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Table of Contents

UNITED STATES
SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION
Washington, D.C. 20549
FORM 10-Q
ý
QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE
    SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the quarterly period ended March 31, 2017
OR
¨
TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15 (d) OF THE
    SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934
For the transition period from                      to                     
Commission file number 1-5975
HUMANA INC.
(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)
 
Delaware
 
61-0647538
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)
 
(I.R.S. Employer
Identification Number)
500 West Main Street
Louisville, Kentucky 40202
(Address of principal executive offices, including zip code)
(502) 580-1000
(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)
 
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  ý    No  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Data File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  ý    No  ¨
Indicate by checkmark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, a smaller reporting company, or an emerging growth company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer”, “smaller reporting company” and "emerging growth company" in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):
Large accelerated filer
ý
 
Accelerated filer
¨
 
 
 
 
 
Non-accelerated filer
¨
 
Smaller reporting company
¨
 
 
 
 
 
Emerging growth company
¨
 
 
 
If an emerging growth company, indicate by check mark if the registrant has elected not to use the extended transition period for complying with any new or revised financial accounting standards pursuant to Section 13(a) of the Exchange Act.  ¨
Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act).    Yes  ¨    No  ý
Indicate the number of shares outstanding of each of the issuer’s classes of common stock as of the latest practicable date.
Class of Common Stock
Outstanding at
March 31, 2017
$0.16 2/3 par value
144,314,925 shares

Table of Contents

Humana Inc.
FORM 10-Q
MARCH 31, 2017
INDEX
 
 
Page
Part I: Financial Information
 
Item 1.
Financial Statements (Unaudited)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 2.
 
 
 
Item 3.
 
 
 
Item 4.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Item 1.
 
 
 
Item 1A.
 
 
 
Item 2.
 
 
 
Item 3.
 
 
 
Item 4.
 
 
 
Item 5.
 
 
 
Item 6.
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Certifications
 




Humana Inc.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(Unaudited)
 
March 31,
2017
 
December 31,
2016
 
(in millions, except share amounts)
ASSETS
 
 
 
Current assets:
 
 
 
Cash and cash equivalents
$
8,425

 
$
3,877

Investment securities
8,205

 
7,595

Receivables, less allowance for doubtful accounts of $113 in 2017
and $118 in 2016:
1,838

 
1,280

Other current assets
3,849

 
3,438

Total current assets
22,317

 
16,190

Property and equipment, net
1,525

 
1,505

Long-term investment securities
2,424

 
2,203

Goodwill
3,279

 
3,272

Other long-term assets
2,167

 
2,226

Total assets
$
31,712

 
$
25,396

LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
 
 
 
Current liabilities:
 
 
 
Benefits payable
$
4,761

 
$
4,563

Trade accounts payable and accrued expenses
4,675

 
2,467

Book overdraft
178

 
212

Unearned revenues
3,420

 
280

Short-term borrowings
470

 
300

Total current liabilities
13,504

 
7,822

Long-term debt
4,780

 
3,792

Future policy benefits payable
2,827

 
2,834

Other long-term liabilities
367

 
263

Total liabilities
21,478

 
14,711

Commitments and contingencies

 

Stockholders’ equity:
 
 
 
Preferred stock, $1 par; 10,000,000 shares authorized; none issued
—

 
—

Common stock, $0.16 2/3 par; 300,000,000 shares authorized;
198,565,891 shares issued at March 31, 2017 and 198,495,007 shares
issued at December 31, 2016
33

 
33

Capital in excess of par value
2,246

 
2,562

Retained earnings
12,509

 
11,454

Accumulated other comprehensive loss
(58
)
 
(66
)
Treasury stock, at cost, 54,250,966 shares at March 31, 2017 and
49,189,811 shares at December 31, 2016
(4,496
)
 
(3,298
)
Total stockholders’ equity
10,234

 
10,685

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity
$
31,712

 
$
25,396

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

3

Humana Inc.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF INCOME
(Unaudited)
 
 
Three months ended
March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
(in millions, except per share results)
Revenues:
 
 
 
Premiums
$
13,398

 
$
13,440

Services
253

 
260

Investment income
111

 
100

Total revenues
13,762

 
13,800

Operating expenses:
 
 
 
Benefits
11,326

 
11,397

Operating costs
1,553

 
1,734

Merger termination fee and related costs, net
(947
)
 
34

Depreciation and amortization
92

 
88

Total operating expenses
12,024

 
13,253

Income from operations
1,738

 
547

Interest expense
49

 
47

Income before income taxes
1,689

 
500

Provision for income taxes
574

 
246

Net income
$
1,115

 
$
254

Basic earnings per common share
$
7.54

 
$
1.70

Diluted earnings per common share
$
7.49

 
$
1.68

Dividends declared per common share
$
0.40

 
$
0.29

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

4

Humana Inc.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF COMPREHENSIVE INCOME
(Unaudited)
 
Three months ended
March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
(in millions)
Net income
$
1,115

 
$
254

Other comprehensive income:
 
 
 
Change in gross unrealized investment
gains/losses
38

 
48

Effect of income taxes
(14
)
 
(17
)
Total change in unrealized
investment gains/losses, net of tax
24

 
31

Reclassification adjustment for net
realized gains included in
investment income
(26
)
 
(20
)
Effect of income taxes
10

 
7

Total reclassification adjustment, net
of tax
(16
)
 
(13
)
Other comprehensive income, net
of tax
8

 
18

Comprehensive income
$
1,123

 
$
272

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

5

Humana Inc.
CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOWS
(Unaudited)
 
For the three months ended
March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
(in millions)
Cash flows from operating activities
 
 
 
Net income
$
1,115

 
$
254

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash provided by
operating activities:
 
 
 
Net realized capital gains
(26
)
 
(20
)
Stock-based compensation
26

 
23

Depreciation
100

 
94

Other intangible amortization
18

 
21

Provision for deferred income taxes
29

 
15

Changes in operating assets and liabilities, net of effect of
businesses acquired and dispositions:
 
 
 
Receivables
(558
)
 
(576
)
Other assets
(415
)
 
(685
)
Benefits payable
198

 
138

Other liabilities
542

 
1,210

Unearned revenues
3,140

 
(4
)
Other, net
36

 
32

Net cash provided by operating activities
4,205

 
502

Cash flows from investing activities
 
 
 
Acquisitions, net of cash acquired
(7
)
 
—

Purchases of property and equipment
(122
)
 
(125
)
Purchases of investment securities
(1,876
)
 
(1,430
)
Maturities of investment securities
284

 
213

Proceeds from sales of investment securities
795

 
914

Net cash used in investing activities
(926
)
 
(428
)
Cash flows from financing activities
 
 
 
Receipts from contract deposits, net
1,730

 
318

Proceeds from issuance of senior notes, net
991

 
—

Proceeds from issuance of commercial paper, net
169

 
—

Change in book overdraft
(34
)
 
(44
)
Common stock repurchases
(1,574
)
 
(71
)
Dividends paid
(47
)
 
(47
)
Proceeds from stock option exercises and other
34

 
—

Net cash provided by financing activities
1,269

 
156

Increase in cash and cash equivalents
4,548

 
230

Cash and cash equivalents at beginning of period
3,877

 
2,571

Cash and cash equivalents at end of period
$
8,425

 
$
2,801

Supplemental cash flow disclosures:
 
 
 
Interest payments
$
10

 
$
10

Income tax (refunds) payments, net
$
(4
)
 
$
5

See accompanying notes to condensed consolidated financial statements.

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Humana Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS
(Unaudited)


