   
Accumulated
Income
   
Total
Unitholders’
Capital
   
(in thousands)
                         
December 31, 2011
    177,365     $ 2,751,354     $ 677,556     $ 3,428,910  
Sale of units, net of underwriting discounts and expenses of $29,819
    21,090       731,542             731,542  
Issuance of units
    876                    
Distributions to unitholders
            (137,590 )           (137,590 )
Unit-based compensation expenses
            8,171             8,171  
Excess tax benefit from unit-based compensation
            2,587             2,587  
Net loss
                  (6,202 )     (6,202 )
March 31, 2012
    199,331     $ 3,356,064     $ 671,354     $ 4,027,418  
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
3

LINN ENERGY, LLC
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
 
   
Three Months Ended
March 31,
   
2012
 
2011
   
(in thousands)
Cash flow from operating activities:
           
Net loss
  $ (6,202 )   $ (446,682 )
Adjustments to reconcile net loss to net cash provided by operating activities:
               
Depreciation, depletion and amortization
    117,276       66,366  
Unit-based compensation expenses
    8,171       5,638  
Loss on extinguishment of debt
          84,562  
Amortization and write-off of deferred financing fees and other
    7,433       5,732  
(Gains) losses on sale of assets and other, net
    (692 )     10  
Deferred income tax
    6,253       100  
Mark-to-market on derivatives:
               
Total (gains) losses
    (2,031 )     369,476  
Cash settlements
    58,517       65,450  
Premiums paid for derivatives
    (177,541 )      
Changes in assets and liabilities:
               
(Increase) decrease in accounts receivable – trade, net
    15,606       (36,230 )
Increase in other assets
    (4,336 )     (560 )
Increase (decrease) in accounts payable and accrued expenses
    (5,237 )     9,355  
Increase (decrease) in other liabilities
    18,296       (15,251 )
Net cash provided by operating activities
    35,513       107,966  
                 
Cash flow from investing activities:
               
Acquisition of oil and natural gas properties
    (1,230,304 )     (257,349 )
Development of oil and natural gas properties
    (220,571 )     (93,086 )
Purchases of other property and equipment
    (9,895 )     (6,375 )
Proceeds from sale of properties and equipment and other
    215       (1,258 )
Net cash used in investing activities
    (1,460,555 )     (358,068 )
                 
Cash flow from financing activities:
               
Proceeds from sale of units
    761,362       648,971  
Proceeds from borrowings
    2,634,802       160,000  
Repayments of debt
    (1,700,000 )     (408,397 )
Distributions to unitholders
    (137,590 )     (105,673 )
Financing fees, offering expenses and other, net
    (113,049 )     (89,394 )
Excess tax benefit from unit-based compensation
    2,587       3,918  
Net cash provided by financing activities
    1,448,112       209,425  
                 
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
    23,070       (40,677 )
Cash and cash equivalents:
               
Beginning
    1,114       236,001  
Ending
  $ 24,184     $ 195,324  
 
The accompanying notes are an integral part of these condensed consolidated financial statements.
 
4

LINN ENERGY, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)
 
Note 1 – Basis of Presentation
 
Nature of Business
 
Linn Energy, LLC (“LINN Energy” or the “Company”) is an independent oil and natural gas company.  LINN Energy’s mission is to acquire, develop and maximize cash flow from a growing portfolio of long-life oil and natural gas assets.  The Company’s properties are located in the United States (“U.S.”), primarily in the Mid-Continent, the Permian Basin, the Hugoton Basin, Michigan, Illinois, the Williston/Powder River Basin and California.  Effective January 1, 2012, the Company realigned its regions as follows: Mid-Continent, which includes properties in Oklahoma, Louisiana and the eastern portion of Texas Panhandle (including Granite Wash and Cleveland horizontal plays), the Permian Basin, the Hugoton Basin, Michigan/Illinois, the Williston/Powder River Basin and California.  The realignment had no effect on the Company’s operations.
 
Principles of Consolidation and Reporting
 
The condensed consolidated financial statements at March 31, 2012, and for the three months ended March 31, 2012, and March 31, 2011, are unaudited, but in the opinion of management include all adjustments (consisting of normal recurring adjustments) necessary for a fair presentation of the results for the interim periods.  Certain information and note disclosures normally included in annual financial statements prepared in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles (“GAAP”) have been condensed or omitted under Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”) rules and regulations, and as such this report should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and notes in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011.  The results reported in these unaudited condensed consolidated financial statements should not necessarily be taken as indicative of results that may be expected for the entire year.
 
The condensed consolidated financial statements include the accounts of the Company and its wholly owned subsidiaries.  All significant intercompany transactions and balances have been eliminated upon consolidation.  Investments in noncontrolled entities over which the Company exercises significant influence are accounted for under the equity method.
 
The condensed consolidated financial statements for previous periods include certain reclassifications that were made to conform to current presentation.  Such reclassifications have no impact on previously reported net income (loss) or unitholders’ capital.
 
Use of Estimates
 
The preparation of the accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management of the Company to make estimates and assumptions about future events.  These estimates and the underlying assumptions affect the amount of assets and liabilities reported, disclosures about contingent assets and liabilities, and reported amounts of revenues and expenses.  The estimates that are particularly significant to the financial statements include estimates of the Company’s reserves of oil, natural gas and natural gas liquids (“NGL”), future cash flows from oil and natural gas properties, depreciation, depletion and amortization, asset retirement obligations, certain revenues and operating expenses, fair values of commodity derivatives and fair values of assets acquired and liabilities assumed.  As fair value is a market-based measurement, it is determined based on the assumptions that market participants would use.  These estimates and assumptions are based on management’s best estimates and judgment.  Management evaluates its estimates and assumptions on an ongoing basis using historical experience and other factors, including the current economic environment, which management believes to be reasonable under the circumstances.  Such estimates and assumptions are adjusted when facts and circumstances dictate.  As future events and their effects cannot be determined with precision, actual results could differ from these estimates.  Any changes in estimates resulting from continuing changes in the economic environment will be reflected in the financial statements in future periods.
 
5

LINN ENERGY, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – Continued
(Unaudited)
 
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
 
In December 2011, the Financial Accounting Standards Board (“FASB”) issued an Accounting Standards Update (“ASU”) that requires an entity to disclose information about offsetting and related arrangements to enable users of its financial statements to understand the effect of those arrangements on its financial position.  The ASU requires disclosure of both gross information and net information about both instruments and transactions eligible for offset in the statement of financial position and instruments and transactions subject to an agreement similar to a master netting arrangement.  The ASU will be applied retrospectively and is effective for periods beginning on or after January 1, 2013.  The Company is currently evaluating the impact, if any, of the adoption of this ASU on its consolidated financial statements and related disclosures.
 
In May 2011, the FASB issued an ASU that further addresses fair value measurement accounting and related disclosure requirements.  The ASU clarifies the FASB’s intent regarding the application of existing fair value measurement and disclosure requirements, changes the fair value measurement requirements for certain financial instruments, and sets forth additional disclosure requirements for other fair value measurements.  The ASU is to be applied prospectively and is effective for periods beginning after December 15, 2011.  The Company adopted the ASU effective January 1, 2012.  The adoption of the requirements of the ASU, which expanded disclosures, had no effect on the Company’s results of operations or financial position.
 
Note 2 – Acquisitions and Divestitures
 
Acquisitions – 2012
 
On March 30, 2012, the Company completed the acquisition of certain oil and natural gas properties located in the Hugoton Basin in Kansas from BP America Production Company (“BP”).  The results of operations of these properties have been included in the condensed consolidated financial statements since the acquisition date.  The Company paid approximately $1.17 billion in total consideration for these properties.  The transaction was financed primarily with proceeds from the March 2012 debt offering, as described below.
 
During the first quarter of 2012, the Company completed other smaller acquisitions of oil and natural gas properties located in its various operating regions.  The results of operations of these properties have been included in the condensed consolidated financial statements since the acquisition dates.  The Company, in the aggregate, paid approximately $63 million in total consideration for these properties.
 
These acquisitions were accounted for under the acquisition method of accounting.  Accordingly, the Company conducted assessments of net assets acquired and recognized amounts for identifiable assets acquired and liabilities assumed at their estimated acquisition date fair values, while transaction and integration costs associated with the acquisitions were expensed as incurred.  The initial accounting for the business combinations is not complete and adjustments to provisional amounts, or recognition of additional assets acquired or liabilities assumed, may occur as more detailed analyses are completed and additional information is obtained about the facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition dates.
 
6

LINN ENERGY, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – Continued
(Unaudited)
 
The following presents the values assigned to the net assets acquired as of the acquisition dates (in thousands):
 
Assets:
     
Current
  $ 7,358  
Noncurrent
    207,735  
Oil and natural gas properties
    1,042,672  
Total assets acquired
  $ 1,257,765  
         
Liabilities:
       
Current liabilities
  $ 9,764  
Asset retirement obligations
    18,469  
Total liabilities assumed
  $ 28,233  
         
Net assets acquired
  $ 1,229,532  
 
Current assets include receivables and inventory and noncurrent assets include other property and equipment.  Current liabilities include payables, ad valorem taxes payable and environmental liabilities.
 
The fair value measurements of assets acquired and liabilities assumed are based on inputs that are not observable in the market and therefore represent Level 3 inputs.  The fair values of oil and natural gas properties and asset retirement obligations were measured using valuation techniques that convert future cash flows to a single discounted amount.  Significant inputs to the valuation of oil and natural gas properties include estimates of: (i) reserves; (ii) future operating and development costs; (iii) future commodity prices; (iv) estimated future cash flows; and (v) a market-based weighted average cost of capital rate.  These inputs require significant judgments and estimates by the Company’s management at the time of the valuation and are the most sensitive and subject to change.
 
The revenues and expenses related to certain properties acquired from BP, Plains Exploration & Production Company (“Plains”), Panther Energy Company, LLC and Red Willow Mid-Continent, LLC (collectively referred to as “Panther”), SandRidge Exploration and Production, LLC (“SandRidge”) and an affiliate of Concho Resources Inc. (“Concho”) are included in the condensed consolidated results of operations of the Company as of March 30, 2012, December 15, 2011, June 1, 2011, April 1, 2011, and March 31, 2011, respectively.  The following unaudited pro forma financial information presents a summary of the Company’s condensed consolidated results of operations for the three months ended March 31, 2012, and March 31, 2011, assuming the acquisition from BP had been completed as of January 1, 2011, and the acquisitions from Plains, Panther, SandRidge and Concho had been completed as of January 1, 2010, including adjustments to reflect the values assigned to the net assets acquired.  The pro forma financial information is not necessarily indicative of the results of operations if the acquisitions had been effective as of these dates.
 
7

LINN ENERGY, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – Continued
(Unaudited)
 
   
Three Months Ended
March 31,
   
2012
 
2011
   
(in thousands, except
per unit amounts)
             
Total revenues and other
  $ 410,972     $ (7,608 )
Total operating expenses
  $ 318,546     $ 246,692  
Net loss
  $ (16,667 )   $ (435,800 )
                 
Net loss per unit:
               
Basic
  $ (0.09 )   $ (2.57 )
Diluted
  $ (0.09 )   $ (2.57 )
 
Acquisition – Subsequent Event
 
On April 3, 2012, the Company entered into a joint-venture agreement with an affiliate of Anadarko Petroleum Corporation (“Anadarko”) whereby LINN Energy will participate as a partner in the CO2 enhanced oil recovery development of the Salt Creek field, located in the Powder River Basin of Wyoming.  Anadarko assigned LINN Energy 23% of its interest in the field in exchange for future funding of $400 million of Anadarko’s development costs.  The initial accounting for the business combination is not complete pending detailed analyses of the facts and circumstances that existed as of the acquisition date.
 
Acquisition – Pending
 
On March 7, 2012, the Company entered into a definitive purchase and sale agreement to acquire certain oil and natural gas properties located in east Texas for a contract price of $175 million.  The Company anticipates the acquisition will close May 1, 2012, subject to closing conditions, and will be financed with borrowings under its Credit Facility, as defined in Note 6.
 
