The information in this preliminary
prospectus supplement is not complete and may be changed. This
preliminary prospectus supplement is not an offer to sell nor
does it seek an offer to buy these securities in any
jurisdiction where the offer or sale is not permitted.
Registration No. 333-117036
Per Note | Total | |||||||
Public Offering Price
|
% | $ | ||||||
Underwriting Discount
|
% | $ | ||||||
Proceeds to Encore(before expenses)
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% | $ |
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Prospectus Supplement | ||||
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Prospectus | ||||
About this Prospectus
|
i | |||
About Encore Acquisition Company
|
1 | |||
Risk Factors
|
1 | |||
Forward-Looking Information
|
8 | |||
Use of Proceeds
|
10 | |||
Ratio of Earnings to Fixed Charges
|
10 | |||
Description of Debt Securities
|
11 | |||
Description of Capital Stock
|
18 | |||
Plan of Distribution
|
21 | |||
Legal Opinions
|
22 | |||
Independent Auditors
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23 | |||
Independent Petroleum Engineers
|
23 | |||
Where You Can Find More Information
|
23 |
i
S-1
Issuer | Encore Acquisition Company. | |
Notes offered | $150.0 million aggregate principal amount of % senior subordinated notes due 2017. | |
Issue price | % plus accrued interest, if any, from , 2005. | |
Interest rate and payment dates | % per annum payable on and of each year, commencing on , 2006. | |
Maturity date | , 2017. | |
Ranking | The notes will be our senior subordinated unsecured obligations. They will rank equal in right of payment with any of our existing or future Senior Subordinated Indebtedness and subordinated in right of payment to our obligations under our Revolving Credit Facility and any of our other existing and future Senior Indebtedness. As of September 30, 2005, on a pro forma as adjusted basis after giving effect to this offering, the application of the estimated net proceeds from this offering and amounts outstanding under our Revolving Credit Facility as of October 31, 2005, we had approximately $1.1 million of Senior Indebtedness. The terms Revolving Credit Facility, Senior Indebtedness and Senior Subordinated Indebtedness are defined under Description of the Notes Certain Definitions. | |
Guarantees | The payment of the principal, interest and premium on the notes will be fully and unconditionally guaranteed on a senior subordinated basis by our existing and some of our future restricted subsidiaries. See Description of the Notes Guarantees. | |
Optional redemption | Prior to , 2008, we are entitled to redeem up to 35% of the aggregate principal amount of the notes issued, including any additional notes we may issue, from the proceeds of certain equity offerings, so long as: | |
we pay to the holders of such notes a redemption price of % of the principal amount of the notes, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption; and | ||
at least 65% of the aggregate principal amount of the notes issued, including any additional notes we may issue, remains outstanding after each such redemption, other than notes held by us or our affiliates. | ||
Prior to , 2010, we are entitled to redeem the notes as a whole at a redemption price equal to the |
S-2
principal amount of the notes plus the Applicable Premium and accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption. The term Applicable Premium is defined under Description of the Notes Certain Definitions. |
On and after , 2010, we may redeem some or all of the notes at any time at the prices listed under Description of the Notes Optional Redemption, plus accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption. | ||
Restrictive covenants | The indenture governing the notes will limit what we and our restricted subsidiaries do. The provisions of the indenture will limit our and such subsidiaries ability, among other things, to: | |
incur additional indebtedness; | ||
pay dividends on our capital stock or redeem, repurchase or retire our capital stock or subordinated indebtedness; | ||
make investments; | ||
incur liens; | ||
create any consensual limitation on the ability of our restricted subsidiaries to pay dividends, make loans or transfer property to us; | ||
engage in transactions with our affiliates; | ||
sell assets, including capital stock of our subsidiaries; and | ||
consolidate, merge or transfer assets. | ||
During any period that the notes have investment grade ratings from both Moodys Investors Service, Inc. and Standard and Poors Ratings Services and no default has occurred and is continuing, the foregoing covenants will cease to be in effect with the exception of covenants that contain limitations on liens and on, among other things, certain consolidations, mergers and transfers of assets. | ||
These covenants are subject to important exceptions and qualifications described under Description of the Notes Certain Covenants. | ||
Change of control | If we experience a Change of Control, subject to certain conditions, we must give holders of the notes the opportunity to sell to us their notes at 101% of the principal amount, plus accrued and unpaid interest. The term Change of Control is defined under Description of the Notes Change of Control. | |
Trading | The notes will not be registered on any national securities exchange. | |
Use of proceeds | The net proceeds from this offering will be approximately $147.9 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and the estimated expenses of the offering. We intend to use the net proceeds from this offering to repay amounts outstanding under our revolving credit facility. An affiliate of the underwriter is a lender under our Revolving Credit Facility and will receive a portion of the net proceeds used to repay indebtedness under such facility. See Use of Proceeds. |
S-3
Nine Months Ended | ||||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, | Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | ||||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Consolidated Statement of
Operations Data:
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues:(1)
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Oil
|
$ | 222,254 | $ | 157,892 | $ | 220,649 | $ | 176,351 | $ | 134,854 | ||||||||||||
Natural gas
|
96,616 | 50,773 | 77,884 | 43,745 | 25,838 | |||||||||||||||||
Total revenues
|
318,870 | 208,665 | 298,533 | 220,096 | 160,692 | |||||||||||||||||
Expenses:
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Production
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Lease operations
|
48,501 | 33,752 | 47,142 | 37,846 | 30,678 | |||||||||||||||||
Production, ad valorem, and
severance taxes
|
31,425 | 21,117 | 30,313 | 22,013 | 15,653 | |||||||||||||||||
Depletion, depreciation, and
amortization
|
59,943 | 33,262 | 48,522 | 33,530 | 34,550 | |||||||||||||||||
Exploration
|
11,201 | 2,159 | 3,907 | | | |||||||||||||||||
General and administrative
(excluding non-cash stock based compensation)
|
11,236 | 7,616 | 10,982 | 8,680 | 6,150 | |||||||||||||||||
Non-cash stock based compensation
|
3,323 | 1,413 | 1,770 | 614 | | |||||||||||||||||
Derivative fair value
(gain) loss
|
5,713 | 3,424 | 5,011 | (885 | ) | (900 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Loss on early redemption of debt
|
19,477 | | | | | |||||||||||||||||
Other operating
|
5,822 | 3,462 | 5,028 | 3,481 | 2,045 | |||||||||||||||||
Total expenses
|
196,641 | 106,205 | 152,675 | 105,279 | 88,176 | |||||||||||||||||
Operating income
|
122,229 | 102,460 | 145,858 | 114,817 | 72,516 | |||||||||||||||||
Other income (expenses):
|
||||||||||||||||||||||
Interest
|
(23,671 | ) | (16,761 | ) | (23,459 | ) | (16,151 | ) | (12,306 | ) | ||||||||||||
Other
|
729 | 235 | 240 | 214 | 91 | |||||||||||||||||
Total other income (expenses)
|
(22,942 | ) | (16,526 | ) | (23,219 | ) | (15,937 | ) | (12,215 | ) | ||||||||||||
Income before income taxes and
cumulative effect of accounting change
|
99,287 | 85,934 | 122,639 | 98,880 | 60,301 | |||||||||||||||||
Current income tax benefit
(provision)
|
1,478 | (3,046 | ) | (1,913 | ) | (991 | ) | 745 | ||||||||||||||
Deferred income tax provision
|
(34,459 | ) | (26,981 | ) | (38,579 | ) | (35,111 | ) | (23,361 | ) | ||||||||||||
Income before cumulative effect of
accounting change
|
66,306 | 55,907 | 82,147 | 62,778 | 37,685 | |||||||||||||||||
Cumulative effect of accounting
change, net of income taxes
|
| | | 863 | | |||||||||||||||||
Net income
|
$ | 66,306 | $ | 55,907 | $ | 82,147 | $ | 63,641 | (2) | $ | 37,685 | |||||||||||
S-4
Nine Months Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, | Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | |||||||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||||||
Other Financial Data:
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Ratio of earnings to fixed
charges(3)
|
5.1 | x | 6.1 | x | 6.2 | x | 7.0 | x | 5.8 | x | |||||||||||
Cash provided by (used by):
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Operating activities
|
$ | 204,192 | $ | 127,100 | $ | 171,821 | $ | 123,818 | $ | 91,509 | |||||||||||
Investing activities
|
(297,018 | ) | (365,814 | ) | (433,470 | ) | (153,747 | ) | (159,316 | ) | |||||||||||
Financing activities
|
94,277 | 239,375 | 262,321 | 17,303 | 80,749 |
As of | As of December 31, | ||||||||||||||||
September 30, | |||||||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | ||||||||||||||
(Dollars in thousands) | |||||||||||||||||
Consolidated Balance Sheet
Data:
|
|||||||||||||||||
Working capital
|
$ | (54,532 | ) | $ | (15,566 | ) | $ | (52 | ) | $ | 12,489 | ||||||
Total assets
|
1,422,376 | 1,123,400 | 672,138 | 549,896 | |||||||||||||
Total long-term debt
|
493,581 | 379,000 | 179,000 | 166,000 | |||||||||||||
Stockholders equity
|
491,212 | 473,575 | 358,975 | 296,266 |
(1) | For the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, we reduced revenue for the payments of the net profits interests by $14.4 million and $8.3 million, respectively. For the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002, we reduced revenue for the payments of the net profits interests by $12.6 million, $5.8 million and $2.0 million, respectively. |
(2) | Net income for the year ended December 31, 2003 includes a $0.9 million gain from the cumulative effect of accounting change related to the adoption of SFAS No. 143, Asset Retirement Obligations, which affects its comparability with other periods presented. |
(3) | For purposes of computing the ratio of earnings to fixed charges, earnings consist of the sum of income from continuing operations before income taxes and the cumulative effect of change in accounting change, interest expense and the portion of the rent expense deemed to represent interest. Fixed charges consist of interest incurred, whether expensed or capitalized, including amortization of debt issuance costs, if applicable, and the portion of rent expense deemed to represent interest. The pro forma ratio of earnings to fixed charges after giving effect to the issuance of the notes and the application of the net proceeds therefrom would have been 4.0x for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 4.5x for the year ended December 31, 2004. |
S-5
As of December 31, | |||||||||||||
2004 | 2003 | 2002 | |||||||||||
Proved Reserves:
|
|||||||||||||
Oil (MBbls)
|
134,048 | 117,732 | 111,674 | ||||||||||
Natural Gas (MMcf)
|
234,030 | 138,950 | 99,818 | ||||||||||
Combined (MBOE)
|
173,053 | 140,890 | 128,310 | ||||||||||
Proved developed reserves (MBOE)
|
123,267 | 109,838 | 107,648 |
Nine Months | |||||||||||||||||||||
Ended | |||||||||||||||||||||
September 30, | Year Ended December 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||
2005 | 2004 | 2004 | 2003 | 2002 | |||||||||||||||||
Production Volume:
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Oil (MBbls)
|
5,082 | 4,994 | 6,679 | 6,601 | 6,037 | ||||||||||||||||
Natural gas (MMcf)
|
14,874 | 9,796 | 14,089 | 9,051 | 8,175 | ||||||||||||||||
Combined (MBOE)
|
7,561 | 6,626 | 9,027 | 8,110 | 7,399 | ||||||||||||||||
Average Realized
Prices(1):
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Oil ($/Bbl)
|
$ | 43.73 | $ | 31.62 | $ | 33.04 | $ | 26.72 | $ | 22.34 | |||||||||||
Natural gas ($/Mcf)
|
6.50 | 5.18 | 5.53 | 4.83 | 3.16 | ||||||||||||||||
Combined ($/BOE)
|
42.17 | 31.49 | 33.07 | 27.14 | 21.72 | ||||||||||||||||
Average Wellhead
Prices(2):
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Oil ($/Bbl)
|
$ | 50.07 | $ | 36.35 | $ | 38.24 | $ | 28.82 | $ | 23.38 | |||||||||||
Natural gas ($/Mcf)
|
7.04 | 5.35 | 5.76 | 5.00 | 3.03 | ||||||||||||||||
Combined ($/BOE)
|
47.49 | 35.30 | 37.28 | 29.03 | 22.42 | ||||||||||||||||
Costs per BOE:
|
|||||||||||||||||||||
Lease operations
|
$ | 6.41 | $ | 5.09 | $ | 5.22 | $ | 4.67 | $ | 4.15 | |||||||||||
Production, ad valorem and
severance taxes
|
4.16 | 3.19 | 3.36 | 2.71 | 2.12 | ||||||||||||||||
Depletion, depreciation and
amortization
|
7.93 | 5.02 | 5.38 | 4.13 | 4.67 | ||||||||||||||||
Exploration
|
1.48 | 0.33 | 0.43 | | | ||||||||||||||||
General and administrative
(excluding non-cash stock based compensation)
|
1.49 | 1.15 | 1.22 | 1.07 | 0.83 |
(1) | Represents revenue per unit as reported, which includes the impact of oil and natural gas hedging transactions. |
(2) | Represents revenue per unit unadjusted for the effect of oil and natural gas hedging transactions. |
S-6
S-7
it may be more difficult for us to satisfy our obligations with
respect to the notes;
we may have difficulties borrowing money in the future for
acquisitions, to meet our operating expenses or for other
purposes;
the amount of our interest expense may increase because certain
of our borrowings not subject to interest rate protection hedges
are at variable rates of interest, which, if interest rates
increase, could result in higher interest expense;
we will need to use a portion of the money we earn to pay
principal and interest on our debt which will reduce the amount
of money we have to finance our operations and other business
activities;
we may be more vulnerable to economic downturns and adverse
developments in our industry; and
our debt level could limit our flexibility in planning for, or
reacting to, changes in our business and the industry in which
we operate.