1. BASIS OF PRESENTATION AND SIGNIFICANT EVENTS
The accompanying condensed consolidated financial statements are presented in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles for interim financial information and with the instructions to Form 10-Q and Article 10 of Regulation S-X. Accordingly, they do not include all of the disclosures normally required by accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, or GAAP, or those normally made in an Annual Report on Form 10-K. The year-end condensed consolidated balance sheet data was derived from audited financial statements, but does not include all disclosures required by GAAP. For further information, the reader of this Form 10-Q should refer to our Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2016, that was filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission, or the SEC, on February 17, 2017. We refer to the Form 10-K as the “2016 Form 10-K” in this document. References throughout this document to “we,” “us,” “our,” “Company,” and “Humana” mean Humana Inc. and its subsidiaries.
The preparation of our condensed consolidated financial statements in accordance with GAAP requires us to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the condensed consolidated financial statements and accompanying notes. The areas involving the most significant use of estimates are the estimation of benefits payable, future policy benefits payable, the impact of risk adjustment provisions related to our Medicare contracts, the valuation and related impairment recognition of investment securities, and the valuation and related impairment recognition of long-lived assets, including goodwill. These estimates are based on knowledge of current events and anticipated future events, and accordingly, actual results may ultimately differ materially from those estimates. Refer to Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements included in our 2016 Form 10-K for information on accounting policies that we consider in preparing our consolidated financial statements.
The financial information has been prepared in accordance with our customary accounting practices and has not been audited. In our opinion, the information presented reflects all adjustments necessary for a fair statement of interim results. All such adjustments are of a normal and recurring nature.
Aetna Merger
On July 2, 2015, we entered into an Agreement and Plan of Merger, which we refer to in this report as the Merger Agreement, with Aetna Inc. and certain wholly owned subsidiaries of Aetna Inc., which we refer to collectively as Aetna, which set forth the terms and conditions under which we agreed to merge with, and become a wholly owned subsidiary of Aetna, a transaction we refer to in this report as the Merger.
The Merger was subject to customary closing conditions, including, among other things, (i) the expiration or termination of the applicable waiting period under the Hart-Scott-Rodino Antitrust Improvements Act of 1976, as amended, and the receipt of necessary approvals under state insurance and healthcare laws and regulations and pursuant to certain licenses of certain of Humana’s subsidiaries, and (ii) the absence of legal restraints and prohibitions on the consummation of the Merger.
On July 21, 2016, the U.S. Department of Justice and the attorneys general of certain U.S. jurisdictions filed a civil antitrust complaint in the U.S. District Court for the District of Columbia against us and Aetna, alleging that the Merger would violate Section 7 of the Clayton Antitrust Act and seeking a permanent injunction to prevent the Merger from being completed. On January 23, 2017, the Court ruled in favor of the DOJ and granted a permanent injunction of the proposed transaction. On February 14, 2017, we and Aetna agreed to mutually terminate the Merger Agreement, as our Board determined that an appeal of the Court's ruling would not be in the best interest of our stockholders. On February 16, 2017, under terms of the Merger Agreement, we received a breakup fee of $1 billion from Aetna , which is included in our condensed consolidated statement of income in the line captioned Merger termination fee and related costs, net. Prior period Merger related transaction costs, previously included in operating costs, have been recast to conform to the 2017 presentation.
Business Segment Reclassifications
During the three months ended March 31, 2017, we realigned certain of our businesses among our reportable segments to correspond with internal management reporting changes and our previously announced planned exit from

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Humana Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(Unaudited)

the individual commercial medical business on January 1, 2018. Additionally, we renamed our Group segment to the Group and Specialty segment, and began presenting the individual commercial business results as a separate segment rather than as part of the Retail segment. Specialty health insurance benefits, including dental, vision, other supplement health, and financial protection products, marketed to individuals are now included in the Group and Specialty segment. Specialty health insurance benefits marketed to employer groups continue to be included in the Group and Specialty segment. As a result of this realignment, our reportable segments now include Retail, Group and Specialty, Healthcare Services, and Individual Commercial. Prior period segment financial information has been recast to conform to the 2017 presentation. See Note 15 for segment financial information.
2. RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS
In May 2014, the Financial Accounting Standards Board, or FASB, issued new guidance that amends the accounting for revenue recognition. The amendments are intended to provide a more robust framework for addressing revenue issues, improve comparability of revenue recognition practices, and improve disclosure requirements. Insurance contracts are not included in the scope of this new guidance. Accordingly, our premiums revenue and investment income, collectively representing approximately 98% of our consolidated external revenues for 2016, are not included in the scope of the new guidance. We are analyzing how we may recognize revenue under the new guidance by reviewing selected sample contracts presently in place. The new guidance is effective for us beginning with annual and interim periods in 2018. While we expect revenue related to our Pharmacy, Provider Services, ASO and other services businesses to remain primarily unchanged, we are still evaluating the impact of the new guidance on the customer arrangements for these businesses. Accordingly, we continue to evaluate the impact of the new standard on our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
In February 2016, the FASB issued new guidance related to accounting for leases which requires lessees to record
assets and liabilities reflecting the leased assets and lease obligations, respectively, while following the dual model for recognition in statements of income requiring leases to be classified as either operating or finance. Operating leases will result in straight-line expense (similar to current operating leases) while finance leases will result in a front-loaded expense pattern (similar to current capital leases). The new guidance is effective for us beginning with annual and interim periods in 2019, with earlier adoption permitted, and requires retrospective application to previously issued annual and interim financial statements. We have begun the process of identifying the population of lease agreements and other arrangements that may contain embedded leases for purposes of adopting the new standard. While we expect to record significant leased assets and corresponding lease obligations based on our existing population of individual leases, we continue to evaluate the impact on our results of operations, financial position and cash flows.
In June 2016, the FASB issued guidance introducing a new model for recognizing credit losses on financial instruments based on an estimate of current expected credit losses. The guidance is effective for us beginning January 1, 2019. The new current expected credit losses (CECL) model generally calls for the immediate recognition of all expected credit losses and applies to loans, accounts and trade receivables as well as other financial assets measured at amortized cost, loan commitments and off-balance sheet credit exposures, debt securities and other financial assets measured at fair value through other comprehensive income, and beneficial interests in securitized financial assets. The
new guidance replaces the current incurred loss model for measuring expected credit losses, requires expected losses
on available-for-sale debt securities to be recognized through an allowance for credit losses rather than as reductions
in the amortized cost of the securities, and provides for additional disclosure requirements. Our investment portfolio consists of available for sale debt securities. We are currently evaluating the impact on our results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows.
In March 2017, the FASB issued new guidance that amends the accounting for premium amortization on purchased callable debt securities by shortening the amortization period. This amended guidance requires the premium to be amortized to the earliest call date. The new guidance is effective for us beginning with annual and interim periods in 2019. We do not expect adoption of this guidance will have a material impact on our results of operations, financial condition and cash flows.
There are no other recently issued accounting standards that apply to us or that are expected to have a material impact on our results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows.

8
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Humana Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(Unaudited)

3. ACQUISITIONS AND DIVESTITURES
During 2017 and 2016, we acquired health and wellness related businesses which, individually or in the aggregate, have not had a material impact on our results of operations, financial condition, or cash flows. The results of operations and financial condition of these businesses have been included in our condensed consolidated statements of income and condensed consolidated balance sheets from the respective acquisition dates. Acquisition-related costs recognized in the first quarter of 2017 and 2016 were not material to our results of operations. The pro forma financial information assuming the acquisitions had occurred as of the beginning of the calendar year prior to the year of acquisition, as well as the revenues and earnings generated during the year of acquisition, were not material for disclosure purposes.
4. INVESTMENT SECURITIES
Investment securities classified as current and long-term were as follows at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively:
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Gross
Unrealized
Gains
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
(in millions)
March 31, 2017
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury and other U.S. government
corporations and agencies:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury and agency obligations
$
833

 
$
—

 
$
(12
)
 
$
821

Mortgage-backed securities
1,645

 
4

 
(31
)
 
1,618

Tax-exempt municipal securities
3,408

 
9

 
(48
)
 
3,369

Mortgage-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential
8

 
—

 
—

 
8

Commercial
412

 
1

 
(4
)
 
409

Asset-backed securities
132

 
—

 
—

 
132

Corporate debt securities
4,198

 
144

 
(70
)
 
4,272

Total debt securities
$
10,636

 
$
158

 
$
(165
)
 
$
10,629

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury and other U.S. government
corporations and agencies:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury and agency obligations
$
800

 
$
1

 
$
(15
)
 
$
786

Mortgage-backed securities
1,662

 
6

 
(31
)
 
1,637

Tax-exempt municipal securities
3,358

 
15

 
(68
)
 
3,305

Mortgage-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential
9

 
—

 
—

 
9

Commercial
307

 
1

 
(4
)
 
304

Asset-backed securities
160

 
—

 
—

 
160

Corporate debt securities
3,530

 
145

 
(78
)
 
3,597

Total debt securities
$
9,826

 
$
168

 
$
(196
)
 
$
9,798


9
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Humana Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(Unaudited)

Gross unrealized losses and fair values aggregated by investment category and length of time that individual securities have been in a continuous unrealized loss position were as follows at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively:
 
Less than 12 months
 
12 months or more
 
Total
 
Fair
Value
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
Fair
Value
 
Gross
Unrealized
Losses
 
(in millions)
March 31, 2017
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury and other U.S.
government corporations
and agencies:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury and agency
obligations
$
705

 
$
(12
)
 
$
3

 
$
—

 
$
708

 
$
(12
)
Mortgage-backed
securities
1,565

 
(31
)
 
3

 
—

 
1,568

 
(31
)
Tax-exempt municipal
securities
2,493

 
(47
)
 
25

 
(1
)
 
2,518

 
(48
)
Mortgage-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential
—

 
—

 
4

 
—

 
4

 
—

Commercial
190

 
(3
)
 
8

 
(1
)
 
198

 
(4
)
Asset-backed securities
65

 
—

 
52

 
—

 
117

 
—

Corporate debt securities
1,710

 
(65
)
 
70

 
(5
)
 
1,780

 
(70
)
Total debt securities
$
6,728

 
$
(158
)
 
$
165

 
$
(7
)
 
$
6,893

 
$
(165
)
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury and other U.S.
government corporations
and agencies:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury and agency
obligations
$
697

 
$
(15
)
 
$
3

 
$
—

 
$
700

 
$
(15
)
Mortgage-backed
securities
1,528

 
(31
)
 
3

 
—

 
1,531

 
(31
)
Tax-exempt municipal
securities
2,756

 
(67
)
 
43

 
(1
)
 