Acquisition – 2011
 
On March 31, 2011, the Company completed the acquisition of certain oil and natural gas properties in the Williston Basin from Concho.  The results of operations of these properties have been included in the condensed consolidated financial statements since the acquisition date.  The Company paid $194 million in cash and recorded a receivable from Concho of $2 million, resulting in total consideration for the acquisition of approximately $192 million.  The transaction was financed primarily with proceeds from the Company’s March 2011 public offering of units, as described below.
 
Note 3 – Unitholders’ Capital
 
Equity Distribution Agreement
 
In August 2011, the Company entered into an equity distribution agreement, pursuant to which it may from time to time issue and sell units representing limited liability company interests having an aggregate offering price of up to $500 million.  Sales of units, if any, will be made through a sales agent by means of ordinary brokers’ transactions, in block transactions, or as otherwise agreed with the agent.  The Company expects to use the net proceeds from any sale of the units for general corporate purposes, which may include, among other things, capital expenditures, acquisitions and the repayment of debt.
 
8

LINN ENERGY, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – Continued
(Unaudited)
 
In January 2012, the Company, under its equity distribution agreement, issued and sold 1,539,651 units representing limited liability company interests at an average unit price of $38.02 for proceeds of approximately $57 million (net of approximately $1 million in commissions and professional service expenses).  The Company used the net proceeds for general corporate purposes including the repayment of a portion of the indebtedness outstanding under its Credit Facility.  At March 31, 2012, units equaling approximately $411 million in aggregate offering price remained available to be issued and sold under the agreement.
 
Public Offering of Units
 
In January 2012, the Company sold 19,550,000 units representing limited liability company interests at $35.95 per unit ($34.512 per unit, net of underwriting discount) for net proceeds of approximately $674 million (after underwriting discount and offering expenses of approximately $29 million).  The Company used the net proceeds from the sale of these units to repay a portion of the outstanding indebtedness under its Credit Facility.
 
In March 2011, the Company sold 16,726,067 units representing limited liability company interests at $38.80 per unit ($37.248 per unit, net of underwriting discount) for net proceeds of approximately $623 million (after underwriting discount and offering expenses of approximately $26 million).  The Company used a portion of the net proceeds from the sale of these units to fund the March 2011 redemptions of a portion of the outstanding 2017 Senior Notes and 2018 Senior Notes and to fund the cash tender offers and related expenses for a portion of the remaining 2017 Senior Notes and 2018 Senior Notes (see Note 6).  The Company used the remaining net proceeds from the sale of units to finance a portion of the March 31, 2011, acquisition in the Williston/Powder River Basin region.
 
Distributions
 
Under the Company’s limited liability company agreement, the Company’s unitholders are entitled to receive a quarterly distribution of available cash to the extent there is sufficient cash from operations after establishment of cash reserves and payment of fees and expenses.  Distributions paid by the Company during the three months ended March 31, 2012, are presented on the condensed consolidated statement of unitholders’ capital.  On April 24, 2012, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a cash distribution of $0.725 per unit with respect to the first quarter of 2012, which represents a 5% increase over the previous quarter.  The distribution, totaling approximately $145 million, will be paid on May 15, 2012, to unitholders of record as of the close of business on May 8, 2012.
 
Note 4 – Oil and Natural Gas Capitalized Costs
 
Aggregate capitalized costs related to oil, natural gas and NGL production activities with applicable accumulated depletion and amortization are presented below:
 
   
March 31,
2012
 
December 31,
2011
   
(in thousands)
Proved properties:
           
Leasehold acquisition
  $ 7,060,195     $ 6,040,239  
Development
    1,733,729       1,484,486  
Unproved properties
    334,932       310,925  
      9,128,856       7,835,650  
Less accumulated depletion and amortization
    (1,145,113 )     (1,033,617 )
    $ 7,983,743     $ 6,802,033  
 
9

LINN ENERGY, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – Continued
(Unaudited)
 
Note 5 – Unit-Based Compensation
 
During the three months ended March 31, 2012, the Company granted an aggregate 913,663 restricted units to employees, primarily as part of its annual review of employee compensation, with an aggregate fair value of approximately $34 million.  The restricted units vest over three years.  A summary of unit-based compensation expenses included on the condensed consolidated statements of operations is presented below:
 
   
Three Months Ended
March 31,
   
2012
 
2011
   
(in thousands)
             
General and administrative expenses
  $ 7,622     $ 5,404  
Lease operating expenses
    549       234  
Total unit-based compensation expenses
  $ 8,171     $ 5,638  
                 
Income tax benefit
  $ 3,019     $ 2,083  
 
Note 6 – Debt
 
The following summarizes debt outstanding:
 
   
March 31, 2012
 
December 31, 2011
   
Carrying
Value
 
Fair
Value (1)
 
Interest
Rate (2)
 
Carrying
Value
 
Fair
Value (1)
 
Interest
Rate (2)
   
(in millions, except percentages)
 
                                     
Credit facility
  $ 75     $ 75       2.00 %   $ 940     $ 940       2.57 %
11.75% senior notes due 2017
    41       46       12.73 %     41       46       12.73 %
9.875% senior notes due 2018
    14       16       10.25 %     14       16       10.25 %
6.50% senior notes due May 2019
    750       732       6.62 %     750       742       6.62 %
6.25% senior notes due November 2019
    1,800       1,739       6.25 %                  
8.625% senior notes due 2020
    1,300       1,401       9.00 %     1,300       1,406       9.00 %
7.75% senior notes due 2021
    1,000       1,034       8.00 %     1,000       1,036       8.00 %
Less current maturities
                                       
      4,980     $ 5,043               4,045     $ 4,186          
Unamortized discount
    (50 )                     (51 )                
Total debt, net of discount
  $ 4,930                     $ 3,994                  
 
(1)
The carrying value of the Credit Facility is estimated to be substantially the same as its fair value.  Fair values of the senior notes were estimated based on prices quoted from third-party financial institutions, which are characteristic of Level 2 fair value measurement inputs.
 
(2)
Represents variable interest rate for the Credit Facility and effective interest rates for the senior notes.
 
10

LINN ENERGY, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – Continued
(Unaudited)
 
Credit Facility
 
The Company’s Fifth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (“Credit Facility”) provides for a revolving credit facility up to the lesser of: (i) the then-effective borrowing base and (ii) the maximum commitment amount.  In October 2011, as part of the semi-annual redetermination, a borrowing base of $3.0 billion was approved by the lenders with a maximum commitment amount of $1.5 billion.  In February 2012, lenders approved an increase in the maximum commitment amount to $2.0 billion.  As a result of the Company’s March 2012 debt offering, the borrowing base was reduced from $3.0 billion to $2.6 billion, but the Company’s availability under the facility remains at the maximum commitment amount of $2.0 billion.  The maturity date is April 2016.
 
During 2012, in connection with amendments to its Credit Facility, the Company incurred financing fees and expenses of approximately $2 million, which will be amortized over the life of the Credit Facility.  Such amortized expenses are recorded in “interest expense, net of amounts capitalized” on the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
 
At March 31, 2012, available borrowing capacity under the Credit Facility was $1.9 billion, which includes a $4 million reduction in availability for outstanding letters of credit.
 
Redetermination of the borrowing base under the Credit Facility, based primarily on reserve reports that reflect commodity prices at such time, occurs semi-annually, in April and October, as well as upon requested interim redeterminations, by the lenders at their sole discretion.  The Company also has the right to request one additional borrowing base redetermination per year at its discretion, as well as the right to an additional redetermination each year in connection with certain acquisitions.  Significant declines in commodity prices may result in a decrease in the borrowing base.  The Company’s obligations under the Credit Facility are secured by mortgages on its and certain of its material subsidiaries’ oil and natural gas properties and other personal property as well as a pledge of all ownership interests in its direct and indirect material subsidiaries.  The Company and its subsidiaries are required to maintain the mortgages on properties representing at least 80% of the total value of its and its subsidiaries’ oil and natural gas properties.  Additionally, the obligations under the Credit Facility are guaranteed by all of the Company’s material subsidiaries and are required to be guaranteed by any future material subsidiaries.
 
At the Company’s election, interest on borrowings under the Credit Facility is determined by reference to either the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) plus an applicable margin between 1.75% and 2.75% per annum (depending on the then-current level of borrowings under the Credit Facility) or the alternate base rate (“ABR”) plus an applicable margin between 0.75% and 1.75% per annum (depending on the then-current level of borrowings under the Credit Facility).  Interest is generally payable quarterly for loans bearing interest based on the ABR and at the end of the applicable interest period for loans bearing interest at LIBOR.  The Company is required to pay a commitment fee to the lenders under the Credit Facility, which accrues at a rate per annum equal to 0.5% on the average daily unused amount of the lesser of: (i) the maximum commitment amount of the lenders and (ii) the then-effective borrowing base.  The Company is in compliance with all financial and other covenants of the Credit Facility.
 
Senior Notes Due November 2019
 
On March 2, 2012, the Company issued $1.8 billion in aggregate principal amount of 6.25% senior notes due November 2019 (“November 2019 Senior Notes”) at a price of 99.989%.  The November 2019 Senior Notes were sold to a group of initial purchasers and then resold to qualified institutional buyers, each in transactions exempt from the registration requirements of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended (the “Securities Act”).  The Company received net proceeds of approximately $1.77 billion (after deducting the initial purchasers’ discount of $198,000 and offering expenses of approximately $29 million).  The Company used the net proceeds to fund the BP acquisition (see Note 2).  The remaining proceeds were used to repay indebtedness under its Credit Facility and for general corporate purposes.  The financing fees and expenses of approximately $29 million incurred in connection
 
11

LINN ENERGY, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – Continued
(Unaudited)
 
with the November 2019 Senior Notes will be amortized over the life of the notes.  Such amortized expenses and discount are recorded in “interest expense, net of amounts capitalized” on the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
 
The November 2019 Senior Notes were issued under an indenture dated March 2, 2012 (“November 2019 Indenture”), mature November 1, 2019, and bear interest at 6.25%.  Interest is payable semi-annually on May 1 and November 1, beginning November 1, 2012.  The November 2019 Senior Notes are general unsecured senior obligations of the Company and are effectively junior in right of payment to any secured indebtedness of the Company to the extent of the collateral securing such indebtedness.  Each of the Company’s material subsidiaries has guaranteed the November 2019 Senior Notes on a senior unsecured basis.  The November 2019 Indenture provides that the Company may redeem: (i) on or prior to November 1, 2015, up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the November 2019 Senior Notes at a redemption price of 106.25% of the principal amount redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest, with the net cash proceeds of one or more equity offerings; (ii) prior to November 1, 2015, all or part of the November 2019 Senior Notes at a redemption price equal to the principal amount redeemed, plus a make-whole premium (as defined in the November 2019 Indenture) and accrued and unpaid interest; and (iii) on or after November 1, 2015, all or part of the November 2019 Senior Notes at a redemption price equal to 103.125%, and decreasing percentages thereafter, of the principal amount redeemed, plus accrued and unpaid interest.  The November 2019 Indenture also provides that, if a change of control (as defined in the November 2019 Indenture) occurs, the holders have a right to require the Company to repurchase all or part of the November 2019 Senior Notes at a redemption price equal to 101%, plus accrued and unpaid interest.
 
The November 2019 Indenture contains covenants substantially similar to those under the Company’s May 2019 Senior Notes, 2010 Issued Senior Notes and Original Senior Notes, as defined below, that, among other things, limit the Company’s ability to: (i) pay distributions on, purchase or redeem the Company’s units or redeem its subordinated debt; (ii) make investments; (iii) incur or guarantee additional indebtedness or issue certain types of equity securities; (iv) create certain liens; (v) sell assets; (vi) consolidate, merge or transfer all or substantially all of the Company’s assets; (vii) enter into agreements that restrict distributions or other payments from the Company’s restricted subsidiaries to the Company; (viii) engage in transactions with affiliates; and (ix) create unrestricted subsidiaries.  The Company is in compliance with all financial and other covenants of the November 2019 Senior Notes.
 