S-8
S-9
intended to hinder, delay or defraud any present or future
creditor or received less than reasonably equivalent value or
fair compensation for the guarantee;
was insolvent or rendered insolvent by making the guarantee;
was engaged in a business or transaction for which the
guarantors remaining assets constituted unreasonably small
capital; or
intended to incur, or believed that it would incur, debts beyond
its ability to pay them as they mature.
the sum of its debts, including contingent liabilities, was
greater than the fair saleable value of all of its assets;
the present fair saleable value of its assets was less than the
amount that would be required to pay its probable liability on
its existing debts, including contingent liabilities, as they
become absolute and mature; or
it could not pay its debts as they become due.
S-10
S-11
S-12
on an actual basis;
a pro forma basis to reflect amounts outstanding under our
revolving credit facility as of October 31, 2005,
approximately $96.0 million of which was used to fund our
recent acquisition of Crusader Energy Corporation and related
expenses; and
on a pro forma as adjusted basis to reflect the offering by us
of the notes and the application of the net proceeds we receive
from this offering as described under Use of
Proceeds.
September 30, 2005 | |||||||||||||
Pro Forma As | |||||||||||||
Historical | Pro Forma | Adjusted | |||||||||||
(In thousands) | |||||||||||||
Cash and cash
equivalents
|
$ | 2,554 | $ | 2,554 | $ | 2,554 | |||||||
Total long-term debt:
|
|||||||||||||
Revolving credit facility
|
$ | 49,000 | $ | 149,000 | $ | 1,080 | |||||||
6.25% senior subordinated
notes due 2014
|
150,000 | 150,000 | 150,000 | ||||||||||
6.0% senior subordinated notes
due 2015
|
294,581 | 294,581 | 294,581 | ||||||||||
% senior
subordinated notes due 2017
|
| | 150,000 | ||||||||||
Total long-term debt
|
$ | 493,581 | $ | 593,581 | $ | 595,661 | |||||||
Stockholders
equity:
|
|||||||||||||
Preferred stock
|
| | | ||||||||||
Common stock
|
$ | 494 | $ | 494 | $ | 494 | |||||||
Additional paid-in capital
|
324,502 | 324,502 | 324,502 | ||||||||||
Deferred compensation
|
(8,964 | ) | (8,964 | ) | (8,964 | ) | |||||||
Retained earnings
|
265,756 | 265,756 | 265,756 | ||||||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive
income
|
(90,576 | ) | (90,576 | ) | (90,576 | ) | |||||||
Total stockholders equity
|
491,212 | 491,212 | 491,212 | ||||||||||
Total capitalization
|
$ | 984,793 | $ | 1,084,793 | $ | 1,086,873 | |||||||
S-13
Ratio of Total Outstanding to Borrowing Base | Eurodollar Loans | Base Rate Loans | ||||||
Less than .40 to 1
|
LIBOR + 1.000 | % | Base Rate + 0.000 | % | ||||
From .40 to 1 but less than .75 to 1
|
LIBOR + 1.250 | % | Base Rate + 0.000 | % | ||||
From .75 to 1 but less than .90 to 1
|
LIBOR + 1.500 | % | Base Rate + 0.250 | % | ||||
.90 to 1 or greater
|
LIBOR + 1.750 | % | Base Rate + 0.500 | % |
| a prohibition against incurring debt in excess of $30.0 million, except for borrowings under the Revolving Credit Facility, certain subordinated debt, permitted refinancing of debt, debt under hedge transactions and intercompany debt; |
S-14
S-15
a prohibition against paying dividends or purchasing or
redeeming capital stock or prepaying indebtedness, subject to
permitted exceptions;
a restriction on creating liens on our assets, subject to
permitted exceptions;
restrictions on merging and selling assets outside the ordinary
course of business;
restrictions on use of proceeds, investments, transactions with
affiliates, changing our principal business and incurring
funding obligations under ERISA;
a provision limiting oil and natural gas hedging transactions
(other than puts) to a volume not exceeding 75% of anticipated
production from proved reserves;
a requirement that we maintain a ratio of consolidated current
assets to consolidated current liabilities of not less than 1.0
to 1.0; and
a requirement that we maintain a ratio of consolidated EBITDAX
(as defined in the Revolving Credit Facility) to the sum of
consolidated net interest expense plus letter of credit fees of
not less than 2.5 to 1.0.
we pay to the holders of such notes a redemption price of 106.0%
of the principal amount of the 6.0% Notes, plus accrued and
unpaid interest to the date of redemption; and
at least 65% of the aggregate principal amount of the
6.0% Notes remains outstanding after each such redemption,
other than 6.0% Notes held by us or our affiliates.
incur additional indebtedness;
pay dividends on our capital stock or redeem, repurchase or
retire our capital stock or subordinated indebtedness;
make investments;
incur liens;
S-16
create any consensual limitation on the ability of our
restricted subsidiaries to pay dividends, make loans or transfer
property to us;
engage in transactions with our affiliates;
sell assets, including capital stock of our subsidiaries; and
consolidate, merge or transfer assets.
we pay to the holders of such notes a redemption price of
106.25% of the principal amount of the 6.25% Notes, plus
accrued and unpaid interest to the date of redemption; and
at least 65% of the aggregate principal amount of the
6.25% Notes remains outstanding after each such redemption,
other than 6.25% Notes held by us or our affiliates.
incur additional indebtedness;
pay dividends on our capital stock or redeem, repurchase or
retire our capital stock or subordinated indebtedness;
make investments;
incur liens;
S-17
create any consensual limitation on the ability of our
restricted subsidiaries to pay dividends, make loans or transfer
property to us;
engage in transactions with our affiliates;
sell assets, including capital stock of our subsidiaries; and
consolidate, merge or transfer assets.
S-18
are unsecured senior subordinated obligations of the Company;
are subordinated in right of payment to all existing and future
Senior Indebtedness of the Company;
are senior in right of payment to any future Subordinated
Obligations of the Company; and
are guaranteed by each Subsidiary Guarantor.
Period | Redemption Price | |||
2010
|
% | |||
2011
|
% | |||
2012
|
% | |||
2013 and thereafter
|
% |
(1) at least 65% of such aggregate principal amount of Notes (which includes Additional Notes, if any) remains outstanding immediately after the occurrence of each such redemption (other than Notes held, directly or indirectly, by the Company or its Affiliates); and | |
(2) each such redemption occurs within 180 days after the date of the related Equity Offering. |
(1) the principal amount thereof, plus | |
(2) accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the redemption date, plus | |
(3) the Applicable Premium at the redemption date. |
S-19
S-20
(1) upon the sale or other disposition (including by way of
consolidation or merger) of all of the Capital Stock of that
Subsidiary Guarantor;
(2) upon the sale or disposition of all or substantially
all the assets of that Subsidiary Guarantor; or
(3) upon the designation of such Subsidiary Guarantor as an
Unrestricted Subsidiary;
S-21
(1) the Companys Senior Indebtedness would have been
approximately $1.1 million, all of which would have been
secured indebtedness; and
(2) the Senior Indebtedness of the Subsidiary Guarantors
would have been approximately $1.1 million, all of which
would have consisted of their respective guaranties of Senior
Indebtedness of the Company under the Revolving Credit Facility.
S-22
(1) any Obligation on any Designated Senior Indebtedness of
the Company is not paid in full in cash when due; or
(2) any other default on Designated Senior Indebtedness of
the Company occurs and the maturity of such Designated Senior
Indebtedness is accelerated in accordance with its terms;
(1) by written notice to the Trustee and us from the Person
or Persons who gave such Blockage Notice;
(2) because the default giving rise to such Blockage Notice
is cured, waived or otherwise no longer continuing; or
(3) because such Designated Senior Indebtedness has been
discharged or repaid in full in cash.
S-23
(1) the holders of Senior Indebtedness of the Company will
be entitled to receive payment in full in cash of such Senior
Indebtedness before the holders of the Notes are entitled to
receive any payment;
(2) until the Senior Indebtedness of the Company is paid in
full in cash, any payment or distribution to which holders of
the Notes would be entitled but for the subordination provisions
of the Indenture will be made to holders of such Senior
Indebtedness as their interests may appear, except that holders
of Notes may receive shares of stock and any debt securities
that are subordinated to such Senior Indebtedness to at least
the same extent as the Notes.
(1) any person (as such term is used in
Sections 13(d) and 14(d) of the Exchange Act), other than
one or more Permitted Holders, is or becomes the
beneficial owner (as defined in Rules 13d-3 and
13d-5 under the Exchange Act), except that for
S-24
purposes of this clause (1) such person shall be deemed to
have beneficial ownership of all shares that any
such person has the right to acquire, whether such right is
exercisable immediately or only after the passage of time),
directly or indirectly, of more than 50% of the total voting
power of the Voting Stock of the Company; provided, however,
that the Permitted Holders beneficially own (as defined in
Rules 13d-3 and 13d-5 under the Exchange Act), directly or
indirectly, in the aggregate a lesser percentage of the total
voting power of the Voting Stock of the Company than such other
person and do not have the right or ability by voting power,
contract or otherwise to elect or designate for election a
majority of the Board of Directors (for the purposes of this
clause (1), such other person shall be deemed to
beneficially own any Voting Stock of a Person (the
specified person) held by any other Person (the
parent entity), if such other person is the
beneficial owner (as defined above in this clause (1)),
directly or indirectly, of more than 50% of the voting power of
the Voting Stock of such parent entity and the Permitted Holders
beneficially own (as defined in Rules 13d-3 and 13d-5 under
the Exchange Act), directly or indirectly, in the aggregate a
lesser percentage of the voting power of the Voting Stock of
such parent entity and do not have the right or ability by
voting power, contract or otherwise to elect or designate for
election a majority of the board of directors of such parent
entity);
(2) during any period of two consecutive years, individuals
who, at the beginning of such period, constituted the Board of
Directors (together with (A) any new directors whose
election by such Board of Directors or whose nomination for
election by the shareholders of the Company was approved by a
vote of the majority of the directors of the Company then still
in office who were either directors at the beginning of such
period or whose election or nomination for election was
previously so approved and (B) any representative of a
Permitted Holder) cease for any reason to constitute a majority
of the Board of Directors then in office;
(3) the adoption of a plan relating to the liquidation or
dissolution of the Company; or
(4) the merger or consolidation of the Company with or into
another Person or the merger of another Person with or into the
Company, or the sale of all or substantially all the assets of
the Company (determined on a consolidated basis) to another
Person (other than, in all such cases, a Person that is
controlled by one or more Permitted Holders), other than a
transaction following which (A) in the case of a merger or
consolidation transaction, holders of securities that
represented 100% of the Voting Stock of the Company immediately
prior to such transaction (or other securities into which such
securities are converted as part of such merger or consolidation
transaction) own directly or indirectly at least a majority of
the voting power of the Voting Stock of the surviving Person in
such merger or consolidation transaction immediately after such
transaction and (B) in the case of a sale of assets
transaction, each transferee becomes an obligor in respect of
the Notes and a Subsidiary of the transferor of such assets.
(1) that a Change of Control has occurred and that such
Holder has the right to require us to purchase such
Holders Notes at a purchase price in cash equal to 101% of
the principal amount thereof on the date of purchase, plus
accrued and unpaid interest, if any, to the date of purchase
(subject to the right of Holders of record on the relevant
record date to receive interest on the relevant interest payment
date);
(2) the circumstances and relevant facts regarding such
Change of Control (including information with respect to pro
forma historical income, cash flow and capitalization, in
each case after giving effect to such Change of Control);
S-25
(3) the purchase date (which shall be no earlier than
30 days nor later than 60 days from the date such
notice is mailed); and
(4) the instructions, as determined by us, consistent with
this change of control covenant, that a Holder must follow in
order to have its Notes purchased.
S-26
(a) paragraphs (a) through (d) of the
covenant described under Limitation on
Indebtedness;
(b) Limitation on Restricted
Payments;
(c) Limitation on Restrictions on
Distributions from Restricted Subsidiaries;
(d) Limitation on Sales of Assets and
Subsidiary Stock;
(e) Limitation on Affiliate
Transactions;
(f) clause (3) of the covenant described under
Merger and Consolidation; and
(g) Future Guarantors
(collectively, the Suspended Covenants).