2,799

 
(68
)
Mortgage-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential
—

 
—

 
4

 
—

 
4

 
—

Commercial
182

 
(3
)
 
24

 
(1
)
 
206

 
(4
)
Asset-backed securities
51

 
—

 
63

 
—

 
114

 
—

Corporate debt securities
1,544

 
(71
)
 
69

 
(7
)
 
1,613

 
(78
)
Total debt securities
$
6,758

 
$
(187
)
 
$
209

 
$
(9
)
 
$
6,967

 
$
(196
)
Approximately 98% of our debt securities were investment-grade quality, with a weighted average credit rating of AA by S&P at March 31, 2017. Most of the debt securities that were below investment-grade were rated BB, the higher end of the below investment-grade rating scale. Tax-exempt municipal securities were diversified among general obligation bonds of states and local municipalities in the United States as well as special revenue bonds issued by municipalities to finance specific public works projects such as utilities, water and sewer, transportation, or education. Our general obligation bonds are diversified across the United States with no individual state exceeding 9%. In addition, 2% of our tax-exempt securities were insured by bond insurers and had an equivalent weighted average

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Humana Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(Unaudited)

S&P credit rating of AA- exclusive of the bond insurers’ guarantee. Our investment policy limits investments in a single issuer and requires diversification among various asset types.
Our unrealized losses from all securities were generated from approximately 970 positions out of a total of approximately 2,220 positions at March 31, 2017. All issuers of securities we own that were trading at an unrealized loss at March 31, 2017 remain current on all contractual payments. After taking into account these and other factors previously described, we believe these unrealized losses primarily were caused by an increase in market interest rates in the current markets since the time the securities were purchased. At March 31, 2017, we did not intend to sell the securities with an unrealized loss position in accumulated other comprehensive income, and it is not likely that we will be required to sell these securities before recovery of their amortized cost basis. As a result, we believe that the securities with an unrealized loss were not other-than-temporarily impaired at March 31, 2017.
The detail of realized gains (losses) related to investment securities and included within investment income was as follows for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016:
 
Three months ended
March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
(in millions)
Gross realized gains
$
27

 
$
31

Gross realized losses
(1
)
 
(11
)
Net realized capital gains
$
26


$
20

There were no material other-than-temporary impairments for the three months ended March 31, 2017 or 2016.
The contractual maturities of debt securities available for sale at March 31, 2017, regardless of their balance sheet classification, are shown below. Expected maturities may differ from contractual maturities because borrowers may have the right to call or prepay obligations with or without call or prepayment penalties.
 
Amortized
Cost
 
Fair
Value
 
(in millions)
Due within one year
$
561

 
$
562

Due after one year through five years
2,764

 
2,770

Due after five years through ten years
2,188

 
2,153

Due after ten years
2,926

 
2,977

Mortgage and asset-backed securities
2,197

 
2,167

Total debt securities
$
10,636

 
$
10,629


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Humana Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(Unaudited)

5. FAIR VALUE
Financial Assets
The following table summarizes our fair value measurements at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016, respectively, for financial assets measured at fair value on a recurring basis:
 
Fair Value Measurements Using
 
Fair
Value
 
Quoted Prices
in Active
Markets
(Level 1)
 
Other
Observable
Inputs
(Level 2)
 
Unobservable
Inputs
(Level 3)
 
(in millions)
March 31, 2017
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash equivalents
$
8,034

 
$
8,034

 
$
—

 
$
—

Debt securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury and other U.S. government
corporations and agencies:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury and agency obligations
821

 
—

 
821

 
—

Mortgage-backed securities
1,618

 
—

 
1,618

 
—

Tax-exempt municipal securities
3,369

 
—

 
3,366

 
3

Mortgage-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential
8

 
—

 
8

 
—

Commercial
409

 
—

 
409

 
—

Asset-backed securities
132

 
—

 
132

 
—

Corporate debt securities
4,272

 
—

 
4,268

 
4

Total debt securities
10,629

 
—

 
10,622

 
7

Total invested assets
$
18,663

 
$
8,034

 
$
10,622

 
$
7

 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
December 31, 2016
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Cash equivalents
$
3,654

 
$
3,654

 
$
—

 
$
—

Debt securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury and other U.S. government
corporations and agencies:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
U.S. Treasury and agency obligations
786

 
—

 
786

 
—

Mortgage-backed securities
1,637

 
—

 
1,637

 
—

Tax-exempt municipal securities
3,305

 
—

 
3,302

 
3

Mortgage-backed securities:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Residential
9

 
—

 
9

 
—

Commercial
304

 
—

 
304

 
—

Asset-backed securities
160

 
—

 
160

 
—

Corporate debt securities
3,597

 
—

 
3,593

 
4

Total debt securities
9,798

 
—

 
9,791

 
7

Total invested assets
$
13,452

 
$
3,654

 
$
9,791

 
$
7


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Humana Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(Unaudited)

There were no material transfers between Level 1 and Level 2 during the three months ended March 31, 2017 or 2016.
Our Level 3 assets had a fair value of $7 million at March 31, 2017, or 0.04% of our total invested assets. During the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, the changes in the fair value of the assets measured using significant unobservable inputs (Level 3) were comprised of the following:
 
For the three months ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
Private
Placements
 
Auction
Rate
Securities
 
Total
 
Private
Placements
 
Auction
Rate
Securities
 
Total
 
(in millions)
Beginning balance at January 1
$
4

 
$
3

 
$
7

 
$
6

 
$
5

 
$
11

Settlements
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
(2
)
 
(2
)
Balance at March 31
$
4

 
$
3

 
$
7

 
$
6

 
$
3

 
$
9

Financial Liabilities
Our long-term debt is recorded at carrying value in our consolidated balance sheets. The carrying value of our long-term debt outstanding, net of unamortized debt issuance costs, was $4,780 million at March 31, 2017 and $3,792 million at December 31, 2016. The fair value of our long-term debt was $5,052 million at March 31, 2017 and $4,004 million at December 31, 2016. The fair value of our long-term debt is determined based on Level 2 inputs, including quoted market prices for the same or similar debt, or if no quoted market prices are available, on the current prices estimated to be available to us for debt with similar terms and remaining maturities.
Due to the short-term nature, carrying value approximates fair value for our commercial paper borrowings. There were outstanding commercial paper borrowings of $470 million as of March 31, 2017 and $300 million as of December 31, 2016.

Assets and Liabilities Measured at Fair Value on a Nonrecurring Basis
As disclosed in Note 3, we completed the acquisition of certain health and wellness related businesses during the first quarter of 2017 and 2016. The values of net tangible assets acquired and the resulting goodwill and other intangible assets were recorded at fair value using Level 3 inputs. The majority of the tangible assets acquired and liabilities assumed were recorded at their carrying values as of the respective dates of acquisition, as their carrying values approximated their fair values due to their short-term nature. The fair values of goodwill and other intangible assets acquired in these acquisitions were internally estimated primarily based on the income approach. The income approach estimates fair value based on the present value of the cash flows that the assets are expected to generate in the future. We developed internal estimates for the expected cash flows and discount rates used in the present value calculations. Other than assets acquired and liabilities assumed in these acquisitions, there were no material assets or liabilities measured at fair value on a nonrecurring basis during the three months ended March 31, 2017 or 2016.

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Humana Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(Unaudited)

6. MEDICARE PART D
We cover prescription drug benefits in accordance with Medicare Part D under multiple contracts with the Centers for Medicare and Medicaid Services, or CMS, as described further in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements included in our 2016 Form 10-K. The accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets include the following amounts associated with Medicare Part D at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016. CMS subsidies/discounts in the table below include the reinsurance and low-income cost subsidies funded by CMS for which we assume no risk as well as brand name prescription drug discounts for Part D plan participants in the coverage gap funded by CMS and pharmaceutical manufacturers.
 
March 31, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
Risk
Corridor
Settlement
 
CMS
Subsidies/
Discounts
 
Risk
Corridor
Settlement
 
CMS
Subsidies/
Discounts
 
(in millions)
Other current assets
$
8

 
$
1,044

 
$
8

 
$
1,001

Trade accounts payable and accrued expenses
(126
)
 
(1,895
)
 
(158
)
 
(128
)
Net current (liability) asset
(118
)
 
(851
)
 
(150
)
 
873

Other long-term assets
12

 
—

 
—

 
—

Other long-term liabilities
(74
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

Net long-term liability
(62
)
 
—

 
—

 
—

Total net (liability) asset
$
(180
)
 
$
(851
)
 
$
(150
)
 