In connection with the issuance and sale of the November 2019 Senior Notes, the Company entered into a Registration Rights Agreement (“November 2019 Registration Rights Agreement”) with the initial purchasers.  Under the November 2019 Registration Rights Agreement, the Company agreed to use its reasonable efforts to file with the SEC and cause to become effective a registration statement relating to an offer to issue new notes having terms substantially identical to the November 2019 Senior Notes in exchange for outstanding November 2019 Senior Notes within 400 days after the notes were issued.  In certain circumstances, the Company may be required to file a shelf registration statement to cover resales of the November 2019 Senior Notes.  If the Company fails to satisfy these obligations, the Company may be required to pay additional interest to holders of the November 2019 Senior Notes under certain circumstances.
 
Senior Notes Due May 2019
 
On May 13, 2011, the Company issued $750 million in aggregate principal amount of 6.50% senior notes due 2019 (the “May 2019 Senior Notes”).  The indentures related to the May 2019 Senior Notes contain redemption provisions and covenants that are substantially similar to those of the November 2019 Senior Notes.
 
12

LINN ENERGY, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – Continued
(Unaudited)
 
Senior Notes Due 2020 and Senior Notes Due 2021
 
The Company has $1.3 billion in aggregate principal amount of 8.625% senior notes due 2020 (the “2020 Senior Notes”) and $1.0 billion in aggregate principal amount of 7.75% senior notes due 2021 (the “2021 Senior Notes,” and together with the 2020 Senior Notes, the “2010 Issued Senior Notes”).  The indentures related to the 2010 Issued Senior Notes contain redemption provisions and covenants that are substantially similar to those of the November 2019 Senior Notes.  However, in 2011, the Company caused the trustee to remove the restrictive legends from each of the 2010 Issued Senior Notes making them freely tradable (other than with respect to persons that are affiliates of the Company), thereby terminating the Company’s obligations under each of the registration rights agreements entered into in connection with the issuance of the 2010 Issued Senior Notes.
 
Senior Notes Due 2017 and Senior Notes Due 2018
 
The Company also has $41 million (originally $250 million) in aggregate principal amount of 11.75% senior notes due 2017 (the “2017 Senior Notes”) and $14 million (originally $256 million) in aggregate principal amount of 9.875% senior notes due 2018 (the “2018 Senior Notes” and together with the 2017 Senior Notes, the “Original Senior Notes”).  The indentures related to the Original Senior Notes initially contained redemption provisions and covenants that were substantially similar to those of the November 2019 Senior Notes; however, in conjunction with the tender offers in 2011, the indentures were amended and most of the covenants and certain default provisions were eliminated.  The amendments became effective upon the execution of the supplemental indentures to the indentures governing the Original Senior Notes.
 
In March 2011, in accordance with the indentures related to the Original Senior Notes, the Company redeemed and also repurchased through cash tender offers, a portion of the Original Senior Notes.  In connection with the redemptions and cash tender offers of a portion of the Original Senior Notes, the Company recorded a loss on extinguishment of debt of approximately $85 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011.
 
Note 7 – Derivatives
 
Commodity Derivatives
 
The Company utilizes derivative instruments to minimize the variability in cash flow due to commodity price movements.  The Company has historically entered into derivative instruments such as swap contracts, put options and collars to economically hedge its forecasted oil, natural gas and NGL sales.  The Company did not designate any of these contracts as cash flow hedges; therefore, the changes in fair value of these instruments are recorded in current earnings.  See Note 8 for fair value disclosures about oil and natural gas commodity derivatives.
 
13

LINN ENERGY, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – Continued
(Unaudited)
 
The following table summarizes open positions as of March 31, 2012, and represents, as of such date, derivatives in place through December 31, 2016, on annual production volumes:
 
   
April 1 –
December 31,
2012
 
2013
 
2014
 
2015
 
2016
Natural gas positions:
                             
Fixed price swaps:
                             
Hedged volume (MMMBtu)
    55,416       81,815       90,904       99,937       20,240  
Average price ($/MMBtu)
  $ 5.40     $ 5.31     $ 5.35     $ 5.43     $ 4.06  
Puts: (1)
                                       
Hedged volume (MMMBtu)
    49,984       64,298       56,998       58,714       24,297  
Average price ($/MMBtu)
  $ 5.48     $ 5.49     $ 5.00     $ 5.00     $ 5.00  
Total:
                                       
Hedged volume (MMMBtu)
    105,400       146,113       147,902       158,651       44,537  
Average price ($/MMBtu)
  $ 5.44     $ 5.39     $ 5.21     $ 5.27     $ 4.57  
                                         
Oil positions:
                                       
Fixed price swaps: (2)
                                       
Hedged volume (MBbls)
    6,508       9,523       9,523       10,070        
Average price ($/Bbl)
  $ 97.57     $ 98.19     $ 95.67     $ 98.38     $  
Puts:
                                       
Hedged volume (MBbls)
    1,742       2,440       513              
Average price ($/Bbl)
  $ 100.00     $ 100.00     $ 100.00     $     $  
Total:
                                       
Hedged volume (MBbls)
    8,250       11,963       10,036       10,070        
Average price ($/Bbl)
  $ 98.08     $ 98.56     $ 95.89     $ 98.38     $  
                                         
Natural gas basis differential positions: (3)
                                       
Panhandle basis swaps:
                                       
Hedged volume (MMMBtu)
    56,191       77,800       79,388       87,162       19,764  
Hedged differential ($/MMBtu)
  $ (0.56 )   $ (0.56 )   $ (0.33 )   $ (0.33 )   $ (0.31 )
MichCon basis swaps:
                                       
Hedged volume (MMMBtu)
    7,315       9,600       9,490       9,344        
Hedged differential ($/MMBtu)
  $ 0.12     $ 0.10     $ 0.08     $ 0.06     $  
Houston Ship Channel basis swaps:
                                       
Hedged volume (MMMBtu)
    4,190       5,731       5,256       4,891       4,575  
Hedged differential ($/MMBtu)
  $ (0.10 )   $ (0.10 )   $ (0.10 )   $ (0.10 )   $ (0.10 )
Permian basis swaps:
                                       
Hedged volume (MMMBtu)
    3,410       4,636       4,891       5,074        
Hedged differential ($/MMBtu)
  $ (0.19 )   $ (0.20 )   $ (0.21 )   $ (0.21 )   $  
                                         
Oil timing differential positions:
                                       
Trade month roll swaps: (4)
                                       
Hedged volume (MBbls)
    4,617       6,315       6,315       840        
Hedged differential ($/Bbl)
  $ 0.21     $ 0.21     $ 0.21     $ 0.17     $  
 
(1)
Includes certain outstanding natural gas puts of approximately 7,964 MMMBtu for the period April 1, 2012, through December 31, 2012, 10,570 MMMBtu for each of the years ending December 31, 2013, December 31, 2014, and December 31, 2015, and 10,599 MMMBtu for the year ending December 31, 2016, used to hedge revenues associated with NGL production.
 
14

LINN ENERGY, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – Continued
(Unaudited)
 
(2)
Includes certain outstanding fixed price oil swaps on 14,750 Bbls of daily production which may be extended annually at a price of $100.00 per Bbl for each of the years ending December 31, 2016, December 31, 2017, and December 31, 2018, if the counterparties determine that the strike prices are in-the-money on a designated date in each respective preceding year.  The extension for each year is exercisable without respect to the other years.
 
(3)
Settle on the respective pricing index to hedge basis differential associated with natural gas production.
 
(4)
The Company hedges the timing risk associated with the sales price of oil in the Mid-Continent, Hugoton Basin and Permian Basin regions.  In these regions, the Company generally sells oil for the delivery month at a sales price based on the average NYMEX price of light crude oil during that month, plus an adjustment calculated as a spread between the weighted average prices of the delivery month, the next month and the following month during the period when the delivery month is prompt (the “trade month roll”).
 
During the three months ended March 31, 2012, the Company entered into commodity derivative contracts consisting of oil and natural gas swaps and puts for April 2012 through December 2016, and paid premiums for put options of approximately $178 million.  Also during the three months ended March 31, 2012, the Company entered into natural gas basis swaps for April 2012 through December 2016.
 
Settled derivatives on natural gas production for the three months ended March 31, 2012, included volumes of 23,642 MMMBtu, at an average contract price of $5.84 per MMBtu.  Settled derivatives on oil production for the three months ended March 31, 2012, included volumes of 2,578 MBbls at an average contract price of $97.93 per Bbl.  Settled derivatives on natural gas production for the three months ended March 31, 2011, included volumes of 16,072 MMMBtu, at an average contract price of $8.25 per MMBtu.  Settled derivatives on oil production for the three months ended March 31, 2011, included volumes of 1,807 MBbls at an average contract price of $84.20 per Bbl.  The natural gas derivatives are settled based on the closing price of NYMEX natural gas on the last trading day for the delivery month, which occurs on the third business day preceding the delivery month, or the relevant index prices of natural gas published in Inside FERC’s Gas Market Report on the first business day of the delivery month.  The oil derivatives are settled based on the average closing price of NYMEX light crude oil for each day of the delivery month.
 
Balance Sheet Presentation
 
The Company’s commodity derivatives are presented on a net basis in “derivative instruments” on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.  The following summarizes the fair value of derivatives outstanding on a gross basis:
 
   
March 31,
2012
 
December 31,
2011
   
(in thousands)
Assets:
           
Commodity derivatives
  $ 1,092,739     $ 880,175  
                 
Liabilities:
               
Commodity derivatives
  $ 412,344     $ 320,835  
 
By using derivative instruments to economically hedge exposures to changes in commodity prices, the Company exposes itself to credit risk and market risk.  Credit risk is the failure of the counterparty to perform under the terms of the derivative contract.  When the fair value of a derivative contract is positive, the counterparty owes the Company, which creates credit risk.  The Company’s counterparties are current participants or affiliates of participants in its Credit Facility or were participants or affiliates of participants in its Credit Facility at the time it originally entered into the derivatives.  The Credit Facility is secured by the Company’s oil and natural gas reserves; therefore, the Company is not required to post any collateral.  The Company does not receive collateral from its counterparties.  The maximum amount of loss due to credit risk that the Company would incur if its counterparties failed completely to perform according to the terms of the contracts, based on the gross fair value of financial
 
15

LINN ENERGY, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – Continued
(Unaudited)
 
instruments, was approximately $1.1 billion at March 31, 2012.  The Company minimizes the credit risk in derivative instruments by: (i) limiting its exposure to any single counterparty; (ii) entering into derivative instruments only with counterparties that meet the Company’s minimum credit quality standard, or have a guarantee from an affiliate that meets the Company’s minimum credit quality standard; and (iii) monitoring the creditworthiness of the Company’s counterparties on an ongoing basis.  In accordance with the Company’s standard practice, its commodity derivatives are subject to counterparty netting under agreements governing such derivatives and therefore the risk of loss is somewhat mitigated.
 
Gains (Losses) on Derivatives
 
Gains and losses on derivatives, including realized and unrealized gains and losses, are reported on the condensed consolidated statements of operations in “gains (losses) on oil and natural gas derivatives.”  Realized gains (losses), excluding canceled derivatives, represent amounts related to the settlement of derivative instruments and are aligned with the underlying production.  Unrealized gains (losses) represent the change in fair value of the derivative instruments and are noncash items.
 
The following presents the Company’s reported gains and losses on derivative instruments:
 
   
Three Months Ended
March 31,
   
2012
 
2011
   
(in thousands)
Realized gains:
           
Commodity derivatives
  $ 55,255     $ 55,809  
Unrealized losses:
               
Commodity derivatives
    (53,224 )     (425,285 )
Total gains (losses):
               
Commodity derivatives
  $ 2,031     $ (369,476 )
 
Note 8 – Fair Value Measurements on a Recurring Basis
 
The Company accounts for its commodity derivatives at fair value (see Note 7) on a recurring basis.  The Company uses certain pricing models to determine the fair value of its derivative financial instruments.  Inputs to the pricing models include publicly available prices and forward price curves generated from a compilation of data gathered from third parties.  Company management validates the data provided by third parties by understanding the pricing models used, obtaining market values from other pricing sources, analyzing pricing data in certain situations and confirming that those securities trade in active markets.  Assumed credit risk adjustments, based on published credit ratings, public bond yield spreads and credit default swap spreads, are applied to the Company’s commodity derivatives.
 