S-27
(1) Indebtedness Incurred by the Company and its Restricted
Subsidiaries pursuant to Credit Facilities; provided,
however, that, immediately after giving effect to any such
Incurrence, the aggregate principal amount of all Indebtedness
Incurred under this clause (1) and then outstanding does
not exceed the greater of (A) $300 million less the
sum of all principal payments since the Issue Date with respect
to such Indebtedness pursuant to paragraph (a)(3)(A) of the
covenant described under Limitation on Sales
of Assets and Subsidiary Stock and
(B) $150 million plus 20% of ACNTA as of the date of
such Incurrence;
(2) Indebtedness owed to and held by the Company or a
Restricted Subsidiary; provided, however, that
(A) any subsequent issuance or transfer of any Capital
Stock which results in any such Restricted Subsidiary ceasing to
be a Restricted Subsidiary or any subsequent transfer of such
Indebtedness (other than to the Company or a Restricted
Subsidiary) shall be deemed, in each case, to constitute the
Incurrence of such Indebtedness by the obligor thereon and
(B) if the Company or a Subsidiary Guarantor is the obligor
on such Indebtedness, unless such Indebtedness is owing to the
Company or a Subsidiary Guarantor, such Indebtedness is
expressly subordinated to the prior payment in full in cash of
all obligations with respect to the Notes;
(3) the Notes (but excluding any Additional Notes) and all
Subsidiary Guaranties;
(4) Indebtedness outstanding on the Issue Date (other than
Indebtedness described in clause (1), (2) or
(3) of this covenant);
(5) Indebtedness of a Restricted Subsidiary Incurred and
outstanding on or prior to the date on which such Subsidiary
became a Restricted Subsidiary or was acquired by the Company
(other than Indebtedness Incurred in connection with, or to
provide all or any portion of the funds or credit support
utilized to consummate, the transaction or series of related
transactions pursuant to which such Subsidiary became a
Restricted Subsidiary or was acquired by the Company);
provided, however, that on the date such Subsidiary
became a Restricted Subsidiary or was acquired by the Company
and after giving pro forma effect thereto, the Company
would have been able to Incur at least $1.00 of additional
Indebtedness pursuant to paragraph (a) of this
covenant;
(6) Refinancing Indebtedness in respect of Indebtedness
Incurred pursuant to paragraph (a) or pursuant to
clause (3), (4), or (5) or this clause (6);
provided, however, that to the extent such Refinancing
Indebtedness directly or indirectly Refinances Indebtedness of a
Restricted Subsidiary Incurred pursuant to clause (5), such
Refinancing Indebtedness shall be Incurred only by such
Restricted Subsidiary;
(7) Hedging Obligations consisting of Interest Rate
Agreements directly related to Indebtedness outstanding on the
Issue Date or permitted to be Incurred by the Company and its
Restricted Subsidiaries pursuant to the Indenture;
(8) Hedging Obligations consisting of Oil and Natural Gas
Hedging Contracts and Currency Agreements entered into in the
ordinary course of business for the purpose of limiting risks
that arise in the ordinary course of business of the Company and
its Subsidiaries;
(9) Indebtedness in respect of performance, bid and surety
bonds, including Guarantees and letters of credit functioning as
or supporting such performance, bid and surety bonds, completion
guarantees and other reimbursement obligations provided by the
S-28
Company or any Restricted Subsidiary in the ordinary course of
business (in each case other than for an obligation for money
borrowed);
(10) Indebtedness arising from the honoring by a bank or
other financial institution of a check, draft or similar
instrument drawn against insufficient funds in the ordinary
course of business; provided, however, that such
Indebtedness is extinguished within two Business Days of its
Incurrence;
(11) Indebtedness consisting of any Guarantee by the
Company or a Subsidiary Guarantor of Indebtedness of the Company
or a Subsidiary Guarantor outstanding on the Issue Date or
permitted by the Indenture to be Incurred by the Company or a
Subsidiary Guarantor;
(12) Indebtedness represented by Capital Lease Obligations,
mortgage financings or purchase money obligations, in each case,
Incurred for the purpose of financing all or any part of the
purchase price, cost of construction or improvement or carrying
cost of assets used in the business of the Company and its
Restricted Subsidiaries and related financing costs, and
Refinancing Indebtedness Incurred to Refinance any Indebtedness
Incurred pursuant to this clause, in an aggregate principal
amount at any one time outstanding not to exceed
$25.0 million;
(13) Indebtedness arising from any agreement providing for
indemnities, Guarantees, purchase price adjustments, holdbacks,
contingency payment obligations based on the performance of the
acquired or disposed assets or similar obligations (other than
Guarantees of Indebtedness) Incurred by any Person in connection
with the acquisition or disposition of assets;
(14) Indebtedness in respect of in-kind obligations
relating to net oil or natural gas balancing positions arising
in the ordinary course of business;
(15) Non-Recourse Purchase Money Indebtedness Incurred by
the Company and any Subsidiary Guarantors; provided,
however, that immediately after giving effect to any such
Incurrence, the aggregate principal amount of all Non-Recourse
Purchase Money Indebtedness Incurred under this
clause (15) and then outstanding does not exceed
$25.0 million; and
(16) Indebtedness of the Company or of any of its
Restricted Subsidiaries in an aggregate principal amount which,
when taken together with all other Indebtedness of the Company
and its Restricted Subsidiaries outstanding on the date of such
Incurrence (other than Indebtedness permitted by
clauses (1) through (15) above or the foregoing
paragraph (a)) does not exceed $40.0 million of which
not more than $20.0 million may be Indebtedness of
Restricted Subsidiaries that are not Subsidiary Guarantors.
(1) any Indebtedness remaining outstanding under the
Revolving Credit Facility after the application of the net
proceeds from the sale of the Notes will be treated as Incurred
on the Issue Date under clause (1) of
paragraph (b) above;
(2) in the event that an item of Indebtedness (or any
portion thereof) meets the criteria of more than one of the
types of Indebtedness described above, or is entitled to be
incurred in compliance with the Consolidated Coverage Ratio in
clause (a) of this covenant,
S-29
the Company, in its sole discretion, may classify such item of
Indebtedness (or any portion thereof) in any manner that
complies with this covenant and will only be required to include
the amount and type of such Indebtedness in one of the above
clauses; and
(3) the Company will be entitled to divide and classify an
item of Indebtedness in more than one of the types of
Indebtedness described above or as having been incurred in
compliance with the Consolidated Coverage Ratio in
clause (a) of this covenant.
(1) a Default shall have occurred and be continuing (or
would result therefrom);
(2) the Company is not entitled to Incur an additional
$1.00 of Indebtedness pursuant to paragraph (a) of the
covenant described under Limitation on
Indebtedness; or
(3) the aggregate amount of such Restricted Payment and all
other Restricted Payments
since ,
2005 would exceed the sum of (without duplication):
(A) 50% of the Consolidated Net Income accrued during the
period (treated as one accounting period) from the beginning of
the fiscal quarter immediately following the fiscal quarter
during
which ,
2005 occurs to the end of the most recent fiscal quarter for
which financial statements of the Company are publicly available
prior to the date of such Restricted Payment (or, in case such
Consolidated Net Income shall be a deficit, minus 100% of such
deficit); plus
(B) 100% of the aggregate Net Cash Proceeds or the fair
market value of property other than cash (including Capital
Stock of Persons engaged in the Oil and Gas Business or assets
used in the Oil and Gas Business) received by the Company from
the issuance or sale of its Capital Stock (other than
Disqualified Stock) subsequent
to ,
2005 (other than an issuance or sale to a Subsidiary of the
Company and other than an issuance or sale to an employee stock
ownership plan or to a trust established by the Company or any
of its Subsidiaries for the benefit of their employees) and 100%
of any cash capital contribution, or the fair market value of
property other than cash, received by the Company from its
shareholders subsequent
to ,
2005; plus
(C) the aggregate Net Cash Proceeds received by the Company
subsequent
to ,
2005 from the issuance or sale of its Capital Stock (other than
Disqualified Stock) to an employee stock ownership plan or to a
trust established by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries for
the benefit of their employees; provided, however, that
if such employee stock ownership plan or trust Incurs any
Indebtedness to finance the purchase of such Capital Stock, such
aggregate amount shall be limited to the excess of such Net Cash
Proceeds over the amount of such Indebtedness plus an amount
equal to any increase in the Consolidated Net Worth of the
Company resulting from principal repayments made from time to
time by such employee stock ownership plan or trust with respect
to such Indebtedness; plus
S-30
(D) the amount by which Indebtedness of the Company or a
Restricted Subsidiary is reduced on the Companys
consolidated balance sheet upon the conversion or exchange
subsequent
to ,
2005 of any Indebtedness of the Company or any Restricted
Subsidiary convertible or exchangeable for Capital Stock (other
than Disqualified Stock) of the Company (less the amount of any
cash, or the fair value of any other property, distributed by
the Company upon such conversion or exchange); provided,
however, that the foregoing amount shall not exceed the Net
Cash Proceeds received by the Company or any Restricted
Subsidiary from the sale of such Indebtedness (excluding Net
Cash Proceeds from sales to a Subsidiary of the Company or to an
employee stock ownership plan or to a trust established by the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries for the benefit of their
employees); plus
(E) an amount equal to the sum of (x) the net
reduction in the Investments (other than Permitted Investments)
made by the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary in any Person
(including any Unrestricted Subsidiary) resulting from
repurchases, repayments or redemptions of such Investments by
such Person, proceeds realized on the sale of such Investment
and proceeds representing the return of capital (excluding
dividends and distributions), in each case received by the
Company or any Restricted Subsidiary, and (y) to the extent
such Person is an Unrestricted Subsidiary, the portion
(proportionate to the Companys equity interest in such
Subsidiary) of the fair market value of the net assets of such
Unrestricted Subsidiary at the time such Unrestricted Subsidiary
is designated a Restricted Subsidiary; provided, however,
that to the extent the foregoing sum exceeds, in the case of any
such Person or Unrestricted Subsidiary, the amount of
Investments (excluding Permitted Investments) previously made
(and treated as a Restricted Payment) by the Company or any
Restricted Subsidiary in such Person or Unrestricted Subsidiary,
such excess shall not be included in this clause (E) unless
the amount represented by such excess has not been and will not
be taken into account in one of the foregoing
clauses (A)-(D); plus
(F) $25.0 million.
(1) any Restricted Payment made out of the Net Cash
Proceeds of the substantially concurrent issuance or sale of, or
made by conversion into or exchange for, Capital Stock of the
Company (other than Disqualified Stock and other than Capital
Stock issued or sold to a Subsidiary of the Company or an
employee stock ownership plan or to a trust established by the
Company or any of its Subsidiaries for the benefit of their
employees) or a substantially concurrent cash capital
contribution received by the Company from one or more of its
shareholders; provided, however, that (A) such
Restricted Payment shall be excluded in the calculation of the
amount of Restricted Payments under clause (a)(3) of this
covenant, and (B) the Net Cash Proceeds from such sale or
such cash capital contribution (to the extent so used for such
Restricted Payment) shall be excluded from the calculation of
amounts under clause (3)(B) of
paragraph (a) above;
(2) any purchase, repurchase, redemption, defeasance or
other acquisition or retirement for value of Subordinated
Obligations of the Company or any Subsidiary Guarantor made by
exchange for, or out of the proceeds of the substantially
concurrent Incurrence or sale of, Indebtedness which is
permitted to be Incurred pursuant to the covenant described
under Limitation on Indebtedness;
provided, however, that such purchase, repurchase,
redemption, defeasance or other acquisition or retirement for
value shall be excluded in the calculation of the amount of
Restricted Payments under clause (a)(3) of this covenant;
S-31
(3) any purchase, repurchase, redemption, defeasance or
other acquisition or retirement for value of Disqualified Stock
of the Company or a Subsidiary Guarantor made by conversion into
or exchange for, or out of the proceeds of the substantially
concurrent issuance or sale (other than to a Subsidiary of the
Company or an employee stock ownership plan or to a trust
established by the Company or any of its Subsidiaries for the
benefit of their employees) of, Disqualified Stock of the
Company which is permitted to be issued pursuant to the covenant
described under Limitation on
Indebtedness; provided, however, that such
purchase, repurchase, redemption, defeasance or other
acquisition or retirement for value shall be excluded in the
calculation of the amount of Restricted Payments under
clause (a)(3) of this covenant;
(4) dividends paid within 60 days after the date of
declaration thereof if at such date of declaration such dividend
would have complied with this covenant; provided,
however, that at the time of payment of such dividend, no
other Default shall have occurred and be continuing (or result
therefrom); provided further, however, that such dividend
shall be included in the calculation of the amount of Restricted
Payments under clause (a)(3) of this covenant at the time
of payment;
(5) so long as no Default has occurred and is continuing,
the purchase, redemption or other acquisition or retirement for
value of shares of Capital Stock of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries from employees, former employees, directors or
former directors of the Company or any of its Subsidiaries (or
the respective heirs, estates or permitted transferees of such
employees, former employees, directors or former directors),
pursuant to the terms of the agreements (including employment
agreements) or plans (or amendments thereto) approved by the
Board of Directors under which such individuals purchase or sell
or are granted the option to purchase or sell, shares of such
Capital Stock; provided, however, that the aggregate
amount of such purchases, redemptions and other acquisitions and
retirements (excluding amounts representing cancellation of
Indebtedness) shall not exceed $3.0 million in any
twelve-month period; provided further, however, that such
purchases, redemptions and other acquisitions and retirements
shall be excluded in the calculation of the amount of Restricted
Payments under clause (a)(3) of this covenant;
(6) repurchases, acquisitions or retirements of shares of
Company common stock deemed to occur upon the exercise of stock
options or similar rights issued under employee benefit plans
when shares are surrendered to pay all or a portion of the
exercise price or to satisfy any federal income tax obligations;
provided, however, that such repurchases, acquisitions or
retirements shall be excluded in the calculation of the amount
of Restricted Payments under clause (a)(3) of this covenant;
(7) the payment of cash in lieu of fractional shares of
Capital Stock in connection with any transaction otherwise
permitted under this covenant; provided, however, that
such payment will be excluded in the calculation of the amount
of Restricted Payments under clause (a)(3) of this covenant;
(8) payments to dissenting stockholders (x) pursuant
to applicable law or (y) in connection with the settlement
or other satisfaction of legal claims made pursuant to or in
connection with a consolidation, merger or transfer of assets in
connection with a transaction that is not prohibited by the
Indenture; provided, however, that such payments will be
included in the calculation of the amount of Restricted Payments
under clause (a)(3) of this covenant; and
(9) upon the occurrence of a Change of Control or an Asset
Disposition and within 60 days after the completion of the
offer to repurchase the Notes pursuant to the covenants
described under Change of Control above
or Limitation on Sales of Assets and
Subsidiary Stock below, (including the purchase of all
Notes tendered), any purchase, repurchase, redemption,
defeasance, acquisition or other retirement for value of Subordi-
S-32
nated Obligations required pursuant to the terms thereof as a
result of such Change of Control or Asset Disposition at a
purchase or redemption price not to exceed 101% of the
outstanding principal amount thereof, plus accrued and unpaid
interest thereon, if any; provided, however, that (A) at
the time of such purchase, repurchase, redemption, defeasance or
other acquisition or retirement for value, no Default shall have
occurred and be continuing (or would result therefrom), and
(B) such purchase, repurchase redemption, defeasance or
other acquisition and retirement for value will be excluded in
the calculation of the amount of Restricted Payments under
clause (a)(3) of this covenant.