$
873

7. HEALTH CARE REFORM
The Patient Protection and Affordable Care Act and the Health Care and Education Reconciliation Act of 2010 (which we collectively refer to as the Health Care Reform Law) established risk spreading premium stabilization programs effective January 1, 2014, including a permanent risk adjustment program and temporary risk corridor and reinsurance programs, which we collectively refer to as the 3Rs. The 3Rs are applicable to certain of our commercial medical insurance products as further discussed in Note 2 to our 2016 Form 10-K. Operating results for our individual commercial medical business compliant with the Health Care Reform Law have been challenged primarily due to unanticipated modifications in the program subsequent to the passing of the Health Care Reform Law, resulting in higher covered population morbidity and the ensuing enrollment and claims issues causing volatility in claims experience. We took a number of actions in 2015 to improve the profitability of our individual commercial medical business in 2016. These actions were subject to regulatory restrictions in certain geographies and included premium increases for the 2016 coverage year related generally to the first half of 2015 claims experience, the discontinuation of certain products as well as exit of certain markets for 2016, network improvements, enhancements to claims and clinical processes and administrative cost control. Despite these actions, the deterioration in the second half of 2015 claims experience together with 2016 open enrollment results indicating the retention of many high-utilizing members for 2016 resulted in a probable future loss. As a result of our then assessment of the profitability of our individual medical policies compliant with the Health Care Reform Law, in the fourth quarter of 2015, we recorded a provision for probable future losses (premium deficiency reserve, or PDR) for the 2016 coverage year of $176 million in benefits payable in our consolidated balance sheet with a corresponding increase in benefits expense in our consolidated statement of income. In the first quarter of 2016, we applied $13 million current period results to the PDR liability. There is no premium deficiency reserve in 2017.
On November 10, 2016, the U.S. Court of Federal Claims ruled in favor of the government in one of a series of cases filed by insurers, unrelated to us, against the U.S. Department of Health and Human Services, or HHS, to collect risk corridor payments, rejecting all of the insurer’s statutory, contract and Constitutional claims for payment. On November 18, 2016, HHS issued a memorandum indicating a significant funding shortfall for the 2015 coverage year, the second consecutive year of significant shortfalls. Given the successful challenge of the risk corridor provisions in court, Congressional inquiries into the funding of the risk corridor program, and significant funding shortfalls under

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Humana Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(Unaudited)

the first two years of the program, during the fourth quarter of 2016 we wrote-off $583 million in risk corridor receivables outstanding as of September 30, 2016, including $415 million associated with the 2014 and 2015 coverage years. From inception of the risk corridor program through March 31, 2017, we collected approximately $37 million from CMS for risk corridor receivables associated with the 2014 coverage year funded by HHS in accordance with previous guidance, utilizing funds HHS collected from us and other carriers under the risk corridor program.

On February 14, 2017, we announced we are exiting our individual commercial medical business January 1, 2018. As discussed previously, we have worked over the past several years to address market and programmatic challenges in order to keep coverage options available wherever we could offer a viable product. This has included pursuing business changes, such as modifying networks, restructuring product offerings, reducing the company’s geographic footprint and increasing premiums. All of these actions were taken with the expectation that our individual commercial medical business would stabilize to the point where we could continue to participate in the program. However, based on our analysis of data associated with our healthcare exchange membership following the 2017 open enrollment period, we saw further signs of an unbalanced risk pool. Therefore, we decided that we cannot continue to offer this coverage and plan to exit this business commencing January 1, 2018.

The accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets include the following amounts associated with the 3Rs at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016. Amounts classified as long-term represent settlements that we expect to exceed 12 months at March 31, 2017.
 
March 31, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
 
Risk Adjustment
Settlement
 
Reinsurance
Recoverables
 
Risk Adjustment
Settlement
 
Reinsurance
Recoverables
 
(in millions)
Prior Coverage Years
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Premiums receivable
$
320
 
 
$
—

 
$
307
 
 
$
—

Other current assets
—
 
 
207

 
—
 
 
260

Trade accounts payable and
accrued expenses
(124
)
 
—

 
(117
)
 
—

Net current asset
196
 
 
207

 
190
 
 
260

Other long-term assets
—
 
 
—

 
6
 
 
—

Total prior coverage years' net
asset
196
 
 
207

 
196
 
 
260

Current Coverage Year
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Other long-term assets
17
 
 
—

 
—
 
 
—

Other long-term liabilities
(26
)
 
—

 
—
 
 
—

Total 2017 coverage year net
liability
(9
)
 
—

 
—
 
 
—

Total net asset
$
187
 
 
$
207

 
$
196
 
 
$
260

During the three months ended March 31, 2017, we received $60 million for reinsurance recoverables and $2 million for risk adjustment settlements, in each case associated with prior coverage years. During the three months ended March 31, 2016, we received $213 million for reinsurance recoverables and $6 million for risk adjustment and risk corridor settlements associated with prior coverage years.
To the extent certain provisions of the Health Care Reform Law are successfully challenged in court or there are changes in legislation or the application of legislation, there can be no guarantee that receivables established under the reinsurance or risk adjustment provisions of the Health Care Reform Law will ultimately be collected. If we fail to effectively implement our operational and strategic initiatives with respect to the implementation of the Health Care Reform Law, our business may be materially adversely affected. Additionally, potential legislative changes, including activities to repeal or replace the Health Care Reform Law, creates uncertainty for our business, and we cannot predict when, or in what form, such legislative changes may occur.

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Humana Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(Unaudited)

The annual health insurance industry fee has been suspended for calendar year 2017, but is scheduled to resume in calendar year 2018. In September 2016, we paid the federal government $916 million for our portion of the annual health insurance industry fee attributed to calendar year 2016 in accordance with the Health Care Reform Law. This fee, fixed in amount by law and apportioned to insurance carriers based on market share, is not deductible for tax purposes. Each year on January 1, except for 2017, we record a liability for this fee in trade accounts payable and accrued expenses which we carry until the fee is paid. We record a corresponding deferred cost in other current assets in our condensed consolidated financial statements which is amortized ratably to expense over the calendar year. Amortization of the deferred cost was recorded in operating cost expense of approximately $227 million for the three months ended March 31, 2016, resulting from the amortization of the 2016 annual health insurance industry fee.
8. GOODWILL AND OTHER INTANGIBLE ASSETS
The carrying amount of goodwill for our reportable segments has been retrospectively adjusted to conform to the 2017 business segment reclassifications as discussed in Note 1. There was no impairment. Changes in the carrying amount of goodwill for our reportable segments for the three months ended March 31, 2017 were as follows:
 
Retail
 
Group and Specialty
 
Healthcare
Services
 
Total
 
(in millions)
Balance at January 1, 2017
$
1,059

 
$
261

 
$
1,952

 
$
3,272

Acquisitions
—

 
—

 
7

 
7

Balance at March 31, 2017
$
1,059

 
$
261

 
$
1,959

 
$
3,279

The following table presents details of our other intangible assets included in other long-term assets in the accompanying condensed consolidated balance sheets at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016.
 
 
 
March 31, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
 
Weighted
Average
Life
 
Cost
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Net
 
Cost
 
Accumulated
Amortization
 
Net
 
 
 
($ in millions)
Other intangible assets:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Customer contracts/
relationships
9.8 years
 
$
566

 
$
360

 
$
206

 
$
566

 
$
347

 
$
219

Trade names and
technology
8.2 years
 
104

 
72

 
32

 
104

 
69

 
35

Provider contracts
14.1 years
 
51

 
30

 
21

 
51

 
29

 
22

Noncompetes and
other
8.2 years
 
32

 
29

 
3

 
32

 
28

 
4

Total other intangible
assets
9.8 years
 
$
753

 
$
491

 
$
262

 
$
753

 
$
473

 
$
280


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Humana Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(Unaudited)

For the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, amortization expense for other intangible assets was approximately $18 million and $21 million, respectively. The following table presents our estimate of amortization expense for 2017 and each of the five next succeeding years:
 
(in millions)
For the years ending December 31,:
 
2017
$
71

2018
63

2019
52

2020
48

2021
14

2022
11

9. BENEFITS PAYABLE
On a consolidated basis, activity in benefits payable, excluding military services, was as follows for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016:
 
 
For the three months ended March 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
 
(in millions)
Balances at January 1
 
$
4,563

 
$
4,976

Less: Premium deficiency reserve
 
—

 
(176
)
Less: Reinsurance recoverables
 
(76
)
 
(85
)
Balances at January 1, net
 
4,487

 
4,715

Incurred related to:
 
 
 
 
Current year
 
11,580

 
11,751

Prior years
 
(231
)
 
(340
)
Total incurred
 
11,349

 
11,411

Paid related to:
 
 
 
 
Current year
 
(7,695
)
 
(7,692
)
Prior years
 
(3,451
)
 
(3,576
)
Total paid
 
(11,146
)
 
(11,268
)
Premium deficiency reserve
 
—

 
189

Reinsurance recoverable
 
71

 
67

Ending Balance
 
$
4,761

 
$
5,114

Amounts incurred related to prior periods vary from previously estimated liabilities as the claims ultimately are settled. Negative amounts reported for incurred related to prior years result from claims being ultimately settled for amounts less than originally estimated (favorable development).
Our reserving practice is to consistently recognize the actuarial best estimate of our ultimate liability for claims. Actuarial standards require the use of assumptions based on moderately adverse experience, which generally results in favorable reserve development, or reserves that are considered redundant.


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Humana Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(Unaudited)

Benefits expense excluded from the previous table was as follows for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016.
 