The following presents the fair value hierarchy for assets and liabilities measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
 
   
March 31, 2012
   
Level 2
 
Netting (1)
 
Total
   
(in thousands)
Assets:
                 
Commodity derivatives
  $ 1,092,739     $ (391,139 )   $ 701,600  
                         
Liabilities:
                       
Commodity derivatives
  $ 412,344     $ (391,139 )   $ 21,205  
 
(1)
Represents counterparty netting under agreements governing such derivatives.
 
16

LINN ENERGY, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – Continued
(Unaudited)
 
Note 9 – Asset Retirement Obligations
 
Asset retirement obligations associated with retiring tangible long-lived assets are recognized as a liability in the period in which a legal obligation is incurred and becomes determinable and are included in “other noncurrent liabilities” on the condensed consolidated balance sheets.  Accretion expense is included in “depreciation, depletion and amortization” on the condensed consolidated statements of operations.  The fair value of additions to the asset retirement obligations is estimated using valuation techniques that convert future cash flows to a single discounted amount.  Significant inputs to the valuation include estimates of: (i) plug and abandon costs per well based on existing regulatory requirements; (ii) remaining life per well; (iii) future inflation factors (2% for the three months ended March 31, 2012); and (iv) a credit-adjusted risk-free interest rate (average of 7.35% for the three months ended March 31, 2012).  These inputs require significant judgments and estimates by the Company’s management at the time of the valuation and are the most sensitive and subject to change.
 
The following presents a reconciliation of the asset retirement obligations (in thousands):
 
Asset retirement obligations at December 31, 2011
  $ 71,142  
Liabilities added from acquisitions
    18,469  
Liabilities added from drilling
    274  
Current year accretion expense
    1,385  
Settlements
    (1,043 )
Asset retirement obligations at March 31, 2012
  $ 90,227  
 
Note 10 – Commitments and Contingencies
 
The Company has been named as a defendant in a number of lawsuits, including claims from royalty owners related to disputed royalty payments and royalty valuations.  The Company has established reserves that management currently believes are adequate to provide for potential liabilities based upon its evaluation of these matters.  For a certain statewide class action royalty payment dispute where a reserve has not yet been established, the Company has denied that it has any liability on the claims and has raised arguments and defenses that, if accepted by the court, will result in no loss to the Company.  Discovery in this dispute is ongoing and is not complete.  As a result, the Company is unable to estimate a possible loss, or range of possible loss, if any.  In addition, the Company is involved in various other disputes arising in the ordinary course of business.  The Company is not currently a party to any litigation or pending claims that it believes would have a material adverse effect on its overall business, financial position, results of operations or liquidity; however, cash flow could be significantly impacted in the reporting periods in which such matters are resolved.
 
In 2008, Lehman Brothers Holdings Inc. (“Lehman Holdings”) and Lehman Brothers Commodity Services Inc. (“Lehman Commodity Services”) (together “Lehman”), filed voluntary petitions for reorganization under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code with the U.S. Bankruptcy Court for the Southern District of New York.  In March 2011, the Company and Lehman entered into Termination Agreements under which the Company was granted general unsecured claims against Lehman in the amount of $51 million (the “Company Claim”).  In December 2011, a Chapter 11 Plan (“Plan”) was approved by the Bankruptcy Court.  Based on the recovery estimates described in the approved disclosure statement relating to the Plan, the Company expects to ultimately receive a substantial portion of the Company Claim.  At March 31, 2012, the Company had a net receivable, which was valued based on market expectations, of approximately $7 million from Lehman Commodity Services related to canceled derivative contracts, and is included in “other current assets” on the consolidated balance sheets.  An initial distribution under the Plan of approximately $25 million was received by the Company on April 19, 2012.
 
17

LINN ENERGY, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – Continued
(Unaudited)
 
Note 11 – Earnings Per Unit
 
Basic earnings per unit is computed by dividing net earnings attributable to unitholders by the weighted average number of units outstanding during each period.  Diluted earnings per unit is computed by adjusting the average number of units outstanding for the dilutive effect, if any, of unit equivalents.  The Company uses the treasury stock method to determine the dilutive effect.
 
The following table provides a reconciliation of the numerators and denominators of the basic and diluted per unit computations for net loss:
 
   
  Net Loss
(Numerator)
 
Units
(Denominator)
   
Per Unit
Amount
 
      (in thousands)          
Three months ended March 31, 2012:
                         
Net loss:
                         
Allocated to units
    $ (6,202 )                  
Allocated to unvested restricted units
      (1,375 )                  
      $ (7,577 )                  
Net loss per unit:
                           
Basic net loss per unit
                193,256       $ (0.04 )  
Dilutive effect of unit equivalents
                           
Diluted net loss per unit
                193,256       $ (0.04 )  
                                 
Three months ended March 31, 2011:
                               
Net loss:
                               
Allocated to units
    $ (446,682 )                      
Allocated to unvested restricted units
      (1,219 )                      
      $ (447,901 )                      
Net loss per unit:
                               
Basic net loss per unit
                163,107       $ (2.75 )  
Dilutive effect of unit equivalents
                           
Diluted net loss per unit
                163,107       $ (2.75 )  
 
Basic units outstanding excludes the effect of weighted average anti-dilutive unit equivalents related to approximately 2 million unit options and warrants for the three months ended March 31, 2012, and March 31, 2011.  All equivalent units were anti-dilutive for the three months ended March 31, 2012, and March 31, 2011.
 
Note 12 – Income Taxes
 
The Company is a limited liability company treated as a partnership for federal and state income tax purposes, with the exception of the state of Texas, with income tax liabilities and/or benefits of the Company passed through to unitholders.  Limited liability companies are subject to Texas margin tax.  Limited liability companies were also subject to state income taxes in Michigan during the three months ended March 31, 2011.  In addition, certain of the Company’s subsidiaries are Subchapter C-corporations subject to federal and state income taxes.  As such, with the exception of the state of Texas and certain subsidiaries, the Company is not a taxable entity, it does not directly pay federal and state income taxes and recognition has not been given to federal and state income taxes for the operations of the Company.  Amounts recognized for these taxes are reported in “income tax expense” on the condensed consolidated statements of operations.
 
18

LINN ENERGY, LLC
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS – Continued
(Unaudited)
 
Note 13 – Supplemental Disclosures to the Condensed Consolidated Balance Sheets and Condensed Consolidated
                  Statements of Cash Flows
 
“Other accrued liabilities” reported on the condensed consolidated balance sheets include the following:
 
   
March 31,
2012
 
December 31,
2011
   
(in thousands)
             
Accrued compensation
  $ 8,762     $ 19,581  
Accrued interest
    84,796       55,170  
Other
    2,146       1,147  
    $ 95,704     $ 75,898  
 
Supplemental disclosures to the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows are presented below:
 
   
Three Months Ended
March 31,
   
2012
 
2011
   
(in thousands)
             
Cash payments for interest, net of amounts capitalized
  $ 42,517     $ 62,983  
Cash payments for income taxes
  $ 20     $ 557  
Noncash investing activities:
               
In connection with the acquisition of oil and natural gas properties, liabilities were assumed as follows:
               
Fair value of assets acquired
  $ 1,257,765     $ 234,482  
Cash paid, net of cash acquired
    (1,230,304 )     (237,349 )
Receivables from sellers
    772       2,087  
Payables to sellers
          (1,456 )
Liabilities assumed
  $ 28,233     $ (2,236 )
 
For purposes of the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows, the Company considers all highly liquid short-term investments with original maturities of three months or less to be cash equivalents.  Restricted cash of approximately $4 million is included in “other noncurrent assets” on the condensed consolidated balance sheets at March 31, 2012, and December 31, 2011, and represents cash deposited by the Company into a separate account and designated for asset retirement obligations in accordance with contractual agreements.
 
The Company manages its working capital and cash requirements to borrow only as needed from its Credit Facility.  At December 31, 2011, approximately $54 million was included in “accounts payable and accrued expenses” on the consolidated balance sheet which represents reclassified net outstanding checks.  There was no such balance at March 31, 2012.  The Company presents these net outstanding checks as cash flows from financing activities on the condensed consolidated statements of cash flows.
 
19

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations
 
The following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect the Company’s future plans, estimates, beliefs and expected performance.  The forward-looking statements are dependent upon events, risks and uncertainties that may be outside the Company’s control.  The Company’s actual results could differ materially from those discussed in these forward-looking statements.  Factors that could cause or contribute to such differences include, but are not limited to, market prices for oil, natural gas and NGL, production volumes, estimates of proved reserves, capital expenditures, economic and competitive conditions, credit and capital market conditions, regulatory changes and other uncertainties, as well as those factors set forth in “Cautionary Statement” below and in Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011, and elsewhere in the Annual Report.  In light of these risks, uncertainties and assumptions, the forward-looking events discussed may not occur.
 
The following discussion and analysis should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and related notes included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in the Company’s Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011.  A reference to a “Note” herein refers to the accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 1. “Financial Statements.”
 
Executive Overview
 
LINN Energy’s mission is to acquire, develop and maximize cash flow from a growing portfolio of long-life oil and natural gas assets.  LINN Energy is an independent oil and natural gas company that began operations in March 2003 and completed its IPO in January 2006.  The Company’s properties are located in six operating regions in the United States (“U.S.”):
 
 
·
Mid-Continent, which includes properties in Oklahoma, Louisiana and the eastern portion of Texas Panhandle (including Granite Wash and Cleveland horizontal plays);
 
·
Permian Basin, which includes areas in west Texas and southeast New Mexico;
 
·
Hugoton Basin, which includes properties located primarily in Kansas and the Shallow Texas Panhandle;
 
·
Michigan/Illinois, which includes the Antrim Shale formation in the northern part of Michigan and oil properties in southern Illinois;
 
·
Williston/Powder River Basin, which includes the Bakken formation in North Dakota; and
 
·
California, which includes the Brea Olinda Field of the Los Angeles Basin.
 
Results for the three months ended March 31, 2012, included the following:
 
 
·
oil, natural gas and NGL sales of approximately $349 million compared to $241 million for the first quarter of 2011;
 
·
average daily production of 471 MMcfe/d compared to 312 MMcfe/d for the first quarter of 2011;
 
·
realized gains on commodity derivatives of approximately $55 million compared to $56 million for the first quarter of 2011;
 
·
adjusted EBITDA of approximately $302 million compared to $210 million for the first quarter of 2011;
 
·
adjusted net income of approximately $48 million compared to $62 million for the first quarter of 2011;
 
·
capital expenditures, excluding acquisitions, of approximately $259 million compared to $113 million for the first quarter of 2011; and
 
·
81 wells drilled (79 successful) compared to 46 wells drilled (44 successful) for the first quarter of 2011.
 
Adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income are non-GAAP financial measures used by management to analyze Company performance.  Adjusted EBITDA is a measure used by Company management to evaluate cash flow and the Company’s ability to sustain or increase distributions.  The most significant reconciling items between net income (loss) and adjusted EBITDA are interest expense and noncash items, including the change in fair value of derivatives, and depreciation, depletion and amortization.  Adjusted net income is used by Company management to evaluate its operational performance from oil and natural gas properties, prior to unrealized (gains) losses on derivatives, realized (gains) losses on canceled derivatives, impairment of long-lived assets, loss on extinguishment of debt and (gains) losses on sale of assets, net.  See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” on page 34 for a
 
20

Item 2.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Continued
 
reconciliation of each non-GAAP financial measure to its most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP.
 