(1) with respect to clauses (a), (b) and (c),
(i) any encumbrance or restriction pursuant to an agreement
governing Indebtedness or Capital Stock and other agreements or
instruments in effect at or entered into on the Issue Date;
(ii) any encumbrance or restriction with respect to a
Restricted Subsidiary pursuant to an agreement relating to any
Indebtedness Incurred by such Restricted Subsidiary or Capital
Stock or other agreement or instrument of such Restricted
Subsidiary in existence on or prior to the date on which such
Restricted Subsidiary was acquired by the Company or otherwise
became a Restricted Subsidiary (other than Indebtedness
Incurred, Capital Stock issued or agreements or instruments
entered into as consideration in, or to provide all or any
portion of the funds or credit support utilized to consummate,
the transaction or series of related transactions pursuant to
which such Restricted Subsidiary became a Restricted Subsidiary
or was acquired by the Company) and outstanding on such date;
(iii) any encumbrance or restriction pursuant to an
agreement effecting a Refinancing in whole or in part of
Indebtedness Incurred pursuant to an agreement referred to in
clause (i) or (ii) of clause (1) of this covenant
or this clause (iii) or clause (B) of
clause (2) of this covenant or contained in any amendment
to, or modification, restatement, renewal, increase, supplement,
replacement or extension of, an agreement referred to in
clause (i) or (ii) of clause (1) of this covenant
or this clause (iii) or clause (B) of
clause (2) of this covenant; provided, however, that
the encumbrances and restrictions with respect to such
Restricted Subsidiary contained in any such refinancing
agreement or amendment, modification, restatement, renewal,
increase, supplement, replacement or extension agreement are not
materially more restrictive, taken as a whole, than encumbrances
and restrictions with respect to such Restricted Subsidiary
contained in such predecessor agreements;
S-33
(iv) any customary encumbrance or restriction with respect
to a Restricted Subsidiary imposed pursuant to a merger
agreement or an agreement entered into for the sale or
disposition of all or substantially all the Capital Stock or
assets of such Restricted Subsidiary pending the closing of such
sale or disposition;
(v) customary encumbrances and restrictions contained in
agreements of the types described in the definition of the term
Permitted Business Investments; and
(vi) customary supermajority voting provisions and other
customary provisions with respect to the disposition or
distribution of assets, each contained in corporate charters,
bylaws, stockholders agreements, limited liability company
agreements, partnership agreements, joint venture agreements and
other similar agreements entered into in the ordinary course of
business of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries;
(2) with respect to clause (c) only,
(A) any such encumbrance or restriction consisting of
customary nonassignment provisions (including provisions
forbidding subletting or sublicensing) in leases governing
leasehold interests and licenses to the extent such provisions
restrict the transfer of the lease or license or the property
leased, or licensed thereunder;
(B) any encumbrance or restriction contained in credit
agreements, security agreements or mortgages securing
Indebtedness of the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary or in
Production Payments and Reserve Sales, to the extent such
encumbrance or restriction restricts the transfer of the
property subject to such credit agreements, security agreements,
mortgages or Production Payments and Reserve Sales;
(C) encumbrances and restrictions contained in any
agreement, instrument or Capital Stock assumed by the Company or
any of its Restricted Subsidiaries or for which any of them
becomes liable as in effect at the time of such transaction
(except to the extent such agreement, instrument or Capital
Stock was entered into in connection with or in contemplation of
such transaction), which encumbrances and restrictions are not
applicable to any assets other than assets acquired in
connection with such transaction and all improvements, additions
and accessions thereto and products and proceeds thereof;
(D) restrictions on cash or other deposits imposed by
customers under contracts entered into in the ordinary course of
business;
(E) encumbrances and restrictions contained in contracts
entered into in the ordinary course of business, not relating to
any Indebtedness, and that do not, individually or in the
aggregate, detract from the value of, or from the ability of the
Company and the Restricted Subsidiaries to realize the value of,
property or assets of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary
in any manner material to the Company or any Restricted
Subsidiary;
(F) restrictions on the transfer of property or assets
required by any regulatory authority having jurisdiction over
the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary; and
(G) customary restrictions contained in asset sale
agreements limiting the transfer of such assets pending the
closing of such sale.
S-34
(1) the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary receives
consideration at the time of such Asset Disposition at least
equal to the fair market value (including as to the value of all
non-cash consideration) (as determined in good faith by the
Board of Directors, an Officer or an officer of such Restricted
Subsidiary with responsibility for such transaction, which
determination shall be conclusive evidence of compliance with
this provision), of the shares and assets subject to such Asset
Disposition;
(2) at least 75% of the consideration thereof received by
the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary is in the form of cash
or cash equivalents, Additional Assets or any combination
thereof (collectively, the Cash
Consideration); and
(3) an amount equal to 100% of the Net Available Cash from
such Asset Disposition is applied by the Company (or such
Restricted Subsidiary, as the case may be):
(A) first, to the extent the Company elects (or is
required by the terms of any Indebtedness), to prepay, repay,
redeem or purchase Senior Indebtedness of the Company or any
Subsidiary Guarantor or Indebtedness (other than any
Disqualified Stock) of a Wholly Owned Subsidiary that is not a
Subsidiary Guarantor (in each case other than Indebtedness owed
to the Company or an Affiliate of the Company) within one year
from the later of the date of such Asset Disposition or the
receipt of such Net Available Cash;
(B) second, to the extent of the balance of such Net
Available Cash after application in accordance with
clause (A), to the extent the Company elects, to acquire
Additional Assets or to make capital expenditures in the Oil and
Gas Business within one year from the later of the date of such
Asset Disposition or the receipt of such Net Available
Cash; and
(C) third, to the extent of the balance of such Net
Available Cash after application in accordance with
clauses (A) and (B), to make an offer to the holders
of the Notes (and to holders of other Senior Subordinated
Indebtedness of the Company designated by the Company) to
purchase Notes (and such other Senior Subordinated Indebtedness
of the Company) pursuant to and subject to the conditions
contained in the Indenture;
provided, however, that in connection with any
prepayment, repayment, purchase, repurchase, redemption,
defeasance or other acquisition or retirement for value of
Indebtedness pursuant to clause (A) or (C) above,
the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary shall permanently
retire such Indebtedness and shall cause the related loan
commitment (if any) to be permanently reduced in an amount equal
to the principal amount so prepaid, repaid or purchased.
S-35
(1) any liabilities, as shown on the Companys or such
Restricted Subsidiarys most recent balance sheet, of the
Company or any Restricted Subsidiary (other than contingent
liabilities and liabilities that are by their terms subordinated
to the Notes or any Subsidiary Guaranty) that are assumed by the
transferee of any such assets pursuant to (1) a customary
novation agreement that releases the Company or such Restricted
Subsidiary from further liability or (2) an assignment
agreement that includes, in lieu of such a release, the
agreement of the transferee or its parent company to indemnify
and hold harmless the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary from
and against any loss, liability or cost in respect of such
assumed liability (provided, however, that such
indemnifying party (or its long-term debt securities) shall have
an Investment Grade Rating (with no indication of a negative
outlook or credit watch with negative implications, in any case,
that contemplates such indemnifying party (or its long-term debt
securities) failing to have an Investment Grade Rating) at the
time the indemnity is entered into);
(2) any non-Cash Consideration received by the Company or
any Restricted Subsidiary from the transferee that is converted,
monetized, sold or exchanged by the Company or such Restricted
Subsidiary into cash or cash equivalents within 120 days of
receipt.
S-36
(1) the terms of the Affiliate Transaction are no less
favorable to the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary than
those that could reasonably be expected to be obtained at the
time of the Affiliate Transaction in arms-length dealings
with a Person who is not an Affiliate;
(2) if such Affiliate Transaction involves an amount in
excess of $10.0 million, the terms of the Affiliate
Transaction are set forth in writing and a majority of the
non-employee directors of the Company disinterested with respect
to such Affiliate Transaction have determined in good faith that
the criteria set forth in clause (1) are satisfied and have
approved the relevant Affiliate Transaction as evidenced by a
resolution of the Board of Directors; and
(3) if such Affiliate Transaction involves an amount in
excess of $25.0 million, the Board of Directors shall also
have received a written opinion from an Independent Qualified
Party to the effect that such Affiliate Transaction is fair,
from a financial standpoint, to the Company and its Restricted
Subsidiaries or is not less favorable to the Company and its
Restricted Subsidiaries than could reasonably be expected to be
obtained at the time in an arms-length transaction with a
Person who was not an Affiliate.
(1) any Investment (other than a Permitted Investment) or
other Restricted Payment, in each case not prohibited to be made
pursuant to the covenant described under
Limitation on Restricted Payments;
(2) any issuance of securities, or other payments, awards
or grants in cash, securities or otherwise pursuant to, or the
funding of, employment and severance arrangements, stock options
and stock ownership plans, phantom stock or other incentive
benefit plans approved by the Board of Directors;
(3) loans or advances to officers, directors and employees
in the ordinary course of business of the Company or its
Restricted Subsidiaries, but in any event not to exceed
$3.0 million in the aggregate outstanding at any one time;
S-37
(4) any transaction with a Restricted Subsidiary or joint
venture or similar entity which would constitute an Affiliate
Transaction solely because the Company or a Restricted
Subsidiary owns an equity interest in or otherwise controls such
Restricted Subsidiary, joint venture or similar entity;
(5) the issuance or sale of any Capital Stock (other than
Disqualified Stock) of the Company;
(6) reasonable fees and reasonable compensation paid to,
and indemnity and similar arrangements provided on behalf of,
officers, directors and employees of the Company or any
Restricted Subsidiary as determined in good faith by the Board
of Directors or the Companys senior management; and
(7) any agreement as in effect on the Issue Date or any
renewals, extensions or replacements of any such agreement (so
long as such renewals, extensions or replacements are not less
favorable to the Company or the Restricted Subsidiaries than the
original agreement in effect on the Issue Date) and the
transactions evidenced thereby.
(1) the resulting, surviving or transferee Person (the
Successor Company) shall be a Person
organized and existing under the laws of the United States of
America, any State thereof or the District of Columbia and the
Successor Company (if not the Company) shall expressly assume,
by an indenture supplemental thereto, executed and delivered to
the Trustee, in form satisfactory to the Trustee, all the
obligations of the Company under the Notes and the Indenture;
(2) immediately after giving pro forma effect to
such transaction (and treating any Indebtedness which becomes an
obligation of the Successor Company or any Subsidiary as a
result of such transaction as having been Incurred by such
Successor Company or such Subsidiary at the time of such
transaction), no Default shall have occurred and be continuing;
(3) immediately after giving pro forma effect to
such transaction, the Successor Company would be able to Incur
an additional $1.00 of Indebtedness pursuant to
paragraph (a) of the covenant described under
Limitation on Indebtedness;
(4) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an
Officers Certificate and an Opinion of Counsel, each
stating that such consolidation, merger, conveyance, transfer or
lease and such supplemental indenture (if any) comply with the
Indenture; and
(5) the Company shall have delivered to the Trustee an
Opinion of Counsel to the effect that the Holders will not
recognize income, gain or loss for Federal income tax purposes
as a result of such transaction and will be subject to Federal
income tax on the same amounts, in the same manner and at the
same times as would have been the case if such transaction had
not occurred;
S-38
(1) except in the case of a Subsidiary Guarantor (other
than Encore Operating, L.P. and any Subsidiary Guarantor that
directly or indirectly holds any equity interest in Encore
Operating, L.P.) that has been disposed of in its entirety to
another Person (other than to the Company or an Affiliate of the
Company), whether through a merger, consolidation or sale of
Capital Stock or assets, if in connection therewith the Company
complies with its obligations under the covenant described under
Limitation on Sales of Assets and Subsidiary
Stock in respect of such disposition, the resulting,
surviving or transferee Person (if not such Subsidiary) shall be
a Person organized and existing under the laws of the
jurisdiction under which such Subsidiary was organized or under
the laws of the United States of America, or any State thereof
or the District of Columbia, and, if such Person is not already
a Subsidiary Guarantor, such Person shall expressly assume, by a
Guaranty Agreement, in a form satisfactory to the Trustee, all
the obligations of such Subsidiary, if any, under its Subsidiary
Guaranty;
(2) immediately after giving effect to such transaction or
transactions on a pro forma basis (and treating any
Indebtedness which becomes an obligation of the resulting,
surviving or transferee Person as a result of such transaction
as having been issued by such Person at the time of such
transaction), no Default shall have occurred and be
continuing; and
(3) in the event a Guaranty Agreement is executed and
delivered pursuant to clause (1) above, the Company
delivers to the Trustee an Officers Certificate and an
Opinion of Counsel, each stating that such consolidation,
merger, conveyance, transfer or lease and such Guaranty
Agreement, if any, complies with the Indenture.