 
March 31, 2017
 
March 31, 2016
 
 
(in millions)
Premium deficiency reserve - Individual Commercial
 
$
—

 
$
13

Military services
 
—

 
3

Future policy benefits:
 
 
 
 
Individual Commercial
 
(33
)
 
(40
)
Other Businesses
 
10

 
10

Total future policy benefits
 
(23
)
 
(30
)
Total
 
$
(23
)
 
$
(14
)
Military services benefits expense for the three months ended March 31, 2016 in the table above reflect expenses associated with our contracts with the Veterans Administration.
Incurred and Paid Claims Development
The following discussion provides information about incurred and paid claims development for our Retail, Group and Specialty, and Individual Commercial segments as of March 31, 2017 and 2016, net of reinsurance and the total of IBNR included within the net incurred claims amounts.
Retail Segment
Activity in benefits payable for our Retail segment was as follows for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016:
 
 
For the three months ended March 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
 
(in millions)
Balances at January 1
 
$
3,507

 
$
3,600

Less: Reinsurance recoverables
 
(76
)
 
(85
)
Balances at January 1, net
 
3,431

 
3,515

Incurred related to:
 
 
 
 
Current year
 
10,255

 
9,851

Prior years
 
(204
)
 
(218
)
Total incurred
 
10,051

 
9,633

Paid related to:
 
 
 
 
Current year
 
(7,014
)
 
(6,706
)
Prior years
 
(2,572
)
 
(2,685
)
Total paid
 
(9,586
)
 
(9,391
)
Reinsurance recoverable
 
71

 
67

Ending Balance
 
$
3,967

 
$
3,824

At March 31, 2017, benefits payable for our Retail segment included IBNR of approximately $2.7 billion, primarily associated with claims incurred in 2017.



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Humana Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(Unaudited)

Group and Specialty Segment
Activity in benefits payable for our Group and Specialty segment, excluding military services, was as follows for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016:
 
 
For the three months ended March 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
 
(in millions)
Balances at January 1
 
$
578

 
$
616

Incurred related to:
 
 
 
 
Current year
 
1,306

 
1,260

Prior years
 
(20
)
 
(41
)
Total incurred
 
1,286

 
1,219

Paid related to:
 
 
 
 
Current year
 
(824
)
 
(728
)
Prior years
 
(493
)
 
(502
)
Total paid
 
(1,317
)
 
(1,230
)
Ending Balance
 
$
547

 
$
605

At March 31, 2017, benefits payable for our Group and Specialty segment included IBNR of approximately $468 million, primarily associated with claims incurred in 2017.

Individual Commercial Segment
Activity in benefits payable for our Individual Commercial segment was as follows for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016:
 
 
For the three months ended March 31,
 
 
2017
 
2016
 
 
(in millions)
Balances at January 1
 
$
454

 
$
740

Less: Premium deficiency reserve
 
—

 
(176
)
Balances at January 1, net
 
454

 
564

Incurred related to:
 
 
 
 
Current year
 
185

 
826

Prior years
 
(6
)
 
(80
)
Total incurred
 
179

 
746

Paid related to:
 
 
 
 
Current year
 
(49
)
 
(465
)
Prior years
 
(363
)
 
(370
)
Total paid
 
(412
)
 
(835
)
Premium deficiency reserve
 
—

 
189

Ending Balance
 
$
221

 
$
664


At March 31, 2017, benefits payable for our Individual Commercial segment included IBNR of approximately $169 million, primarily associated with claims incurred in 2017.

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Humana Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(Unaudited)

Reconciliation to Consolidated

The reconciliation of the net incurred and paid claims development tables to benefits payable in the consolidated
statement of financial position is as follows:
 
Reconciliation of the Disclosure of Incurred and Paid Claims Development to Benefits Payable, net of reinsurance
 
 
 
March 31,
 
 
2017
 
Net outstanding liabilities
 
 
Retail
$
3,896

 
Group and Specialty
547

 
Individual Commercial
221

 
Other Businesses
26

 
    Benefits payable, net of reinsurance
4,690

 
 
 
 
Reinsurance recoverable on unpaid claims
 
 
Retail
71

 
     Total reinsurance recoverable on unpaid claims
71

 
 
 
 
     Total benefits payable, gross
$
4,761


10. EARNINGS PER COMMON SHARE COMPUTATION
Detail supporting the computation of basic and diluted earnings per common share was as follows for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016:
 
Three months ended March 31,
 
2017
 
2016
 
(dollars in millions, except per common share results; number of shares in thousands)
Net income available for common stockholders
$
1,115

 
$
254

Weighted average outstanding shares of common stock
used to compute basic earnings per common share
147,824

 
149,161

Dilutive effect of:
 
 
 
Employee stock options
199

 
218

Restricted stock
849

 
1,517

Shares used to compute diluted earnings per common share
148,872

 
150,896

Basic earnings per common share
$
7.54

 
$
1.70

Diluted earnings per common share
$
7.49

 
$
1.68

Number of antidilutive stock options and restricted stock
excluded from computation
938

 
1,285


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Humana Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(Unaudited)

11. STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY
Dividends
The following table provides details of dividend payments, excluding dividend equivalent rights for unvested stock awards, in 2016 and 2017 under our Board approved quarterly cash dividend policy:
Record
Date
 
Payment
Date
 
Amount
per Share
 
Total
Amount
 
 
 
 
 
 
(in millions)
2016 payments
 
 
 
 
 
 
12/30/2015
 
1/29/2016
 
$
0.29

 
$
43

3/31/2016
 
4/29/2016
 
$
0.29

 
$
43

6/30/2016
 
7/29/2016
 
$
0.29

 
$
43

10/13/2016
 
10/28/2016
 
$
0.29

 
$
43

2017 payments
 
 
 
 
 
 
1/12/2017
 
1/27/2017
 
$
0.29

 
$
43

3/31/2017
 
4/28/2017
 
$
0.40

 
$
58

On April 20, 2017, the Board declared a cash dividend of $0.40 per share payable on July 31, 2017 to stockholders of record on June 30, 2017.
Stock Repurchases
On February 14, 2017 our Board of Directors replaced a previous share repurchase authorization of up to $2 billion, of which $1.04 billion remained unused, with a new authorization for repurchases of up to $2.25 billion of our common shares expiring on December 31, 2017 exclusive of shares repurchased in connection with employee stock plans. Under the share repurchase authorization, shares may be purchased from time to time at prevailing prices in the open market, by block purchases, through plans designed to comply with Rule 10b5-1 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended, or in privately-negotiated transactions, including pursuant to accelerated share repurchase agreements with investment banks, subject to certain regulatory restrictions on volume, pricing, and timing. Our remaining repurchase authorization was $1.05 billion as of May 3, 2017, which includes $300 million of stock held back as part of the accelerated share repurchase agreement as more fully described below.
On February 16, 2017, we entered into an accelerated share repurchase agreement, or ASR Agreement, with Goldman, Sachs & Co. LLC, or Goldman Sachs, to repurchase $1.5 billion of our common stock as part of the $2.25 billion share repurchase program referred to above. Under the ASR Agreement, on February 22, 2017, we made a payment of $1.5 billion to Goldman Sachs from available cash on hand and received an initial delivery of 5.83 million shares of our common stock from Goldman Sachs based on the then current market price of Humana common stock. The payment to Goldman Sachs was recorded as a reduction to stockholders’ equity, consisting of a $1.2 billion increase in treasury stock, which reflected the value of the initial 5.83 million shares received upon initial settlement, and a $300 million decrease in capital in excess of par value, which reflected the value of stock held back by Goldman Sachs pending final settlement of the ASR Agreement. The final number of shares that we may receive, or be required to remit, under the ASR agreement will be determined based on the daily volume-weighted average share price of our common stock over the term of the ASR agreement. Final settlement under the ASR agreement is expected to occur by the end of the third quarter of 2017. The ASR agreement contains provisions customary for agreements of this type, including provisions for adjustments to the transaction terms upon certain specified events, the circumstances generally under which final settlement of the ASR Agreement may be accelerated or extended or the ASR agreement may be terminated early by Goldman Sachs or Humana, and various acknowledgments and representations made by the parties to each other. At final settlement, under certain circumstances, we may be entitled to receive additional shares of our common stock from Goldman Sachs or we may be required to make a payment. If we are obligated to make payment, we may elect to satisfy such obligation in cash or shares of our common stock. The obligation of Goldman Sachs under the ASR agreement is guaranteed by The Goldman Sachs Group, Inc.