Acquisitions
 
On April 3, 2012, the Company entered into a joint-venture agreement with an affiliate of Anadarko Petroleum Corporation (“Anadarko”) whereby LINN Energy will participate as a partner in the CO2 enhanced oil recovery development of the Salt Creek field, located in the Powder River Basin of Wyoming.  Anadarko assigned LINN Energy 23% of its interest in the field in exchange for future funding of $400 million of Anadarko’s development costs.  The acquisition included approximately 16 MMBoe (96 Bcfe) of proved reserves as of the agreement date.
 
On March 30, 2012, the Company completed the acquisition of certain oil and natural gas properties located in the Hugoton Basin in Kansas from BP America Production Company (“BP”) for total consideration of approximately $1.17 billion.  The acquisition included approximately 701 Bcfe of proved reserves as of the acquisition date.
 
During the first quarter of 2012, the Company completed other smaller acquisitions of oil and natural gas properties located in its various operating regions.  The Company, in the aggregate, paid approximately $63 million in total consideration for these properties.
 
Proved reserves as of the acquisition date for all of the above referenced acquisitions were estimated using the average oil and natural gas prices during the preceding 12-month period, determined as an unweighted average of the first-day-of-the-month prices for each month.
 
Acquisition – Pending
 
On March 7, 2012, the Company entered into a definitive purchase and sale agreement to acquire certain oil and natural gas properties located in east Texas for a contract price of $175 million.  The Company anticipates the acquisition will close May 1, 2012, subject to closing conditions, and will be financed with borrowings under its Credit Facility, as defined in Note 6.
 
Financing and Liquidity
 
In January 2012, the Company, under its equity distribution agreement, issued and sold 1,539,651 units representing limited liability company interests at an average unit price of $38.02 for proceeds of approximately $57 million (net of approximately $1 million in commissions).  The Company used the net proceeds for general corporate purposes including the repayment of a portion of the indebtedness outstanding under its Credit Facility.  At March 31, 2012, units equaling approximately $411 million in aggregate offering price remained available to be issued and sold under the agreement.
 
In January 2012, the Company completed a public offering of units for net proceeds of approximately $674 million.  The Company used the net proceeds from the sale of these units to repay a portion of the outstanding indebtedness under its Credit Facility.
 
The Company’s Fifth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (“Credit Facility”) provides for a revolving credit facility up to the lesser of: (i) the then-effective borrowing base and (ii) the maximum commitment amount.  In February 2012, lenders approved an increase in the maximum commitment amount from $1.5 billion to $2.0 billion.  The maturity date is April 2016.
 
In March 2, 2012, the Company issued $1.8 billion in aggregate principal amount of 6.25% senior notes due November 2019 (see Note 6) and used the net proceeds of approximately $1.77 billion to fund the Hugoton acquisition (see Note 2).  The remaining proceeds were used to repay indebtedness under its Credit Facility and for general corporate purposes.
 
21

Item 2.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Continued
 
Commodity Derivatives
 
The Company hedges a significant portion of its forecasted production to reduce exposure to fluctuations in the prices of oil and natural gas and provide long-term cash flow predictability to pay distributions, service debt and manage its business.  By removing a significant portion of the price volatility associated with future production, the Company expects to mitigate, but not eliminate, the potential effects of variability in cash flow from operations due to fluctuations in commodity prices.
 
22

Item 2.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Continued
 
In April 2012, the Company entered into commodity derivative contracts consisting of oil and natural gas swaps for 2016 and 2017 and oil puts for 2014 and 2015, and paid premiums for put options of approximately $50 million.  The following table summarizes open positions as of April 22, 2012, and represents, as of such date, derivatives in place through December 31, 2017, on annual production volumes:
 
   
April 23 –
December 31,
2012
 
2013
 
2014
 
2015
 
2016
 
2017
Natural gas positions:
                                   
Fixed price swaps:
                                   
Hedged volume (MMMBtu)
    49,686       81,815       90,904       99,937       79,898       70,445  
Average price ($/MMBtu)
  $ 5.39     $ 5.31     $ 5.35     $ 5.43     $ 4.28     $ 4.37  
Puts: (1)
                                               
Hedged volume (MMMBtu)
    44,801       64,298       56,998       58,714       24,297        
Average price ($/MMBtu)
  $ 5.47     $ 5.49     $ 5.00     $ 5.00     $ 5.00     $  
Total:
                                               
Hedged volume (MMMBtu)
    94,487       146,113       147,902       158,651       104,195       70,445  
Average price ($/MMBtu)
  $ 5.43     $ 5.39     $ 5.21     $ 5.27     $ 4.45     $ 4.37  
                                                 
Oil positions:
                                               
Fixed price swaps: (2)
                                               
Hedged volume (MBbls)
    6,508       9,523       9,523       10,070       7,448       3,650  
Average price ($/Bbl)
  $ 97.57     $ 98.19     $ 95.67     $ 98.38     $ 91.57     $ 91.04  
Puts:
                                               
Hedged volume (MBbls)
    1,742       2,440       3,287       1,764              
Average price ($/Bbl)
  $ 100.00     $ 100.00     $ 91.56     $ 90.00     $     $  
Total:
                                               
Hedged volume (MBbls)
    8,250       11,963       12,810       11,834       7,448       3,650  
Average price ($/Bbl)
  $ 98.08     $ 98.56     $ 94.61     $ 97.13     $ 91.57     $ 91.04  
                                                 
Natural gas basis differential positions: (3)
                                               
Panhandle basis swaps:
                                               
Hedged volume (MMMBtu)
    50,010       77,800       79,388       87,162       19,764        
Hedged differential ($/MMBtu)
  $ (0.55 )   $ (0.56 )   $ (0.33 )   $ (0.33 )   $ (0.31 )   $  
MichCon basis swaps:
                                               
Hedged volume (MMMBtu)
    6,517       9,600       9,490       9,344              
Hedged differential ($/MMBtu)
  $ 0.12     $ 0.10     $ 0.08     $ 0.06     $     $  
Houston Ship Channel basis swaps:
                                               
Hedged volume (MMMBtu)
    4,190       5,731       5,256       4,891       4,575        
Hedged differential ($/MMBtu)
  $ (0.10 )   $ (0.10 )   $ (0.10 )   $ (0.10 )   $ (0.10 )   $  
Permian basis swaps:
                                               
Hedged volume (MMMBtu)
    3,038       4,636       4,891       5,074              
Hedged differential ($/MMBtu)
  $ (0.19 )   $ (0.20 )   $ (0.21 )   $ (0.21 )   $     $  
                                                 
Oil timing differential positions:
                                               
Trade month roll swaps: (4)
                                               
Hedged volume (MBbls)
    4,167       6,315       6,315       840              
Hedged differential ($/Bbl)
  $ 0.21     $ 0.21     $ 0.21     $ 0.17     $     $  
 
(1)
Includes certain outstanding natural gas puts of approximately 7,095 MMMBtu for the period April 23, 2012, through December 31, 2012, 10,570 MMMBtu for each of the years ending December 31, 2013, December 31, 2014, and December 31, 2015, and 10,599 MMMBtu for the year ending December 31, 2016, used to hedge revenues associated with NGL production.
 
23

Item 2.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Continued
 
(2)
Includes certain outstanding fixed price oil swaps which may be extended annually on 8,000 Bbls of daily production for the year ending December 31, 2016, 14,750 Bbls of daily production for the years ending December 31, 2017, and December 31, 2018, and 6,750 Bbls of daily production for the year ending December 31, 2019, at prices of $100.00 per Bbl for 2016, 2017 and 2018 and $90.00 per Bbl for 2019, if the counterparties determine that the strike prices are in-the-money on a designated date in each respective preceding year.  The extension for each year is exercisable without respect to the other years.
 
(3)
Settle on the respective pricing index to hedge basis differential associated with natural gas production.
 
(4)
The Company hedges the timing risk associated with the sales price of oil in the Mid-Continent, Hugoton Basin and Permian Basin regions.  In these regions, the Company generally sells oil for the delivery month at a sales price based on the average NYMEX price of light crude oil during that month, plus an adjustment calculated as a spread between the weighted average prices of the delivery month, the next month and the following month during the period when the delivery month is prompt (the “trade month roll”).
 
24

Item 2.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Continued
 
Results of Operations
 
Three Months Ended March 31, 2012, Compared to Three Months Ended March 31, 2011
 
   
Three Months Ended
March 31,
     
   
2012
 
2011
 
Variance
   
(in thousands)
Revenues and other:
                 
Natural gas sales
  $ 65,785     $ 66,798     $ (1,013 )
Oil sales
    231,165       138,638       92,527  
NGL sales
    51,945       35,271       16,674  
Total oil, natural gas and NGL sales
    348,895       240,707       108,188  
Gains (losses) on oil and natural gas derivatives
    2,031       (369,476 )     371,507  
Marketing revenues
    1,290       1,173       117  
Other revenues
    1,874       1,123       751  
    $ 354,090     $ (126,473 )   $ 480,563  
Expenses:
                       
Lease operating expenses
  $ 71,636     $ 45,901     $ 25,735  
Transportation expenses
    10,562       5,855       4,707  
Marketing expenses
    692       809       (117 )
General and administrative expenses (1)
    43,321       30,560       12,761  
Exploration costs
    410       445       (35 )
Bad debt expenses
    16       (38 )     54  
Depreciation, depletion and amortization
    117,276       66,366       50,910  
Taxes, other than income taxes
    25,195       15,727       9,468  
Losses on sale of assets and other, net
    1,478       614       864  
    $ 270,586     $ 166,239     $ 104,347  
                         
Other income and (expenses)
  $ (80,788 )   $ (149,772 )   $ 68,984  
                         
Income (loss) before income taxes
  $ 2,716     $ (442,484 )   $ 445,200  
                         
Adjusted EBITDA (2)
  $ 302,139     $ 209,996     $ 92,143  
                         
Adjusted net income (2)
  $ 48,422     $ 62,307     $ (13,885 )
 
(1)
General and administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2012, and March 31, 2011, include approximately $8 million and $5 million, respectively, of noncash unit-based compensation expenses.
 
(2)
This is a non-GAAP measure used by management to analyze the Company’s performance.  See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” on page 34 for a reconciliation of the non-GAAP financial measure to its most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP.
 
25

Item 2.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Continued
 
   
Three Months Ended
March 31,
     
   
2012
 
2011
 
Variance
Average daily production:
                 
Natural gas (MMcf/d)
    229       158       45 %
Oil (MBbls/d)
    26.1       17.2       52 %
NGL (MBbls/d)
    14.2       8.6       65 %
Total (MMcfe/d)
    471       312       51 %
                         
Weighted average prices (hedged): (1)
                       
Natural gas (Mcf)
  $ 6.33     $ 8.99       (30 )%
Oil (Bbl)
  $ 92.80     $ 86.24       8 %
NGL (Bbl)
  $ 40.21     $ 45.81       (12 )%
                         
Weighted average prices (unhedged): (2)
                       
Natural gas (Mcf)
  $ 3.16     $ 4.71       (33 )%
Oil (Bbl)
  $ 97.25     $ 89.44       9 %
NGL (Bbl)
  $ 40.21     $ 45.81       (12 )%
                         
Average NYMEX prices:
                       
Natural gas (MMBtu)
  $ 2.74     $ 4.13       (34 )%
Oil (Bbl)
  $ 102.93     $ 94.10       9 %
                         
Costs per Mcfe of production:
                       
Lease operating expenses
  $ 1.67     $ 1.63       2 %
Transportation expenses
  $ 0.25     $ 0.21       19 %
General and administrative expenses (3)
  $ 1.01     $ 1.09       (7 )%
Depreciation, depletion and amortization
  $ 2.74     $ 2.36       16 %
Taxes, other than income taxes
  $ 0.59     $ 0.56       5 %
 
(1)
Includes the effect of realized gains on derivatives of approximately $55 million and $56 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, and March 31, 2011, respectively.
 
(2)
Does not include the effect of realized gains (losses) on derivatives.
 