S-39
(1) a default in the payment of interest on any Note when
due and payable, and such default continues for a period of
30 days;
(2) a default in the payment of principal of any Note when
due and payable at its Stated Maturity (including upon optional
redemption, upon required purchase, upon declaration of
acceleration or otherwise);
(3) the failure by the Company to comply with its
obligations in the covenant described above under
Certain Covenants Merger and
Consolidation;
(4) the failure by the Company to comply with any of its
obligations in the covenants described above under Change
of Control (other than a failure to purchase Notes) or
under Certain Covenants under
Limitation on Indebtedness,
Limitation on Restricted Payments,
Limitation on Restrictions on Distributions
from Restricted Subsidiaries, Limitation
on Sales of Assets and Subsidiary Stock (other than a
failure to purchase Notes), Limitation on
Affiliate Transactions, Future
Guarantors and SEC Reports, and
such failure continues for 30 days after it receives a
notice of default;
(5) the failure by the Company or any Subsidiary Guarantor
to comply with its other agreements contained in the Indenture
and such failure continues for 60 days after it receives a
notice of default;
(6) Indebtedness of the Company, any Subsidiary Guarantor
or any Significant Subsidiary (other than Non-Recourse Purchase
Money Indebtedness) is not paid within any applicable grace
period after final maturity or is accelerated by the holders
thereof because of a default and the total amount of such
Indebtedness unpaid or accelerated exceeds $10.0 million
(the cross acceleration provision); provided, that
if such default is cured or waived or any such acceleration is
rescinded, or such Indebtedness is repaid, within a period of
10 days from the continuance of such default beyond the
applicable grace period or the occurrence of such acceleration,
as the case may be, such Event of Default and any consequential
acceleration of the Notes shall be automatically rescinded, so
long as such rescission does not conflict with any judgment or
decree;
(7) certain events of bankruptcy, insolvency or
reorganization of the Company, a Subsidiary Guarantor or any
Significant Subsidiary described in the Indenture (the
bankruptcy provisions);
(8) any judgment or decree for the payment of money in
excess of $10.0 million above the coverage under applicable
insurance policies and indemnities as to which the relevant
insurer or indemnitor has not disclaimed responsibility is
entered against the Company, a Subsidiary Guarantor or any
Significant Subsidiary, remains outstanding for a period of 60
consecutive days following such judgment and is not discharged,
waived or stayed (the judgment default
provision); or
S-40
(9) a Subsidiary Guaranty ceases to be in full force and
effect (other than in accordance with the terms of such
Subsidiary Guaranty) for five days after notice or a Subsidiary
Guarantor denies or disaffirms its obligations under its
Subsidiary Guaranty (the Guaranty Failure
Provision).
(1) the holder gives to the Trustee written notice of a
continuing Event of Default;
(2) the holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the
outstanding Notes make a written request to the Trustee to
pursue the remedy;
(3) such holder or holders offer to the Trustee indemnity
reasonably satisfactory to the Trustee against any loss,
liability or expense;
(4) the Trustee does not comply with such request within
60 days after the receipt thereof and the offer of
indemnity; and
(5) during that 60-day period, the holders of a majority in
principal amount of the outstanding Notes do not give the
Trustee a direction inconsistent with such request.
S-41
(1) reduce the amount of Notes whose holders must consent
to an amendment, supplement or waiver;
(2) reduce the rate of or change the time for payment of
interest, including defaulted interest, on any Note;
(3) reduce the principal of, premium on or any mandatory
sinking fund payment with respect to, or change the Stated
Maturity of, any Note;
(4) reduce the premium, if any, payable on the redemption
of any Note or change the time at which any Note may or shall be
redeemed;
(5) make any Note payable in money other than that stated
in the Note;
(6) impair the right of any holder of the Notes to
institute suit for the enforcement of any payment principal of,
premium (if any) or interest on or with respect to such
holders Notes;
(7) make any change in the waiver of past defaults
provisions, the right of holders to receive payment or the
amendment provisions which require each holders consent;
(8) modify the provisions of the Indenture with respect to
the subordination of the Notes in any manner adverse to the
holder thereof; provided, however, that any change to
conform the Indenture to this prospectus supplement will not be
deemed to adversely affect the legal rights of any holder;
(9) waive a continuing Default or Event of Default in the
payment of principal on, premium (if any) or interest on such
holders Notes; or
(10) make any change in any Subsidiary Guaranty that would
adversely affect the holders of the Notes in any material
respect.
(1) to cure any ambiguity, omission, defect or
inconsistency;
(2) to comply with the covenant described under the caption
Certain Covenants Merger and
Consolidation;
S-42
(3) to provide for uncertificated Notes in addition to or
in place of certificated Notes (provided that the uncertificated
Notes are issued in registered form for purposes of
Section 163(f) of the Code, or in a manner such that the
uncertificated Notes are described in Section 163(f)(2)(B)
of the Code);
(4) to add Guarantees with respect to the Notes, including
any Subsidiary Guaranties, to secure the Notes, or to confirm
the release, termination or discharge of any Subsidiary
Guarantor or any such Lien when such release, termination or
discharge is permitted under the Indenture;
(5) to comply with any requirement of the SEC in connection
with the qualification of the Indenture under the Trust
Indenture Act;
(6) to add to the covenants of the Company or a Subsidiary
Guarantor for the benefit of the holders of the Notes or to
surrender any right or power conferred upon the Company or a
Subsidiary Guarantor;
(7) to add any additional Events of Default with respect to
the Notes;
(8) to change or eliminate any of the provisions of the
Indenture; provided that no holder of any Note is adversely
affected in any material respect by that change in or
elimination of that provision;
(9) to supplement any of the provisions of the Indenture to
such extent as shall be necessary to permit or facilitate the
defeasance and discharge of the Notes; provided, however, that
any such action may not adversely affect the interest of the
holder of any Notes in any material respect; or
(10) to evidence and provide for the acceptance of
appointment under the Indenture by a successor trustee with
respect to the Notes and to add to or change any of the
provisions of the Indenture as shall be necessary to provide for
or facilitate the administration of the trusts thereunder by
more than one trustee; or
(11) to make any change to conform the Indenture to this
prospectus supplement that does not adversely affect the holder
of any Note.
S-43
S-44
(1) any property, plant or equipment used in a Related
Business;
(2) the Capital Stock of a Person that becomes a Restricted
Subsidiary as a result of the acquisition of such Capital Stock
by the Company or another Restricted Subsidiary; or
(3) Capital Stock constituting a minority interest in any
Person that at such time is a Restricted Subsidiary;
(a) the sum of:
(1) discounted future net revenue from proved crude oil and
natural gas reserves of the Company and its Restricted
Subsidiaries (including oil and natural gas reserves
attributable to the net profits interests owned by an Oil and
Gas Royalty Trust to the extent such net profits interests are
attributable to the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary by virtue
of its ownership of Capital Stock of such Oil and Gas Royalty
Trust) calculated in accordance with SEC guidelines before any
state or federal income taxes, as estimated in a reserve report
prepared as of the end of the most recently completed fiscal
year for which audited financial statements are available, as
increased by, as of the date of determination, the
discounted future net revenue calculated in accordance with SEC
guidelines (utilizing the prices utilized in such year end
reserve report) of:
(A) estimated proved crude oil and natural gas reserves of
the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries attributable to
acquisitions consummated since the date of such reserve
report, and
S-45
(B) estimated crude oil and natural gas reserves of the
Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries attributable to
extensions, discoveries and other additions and upward
determinations of estimates of proved crude oil and natural gas
reserves (including previously estimated development costs
incurred during the period and the accretion of discount since
the prior period end) due to exploration, development or
exploitation, production or other activities which reserves were
not reflected in such reserve report which would, in the case of
determinations made under clauses (A) or (B), in
accordance with standard industry practice, result in such
determinations,
and decreased by, as of the date of determination, the
discounted future net revenue calculated in accordance with SEC
guidelines (utilizing the prices utilized in such year end
reserve report) attributable to:
(C) estimated proved crude oil and natural gas reserves of
the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries reflected in such
reserve report produced or disposed of since the date of such
reserve report, and
(D) reductions in the estimated oil and natural gas
reserves of the Company and its Restricted Subsidiaries
reflected in such reserve report since the date of such reserve
report attributable to downward determinations of estimates of
proved crude oil and natural gas reserves due to exploration,
development or exploitation, production or other activities
conducted or otherwise occurring since the date of such reserve
report which would, in the case of determinations made under
clauses (C) or (D), in accordance with standard industry
practice, result in such determinations;
provided, however, that, in the case of each of the
determinations made pursuant to clauses (A) through
(D), such increases and decreases shall be estimated by the
Companys engineers, except that if as a result of such
acquisitions, dispositions, discoveries, extensions or
revisions, there is a Material Change, then such increases and
decreases in the discounted future net revenue shall be
confirmed in writing by an independent petroleum engineer;
(2) the capitalized costs that are attributable to crude
oil and natural gas properties of the Company and its Restricted
Subsidiaries to which no proved crude oil and natural gas
reserves are attributed, based on the Companys books and
records as of a date no earlier than the end of the most recent
fiscal quarter for which financial statements of the Company
have been made publicly available prior to the date of
determination;
(3) the Net Working Capital as of the end of the most
recent fiscal quarter for which financial statements of the
Company have been made publicly available prior to the date of
determination; and
(4) the greater of (i) the net book value as of a date
no earlier than the end of the most recent fiscal quarter for
which financial statements of the Company have been made
publicly available prior to the date of determination and
(ii) the appraised value, as estimated by independent
appraisers, of other tangible assets of the Company and its
Restricted Subsidiaries as of a date no earlier than the most
recent fiscal year for which financial statements of the Company
have been made publicly available prior to the date of
determination (provided that the Company shall not be required
to obtain such an appraisal of such assets if no such appraisal
has been performed); minus
S-46
(b) to the extent not otherwise taken into account in the
immediately preceding clause (a), the sum of:
(1) minority interests;
(2) any natural gas balancing liabilities of the Company
and its Restricted Subsidiaries reflected in the Companys
latest audited consolidated financial statements;
(3) the discounted future net revenue, calculated in
accordance with SEC guidelines (utilizing the same prices
utilized in the Companys year-end reserve report),
attributable to reserves subject to participation interests,
overriding royalty interests or other interests of third
parties, pursuant to participation, partnership, vendor
financing or other agreements then in effect, or which otherwise
are required to be delivered to third parties;
(4) the discounted future net revenue calculated in
accordance with SEC guidelines (utilizing the same prices
utilized in the Companys year-end reserve report),
attributable to reserves that are required to be delivered to
third parties to fully satisfy the obligations of the Company
and its Restricted Subsidiaries with respect to Volumetric
Production Payments on the schedules specified with respect
thereto; and
(5) the discounted future net revenue, calculated in
accordance with SEC guidelines, attributable to reserves subject
to Dollar-Denominated Production Payments that, based on the
estimates of production included in determining the discounted
future net revenue specified in the immediately preceding
clause (a)(1) (utilizing the same prices utilized in the
Companys year-end reserve report), would be necessary to
satisfy fully the obligations of the Company and its Restricted
Subsidiaries with respect to Dollar-Denominated Production
Payments on the schedules specified with respect thereto.
S-47
(1) any shares of Capital Stock of a Restricted Subsidiary
(other than directors qualifying shares or shares required
by applicable law to be held by a Person other than the Company
or a Restricted Subsidiary) or of an Oil and Gas Royalty Trust;
(2) all or substantially all the assets of any division or
line of business of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary;
(3) any other assets of the Company or any Restricted
Subsidiary outside of the ordinary course of business of the
Company or such Restricted Subsidiary; or
(4) any net profits interests held by any such Oil and Gas
Royalty Trust
S-48
(1) the sum of the products of the numbers of years from
the date of determination to the dates of each successive
scheduled principal payment of or redemption or similar payment
with respect to such Indebtedness multiplied by the amount of
such payment by
(2) the sum of all such payments.
(1) if the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary has
Incurred any Indebtedness since the beginning of such period
that remains outstanding or if the transaction giving rise to
the need to calculate the Consolidated Coverage Ratio is an
Incurrence of Indebtedness, or
S-49
both, EBITDA and Consolidated Interest Expense for such period
shall be calculated after giving effect on a pro forma
basis to such Indebtedness and the use of proceeds thereof
as if such Indebtedness had been Incurred on the first day of
such period and such proceeds had been applied as of such date;
(2) if the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary has repaid,
repurchased, defeased or otherwise discharged any Indebtedness
since the beginning of such period or if any Indebtedness is to
be repaid, repurchased, defeased or otherwise discharged on the
date of the transaction giving rise to the need to calculate the
Consolidated Coverage Ratio, EBITDA and Consolidated Interest
Expense for such period shall be calculated on a pro forma
basis as if such discharge had occurred on the first day of
such period and as if the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary
had not earned the interest income actually earned (if any)
during such period in respect of cash or Temporary Cash
Investments used to repay, repurchase, defease or otherwise
discharge such Indebtedness;
(3) if since the beginning of such period the Company or
any Restricted Subsidiary shall have made any Asset Disposition,
EBITDA for such period shall be reduced by an amount equal to
EBITDA (if positive) directly attributable to the assets which
were the subject of such Asset Disposition for such period, or
increased by an amount equal to EBITDA (if negative), directly
attributable thereto for such period and Consolidated Interest
Expense for such period shall be reduced by an amount equal to
the Consolidated Interest Expense directly attributable to any
Indebtedness of the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary repaid,
repurchased, defeased or otherwise discharged with respect to
the Company and its continuing Restricted Subsidiaries in
connection with such Asset Disposition for such period (or, if
the Capital Stock of any Restricted Subsidiary is sold, the
Consolidated Interest Expense for such period directly
attributable to the Indebtedness of such Restricted Subsidiary
to the extent the Company and its continuing Restricted
Subsidiaries are no longer liable for such Indebtedness after
such sale);
(4) if since the beginning of such period the Company or
any Restricted Subsidiary (by merger or otherwise) shall have
made an Investment in any Restricted Subsidiary (or any Person
which becomes a Restricted Subsidiary) or an acquisition of
material assets, including any acquisition of assets occurring
in connection with a transaction requiring a calculation to be
made under the Indenture, which constitutes all or substantially
all of an operating unit of a business, EBITDA and Consolidated
Interest Expense for such period shall be calculated after
giving pro forma effect thereto (including the Incurrence
of any Indebtedness) as if such Investment or acquisition
occurred on the first day of such period; and
(5) if since the beginning of such period any Person (that
subsequently became a Restricted Subsidiary or was merged with
or into the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary since the
beginning of such period) shall have made any Asset Disposition,
any Investment or acquisition of assets that would have required
an adjustment pursuant to clause (3) or (4) above if made
by the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary during such period,
EBITDA and Consolidated Interest Expense for such period shall
be calculated after giving pro forma effect thereto as if
such Asset Disposition, Investment or acquisition occurred on
the first day of such period.