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Humana Inc.
NOTES TO CONDENSED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS—(Continued)
(Unaudited)

In connection with employee stock plans, we acquired 0.35 million common shares for $74 million and 0.43 million common shares for $71 million during the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
Treasury Stock Reissuance
We reissued 1.13 million shares of treasury stock during the three months ended March 31, 2017 at a cost of $76 million associated with restricted stock unit vestings and option exercises.
Accumulated Other Comprehensive Income
Accumulated other comprehensive income included net unrealized losses, net of tax, on our investment securities of $4 million at March 31, 2017 and $17 million at December 31, 2016. In addition, accumulated other comprehensive income included $54 million, net of tax, at March 31, 2017 for an additional liability that would exist on our closed block of long-term care insurance policies if unrealized gains on the sale of the investments backing such products had been realized and the proceeds reinvested at then current yields. There was $49 million such liability, net of tax, at December 31, 2016. Refer to Note 18 to the consolidated financial statements in our 2016 Form 10-K for further discussion of our long-term care insurance policies.
12. INCOME TAXES
The effective income tax rate was 34.0% for the three months ended March 31, 2017, compared to 49.2% for the three months ended March 31, 2016 primarily due to the 2017 temporary suspension of the non-deductible health insurance industry fee as well as previously non-deductible transaction costs that, as a result of termination of the Merger Agreement, became deductible for tax purposes and were recorded as such in the three months ended March 31, 2017.
13.  DEBT
The carrying value of long-term debt outstanding, net of unamortized debt issuance costs, was as follows at March 31, 2017 and December 31, 2016:
 
March 31, 2017
 
December 31, 2016
 
(in millions)
Senior notes:
 
 
 
  $500 million, 7.20% due June 15, 2018
$
501

 
$
501

  $300 million, 6.30% due August 1, 2018
304

 
304

  $400 million, 2.625% due October 1, 2019
398

 
398

  $600 million, 3.15% due December 1, 2022
595

 
595

  $600 million, 3.85% due October 1, 2024
595

 
595

  $600 million, 3.95% due March 15, 2027
594

 
—

  $250 million, 8.15% due June 15, 2038
263

 
264

  $400 million, 4.625% due December 1, 2042
396

 
396

  $750 million, 4.95% due October 1, 2044
739

 
739

  $400 million, 4.80% due March 15, 2047
395

 
—

     Total long-term debt
$
4,780

 
$
3,792


Senior Notes    

In March 2017, we issued $600 million of 3.95% senior notes due March 15, 2027 and $400 million of 4.80% senior notes due March 15, 2047. Our net proceeds, reduced for the underwriters' discount and commission and offering expenses paid as of March 31, 2017, were $991 million. We intend to use the net proceeds from these issuances for general corporate purposes.

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(Unaudited)

Our senior notes, which are unsecured, may be redeemed at our option at any time at 100% of the principal amount plus accrued interest and a specified make-whole amount. The 7.20% and 8.15% senior notes are subject to an interest rate adjustment if the debt ratings assigned to the notes are downgraded (or subsequently upgraded). In addition, each series of our senior notes (other than the 6.30% senior notes) contain a change of control provision that may require us to purchase the notes under certain circumstances.
Prior to 2009, we were parties to interest-rate swap agreements that exchanged the fixed interest rate under our senior notes for a variable interest rate based on LIBOR. As a result, the carrying value of the senior notes was adjusted to reflect changes in value caused by an increase or decrease in interest rates. During 2008, we terminated all of our swap agreements. The cumulative adjustment to the carrying value of our senior notes was $103 million as of the termination date which is being amortized as a reduction to interest expense over the remaining term of the senior notes. In October 2014, the redemption of our 6.45% senior notes reduced the unamortized carrying value adjustment by $12 million. The unamortized carrying value adjustment was $22 million as of March 31, 2017 and $23 million as of December 31, 2016.
Credit Agreement
Our 5-year $1.0 billion unsecured revolving credit agreement expires July 2018. Under the credit agreement, at our option, we can borrow on either a competitive advance basis or a revolving credit basis. The revolving credit portion bears interest at either LIBOR plus a spread or the base rate plus a spread. The LIBOR spread, currently 110 basis points, varies depending on our credit ratings ranging from 90.0 to 150.0 basis points. We also pay an annual facility fee regardless of utilization. This facility fee, currently 15 basis points, may fluctuate between 10.0 and 25.0 basis points, depending upon our credit ratings. The competitive advance portion of any borrowings will bear interest at market rates prevailing at the time of borrowing on either a fixed rate or a floating rate based on LIBOR, at our option.
The terms of the credit agreement include standard provisions related to conditions of borrowing, including a customary material adverse effect clause which could limit our ability to borrow additional funds. In addition, the credit agreement contains customary restrictive and financial covenants as well as customary events of default, including financial covenants regarding the maintenance of a minimum level of net worth of $9.5 billion at March 31, 2017 and a maximum leverage ratio of 3.0:1. We are in compliance with the financial covenants, with actual net worth of $10.2 billion and an actual leverage ratio of 1.3:1, as measured in accordance with the credit agreement as of March 31, 2017. In addition, the credit agreement includes an uncommitted $250 million incremental loan facility.
At March 31, 2017, we had no borrowings and no letters of credit outstanding under the credit agreement. Accordingly, as of March 31, 2017, we had $1.0 billion of remaining borrowing capacity under the credit agreement, none of which would be restricted by our financial covenant compliance requirement. We have other customary, arms-length relationships, including financial advisory and banking, with some parties to the credit agreement.
Commercial Paper
We previously entered into a commercial paper program pursuant to which we may issue short-term, unsecured commercial paper notes privately placed on a discount basis through certain broker dealers. Amounts available under the program may be borrowed, repaid and re-borrowed from time to time, with the aggregate face or principal amount outstanding under the program at any time not to exceed $1 billion. The net proceeds of issuances have been and are expected to be used for general corporate purposes. The maximum principal amount outstanding at any one time during the three months ended March 31, 2017 was $500 million. There were outstanding borrowings of $470 million at March 31, 2017 and $300 million at December 31, 2016.
14. GUARANTEES AND CONTINGENCIES
Government Contracts
Our Medicare products, which accounted for approximately 78% of our total premiums and services revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2017, primarily consisted of products covered under the Medicare Advantage and

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(Unaudited)

Medicare Part D Prescription Drug Plan contracts with the federal government. These contracts are renewed generally for a calendar year term unless CMS notifies us of its decision not to renew by May 1 of the calendar year in which the contract would end, or we notify CMS of our decision not to renew by the first Monday in June of the calendar year in which the contract would end. Our bids for the 2018 calendar year are due by June 5, 2017.
CMS uses a risk-adjustment model which adjusts premiums paid to Medicare Advantage, or MA, plans according to health status of covered members. The risk-adjustment model, which CMS implemented pursuant to the Balanced Budget Act of 1997(BBA) and the Benefits Improvement and Protection Act of 2000 (BIPA), generally pays more where a plan's membership has higher expected costs. Under this model, rates paid to MA plans are based on actuarially determined bids, which include a process whereby our prospective payments are based on our estimated cost of providing standard Medicare-covered benefits to an enrollee with a "national average risk profile." That baseline payment amount is adjusted to reflect the health status of our enrolled membership. Under the risk-adjustment methodology, all MA plans must collect and submit the necessary diagnosis code information from hospital inpatient, hospital outpatient, and physician providers to CMS within prescribed deadlines. The CMS risk-adjustment model uses the diagnosis data to calculate the risk-adjusted premium payment to MA plans, which CMS adjusts for coding pattern differences between the health plans and the government fee-for-service program. We generally rely on providers, including certain providers in our network who are our employees, to code their claim submissions with appropriate diagnoses, which we send to CMS as the basis for our payment received from CMS under the actuarial risk-adjustment model. We also rely on these providers to document appropriately all medical data, including the diagnosis data submitted with claims. In addition, we conduct medical record reviews as part of our data and payment accuracy compliance efforts, to more accurately reflect diagnosis conditions under the risk adjustment model. These compliance efforts include the internal contract level audits described in more detail below.
CMS is phasing-in the process of calculating risk scores using diagnoses data from the Risk Adjustment Processing System, or RAPS, to diagnosis data from the Encounter Data System, or EDS. The RAPS process requires MA plans to apply a filter logic based on CMS guidelines and only submit claims that satisfy those guidelines. For submissions through EDS, CMS requires MA plans to submit all the encounter data and CMS will apply the risk adjustment filtering logic to determine the risk scores. For 2016, 10% of the risk score was calculated from claims data submitted through EDS, increasing to 25% of the risk score calculated from claims data through EDS for 2017. In April 2017 CMS revised the pace of the phase-in. For 2018, 15% of the risk corridor will be calculated from claims data submitted through EDS. The phase-in from RAPS to EDS could result in different risk scores from each dataset as a result of plan processing issues, CMS processing issues, or filtering logic differences between RAPS and EDS, and could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial position, or cash flows.