(3)
General and administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2012, and March 31, 2011, include approximately $8 million and $5 million, respectively, of noncash unit-based compensation expenses.  Excluding these amounts, general and administrative expenses for the three months ended March 31, 2012, and March 31, 2011, were $0.83 per Mcfe and $0.90 per Mcfe, respectively.  This is a non-GAAP measure used by management to analyze the Company’s performance.
 
26

Item 2.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Continued
 
Revenues and Other
 
Oil, Natural Gas and NGL Sales
Oil, natural gas and NGL sales increased approximately $108 million or 45% to approximately $349 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, from approximately $241 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011, due to higher production volumes and higher oil prices partially offset by lower natural gas and NGL prices.  Higher oil prices resulted in an increase in revenues of approximately $19 million.  Lower natural gas and NGL prices resulted in a decrease in revenues of approximately $32 million and $7 million, respectively.
 
Average daily production volumes increased to 471 MMcfe/d during the three months ended March 31, 2012, from 312 MMcfe/d during the three months ended March 31, 2011.  Higher oil, natural gas and NGL production volumes resulted in an increase in revenues of approximately $73 million, $31 million and $24 million, respectively.
 
The following sets forth average daily production by region:
 
   
Three Months Ended
March 31,
           
   
2012
 
2011
 
Variance
Average daily production (MMcfe/d):
                       
Mid-Continent
    273       165       108       65 %
Permian Basin
    89       58       31       53 %
Hugoton Basin
    39       39             1 %
Michigan/Illinois
    36       36              
Williston/Powder River Basin
    21             21        
California
    13       14       (1 )     (4 )%
      471       312       159       51 %
 
The 65% increase in average daily production volumes in the Mid-Continent region primarily reflects the Company’s 2011 and 2012 capital drilling programs in the Granite Wash formation, as well as the impact of the acquisition in the Cleveland horizontal play in June 2011 and the Plains acquisition in December 2011.  Average daily production volumes in the Permian Basin region reflect the impact of acquisitions in 2011 and subsequent development capital spending.  The Hugoton Basin, Michigan/Illinois and California regions consist of low-decline asset bases and continue to produce at consistent levels.  Average daily production volumes in the Williston/Powder River Basin region reflect the impact of acquisitions in 2011.
 
Gains (Losses) on Oil and Natural Gas Derivatives
The Company determines the fair value of its oil and natural gas derivatives utilizing pricing models that use a variety of techniques, including market quotes and pricing analysis.  See Item 3. “Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk,” Note 7 and Note 8 for additional information about the Company’s commodity derivatives.  During the three months ended March 31, 2012, the Company had commodity derivative contracts for approximately 114% of its natural gas production and 108% of its oil production, which resulted in realized gains of approximately $55 million.  During the three months ended March 31, 2011, the Company had commodity derivative contracts for approximately 113% of its natural gas production and 117% of its oil production, which resulted in realized gains of approximately $56 million.  Unrealized gains and losses result from changes in market valuations of derivatives as future commodity price expectations change compared to the contract prices on the derivatives.  If the expected future commodity prices increase compared to the contract prices on the derivatives, unrealized losses are recognized; and if the expected future commodity prices decrease compared to the contract prices on the derivatives, unrealized gains are recognized.  During the first quarter of 2012, expected future oil prices increased resulting in unrealized losses of approximately $199 million, and natural gas prices decreased resulting in unrealized gains of approximately $146 million, for net unrealized losses on derivatives of approximately $53 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012.  During the first quarter of 2011, expected future oil and natural gas prices increased, which resulted in net unrealized losses on derivatives of approximately
 
27

Item 2.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Continued
 
$425 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011.  For information about the Company’s credit risk related to derivative contracts, see “Counterparty Credit Risk” in “Liquidity and Capital Resources” below.
 
Expenses
 
Lease Operating Expenses
Lease operating expenses include expenses such as labor, field office, vehicle, supervision, maintenance, tools and supplies and workover expenses.  Lease operating expenses increased by approximately $26 million or 56% to approximately $72 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, from approximately $46 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011.  Lease operating expenses per Mcfe also increased to $1.67 per Mcfe for the three months ended March 31, 2012, from $1.63 per Mcfe for the three months ended March 31, 2011.  Lease operating expenses increased primarily due to costs associated with properties acquired during 2011 (see Note 2).
 
Transportation Expenses
Transportation expenses increased by approximately $5 million or 80% to approximately $11 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, from approximately $6 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011, primarily due to higher production volumes.
 
General and Administrative Expenses
General and administrative expenses are costs not directly associated with field operations and reflect the costs of employees including executive officers, related benefits, office leases and professional fees.  General and administrative expenses increased by approximately $12 million or 42% to approximately $43 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, from approximately $31 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011.  The increase was primarily due to an increase in acquisition integration expenses of approximately $6 million, an increase in salaries and benefits expense of approximately $3 million, driven primarily by increased employee headcount, and an increase in unit-based compensation expense of approximately $2 million.  General and administrative expenses per Mcfe decreased to $1.01 per Mcfe for the three months ended March 31, 2012, from $1.09 per Mcfe for the three months ended March 31, 2011, due to higher production volumes.
 
Depreciation, Depletion and Amortization
Depreciation, depletion and amortization increased by approximately $51 million or 77% to approximately $117 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, from approximately $66 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011.  Higher total production volumes were the primary reason for the increased expense.  Depreciation, depletion and amortization per Mcfe also increased to $2.74 per Mcfe for the three months ended March 31, 2012, from $2.36 per Mcfe for the three months ended March 31, 2011, primarily due to higher production volumes in operating areas with higher rates.
 
Taxes, Other Than Income Taxes
Taxes, other than income taxes, which consist primarily of severance and ad valorem taxes, increased by approximately $9 million or 60% to approximately $25 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, from approximately $16 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011.  Severance taxes, which are a function of revenues generated from production, increased approximately $5 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2011, primarily due to higher production volumes.  Ad valorem taxes, which are based on the value of reserves and production equipment and vary by location, increased by approximately $4 million compared to the three months ended March 31, 2011, primarily due to property acquisitions in 2011.
 
28

Item 2.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Continued
 
Other Income and (Expenses)
 
   
Three Months Ended
March 31,
     
   
2012
 
2011
 
Variance
   
(in thousands)
                   
Loss on extinguishment of debt
  $     $ (84,562 )   $ 84,562  
Interest expense, net of amounts capitalized
    (77,519 )     (63,464 )     (14,055 )
Other, net
    (3,269 )     (1,746 )     (1,523 )
    $ (80,788 )   $ (149,772 )   $ 68,984  
 
Other income and (expenses) decreased by approximately $69 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, compared to the three months ended March 31, 2011.  Interest expense increased primarily due to higher outstanding debt during the period and higher amortization of financing fees associated with the May 2019 Senior Notes and the November 2019 Senior Notes, as defined in Note 6.  For the three months ended March 31, 2011, the Company recorded a loss on extinguishment of debt of approximately $85 million as a result of the redemptions of and cash tender offers for a portion of the Original Senior Notes, as defined in Note 6.  See “Debt” in “Liquidity and Capital Resources” below for additional details.
 
Income Tax Expense
 
The Company is a limited liability company treated as a partnership for federal and state income tax purposes, with the exception of the state of Texas, with income tax liabilities and/or benefits of the Company passed through to unitholders.  Limited liability companies are subject to Texas margin tax.  Limited liability companies were also subject to state income taxes in Michigan during the three months ended March 31, 2011.  In addition, certain of the Company’s subsidiaries are Subchapter C-corporations subject to federal and state income taxes.  The Company recognized income tax expense of approximately $9 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, compared to approximately $4 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011.  Income tax expense increased primarily due to higher income from the Company’s taxable subsidiaries during the three months ended March 31, 2012, compared to the same period in 2011.
 
Adjusted EBITDA
 
Adjusted EBITDA (a non-GAAP financial measure) increased by approximately $92 million or 44% to approximately $302 million for the three months ended March 31, 2012, from approximately $210 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011.  The increase was primarily due to higher production revenues resulting from higher production volumes and higher oil prices, partially offset by higher expenses and lower natural gas and NGL prices.  See “Non-GAAP Financial Measures” on page 34 for a reconciliation of adjusted EBITDA to its most directly comparable financial measure calculated and presented in accordance with GAAP.
 
29

Item 2.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Continued
 
Liquidity and Capital Resources
 
The Company utilizes funds from equity and debt offerings, bank borrowings and cash flow from operations for capital resources and liquidity.  To date, the primary use of capital has been for acquisitions and the development of oil and natural gas properties.  For the three months ended March 31, 2012, the Company’s capital expenditures, excluding acquisitions, were approximately $259 million.  For 2012, the Company estimates its total capital expenditures, excluding acquisitions, will be approximately $1.0 billion.  Total capital expenditures include approximately $940 million related to the Company’s oil and natural gas capital program and $40 million related to its plant and pipeline capital.  This estimate reflects amounts for the development of properties associated with acquisitions (see Note 2), is under continuous review and subject to ongoing adjustment.  The Company expects to fund these capital expenditures primarily with cash flow from operations and bank borrowings.
 
As the Company pursues growth, it continually monitors the capital resources available to meet future financial obligations and planned capital expenditures.  The Company’s future success in growing reserves and production volumes will be highly dependent on the capital resources available and its success in drilling for or acquiring additional reserves.  The Company actively reviews acquisition opportunities on an ongoing basis.  If the Company were to make significant additional acquisitions for cash, it would need to borrow additional amounts under its Credit Facility, if available, or obtain additional debt or equity financing.  The Company’s Credit Facility and Indentures governing its November 2019 Senior Notes, May 2019 Senior Notes, 2010 Issued Senior Notes and Original Senior Notes impose certain restrictions on the Company’s ability to obtain additional debt financing.  Based upon current expectations, the Company believes liquidity and capital resources will be sufficient to conduct its business and operations.
 
Statements of Cash Flows
 
The following is a comparative cash flow summary:
 
   
Three Months Ended
March 31,
     
   
2012
 
2011
 
Variance
   
(in thousands)
Net cash:
                 
Provided by operating activities (1)
  $ 35,513     $ 107,966     $ (72,453 )
Used in investing activities
    (1,460,555 )     (358,068 )     (1,102,487 )
Provided by financing activities
    1,448,112       209,425       1,238,687  
Net increase (decrease) in cash and cash equivalents
  $ 23,070     $ (40,677 )   $ 63,747  
 
(1)
The three months ended March 31, 2012, include premiums paid for commodity derivatives of approximately $178 million.
 
Operating Activities
Cash provided by operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2012, was approximately $36 million, compared to approximately $108 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011.  The decrease was primarily due to approximately $178 million in premiums paid for commodity derivatives during the three months ended March 31, 2012, compared to no premiums paid during the same period in 2011.  Higher premiums and higher expenses were partially offset by increased revenues primarily due to higher production volumes and higher oil prices.
 
Premiums paid during the three months ended March 31, 2012, were for commodity derivative contracts that hedge future production.  These derivative contracts provide the Company long-term cash flow predictability to manage its business, service debt and pay distributions and are primarily funded through the Company’s Credit Facility.  The amount of derivative contracts the Company enters into in the future will be directly related to expected future production.  See Note 7 and Note 8 for additional details about the Company’s commodity derivatives.
 
30

Item 2.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Continued
 
Investing Activities
The following provides a comparative summary of cash flow from investing activities:
 
   
Three Months Ended
March 31,
   
2012
 
2011
   
(in thousands)
Cash flow from investing activities:
           
Acquisition of oil and natural gas properties
  $ (1,230,304 )   $ (257,349 )
Capital expenditures
    (230,466 )     (99,461 )
Proceeds from sale of properties and equipment and other
    215       (1,258 )
    $ (1,460,555 )   $ (358,068 )
 
The primary use of cash in investing activities is for capital spending, including acquisitions and the development of the Company’s oil and natural gas properties.  Cash used in investing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2012, primarily relates to the acquisition of properties in the Hugoton Basin.  See Note 2 for additional details of acquisitions.
 