S-50
(1) interest expense attributable to capital leases and the
interest expense attributable to leases constituting part of a
Sale/ Leaseback Transaction;
(2) amortization of debt discount and debt issuance cost;
(3) capitalized interest;
(4) non-cash interest expense;
(5) commissions, discounts and other fees and charges owed
with respect to letters of credit and bankers acceptance
financing;
(6) net payments pursuant to Interest Rate Agreements;
(7) Preferred Stock dividends in respect of all Preferred
Stock held by Persons other than the Company or a Wholly Owned
Subsidiary (other than dividends payable solely in Capital Stock
(other than Disqualified Stock) of the Company);
(8) interest incurred in connection with Investments in
discontinued operations;
(9) interest accruing on any Indebtedness of any other
Person to the extent such Indebtedness is Guaranteed by (or
secured by the assets of) the Company or any Restricted
Subsidiary; and
(10) the cash contributions to any employee stock ownership
plan or similar trust to the extent such contributions are used
by such plan or trust to pay interest or fees to any Person
(other than the Company) in connection with Indebtedness
Incurred by such plan or trust,
(1) any net income of any Person (other than the Company)
if such Person is not a Restricted Subsidiary, except that:
(A) subject to the exclusion contained in clause (4)
below, the Companys equity in the net income of any such
Person for such period shall be included in such Consolidated
Net Income in an amount equal to the aggregate amount of cash
actually distributed by such Person during such period to the
Company or a Restricted Subsidiary as a dividend, interest
payment or other distribution (subject, in the case of
S-51
a dividend, interest payment or other distribution paid to a
Restricted Subsidiary, to the limitations contained in
clause (3) below); and
(B) the Companys equity in a net loss of any such
Person for such period shall not be included in determining such
Consolidated Net Income, except to the extent of the aggregate
cash actually contributed to such Person by the Company or a
Restricted Subsidiary during such period;
(2) solely for the purposes of determining the aggregate
amount available for Restricted Payments under
clause (a)(3) of the covenant described under Certain
Covenants Limitation on Restricted Payments,
any net income (or loss) of any Person acquired by the Company
or a Subsidiary in a pooling of interests transaction for any
period prior to the date of such acquisition;
(3) any net income of any Restricted Subsidiary if such
Restricted Subsidiary is subject to restrictions, directly or
indirectly, on the payment of dividends or the making of
distributions by such Restricted Subsidiary, directly or
indirectly, to the Company, except that:
(A) subject to the exclusion contained in clause (4)
below, the Companys equity in the net income of any such
Restricted Subsidiary for such period shall be included in such
Consolidated Net Income in an amount equal to the aggregate
amount of cash that could have been distributed by such
Restricted Subsidiary during such period to the Company or
another Restricted Subsidiary as a dividend, interest payment or
other distribution (subject, in the case of a dividend, interest
payment or other distribution paid to another Restricted
Subsidiary, to the limitation contained in this clause); and
(B) the Companys equity in a net loss of any such
Restricted Subsidiary for such period shall be included in
determining such Consolidated Net Income;
(4) any gain or loss, together with any related provision
for taxes on such gain or loss and all related fees and
expenses, realized in connection with (A) the sale or other
disposition of any assets of the Company, its consolidated
Subsidiaries or any other Person (including pursuant to any
Sale/ Leaseback Transaction) which is not sold or otherwise
disposed of in the ordinary course of business and (B) the
disposition of any securities of any Person or the
extinguishment of any Indebtedness of the Company or any of its
Subsidiaries;
(5) extraordinary or non-recurring gains or losses,
together with any related provision for taxes on such gains or
losses and all related fees and expenses; and
(6) the cumulative effect of a change in accounting
principles;
(7) any impairment losses on oil and natural gas properties;
(8) any unrealized non-cash gains or losses or charges in
respect of Hedging Obligations (including those resulting from
the application of FAS 133); and
(9) any non-cash compensation charge arising from any grant
of stock, stock options or other equity-based awards.
S-52
(1) the par or stated value of all outstanding Capital
Stock of the Company plus
(2) paid-in capital or capital surplus relating to such
Capital Stock plus
(3) any retained earnings or earned surplus
(1) the Bank Indebtedness; and
(2) any other Senior Indebtedness of such Person which, at
the date of determination, has an aggregate principal amount
outstanding of, or under which, at the date of determination,
the holders thereof are committed to lend up to, at least
$25.0 million and is specifically designated by such Person
in the instrument evidencing or governing such Senior
Indebtedness as Designated Senior Indebtedness for
purposes of the Indenture.
(1) matures or is mandatorily redeemable (other than
redeemable only for Capital Stock of such Person which is not
itself Disqualified Stock) pursuant to a sinking fund obligation
or otherwise;
(2) is convertible or exchangeable at the option of the
holder for Indebtedness or Disqualified Stock; or
(3) is mandatorily redeemable or must be purchased upon the
occurrence of certain events or otherwise, in whole or in part
(other than redeemable or required to be purchased only for
Capital Stock of such Person which is not itself Disqualified
Stock), in each case on or prior to the 91st day after the
Stated Maturity of the Notes; provided, however, that
(A) any Capital Stock that would not constitute
Disqualified Stock but for provisions thereof giving holders
thereof the right to require such Person to purchase or redeem
such Capital Stock upon the occurrence of an asset
sale or change of control shall not constitute
Disqualified Stock if:
(1) the asset sale or change of
control provisions applicable to such Capital Stock are
not more favorable, as measured by the purchase or redemption
price or the
S-53
breadth of the definition of the event or events triggering such
purchase or redemption obligation, to the holders of such
Capital Stock than the terms applicable to the Notes and
described under Certain Covenants
Limitation on Sales of Assets and Subsidiary Stock and
Certain Covenants Change of
Control; and
(2) any such requirement only becomes operative after
compliance with such terms applicable to the Notes, including
the purchase of any Notes tendered pursuant thereto.
and (B) any Capital Stock that would constitute
Disqualified Stock solely because such Capital Stock is issued
pursuant to any plan for the benefit of employees of the Company
or Subsidiaries of the Company or by any such plan to such
employees and may be required to be repurchased by the Company
in order to satisfy applicable statutory or regulatory
obligations shall not constitute Disqualified Stock.
(1) all income tax expense of the Company and its
consolidated Restricted Subsidiaries;
(2) Consolidated Interest Expense;
(3) depreciation, depletion, exploration and amortization
expense of the Company and its consolidated Restricted
Subsidiaries (excluding amortization expense attributable to a
prepaid operating activity item that was paid in cash in a prior
period); and
(4) all other non-cash charges of the Company and its
consolidated Restricted Subsidiaries (excluding any such
non-cash charge to the extent that it represents an accrual of
or reserve for cash expenditures in any future period),
(A) the amount of deferred revenues that are amortized
during such period and are attributable to reserves that are
subject to Volumetric Production Payments; and
(B) amounts recorded in accordance with GAAP as repayments
of principal and interest pursuant to Dollar-Denominated
Production Payments.
S-54
(1) the opinions and pronouncements of the Accounting
Principles Board of the American Institute of Certified Public
Accountants;
(2) statements and pronouncements of the Financial
Accounting Standards Board;
(3) such other statements by such other entity as approved
by a significant segment of the accounting profession; and
(4) the rules and regulations of the SEC governing the
inclusion of financial statements (including pro forma
financial statements) in periodic reports required to be
filed pursuant to Section 13 of the Exchange Act, including
opinions and pronouncements in staff accounting bulletins and
similar written statements from the accounting staff of the SEC.
(1) to purchase or pay (or advance or supply funds for the
purchase or payment of) such Indebtedness of such Person
(whether arising by virtue of partnership arrangements, or by
agreements to keep-well, to purchase assets, goods, securities
or services, to take-or-pay or to maintain financial statement
conditions or otherwise); or
(2) entered into for the purpose of assuring in any other
manner the obligee of such Indebtedness of the payment thereof
or to protect such obligee against loss in respect thereof (in
whole or in part);
S-55
(1) amortization of debt discount or the accretion of
principal with respect to a non-interest bearing or other
discount security;
(2) the payment of regularly scheduled interest in the form
of additional Indebtedness of the same instrument or the payment
of regularly scheduled dividends on Capital Stock in the form of
additional Capital Stock of the same class and with the same
terms;
(3) the obligation to pay a premium in respect of
Indebtedness arising in connection with the issuance of a notice
of redemption or making of a mandatory offer to purchase such
Indebtedness; and
(4) unrealized losses or charges in respect of Hedging
Obligations (including those resulting from the application of
FAS 133)
(1) the principal in respect of (A) indebtedness of
such Person for money borrowed and (B) indebtedness
evidenced by notes, debentures, bonds or other similar
instruments for the payment of which such Person is responsible
or liable, including, in each case, any premium on such
indebtedness to the extent such premium has become due and
payable;
(2) all Capital Lease Obligations of such Person and all
Attributable Debt in respect of Sale/Leaseback Transactions
entered into by such Person;
(3) all obligations of such Person (other than obligations
payable solely in Capital Stock of such Person that is not
Disqualified Stock) issued or assumed as the deferred purchase
price of property, all conditional sale obligations of such
Person and all obligations of such Person under any title
retention agreement (but excluding trade accounts payable and
accrued expenses);
(4) all obligations of such Person for the reimbursement of
any obligor on any letter of credit, bankers acceptance or
similar credit transactions (other than obligations with respect
to letters of credit securing obligations (other than
obligations described in clauses (1) through (3) above)
entered into in the ordinary course of business of such Person
to the extent such letters of credit are not drawn upon or, if
and to the extent drawn upon, such drawing is reimbursed no
later than the tenth Business Day following payment on the
letter of credit);
(5) the amount of all obligations of such Person with
respect to the redemption, repayment or other repurchase of any
Disqualified Stock of such Person or, with respect to any
Preferred Stock of any Restricted Subsidiary of such Person the
principal amount of such Preferred Stock to be determined in
accordance with the Indenture (but excluding, in each case, any
accrued dividends) (and the term Incur Indebtedness
and similar terms include issuances of such Disqualified Stock
and Preferred Stock);
(6) all obligations of the types referred to in
clauses (1) through (5) of other Persons and all dividends
of other Persons for the payment of which, in either case, such
Person is responsible or liable, directly or indirectly, as
obligor, guarantor or otherwise, including by means of any
Guarantee;
(7) all obligations of the types referred to in
clauses (1) through (6) of other Persons secured by any
Lien on any property or asset of such Person (whether or not such
S-56
obligation is assumed by such Person), the amount of such
obligation being deemed to be the lesser of the liquidation
value of such property or asset and the amount of the obligation
so secured;
(8) to the extent not otherwise included in this
definition, Hedging Obligations of such Person; and
(9) any Guarantee by such Person of production or payment
with respect to a Production Payment and Reserve Sale,
(1) accrued expenses and trade accounts payable arising in
the ordinary course of business;
(2) except as expressly provided in clause (9) above,
Production Payments and Reserve Sales;
(3) obligations in respect of farm-in agreements;
(4) obligations arising from guarantees to suppliers,
lessors, licensees, contractors, franchisees or customers
incurred in the ordinary course of business;
(5) any obligations under workers compensation laws
and similar legislation;
(6) any obligation in respect of any royalty, overriding
royalty, net profits interest, master limited partnership
interest or other interest in oil and natural gas properties,
reserves or the right to receive all or a portion of the
production or the proceeds from the sale of production
attributable to such properties; or
(7) any indebtedness which has been defeased in accordance
with GAAP or defeased pursuant to the deposit of cash or
Government Securities (in an amount sufficient to satisfy all
such indebtedness obligations at maturity or redemption, as
applicable, and all payments of interest and premium, if any) in
a trust or account created or pledged for the sole benefit of
the holders of such indebtedness, and subject to no other Liens,
and the other applicable terms of the instrument governing such
indebtedness.
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(1) Investment shall include the portion
(proportionate to the Companys equity interest in such
Subsidiary) of the fair market value of the net assets of any
Subsidiary of the Company at the time that such Subsidiary is
designated an Unrestricted Subsidiary; provided, however,
that upon a redesignation of such Subsidiary as a Restricted
Subsidiary, the Company shall be deemed to continue to have a
permanent Investment in an Unrestricted Subsidiary
equal to an amount (if positive) equal to (A) the
Companys Investment in such Subsidiary at the
time of such redesignation less (B) the portion
(proportionate to the Companys equity interest in such
Subsidiary) of the fair market value of the net assets of such
Subsidiary at the time of such redesignation; and
(2) any property transferred to or from an Unrestricted
Subsidiary shall be valued at its fair market value at the time
of such transfer, in each case as determined in good faith by
the Board of Directors.
(1) any acquisitions during the fiscal quarter of oil and
natural gas reserves that have been estimated by independent
petroleum engineers and with respect to which a report or
reports of such engineers exist; and
(2) any disposition of properties existing at the beginning
of such fiscal quarter that have been disposed of in compliance
with the covenant described under Certain
Covenants Limitation on Sales of Assets and
Subsidiary Stock.
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(1) all accounting, engineering, investment banking,
brokerage, legal, title and recording tax expenses, commissions
and other fees and expenses incurred, and all Federal, state,
provincial, foreign and local and other taxes required to be
accrued as a liability under GAAP, as a consequence of such
Asset Disposition, and any relocation expenses incurred or
assumed in connection with such Asset Disposition;
(2) all payments made on any Indebtedness which is secured
by any assets subject to such Asset Disposition, in accordance
with the terms of any Lien upon or other security agreement of
any kind with respect to such assets, or which must by its
terms, or in order to obtain a necessary consent to such Asset
Disposition, or by applicable law, be repaid out of the proceeds
from such Asset Disposition;
(3) all distributions and other payments required to be
made to minority interest holders in Restricted Subsidiaries as
a result of such Asset Disposition; and
(4) the deduction of appropriate amounts provided by the
seller as a reserve for adjustment in respect of the sale price
of the assets that were the subject of such Asset Disposition or
as a reserve, in accordance with GAAP, against any liabilities
associated with the property or other assets disposed in such
Asset Disposition and retained by the Company or any Restricted
Subsidiary after such Asset Disposition.