CMS is continuing to perform audits of various companies’ selected MA contracts related to this risk adjustment diagnosis data. We refer to these audits as Risk-Adjustment Data Validation Audits, or RADV audits. RADV audits review medical records in an attempt to validate provider medical record documentation and coding practices which influence the calculation of premium payments to MA plans.
In 2012, CMS released a “Notice of Final Payment Error Calculation Methodology for Part C Medicare Advantage Risk Adjustment Data Validation (RADV) Contract-Level Audits.” The payment error calculation methodology provides that, in calculating the economic impact of audit results for an MA contract, if any, the results of the RADV audit sample will be extrapolated to the entire MA contract after a comparison of the audit results to a similar audit of Medicare FFS (we refer to the process of accounting for errors in FFS claims as the "FFS Adjuster"). This comparison of RADV audit results to the FFS error rate is necessary to determine the economic impact, if any, of RADV audit results because the government used the Medicare FFS program data set, including any attendant errors that are present in that data set, to estimate the costs of various health status conditions and to set the resulting adjustments to MA plans’ payment rates. CMS already makes other adjustments to payment rates based on a comparison of coding pattern differences between MA plans and Medicare FFS data (such as for frequency of coding for certain diagnoses in MA plan data versus the Medicare FFS program data set).
The final RADV extrapolation methodology, including the first application of extrapolated audit results to determine audit settlements, is expected to be applied to RADV contract level audits conducted for contract year 2011 and

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(Unaudited)

subsequent years. CMS is currently conducting RADV contract level audits for contract years 2011, 2012, and 2013, in which two, five, and five of our Medicare Advantage plans are being audited, respectively. Per CMS guidance, selected MA contracts will be notified of an audit at some point after the close of the final reconciliation for the payment year being audited. In recent years, the final reconciliation payment has occurred in July of the calendar year following the payment year, although CMS has stated that this year's final payment will occur in October.
Estimated audit settlements are recorded as a reduction of premiums revenue in our consolidated statements of income, based upon available information. We perform internal contract level audits based on the RADV audit methodology prescribed by CMS. Included in these internal contract level audits is an audit of our Private Fee-For- Service business which we used to represent a proxy of the FFS Adjuster which has not yet been released. We based our accrual of estimated audit settlements for each contract year on the results of these internal contract level audits and update our estimates as each audit is completed. Estimates derived from these results were not material to our results of operations, financial position, or cash flows. We report the results of these internal contract level audits to CMS, including identified overpayments, if any. However, as indicated, we are awaiting additional guidance from CMS regarding the FFS Adjuster. Accordingly, we cannot determine whether such RADV audits will have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial position, or cash flows.
In addition, CMS' comments in formalized guidance regarding “overpayments” to MA plans appear to be inconsistent with CMS' prior RADV audit guidance. These statements, contained in the preamble to CMS’ final rule release regarding Medicare Advantage and Part D prescription drug benefit program regulations for Contract Year 2015, appear to equate each Medicare Advantage risk adjustment data error with an “overpayment” without reconciliation to the principles underlying the FFS Adjuster referenced above. We will continue to work with CMS to ensure that MA plans are paid accurately and that payment model principles are in accordance with the requirements of the Social Security Act, which, if not implemented correctly could have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial position, or cash flows.
At March 31, 2017, our military services business, which accounted for approximately 1% of our total premiums and services revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2017, primarily consisted of the TRICARE South Region contract. The current 5-year South Region contract, which was set to expire on March 31, 2017, is subject to annual renewals on April 1 of each year during its term at the government’s option, including an option to extend for a sixth year through March 31, 2018. On March 2, 2017, we received notice that the Defense Health Agency, or DHA, had exercised its option to extend the TRICARE South Region contract for that sixth year. On July 21, 2016, we were notified by the DHA that we were awarded the contract for the new TRICARE East Region, which is a consolidation of the former North and South Regions, with delivery of health care services expected to commence on October 1, 2017. On March 30, 2017, we received notice that the DHA is moving the date upon which delivery of health care services is expected to commence under the new TRICARE East Region contract from October 1, 2017, to January 1, 2018. We expect the sixth option period under the current TRICARE South Region contract would be terminated in the event that delivery of health care services under the new TRICARE East Region contract commences prior to March 31, 2018. The next generation East Region and West Region contract awards are currently subject to protests by an unsuccessful bidder in the U.S. Court of Federal Claims and before the DHA.
Our state-based Medicaid business accounted for approximately 5% of our total premiums and services revenue for the three months ended March 31, 2017. In addition to our state-based Temporary Assistance for Needy Families, or TANF, Medicaid contracts in Florida and Kentucky, we have contracts in Florida for Long Term Support Services (LTSS), in Illinois and Virginia for stand-alone dual eligible demonstration programs serving individuals dually eligible for both the federal Medicare program and the applicable state-based Medicaid program as well as an Integrated Care Program, or ICP, Medicaid contract in Illinois.
The loss of any of the contracts above or significant changes in these programs as a result of legislative or regulatory action, including reductions in premium payments to us, regulatory restrictions on profitability, including by comparison of our Medicare Advantage profitability to our non-Medicare Advantage business profitability and a requirement that they remain within certain ranges of each other, or increases in member benefits without corresponding increases in premium payments to us, may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial position, and cash flows.

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(Unaudited)

Legal Proceedings and Certain Regulatory Matters
Florida Matters
On January 6, 2012, the Civil Division of the United States Attorney’s Office for the Southern District of Florida advised us that it is seeking documents and information from us and several of our affiliates relating to several matters including the coding of medical claims by one or more South Florida medical providers, and loans to physician practices. On May 1, 2014, the U.S. Attorney's Office filed a Notice of Non-Intervention in connection with a civil qui tam suit related to one of these matters captioned United States of America ex rel. Olivia Graves v. Plaza Medical Centers, et al., and the Court ordered the complaint unsealed. Subsequently, the individual plaintiff amended the complaint and served the Company, opting to continue to pursue the action. The individual plaintiff has filed a fourth and fifth amended complaint, both of which have been dismissed, and the third amended complaint has been ordered operative by the Court. The Court has ordered trial to commence on November 13, 2017. We continue to cooperate with and respond to information requests from the U.S. Attorney’s office. These matters could result in additional qui tam litigation.
As previously disclosed, the Civil Division of the United States Department of Justice had provided us with an information request, separate from but related to the Plaza Medical matter, concerning our Medicare Part C risk adjustment practices. The request relates to our oversight and submission of risk adjustment data generated by providers in our Medicare Advantage network, including the providers identified in the Plaza Medical matter, as well as to our business and compliance practices related to risk adjustment data generated by our providers and by us, including medical record reviews conducted as part of our data and payment accuracy compliance efforts, the use of health and well-being assessments, and our fraud detection efforts. We believe that this request for information is in connection with a wider review of Medicare Risk Adjustment generally that includes a number of Medicare Advantage plans, providers and vendors. We continue to cooperate with and voluntarily respond to the information requests from the Department of Justice and the U.S. Attorney’s Office. These matters are expected to result in additional qui tam litigation.
Litigation Related to the Merger
Shareholder Action
In connection with the terminated Merger Agreement with Aetna Inc., which we refer to as the Merger, three putative class action complaints were filed by purported Humana stockholders challenging the Merger, two in the Circuit Court of Jefferson County, Kentucky and one in the Court of Chancery of the State of Delaware. The complaints are captioned Solak v. Broussard et al., Civ. Act. No. 15CI03374 (Kentucky state court), Litwin v. Broussard et al., Civ. Act. No. 15CI04054 (Kentucky state court) and Scott v. Humana Inc. et al., C.A. No. 11323-VCL (Delaware state court). The complaints named as defendants each member of Humana’s board of directors, Aetna, and, in the case of the Delaware complaint, Humana. Following the termination of the Merger Agreement, each of the stockholder actions was voluntarily dismissed without prejudice by the plaintiffs as moot.     
Other Lawsuits and Regulatory Matters
Our current and past business practices are subject to review or other investigations by various state insurance and health care regulatory authorities and other state and federal regulatory authorities. These authorities regularly scrutinize the business practices of health insurance, health care delivery and benefits companies. These reviews focus on numerous facets of our business, including claims payment practices, statutory capital requirements, provider contracting, risk adjustment, competitive practices, commission payments, privacy issues, utilization management practices, pharmacy benefits, access to care, and sales practices, among others. Some of these reviews have historically resulted in fines imposed on us and some have required changes to some of our practices. We continue to be subject to these reviews, which could result in additional fines or other sanctions being imposed on us or additional changes in some of our practices.
We also are involved in various other lawsuits that arise, for the most part, in the ordinary course of our business operations, certain of which may be styled as class-action lawsuits. Among other matters, this litigation may include employment matters, claims of medical malpractice, bad faith, nonacceptance or termination of providers, anticompetitive practices, improper rate setting, provider contract rate and payment disputes, failure to disclose network

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(Unaudited)

discounts and various other provider arrangements, general contractual matters, intellectual property matters, and challenges to subrogation practices. For example, a number of hospitals and other providers have asserted that, under their network provider contracts, we are not entitled to reduce Medicare Advantage payments to these providers in connection with changes in Medicare payment systems and in accordance with the Balanced Budget and Emergency Deficit Control Act of 1985, as amended (commonly referred to as “sequestration”). Those challenges have led and could lead to arbitration demands or other litigation. Also, under state guaranty assessment laws, including those related to state cooperative failures in the industry, we may be assessed (up to prescribed limits) for certain obligations to the policyholders and claimants of insolvent insurance companies that write the same line or lines of business as we do. Penn Treaty is a financially distressed unaffiliated long-term care insurance company. On March 1, 2017, a court ordered the liquidation of Penn Treaty which triggered assessments from state guaranty associations that resulted in our recording a $54 million estimate in operating costs in the three months ended March 31, 2017.
 