Financing Activities
Cash provided by financing activities for the three months ended March 31, 2012, was approximately $1.4 billion, compared to approximately $209 million for the three months ended March 31, 2011.  The increase in financing cash flow needs was primarily attributable to increased acquisitions and development activity during the three months ended March 31, 2012.  The following provides a comparative summary of proceeds from borrowings and repayments of debt:
 
   
Three Months Ended
March 31,
   
2012
 
2011
   
(in thousands)
Proceeds from borrowings:
           
Credit facility
  $ 835,000     $ 160,000  
Senior notes
    1,799,802        
    $ 2,634,802     $ 160,000  
                 
Repayments of debt:
               
Credit facility
  $ (1,700,000 )   $  
Senior notes
          (408,397 )
    $ (1,700,000 )   $ (408,397 )
 
Debt
 
The Company’s Fifth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement (“Credit Facility”) provides for a revolving credit facility up to the lesser of: (i) the then-effective borrowing base and (ii) the maximum commitment amount.  In October 2011, as part of the semi-annual redetermination, a borrowing base of $3.0 billion was approved by the lenders with a maximum commitment amount of $1.5 billion.  In February 2012, lenders approved an increase in the maximum commitment amount to $2.0 billion.  As a result of the Company’s March 2012 debt offering, the borrowing base was reduced from $3.0 billion to $2.6 billion, but the Company’s availability under the facility remains at the maximum commitment amount of $2.0 billion.  The maturity date is April 2016.  At March 31, 2012, available borrowing capacity was approximately $1.9 billion, which includes a $4 million reduction in availability for outstanding letters of credit.
 
31

Item 2.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Continued
 
On March 2, 2012, the Company issued $1.8 billion in aggregate principal amount of 6.25% senior notes due November 2019 (see Note 6) and used the net proceeds of approximately $1.77 billion to fund the Hugoton acquisition (see Note 2).  The remaining proceeds were used to repay indebtedness under its Credit Facility and for general corporate purposes.
 
The Company depends, in part, on its Credit Facility for future capital needs.  In addition, the Company has drawn on the Credit Facility to fund or partially fund quarterly cash distribution payments, since it uses operating cash flow primarily for investing activities and borrows as cash is needed.  Absent such borrowings, the Company would have at times experienced a shortfall in cash available to pay the declared quarterly cash distribution amount.  If an event of default occurs and is continuing under the Credit Facility, the Company would be unable to make borrowings to fund distributions.  For additional information about this matter and other risk factors that could affect the Company, see Item 1A. “Risk Factors.”
 
Counterparty Credit Risk
 
The Company accounts for its commodity derivatives at fair value.  The Company’s counterparties are current participants or affiliates of participants in its Credit Facility or were participants or affiliates of participants in its Credit Facility at the time it originally entered into the derivatives.  The Credit Facility is secured by the Company’s oil, natural gas and NGL reserves; therefore, the Company is not required to post any collateral.  The Company does not receive collateral from its counterparties.  The Company minimizes the credit risk in derivative instruments by: (i) limiting its exposure to any single counterparty; (ii) entering into derivative instruments only with counterparties that meet the Company’s minimum credit quality standard, or have a guarantee from an affiliate that meets the Company’s minimum credit quality standard; and (iii) monitoring the creditworthiness of the Company’s counterparties on an ongoing basis.  In accordance with the Company’s standard practice, its commodity derivatives are subject to counterparty netting under agreements governing such derivatives and therefore the risk of loss due to counterparty nonperformance is somewhat mitigated.
 
Equity Distribution Agreement
 
In August 2011, the Company entered into an equity distribution agreement, pursuant to which it may from time to time issue and sell units representing limited liability company interests having an aggregate offering price of up to $500 million.  Sales of units, if any, will be made through a sales agent by means of ordinary brokers’ transactions, in block transactions, or as otherwise agreed with the agent.  The Company expects to use the net proceeds from any sale of the units for general corporate purposes, which may include, among other things, capital expenditures, acquisitions and the repayment of debt.
 
In January 2012, the Company, under its equity distribution agreement, issued and sold 1,539,651 units representing limited liability company interests at an average unit price of $38.02 for proceeds of approximately $57 million (net of approximately $1 million in commissions).  In connection with the issue and sale of these units, the Company incurred professional service expenses of approximately $100,000.  The Company used the net proceeds for general corporate purposes including the repayment of a portion of the indebtedness outstanding under its Credit Facility.  At March 31, 2012, units equaling approximately $411 million in aggregate offering price remained available to be issued and sold under the agreement.
 
Public Offering of Units
 
In January 2012, the Company sold 19,550,000 units representing limited liability company interests at $35.95 per unit ($34.512 per unit, net of underwriting discount) for net proceeds of approximately $674 million (after underwriting discount and offering expenses of approximately $29 million).  The Company used the net proceeds from the sale of these units to repay a portion of the outstanding indebtedness under its Credit Facility.
 
32

Item 2.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Continued
 
Distributions
 
Under the Company’s limited liability company agreement, the Company’s unitholders are entitled to receive a quarterly distribution of available cash to the extent there is sufficient cash from operations after establishment of cash reserves and payment of fees and expenses.  The following provides a summary of distributions paid by the Company during the three months ended March 31, 2012:
 
Date Paid
 
Period Covered by Distribution
 
Distribution
Per Unit
 
Total
Distribution
             
(in millions)
                 
February 2012
 
October 1 – December 31, 2011
  $ 0.69     $ 138  
 
On April 24, 2012, the Company’s Board of Directors declared a cash distribution of $0.725 per unit, or $2.90 per unit on an annualized basis, with respect to the first quarter of 2012, which represents a 5% increase over the previous quarter.  The distribution, totaling approximately $145 million, will be paid on May 15, 2012, to unitholders of record as of the close of business on May 8, 2012.
 
Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements
 
The Company does not currently have any off-balance sheet arrangements.
 
Contingencies
 
The Company has been named as a defendant in a number of lawsuits, including claims from royalty owners related to disputed royalty payments and royalty valuations.  The Company has established reserves that management currently believes are adequate to provide for potential liabilities based upon its evaluation of these matters.  For a certain statewide class action royalty payment dispute where a reserve has not yet been established, the Company has denied that it has any liability on the claims and has raised arguments and defenses that, if accepted by the court, will result in no loss to the Company.  Discovery in this dispute is ongoing and is not complete.  As a result, the Company is unable to estimate a possible loss, or range of possible loss, if any.  In addition, the Company is involved in various other disputes arising in the ordinary course of business.  The Company is not currently a party to any litigation or pending claims that it believes would have a material adverse effect on its overall business, financial position, results of operations or liquidity; however, cash flow could be significantly impacted in the reporting periods in which such matters are resolved.
 
During the three months ended March 31, 2012, and March 31, 2011, the Company made no significant payments to settle any legal, environmental or tax proceedings.  The Company regularly analyzes current information and accrues for probable liabilities on the disposition of certain matters as necessary.  Liabilities for loss contingencies arising from claims, assessments, litigation or other sources are recorded when it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount can be reasonably estimated.
 
Commitments and Contractual Obligations
 
The Company has contractual obligations for long-term debt, operating leases and other long-term liabilities that were summarized in the table of contractual obligations in the 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K.  With the exception of the issuance of $1.8 billion in aggregate principal amount of 6.25% senior notes due November 2019, there have been no significant changes to the Company’s contractual obligations from December 31, 2011.  See Note 6 for additional information about the Company’s debt instruments.
 
33

Item 2.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Continued
 
Non-GAAP Financial Measures
 
The non-GAAP financial measures of adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income, as defined by the Company, may not be comparable to similarly titled measures used by other companies.  Therefore, these non-GAAP measures should be considered in conjunction with net income and other performance measures prepared in accordance with GAAP, such as operating income or cash flow from operating activities.  Adjusted EBITDA and adjusted net income should not be considered in isolation or as a substitute for GAAP measures, such as net income, operating income or any other GAAP measure of liquidity or financial performance.
 
Adjusted EBITDA (Non-GAAP Measure)
 
Adjusted EBITDA is a measure used by Company management to indicate (prior to the establishment of any reserves by its Board of Directors) the cash distributions the Company expects to make to its unitholders.  Adjusted EBITDA is also a quantitative measure used throughout the investment community with respect to publicly-traded partnerships and limited liability companies.
 
The Company defines adjusted EBITDA as net income (loss) plus the following adjustments:
 
 
·
Net operating cash flow from acquisitions and divestitures, effective date through closing date;
 
·
Interest expense;
 
·
Depreciation, depletion and amortization;
 
·
Impairment of long-lived assets;
 
·
Write-off of deferred financing fees;
 
·
(Gains) losses on sale of assets and other, net;
 
·
Provision for legal matters;
 
·
Loss on extinguishment of debt;
 
·
Unrealized (gains) losses on commodity derivatives;
 
·
Unrealized (gains) losses on interest rate derivatives;
 
·
Realized (gains) losses on interest rate derivatives;
 
·
Realized (gains) losses on canceled derivatives;
 
·
Unit-based compensation expenses;
 
·
Exploration costs; and
 
·
Income tax (benefit) expense.
 
34

Item 2.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Continued
 
The following presents a reconciliation of net loss to adjusted EBITDA:
 
   
Three Months Ended
March 31,
   
2012
 
2011
   
(in thousands)
             
Net loss
  $ (6,202 )   $ (446,682 )
Plus:
               
Net operating cash flow from acquisitions and divestitures, effective date through closing date
    39,093       7,051  
Interest expense, cash
    42,879       63,590  
Interest expense, noncash
    34,640       (126 )
Depreciation, depletion and amortization
    117,276       66,366  
Write-off of deferred financing fees
    1,660        
(Gains) losses on sale of assets and other, net
    1,435       (823 )
Provision for legal matters
    635       492  
Loss on extinguishment of debt
          84,562  
Unrealized losses on commodity derivatives
    53,224       425,285  
Unit-based compensation expenses
    8,171       5,638  
Exploration costs
    410       445  
Income tax expense
    8,918       4,198  
Adjusted EBITDA
  $ 302,139     $ 209,996  
 
The following presents a reconciliation of net cash provided by operating activities to adjusted EBITDA:
 
Net cash provided by operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2012, was approximately $36 million and includes cash interest payments of approximately $43 million, premiums paid for commodity derivatives of approximately $178 million and other items totaling approximately $45 million that are not included in adjusted EBITDA.  Net cash provided by operating activities for the three months ended March 31, 2011, was approximately $108 million and includes cash interest payments of approximately $63 million and other items totaling approximately $39 million that are not included in adjusted EBITDA.
 
Adjusted Net Income (Non-GAAP Measure)
 
Adjusted net income is a performance measure used by Company management to evaluate its operational performance from oil and natural gas properties, prior to unrealized (gains) losses on derivatives, realized (gains) losses on canceled derivatives, impairment of long-lived assets, loss on extinguishment of debt and (gains) losses on sale of assets, net.
 
35

Item 2.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Continued
 
The following presents a reconciliation of net loss to adjusted net income:
 
   
Three Months Ended
March 31,
   
2012
 
2011
   
(in thousands, except per unit
amounts)
             
Net loss
  $ (6,202 )   $ (446,682 )
Plus:
               
Unrealized losses on commodity derivatives
    53,224       425,285  
Loss on extinguishment of debt
          84,562  
(Gains) losses on sale of assets, net
    1,400       (858 )
Adjusted net income
  $ 48,422     $ 62,307  
                 
Net loss per unit – basic
  $ (0.04 )   $ (2.75 )
Plus, per unit:
               
Unrealized losses on commodity derivatives
    0.28       2.62  
Loss on extinguishment of debt
          0.52  
(Gains) losses on sale of assets, net
    0.01       (0.01 )
Adjusted net income per unit – basic
  $ 0.25     $ 0.38  
 
Regulatory Matters
 
On April 17, 2012, the Environmental Protection Agency (“EPA”) issued final rules that subject oil and natural gas production, processing, transmission and storage operations to regulation under the New Source Performance Standards (“NSPS”) and National Emission Standards for Hazardous Air Pollutants (“NESHAP”) programs.  The EPA rules include NSPS standards for completions of hydraulically fractured natural gas wells.  Before January 1, 2015, these standards require owners/operators to reduce VOC emissions from natural gas not sent to the gathering line during well completion either by flaring using a completion combustion device or by capturing the natural gas using green completions with a completion combustion device.  Beginning January 1, 2015, operators must capture the natural gas and make it available for use or sale, which can be done through the use of green completions.  The standards are applicable to newly fractured wells and also existing wells that are refractured.  Further, the finalized regulations also establish specific new requirements, effective in 2012, for emissions from compressors, controllers, dehydrators, storage tanks, natural gas processing plants and certain other equipment.  These rules may require changes to the Company’s operations, including the installation of new equipment to control emissions.  The Company is currently evaluating the effect these rules will have on its business.
 