(1) all current assets of the Company and its Restricted
Subsidiaries, except current assets from commodity price risk
management activities arising in the ordinary course of
business; minus
(2) all current liabilities of the Company and its
Restricted Subsidiaries, except current liabilities included in
Indebtedness and current liabilities from commodity price risk
management activities arising in the ordinary course of
business, in each case determined in accordance with GAAP.
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(1) the holders of such Indebtedness agree that they will
look solely to the fixed assets so acquired which secure such
Indebtedness, and neither the Company nor any Restricted
Subsidiary (a) is directly or indirectly liable for such
Indebtedness or (b) provides credit support, including any
undertaking, Guarantee, agreement or instrument that would
constitute Indebtedness (other than the grant of a Lien on such
acquired fixed assets); and
(2) no default or event of default with respect to such
Indebtedness would cause or permit (after notice or passage of
time or both), any holder of any other Indebtedness of the
Company or a Subsidiary Guarantor to declare a default or event
of default on such other Indebtedness or cause the payment,
repurchase, defeasance or other acquisition or retirement for
value thereof to be accelerated or payable prior to any
scheduled principal payment, scheduled sinking fund payment, or
Stated Maturity.
(1) the acquisition, exploration, exploitation,
development, operation and disposition of interests in oil,
natural gas, other hydrocarbon and mineral properties;
(2) the gathering, marketing, distribution, treating,
processing, storage, refining, selling and transporting of any
production from such interests or properties and the marketing
of oil, natural gas, other hydrocarbons and minerals obtained
from unrelated Persons;
(3) any business relating to or arising from exploration
for or exploitation, development, production, treatment,
processing, storage, refining, transportation, gathering or
marketing of oil, natural gas, other hydrocarbons and minerals
and products produced in association therewith;
(4) any other related energy business, including power
generation and electrical transmission business where fuel
required by such business is supplied, directly or indirectly,
from oil, natural gas, other hydrocarbons and minerals produced
substantially from properties in which the Company or its
Restricted Subsidiaries, directly or indirectly, participates;
(5) any business relating to oil field sales and
service; and
(6) any activity necessary, appropriate or incidental to
the activities described in the preceding clauses (1)
through (5) of this definition.
(1) holds no assets other than (a) net profits
interests in the Companys and its Restricted
Subsidiaries oil and natural gas properties and
(b) Temporary Cash Investments;
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(2) conducts no business or activities other than the
holding of the assets permitted by clause (1) above and the
distribution of its available funds as required by
clause (3) below;
(3) distributes all funds (less reasonable reserves, if
any, for operating liabilities as determined by the trustee)
held by it to its unit holders on a pro rata basis no less
frequently than monthly;
(4) does not incur, nor permit to exist, directly or
indirectly, any Indebtedness other than Indebtedness Incurred
for its routine administrative expenses;
(5) is not permitted to sell its net profits interests
except in immaterial amounts or when revenue from such interests
fall below $1.0 million annually;
(6) is not permitted to sell its net profits interests
except for cash equal to the fair market value thereof (as
determined in good faith by the trustee of such Oil and Gas
Royalty Trust, whose determination shall be conclusive);
(7) is not permitted to issue Capital Stock except to the
Company or a Restricted Subsidiary in exchange for the
conveyance to such Oil and Gas Royalty Trust of net profits
interests in connection with its formation; and
(8) is governed by a trust agreement that requires the
trustee to operate the Oil and Gas Royalty Trust in compliance
with the terms of clauses (1) through (7) above.
(1) ownership interests in oil, natural gas, other
hydrocarbon and mineral properties or gathering, transportation,
processing, storage or related systems; and
(2) entry into, and Investments and expenditures in the
form of or pursuant to, operating agreements, working interests,
royalty interests, mineral leases, processing agreements,
farm-in agreements, farm-out agreements, contracts for the sale,
transportation or exchange of oil, natural gas, other
hydrocarbons and minerals, production sharing agreements,
development agreements, area of mutual interest agreements,
unitization agreements, pooling arrangements, joint bidding
agreements, service contracts, joint venture agreements,
partnership agreements (whether general or limited), limited
liability company agreements, subscription agreements, stock
purchase agreements, stockholder agreements and other similar
agreements with third parties (including Unrestricted
Subsidiaries).
(1) I. Jon Brumley;
(2) Jon S. Brumley;
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(3) trusts, the sole beneficiaries and trustees of which
are the individuals listed in clauses (1) and (2) above or
their immediate family members; and
(4) corporations, partnerships and other entities
(a) of which the individuals listed in clauses (1) and
(2) above or their immediate family members are the beneficial
owners of all Capital Stock and other equity or voting interests
and (b) that are controlled by such individuals and their
immediate family members.
(1) (a) the Company, (b) a Restricted Subsidiary
or (c) a Person that will, upon the making of such
Investment, become a Restricted Subsidiary; provided, however,
that the primary business of such Restricted Subsidiary is a
Related Business, or (d) another Person if, as a result of
such Investment, such other Person is merged or consolidated
with or into, or transfers or conveys all or substantially all
its assets to, the Company or a Restricted Subsidiary; provided,
however, that the primary business of such Person is a Related
Business;
(2) cash and Temporary Cash Investments;
(3) receivables owing to the Company or any Restricted
Subsidiary if created or acquired in the ordinary course of
business and payable or dischargeable in accordance with
customary trade terms; provided, however, that such trade terms
may include such concessionary trade terms as the Company or any
such Restricted Subsidiary deems reasonable under the
circumstances;
(4) payroll, travel and similar advances to cover matters
that are expected at the time of such advances ultimately to be
treated as expenses for accounting purposes and that are made in
the ordinary course of business;
(5) loans or advances to officers, directors and employees
made in the ordinary course of business consistent with past
practices of the Company or such Restricted Subsidiary;
(6) Capital Stock, obligations or securities received in
settlement of debts created in the ordinary course of business
and owing to the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary or in
satisfaction of judgments;
(7) any Person to the extent such Investment represents the
non-cash portion of the consideration received for an Asset
Disposition as permitted pursuant to the covenant described
under Certain Covenants Limitation
on Sales of Assets and Subsidiary Stock or consideration
received for a disposition not constituting an Asset Disposition;
(8) any Person where such Investment was acquired by the
Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries (a) in
exchange for any other Investment or accounts receivable held by
the Company or any such Restricted Subsidiary in connection with
or as a result of a bankruptcy, workout, reorganization or
recapitalization of the issuer of such other Investment or
accounts receivable or (b) as a result of a foreclosure by
the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries with respect
to any secured Investment or other transfer of title with
respect to any secured Investment in default;
(9) any acquisitions of Capital Stock solely in exchange
for Capital Stock (other than Disqualified Stock) of the Company;
(10) Hedging Obligations;
(11) obligations of one or more officers, directors or
employees of the Company or any of its Restricted Subsidiaries
in connection with such individuals acquisition of shares
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of Capital Stock of the Company (and refinancings of the
principal thereof and accrued interest thereon) so long as no
net cash or other assets of the Company and its Restricted
Subsidiaries are paid by the Company or any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries to such individuals in connection with the
acquisition of any such obligations;
(12) Existing Investments and any Investments made with the
proceeds of any dispositions thereof;
(13) Permitted Business Investments;
(14) Guarantees of performance or other obligations (other
than Indebtedness) arising in the ordinary course in the Oil and
Gas Business, including obligations under oil and natural gas
exploration, development, joint operating, and related
agreements and licenses or concessions related to the Oil and
Gas Business;
(15) Investments in prepaid expenses, negotiable
instruments held for collection or deposit and lease, utility
and workers compensation, performance and similar deposits
entered into as a result of the operations of the business in
the ordinary course of business;
(16) Investments in a wholly-owned Unrestricted Subsidiary
that constructs and owns an office building for use as the
Companys headquarters in an aggregate amount not to exceed
$10.0 million at any one time outstanding;
(17) Investments in Capital Stock of any Oil and Gas
Royalty Trust; and
(18) Investments in any Person, not otherwise permitted to
be made pursuant to clause (1) through (17), in an
aggregate amount, which when taken together with all other
Investments made on or after the Issue Date pursuant to this
clause, does not exceed $20.0 million at any one time
outstanding (after giving effect to any reductions in the
aggregate amount of such Investments as a result of the
disposition thereof, including through liquidation, repayment or
other reduction (but excluding dividends) for cash, the
aggregate amount of such reductions not to exceed the aggregate
amount of such Investments outstanding and previously made
pursuant to this clause (18).
(1) Liens securing Senior Indebtedness;
(2) Liens in favor of the Company or a Restricted
Subsidiary;
(3) Liens securing the Notes, any Subsidiary Guarantee or
other obligations arising under the Indenture;
(4) Liens existing as of the Issue Date;
(5) Liens for taxes, assessments and governmental charges
or claims either (A) not delinquent or (B) contested
in good faith by appropriate proceedings and as to which the
Company or its Restricted Subsidiaries shall have set aside on
its books such reserves as may be required pursuant to GAAP;
(6) statutory and contractual Liens of landlords and Liens
of carriers, warehousemen, mechanics, suppliers, materialmen,
repairmen and other Liens imposed by law or contract incurred in
the ordinary course of business for sums not delinquent or being
contested in good faith, if such reserve or other appropriate
provision, if any, as shall be required by GAAP shall have been
made in respect thereof;
(7) Liens incurred or deposits or pledges made in the
ordinary course of business in connection with workers
compensation, unemployment insurance and other types of social
security, or to secure the payment or performance of tenders,
statutory or regulatory obligations, surety and appeal bonds,
bids, leases, government contracts and leases,
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performance and return of money bonds and other similar
obligations, including letters of credit and bank guarantees
required or requested by the United States, any State thereof or
any foreign government or any subdivision, department, agency,
organization or instrumentality of any of the foregoing in
connection with any contract or statute (exclusive of
obligations for the payment of borrowed money but including
lessee or operator obligations under statutes, governmental
regulations, contracts or instruments related to the ownership,
exploration and production of oil, natural gas, other
hydrocarbons and minerals on state, Federal or foreign lands or
waters);
(8) Liens arising out of judgments, decrees, orders or
awards not constituting an Event of Default;
(9) leases, subleases, licenses or sublicenses to third
parties entered into in the ordinary course of business;
(10) Liens on, or related to, assets to secure all or part
of the costs incurred in the ordinary course of the Oil and Gas
Business for the exploration, drilling, development, production,
processing, transportation, marketing, storage or operation
thereof;
(11) Liens on pipeline or pipeline facilities that arise
under operation of law;
(12) Liens arising under operating agreements, joint
venture agreements, partnership agreements, oil, natural gas,
other hydrocarbon and mineral leases, farm-out or farm-in
agreements, division orders, contracts for the sale,
transportation or exchange of oil or natural gas, unitization
and pooling declarations and agreements, area of mutual interest
agreements and other agreements that are customary in the Oil
and Gas Business;
(13) Liens reserved in oil, natural gas, other hydrocarbon
and mineral leases for bonus or rental payments and for
compliance with the terms of such leases;
(14) Liens constituting survey exceptions, encumbrances,
easements, and reservations of, and rights to others for,
rights-of-way, zoning and other restrictions as to the use of
real properties, and minor defects of title which, in the case
of any of the foregoing, do not secure the payment of borrowed
money, and in the aggregate do not materially adversely affect
the value of the assets of the Company and its Restricted
Subsidiaries, taken as a whole, or materially impair the use of
such properties for the purposes for which such properties are
held by the Company or such Subsidiaries;
(15) Liens encumbering assets under construction arising
from progress or partial payments by a customer of the Company
or its Restricted Subsidiaries relating to such assets;
(16) Liens encumbering deposits made to secure obligations
arising from statutory, regulatory, contractual or warranty
requirements of the Company or any of its Restricted
Subsidiaries, including rights of offset and set-off;
(17) Liens upon specific items of inventory or other goods
and proceeds of any Person securing such Persons
obligations in respect of bankers acceptances issued or
created for the account of such Person to facilitate the
purchase, shipment or storage of such inventory or other goods;
(18) Liens arising under the Indenture in favor of the
Trustee for its own benefit and similar Liens in favor of other
trustees, agents and representatives arising under instruments
governing Indebtedness permitted to be incurred under the
Indenture; provided, however, that such Liens are solely
for the benefit of the trustees, agents or representatives in
their capacities as such and not for the benefit of the holders
of such Indebtedness;
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(19) set-off, chargeback and other rights of depositary and
collection banks and other regulated financial institutions with
respect to money or instruments of the Company or any of its
Restricted Subsidiaries on deposit with or in the possession of
such institutions;
(20) Liens arising from the deposit of funds or securities
in trust for the purpose of decreasing or defeasing Indebtedness
so long as such deposit of funds or securities and such
decreasing or defeasing of Indebtedness are permitted under the
covenant described under Certain Covenants
Limitation on Restricted Payments;
(21) any Lien existing on any Property of a Person at the
time such Person is merged or consolidated with or into the
Company or a Restricted Subsidiary or becomes a Restricted
Subsidiary (and not incurred in anticipation of or in connection
with such transaction), provided that such Liens are not
extended to other Property of the Company or the Restricted
Subsidiaries;
(22) any Lien existing on any Property at the time of the
acquisition thereof (and not incurred in anticipation of or in
connection with such transaction), provided that such Liens are
not extended to other Property of the Company or the Restricted
Subsidiaries;
(23) Liens to secure Production Payments that are not
prohibited by the Indenture to the extent such Liens are limited
to the assets that are the subject of such Production Payments;
(24) Liens to secure a Refinancing Indebtedness incurred to
refinance Indebtedness that was secured by a Lien permitted
under the Indenture and that was incurred in accordance with the
provisions of the Indenture; provided that such Liens do not
extend to or cover any property or assets of the Company or any
Restricted Subsidiary other than assets or property securing the
Indebtedness so refinanced; and
(25) Liens incurred in the ordinary course of business of
the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary of the Company with
respect to obligations that do not exceed $10.0 million at
any time outstanding.