As a government contractor, we may also be subject to qui tam litigation brought by individuals who seek to sue
on behalf of the government, alleging that the government contractor submitted false claims to the government including, among other allegations, those resulting from coding and review practices under the Medicare risk adjustment model. Qui tam litigation is filed under seal to allow the government an opportunity to investigate and to decide if it wishes to intervene and assume control of the litigation. If the government does not intervene, the lawsuit is unsealed, and the individual may continue to prosecute the action on his or her own, on behalf of the government. We also are subject to other allegations of non-performance of contractual obligations to providers, members, and others, including failure to properly pay claims, improper policy terminations, challenges to our implementation of the Medicare Part D prescription drug program and other litigation.
A limited number of the claims asserted against us are subject to insurance coverage. Personal injury claims, claims for extra contractual damages, care delivery malpractice, and claims arising from medical benefit denials are covered by insurance from our wholly owned captive insurance subsidiary and excess carriers, except to the extent that claimants seek punitive damages, which may not be covered by insurance in certain states in which insurance coverage for punitive damages is not permitted. In addition, insurance coverage for all or certain forms of liability has become increasingly costly and may become unavailable or prohibitively expensive in the future.
We record accruals for the contingencies discussed in the sections above to the extent that we conclude it is probable that a liability has been incurred and the amount of the loss can be reasonably estimated. No estimate of the possible loss or range of loss in excess of amounts accrued, if any, can be made at this time regarding the matters specifically described above because of the inherently unpredictable nature of legal proceedings, which also may be exacerbated by various factors, including: (i) the damages sought in the proceedings are unsubstantiated or indeterminate; (ii) discovery is not complete; (iii) the proceeding is in its early stages; (iv) the matters present legal uncertainties; (v) there are significant facts in dispute; (vi) there are a large number of parties (including where it is uncertain how liability, if any, will be shared among multiple defendants); or (vii) there is a wide range of potential outcomes.
The outcome of any current or future litigation or governmental or internal investigations, including the matters described above, cannot be accurately predicted, nor can we predict any resulting judgments, penalties, fines or other sanctions that may be imposed at the discretion of federal or state regulatory authorities or as a result of actions by third parties. Nevertheless, it is reasonably possible that any such outcome of litigation, judgments, penalties, fines or other sanctions could be substantial, and the outcome of these matters may have a material adverse effect on our results of operations, financial position, and cash flows, and may also affect our reputation.
15. SEGMENT INFORMATION
During the three months ended March 31, 2017, we realigned certain of our businesses among our reportable segments to correspond with internal management reporting changes and our previously announced planned exit from the individual commercial medical business on January 1, 2018. Additionally, we renamed our Group segment to the Group and Specialty segment, and began presenting the individual commercial business results as a separate segment rather than as part of the Retail segment. Specialty health insurance benefits, including dental, vision, other supplement health, and financial protection products, marketed to individuals are now included in the Group and Specialty segment. Specialty health insurance benefits marketed to employer groups continue to be included in the Group and Specialty

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(Unaudited)

segment. As a result of this realignment, our reportable segments now include Retail, Group and Specialty, Healthcare Services, and Individual Commercial. Prior period segment financial information has been recast to conform to the 2017 presentation.
We manage our business with four reportable segments: Retail, Group and Specialty, Healthcare Services and Individual Commercial. In addition, the Other Businesses category includes businesses that are not individually reportable because they do not meet the quantitative thresholds required by generally accepted accounting principles. These segments are based on a combination of the type of health plan customer and adjacent businesses centered on well-being solutions for our health plans and other customers, as described below. These segment groupings are consistent with information used by our Chief Executive Officer to assess performance and allocate resources.
The Retail segment consists of Medicare benefits, marketed to individuals or directly via group accounts. In addition, the Retail segment also includes our contract with CMS to administer the Limited Income Newly Eligible Transition, or LI-NET, prescription drug plan program and contracts with various states to provide Medicaid, dual eligible, and Long-Term Support Services benefits, collectively our state-based contracts. The Group and Specialty segment consists of employer group commercial fully-insured medical and specialty health insurance benefits marketed to individuals and employer groups, including dental, vision, and other supplemental health and voluntary insurance benefits and financial protection products, as well as administrative services only, or ASO products. In addition, our Group and Specialty segment includes military services business, primarily our TRICARE South Region contract. The Healthcare Services segment includes services offered to our health plan members as well as to third parties, including pharmacy solutions, provider services, and clinical care service, as well as services and capabilities to promote wellness and advance population health. The Individual Commercial segment consists of our individual commercial fully-insured medical health insurance benefits. We report under the category of Other Businesses those businesses which do not align with the reportable segments described above, primarily our closed-block long-term care insurance policies.
Our Healthcare Services intersegment revenues primarily relate to managing prescription drug coverage for members of our other segments through Humana Pharmacy Solutions®, or HPS, and includes the operations of Humana Pharmacy, Inc., our mail order pharmacy business. These revenues consist of the prescription price (ingredient cost plus dispensing fee), including the portion to be settled with the member (co-share) or with the government (subsidies), plus any associated administrative fees. Services revenues related to the distribution of prescriptions by third party retail pharmacies in our networks are recognized when the claim is processed and product revenues from dispensing prescriptions from our mail order pharmacies are recorded when the prescription or product is shipped. Our pharmacy operations, which are responsible for designing pharmacy benefits, including defining member co-share responsibilities, determining formulary listings, contracting with retail pharmacies, confirming member eligibility, reviewing drug utilization, and processing claims, act as a principal in the arrangement on behalf of members in our other segments. As principal, our Healthcare Services segment reports revenues on a gross basis, including co-share amounts from members collected by third party retail pharmacies at the point of service.
In addition, our Healthcare Services intersegment revenues include revenues earned by certain owned providers derived from risk-based and non risk-based managed care agreements with our health plans. Under risk based agreements, the provider receives a monthly capitated fee that varies depending on the demographics and health status of the member, for each member assigned to these owned providers by our health plans. The owned provider assumes the economic risk of funding the assigned members’ healthcare services. Under non risk-based agreements, our health plans retain the economic risk of funding the assigned members' healthcare services. Our Healthcare Services segment reports provider services revenues associated with risk-based agreements on a gross basis, whereby capitation fee revenue is recognized in the period in which the assigned members are entitled to receive healthcare services. Provider services revenues associated with non risk-based agreements are presented net of associated healthcare costs.
We present our consolidated results of operations from the perspective of the health plans. As a result, the cost of providing benefits to our members, whether provided via a third party provider or internally through a stand-alone subsidiary, is classified as benefits expense and excludes the portion of the cost for which the health plans do not bear responsibility, including member co-share amounts and government subsidies of $3.0 billion and $2.9 billion for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively. In addition, depreciation and amortization expense associated with certain businesses in our Healthcare Services segment delivering benefits to our members, primarily

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(Unaudited)

associated with our provider services and pharmacy operations, are included with benefits expense. The amount of this expense was $26 million and $27 million for the three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016, respectively.
Other than those described previously, the accounting policies of each segment are the same and are described in Note 2 to the consolidated financial statements included in our 2016 Form 10-K. Transactions between reportable segments primarily consist of sales of services rendered by our Healthcare Services segment, primarily pharmacy, provider, and clinical care services, to our Retail, Group and Specialty, and Individual Commercial segment customers. Intersegment sales and expenses are recorded at fair value and eliminated in consolidation. Members served by our segments often use the same provider networks, enabling us in some instances to obtain more favorable contract terms with providers. Our segments also share indirect costs and assets. As a result, the profitability of each segment is interdependent. We allocate most operating expenses to our segments. Assets and certain corporate income and expenses are not allocated to the segments, including the portion of investment income not supporting segment operations, interest expense on corporate debt, and certain other corporate expenses. These items are managed at a corporate level. These corporate amounts are reported separately from our reportable segments and are included with intersegment eliminations in the tables presenting segment results below.

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(Unaudited)

Our segment results were as follows for the three and three months ended March 31, 2017 and 2016:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Retail
 
Group and Specialty
 
Healthcare
Services
 
Individual Commercial
 
Other
Businesses
 
Eliminations/
Corporate
 
Consolidated
 
(in millions)
Three months ended March 31, 2017
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Revenues - external customers
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Premiums:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Individual Medicare Advantage
$
8,376

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
—

 
$
8,376

Group Medicare Advantage
1,318

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
1,318

Medicare stand-alone PDP
941

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
941

Total Medicare
10,635

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
10,635

Fully-insured
118

 
1,378

 
—

 
283

 
—

 
—

 
1,779

Specialty
—

 
322

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
322

Medicaid and other
653

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
9

 
—

 
662

Total premiums
11,406

 
1,700

 
—

 
283

 
9

 
—

 
13,398

Services revenue:
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Provider
—

 
—

 
70

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
70

ASO and other
2

 
161

 
—

 
—

 
2

 
—

 
165

Pharmacy
—

 
—

 
18

 
—

 
—

 
—

 
18

Total services revenue
2

 
161

 
88

 
—

 
2

 
—

 
253

Total revenues - external customers
11,408

 
1,861

 
88

 
283

 
11

 
—

 
13,651

Intersegment revenues
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
 
Services
—

 
5

 
4,310

 
—

 
—

 
(4,315
)
 
—

Products
—

 
—

 
1,552

 
—

 
—

 
(1,552
)
 
—

Total intersegment revenues
—

 
5

 
5,862

 
—

 
—

 
(5,867
)
 
—

Investment income
25

 
11