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
 
The discussion and analysis of the Company’s financial condition and results of operations is based upon the condensed consolidated financial statements, which have been prepared in accordance with GAAP.  The preparation of these financial statements requires the Company to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets, liabilities, revenues and expenses, and related disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities.  Certain accounting policies involve judgments and uncertainties to such an extent that there is reasonable likelihood that materially different amounts could have been reported under different conditions, or if different assumptions had been used.  The Company evaluates its estimates and assumptions on a regular basis.  The Company bases estimates on historical experience and various other assumptions that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources.  Actual results may differ from these estimates and assumptions used in the preparation of financial statements.
 
36

Item 2.
Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations - Continued
 
Recently Issued Accounting Standards
 
For a discussion of recently issued accounting standards, see Note 1 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
Cautionary Statement
 
This Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q contains forward-looking statements that are subject to a number of risks and uncertainties, many of which are beyond the Company’s control.  These statements may include content about the Company’s:
 
 
·
business strategy;
 
·
acquisition strategy;
 
·
financial strategy;
 
·
drilling locations;
 
·
oil, natural gas and NGL reserves;
 
·
realized oil, natural gas and NGL prices;
 
·
production volumes;
 
·
lease operating expenses, general and administrative expenses and development costs;
 
·
future operating results; and
 
·
plans, objectives, expectations and intentions.
 
All of these types of statements, other than statements of historical fact included in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q, are forward-looking statements.  These forward-looking statements may be found in Item 2.  In some cases, forward-looking statements can be identified by terminology such as “may,” “will,” “could,” “should,” “expect,” “plan,” “project,” “intend,” “anticipate,” “believe,” “estimate,” “predict,” “potential,” “pursue,” “target,” “continue,” the negative of such terms or other comparable terminology.
 
The forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are largely based on Company expectations, which reflect estimates and assumptions made by Company management.  These estimates and assumptions reflect management’s best judgment based on currently known market conditions and other factors.  Although the Company believes such estimates and assumptions to be reasonable, they are inherently uncertain and involve a number of risks and uncertainties beyond its control.  In addition, management’s assumptions may prove to be inaccurate.  The Company cautions that the forward-looking statements contained in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q are not guarantees of future performance, and it cannot assure any reader that such statements will be realized or the forward-looking statements or events will occur.  Actual results may differ materially from those anticipated or implied in forward-looking statements due to factors set forth in Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in the Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011, and elsewhere in the Annual Report.  The forward-looking statements speak only as of the date made and, other than as required by law, the Company undertakes no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.
 
37

The primary objective of the following information is to provide forward-looking quantitative and qualitative information about potential exposure to market risks.  The term “market risk” refers to the risk of loss arising from adverse changes in commodity prices and interest rates.  The disclosures are not meant to be precise indicators of expected future losses, but rather indicators of reasonably possible losses.  This forward-looking information provides indicators of how the Company views and manages its ongoing market risk exposures.  All of the Company’s market risk sensitive instruments were entered into for purposes other than trading.
 
The following should be read in conjunction with the financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q and in the Company’s 2011 Annual Report on Form 10-K.  A reference to a “Note” herein refers to the accompanying Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements contained in Item 1. “Financial Statements.”
 
Commodity Price Risk
 
The Company enters into derivative contracts with respect to a portion of its projected production through various transactions that provide an economic hedge of the risk related to the future prices received.  The Company does not enter into derivative contracts for trading purposes (see Note 7).  At March 31, 2012, the fair value of fixed price swaps and put contracts that settle during the next 12 months was a net asset of approximately $323 million.  A 10% increase in the index oil and natural gas prices above the March 31, 2012, prices for the next 12 months would result in a net asset of approximately $171 million which represents a decrease in the fair value of approximately $152 million; conversely, a 10% decrease in the index oil and natural gas prices would result in a net asset of approximately $480 million which represents an increase in the fair value of approximately $157 million.
 
Interest Rate Risk
 
At March 31, 2012, the Company had long-term debt outstanding under its Credit Facility of approximately $75 million, which incurred interest at floating rates (see Note 6).  A 1% increase in the London Interbank Offered Rate (“LIBOR”) would result in an estimated $1 million increase in annual interest expense.
 
Counterparty Credit Risk
 
The Company accounts for its commodity derivatives at fair value on a recurring basis (see Note 8).  The fair value of these derivative financial instruments includes the impact of assumed credit risk adjustments, which are based on the Company’s and counterparties’ published credit ratings, public bond yield spreads and credit default swap spreads, as applicable.
 
At March 31, 2012, the average public bond yield spread utilized to estimate the impact of the Company’s credit risk on derivative liabilities was approximately 4.21%.  A 1% increase in the average public bond yield spread would result in an estimated $150,000 increase in net income for the three months ended March 31, 2012.  At March 31, 2012, the credit default swap spreads utilized to estimate the impact of counterparties’ credit risk on derivative assets ranged between 0.00% and 4.01%.  A 1% increase in each of the counterparties’ credit default swap spreads would result in an estimated $4 million decrease in net income for the three months ended March 31, 2012.
 
38

Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
 
The Company maintains disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that information required to be disclosed in the Company’s reports under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”) is recorded, processed, summarized and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to management, including the Company’s Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, and the Company’s Audit Committee of the Board of Directors, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure.  In designing and evaluating the disclosure controls and procedures, management recognizes that any controls and procedures, no matter how well designed and operated, can provide only reasonable assurance of achieving the desired control objectives, and management is required to apply its judgment in evaluating the cost-benefit relationship of possible controls and procedures.
 
The Company carried out an evaluation under the supervision and with the participation of its management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of its disclosure controls and procedures as of the end of the period covered by this report.  Based on this evaluation, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that the Company’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of March 31, 2012.
 
Changes in the Company’s Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
 
The Company’s management is also responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal controls over financial reporting, as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) of the Exchange Act.  The Company’s internal controls were designed to provide reasonable assurance as to the reliability of its financial reporting and the preparation and presentation of the condensed consolidated financial statements for external purposes in accordance with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States.
 
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not detect or prevent misstatements.  Projections of any evaluation of the effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
 
There were no changes in the Company’s internal controls over financial reporting during the first quarter of 2012 that materially affected, or were reasonably likely to materially affect, the Company’s internal control over financial reporting.
 
39

Item 1.       Legal Proceedings
 
For a discussion of general legal proceedings, see Note 10 of Notes to Condensed Consolidated Financial Statements.
 
Item 1A.    Risk Factors
 
Our business has many risks.  Factors that could materially adversely affect our business, financial position, results of operations, liquidity or the trading price of our units are described in Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2011.  As of the date of this report, these risk factors have not changed materially.  This information should be considered carefully, together with other information in this report and other reports and materials we file with the SEC.
 
Item 2.       Unregistered Sales of Equity Securities and Use of Proceeds
 
Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities
 
In October 2008, the Board of Directors of the Company authorized the repurchase of up to $100 million of the Company’s outstanding units from time to time on the open market or in negotiated purchases.  The repurchase plan does not obligate the Company to acquire any specific number of units and may be discontinued at any time.  The Company did not repurchase any units during the three months ended March 31, 2012.  At March 31, 2012, approximately $56 million was available for unit repurchase under the program.
 
Item 3.       Defaults Upon Senior Securities
 
None
 
Item 4.       Mine Safety Disclosures
 
Not applicable
 
Item 5.       Other Information
 
The Company’s 2012 Annual Meeting of Unitholders was held on April 24, 2012.  Set forth below are descriptions of the matters voted on at the meeting and the results of the votes taken at the meeting.
 
1.  
To elect six directors to the Company’s Board of Directors to serve until the 2013 Annual Meeting of Unitholders.
 
 
Name of Director
 
Votes For
   
Votes Against
or Withheld
 
             
George A. Alcorn
    57,842,710       1,685,300  
Mark E. Ellis
    58,315,074       1,212,936  
Terrence S. Jacobs
    57,946,748       1,581,262  
Michael C. Linn
    58,187,246       1,340,764  
Joseph P. McCoy
    57,946,614       1,581,396  
Jeffrey C. Swoveland
    57,906,204       1,621,806  
Item 5.       Other Information - Continued

2.  
To ratify the appointment of KPMG LLP as independent auditor of the Company for the fiscal year ending December 31, 2012.
 
Votes For
   
Votes Against
or Withheld
   
Abstentions
 
               
  171,069,765       1,290,921       459,446  
 
The Company is a limited liability company and its units representing limited liability company interests (“units”) are listed on the NASDAQ Global Select Market.  The SEC’s taxonomy for interactive data reporting does not contain tags that include the term “units” for all existing equity accounts; therefore, in certain instances, the Company has used tags that refer to “shares” or “stock” rather than “units” in its interactive data exhibit.  These tags were selected to enhance comparability between the Company and its peers and it should not be inferred from the usage of these tags that an investment in the Company is in any form other than “units” as described above.  The Company’s interactive data files are included as Exhibit 101 to this Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q.
 
41

Exhibit Number
 
Description
2
.1*
Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated as of February 27, 2012, between BP America Production Company and Linn Energy Holdings, LLC
2
.2*
Purchase and Sale Agreement, dated as of March 9, 2012, between Southwestern Energy Production Company and Linn Energy Holdings, LLC
4
.1
Indenture, dated March 2, 2012, among Linn Energy, LLC, Linn Energy Finance Corp., the Subsidiary Guarantors named therein and U. S. Bank National Association, as trustee (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.1 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 2, 2012)
4
.2
Registration Rights Agreement, dated March 2, 2012, among Linn Energy, LLC, Linn Energy Finance Corp., the Subsidiary Guarantors named therein and the representatives of the Initial Purchasers named therein (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 4.2 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 2, 2012)
10
.1
First Amendment to Fifth Amended and Restated Credit Agreement, dated February 29, 2012, among Linn Energy, LLC, BNP Paribas, as administrative agent, and the other agents and lenders party thereto (incorporated herein by reference to Exhibit 1.2 to Current Report on Form 8-K filed on March 2, 2012)
10 .2*
Salt Creek EOR Participation Agreement, dated April 3, 2012, by and between Howell Petroleum Corporation and Linn Energy Holdings, LLC
31
.1*
Section 302 Certification of Mark E. Ellis, Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of Linn Energy, LLC
31
.2*
Section 302 Certification of Kolja Rockov, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Linn Energy, LLC
32
.1*
Section 906 Certification of Mark E. Ellis, Chairman, President and Chief Executive Officer of Linn Energy, LLC
32
.2*
Section 906 Certification of Kolja Rockov, Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer of Linn Energy, LLC
101
.INS**
XBRL Instance Document
101
.SCH**
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Schema Document
101
.CAL**
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Calculation Linkbase Document
101
.DEF**
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Definition Linkbase Document
101
.LAB**
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Label Linkbase Document
101
.PRE**
XBRL Taxonomy Extension Presentation Linkbase Document
 
*
Filed herewith.
 
**
Furnished herewith.
 
42

SIGNATURE
 
Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.
 
 
LINN ENERGY, LLC
 
(Registrant)
   
   
Date: April 26, 2012
/s/  David B. Rottino
 
David B. Rottino
   
Senior Vice President of Finance, Business Development
   
and Chief Accounting Officer
 
(As Duly Authorized Officer and Chief Accounting Officer)
 
43