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(1) such Refinancing Indebtedness has a Stated Maturity no
earlier than the Stated Maturity of the Indebtedness being
Refinanced;
(2) such Refinancing Indebtedness has an Average Life at
the time such Refinancing Indebtedness is Incurred that is equal
to or greater than the Average Life of the Indebtedness being
Refinanced; and
(3) such Refinancing Indebtedness has an aggregate
principal amount (or if Incurred with original issue discount,
an aggregate issue price) that is equal to or less than the
aggregate principal amount (or if Incurred with original issue
discount, the aggregate accreted value) then outstanding or
committed (plus accrued interest thereon and fees and expenses,
including any premium and defeasance costs) under the
Indebtedness being Refinanced;
(1) the declaration or payment of any dividends or any
other distributions of any sort in respect of its Capital Stock
(including any payment in connection with any merger or
consolidation involving such Person) or similar payment to the
direct or indirect holders of its Capital Stock (other than
(i) dividends or distributions payable solely in its
Capital Stock (other than Disqualified Stock),
(ii) dividends or distributions payable solely to the
Company or a Restricted Subsidiary and (iii) pro rata
dividends or other distributions (or dividends or other
distributions on a basis more favorable to the Company or to a
Restricted Subsidiary), made by a Subsidiary that is not a
Wholly Owned Subsidiary to stockholders (or owners of an
equivalent interest in the case of a Subsidiary that is an
entity other than a corporation));
(2) the purchase, redemption or other acquisition or
retirement for value of any Capital Stock of the Company held by
any Person (other than a Restricted Subsidiary) or of any
Capital Stock of a Restricted Subsidiary held by any Affiliate
of the Company (other than the Company or a Restricted
Subsidiary), including in connection with any merger or
consolidation and including the exercise of any option to
exchange any Capital Stock (other than into Capital Stock of the
Company that is not Disqualified Stock);
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(3) the purchase, repurchase, redemption, defeasance or
other acquisition or retirement for value, prior to scheduled
maturity, scheduled repayment or scheduled sinking fund payment
of any Subordinated Obligations of such Person (other than the
purchase, repurchase, redemption, defeasance or other
acquisition of Subordinated Obligations or retirement for value
in anticipation of satisfying a sinking fund obligation,
principal installment or final maturity, in each case due within
one year of the date of such purchase, repurchase, redemption,
defeasance or other acquisition or retirement for value); or
(4) the making of any Investment (other than a Permitted
Investment) in any Person.
(1) Indebtedness of such Person, whether outstanding on the
Issue Date or thereafter Incurred; and
(2) all other Obligations of such Person (including
interest accruing on or after the filing of any petition in
bankruptcy or for reorganization relating to such Person whether
or not post-filing interest is allowed in such proceeding) in
respect of Indebtedness described in clause (1) above;
unless, in the case of clauses (1) and (2), in the
instrument creating or evidencing the same or pursuant to which
the same is outstanding, it is provided that such Indebtedness
or other obligations are subordinate or pari passu in right of
payment to the Notes or the Subsidiary Guaranty of such Person,
as the case may be; provided, however, that Senior
Indebtedness shall not include:
(1) any obligation of such Person to any Subsidiary;
(2) any liability for Federal, state, local or other taxes
owed or owing by such Person;
(3) any accounts payable or other liability to trade
creditors arising in the ordinary course of business (including
Guarantees thereof or instruments evidencing such liabilities);
(4) any Indebtedness or other Obligation (and any accrued
and unpaid interest in respect thereof) of such Person which is
subordinate or junior in any respect to any other Indebtedness
or other Obligation of such Person;
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(5) that portion of any Indebtedness which at the time of
Incurrence is Incurred in violation of the Indenture; or
(6) any Preferred Stock or Disqualified Stock.
(1) such Person;
(2) such Person and one or more Subsidiaries of such
Person; or
(3) one or more Subsidiaries of such Person.
(1) any investment in direct obligations of the United
States of America or any agency thereof or obligations
guaranteed by the United States of America or any agency thereof;
(2) investments in demand accounts and time deposit
accounts, bankers acceptances, overnight bank deposits,
certificates of deposit and money market deposits maturing
within twelve months of the date of acquisition thereof issued
by a bank or trust company which is organized under the laws of
the United States of America, any State thereof or any foreign
country recognized by the United States of America, and which
bank or trust
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company has capital, surplus and undivided profits aggregating
in excess of $50.0 million (or the foreign currency
equivalent thereof) and has outstanding debt which is rated
A (or such similar equivalent rating) or higher by
at least one nationally recognized statistical rating
organization (as defined in Rule 436 under the Securities
Act) or any money-market fund sponsored by a registered broker
dealer or mutual fund distributor;
(3) investments in deposits available for withdrawal on
demand with any commercial bank that is organized under the laws
of any country in which the Company or any Restricted Subsidiary
maintains an office or is engaged in the Oil and Gas Business,
provided that (i) all such deposits have been made in such
accounts in the ordinary course of business and (ii) such
deposits do not at any one time exceed $10.0 million in the
aggregate;
(4) repurchase (or reverse repurchase) obligations with a
term of not more than 30 days for underlying securities of
the types described in clause (1) above entered into with a
bank meeting the qualifications described in clause (2)
above;
(5) investments in commercial paper, maturing not more than
90 days after the date of acquisition, issued by a
corporation (other than an Affiliate of the Company) organized
and in existence under the laws of the United States of America
or any foreign country recognized by the United States of
America with a rating at the time as of which any investment
therein is made of P-1 (or higher) according to
Moodys or A-1 (or higher) according to
S&P; and
(6) investments in securities with maturities of six months
or less from the date of acquisition issued or fully guaranteed
by any state, commonwealth or territory of the United States of
America, or by any political subdivision or taxing authority
thereof, and rated at least A by S&P or
A by Moodys.
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(1) any Subsidiary of the Company that at the time of
determination shall be designated an Unrestricted Subsidiary by
the Board of Directors in the manner provided below; and
(2) any Subsidiary of an Unrestricted Subsidiary.
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(1) upon deposit of the Global Notes, DTC will credit the
accounts of Participants designated by the Initial Purchaser
with portions of the principal amount of the Global
Notes; and
(2) ownership of these interests in the Global Notes will
be shown on, and the transfer of ownership of these interests
will be effected only through, records maintained by DTC (with
respect to the Participants) or by the Participants and the
Indirect Participants (with respect to other owners of
beneficial interests in the Global Notes).
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(1) any aspect of DTCs records or any
Participants or Indirect Participants records
relating to or payments made on account of beneficial ownership
interest in the Global Notes or for maintaining, supervising or
reviewing any of DTCs records or any Participants or
Indirect Participants records relating to the beneficial
ownership interests in the Global Notes; or
(2) any other matter relating to the actions and practices
of DTC or any of its Participants or Indirect Participants.
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(1) DTC (a) notifies the Company that it is unwilling
or unable to continue as depository for the Global Notes and DTC
fails to appoint a successor depository or (b) has ceased
to be a clearing agency registered under the Exchange Act;
(2) the Company, at its option, notifies the Trustee in
writing that it elects to cause the issuance of the certificated
Notes; or
(3) there has occurred and is continuing a Default with
respect to the Notes.
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S-74
do not own, actually or constructively, within the meaning of
Section 871(h)(3)(C) of the Internal Revenue Code,
10 percent or more of the total combined voting power of
all classes of our voting stock;
are not a bank whose receipt of interest on a note is described
in Section 881(c)(3)(A) of the Internal Revenue Code; and
are not a controlled foreign corporation that is related, within
the meaning of Section 864(d)(4) of the Internal Revenue
Code, to us; and
S-75
a United States person or is a foreign person with sufficient
United States contacts;
a controlled foreign corporation for United States federal
income tax purposes;
a foreign person 50 percent or more of whose gross income
is effectively connected with a United States trade or business
for a specified three year period; or
a foreign partnership, if at any time during its tax year, one
or more of its partners are United States persons, as defined in
Treasury regulations, who in the aggregate hold more than
50 percent of the income or capital interest in the
partnership or if, at any time during its tax year, the foreign
partnership is engaged in a United States trade or business.
S-76
it has not offered or sold and, prior to the expiry of a period
of six months from the closing date, will not offer or sell any
notes included in this offering to persons in the United Kingdom
except to persons whose ordinary activities involve them in
acquiring, holding, managing or disposing of investments (as
principal or agent) for the purposes of their businesses or
otherwise in circumstances which have not resulted and will not
result in an offer to the public in the United Kingdom within
the meaning of the Public Offers of Securities Regulations 1995;
it has only communicated and caused to be communicated and will
only communicate or cause to be communicated any invitation or
inducement to engage in investment activity (within the meaning
of section 21 of the Financial Services and Markets
Act 2000 (FSMA)) received by it in connection
with the issue or sale of any notes included in this offering in
circumstances in which section 21(1) of the FSMA does not
apply to us;
it has complied and will comply with all applicable provisions
of the FSMA with respect to anything done by it in relation to
the notes included in this offering in, from or otherwise
involving the United Kingdom;
the offer in The Netherlands of the notes included in this
offering is exclusively limited to persons who trade or invest
in securities in the conduct of a profession or business (which
include banks, stockbrokers, insurance companies, pension funds,
other institutional investors and finance companies and treasury
departments of large enterprises); and
the notes offered in this prospectus supplement have not been
registered under the Securities and Exchange Law of Japan, and
it has not offered or sold and will not offer or sell, directly
or indirectly, the notes in Japan or to or for the account of
any resident of Japan, except (1) pursuant to an exemption
from the registration requirements of the Securities and
Exchange Law and (2) in compliance with any other
applicable requirements of Japanese law.
Paid by | ||||
the Company | ||||
Per note
|
% |
S-77
S-78
$500,000,000
Encore Acquisition Company
777 Main Street, Suite 1400
Senior Debt Securities
Subordinated Debt Securities
Preferred Stock
Common Stock
We may offer from time to time senior debt securities, subordinated debt securities, preferred stock and common stock. Our subsidiaries may guarantee the senior or subordinated debt securities offered by this prospectus.
We will provide additional terms of our securities in one or more prospectus supplements to this prospectus. You should read this prospectus and the related prospectus supplement carefully before you invest in our securities.
Our common stock is listed on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol EAC.
You should consider carefully Risk Factors beginning on page 1 before investing in the notes.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
The date of this prospectus is July 9, 2004.
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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS
This prospectus is part of a registration statement that we have filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission under a shelf registration process. Using this process, we may offer the securities this prospectus describes in one or more offerings with a total initial offering price of up to $500,000,000. This prospectus provides you with a general description of the securities we may offer. Each time we use this prospectus to offer securities, we will provide a prospectus supplement and, if applicable, a pricing supplement. The prospectus supplement and any pricing supplement will describe the specific terms of that offering. The prospectus supplement and any pricing supplement may also add to, update or change the information contained in this prospectus. Please carefully read this prospectus, the prospectus supplement and any pricing supplement, in addition to the information contained in the documents we refer to under the heading Where You Can Find More Information.
i
ABOUT ENCORE ACQUISITION COMPANY
We are a growing independent energy company engaged in the acquisition, development, exploitation and production of onshore North American oil and natural gas reserves. Since our inception in 1998, we have sought to acquire high-quality assets with potential for upside through low-risk development drilling projects. Our properties are currently located in four core areas: the Cedar Creek Anticline of Montana and North Dakota; the Permian Basin of West Texas and Southeastern New Mexico; the Mid Continent area, which includes the Arkoma and Anadarko Basins of Oklahoma, the North Salt Basin of Louisiana and the Barnett Shale near Fort Worth, Texas; and the Rocky Mountains.
Our principal executive offices are located at 777 Main Street, Suite 1400, Fort Worth, Texas 76102. Our main telephone number is (817) 877-9955. We maintain a website on the Internet at http://www.encoreacq.com. The information on our website is not incorporated by reference into this prospectus.
RISK FACTORS
You should carefully consider the following matters, in addition to the other information we have provided in this prospectus, the accompanying prospectus supplement and the documents we incorporate by reference, before reaching a decision regarding an investment in our securities.
Oil and natural gas prices are volatile and sustained periods of low prices could materially and adversely affect our financial condition and results of operations.
Historically, the markets for oil and natural gas have been volatile, and these markets are likely to continue to be volatile in the future. Our revenues, profitability and future growth depend substantially on prevailing oil and natural gas prices. Lower oil and natural gas prices may reduce the amount of oil and natural gas that we can economically produce. Prevailing oil and natural gas prices also affect the amount of internally generated cash flow available for repayment of indebtedness and capital expenditures. In addition, the amount we can borrow under our revolving credit facility is subject to periodic redetermination based in part on changing expectations of future oil and natural gas prices.
The factors that can cause oil and natural gas price volatility include:
| the supply of domestic and foreign oil and natural gas; | |
| the ability of members of the Organization of Petroleum Exporting Countries to agree upon and maintain oil prices and production levels; | |
| political instability or armed conflict in oil or natural gas producing regions; | |
| the level of consumer demand; | |
| weather conditions; | |
| the price and availability of alternative fuels; | |
| domestic and foreign governmental regulations and taxes; | |
| domestic political developments; and | |
| worldwide economic conditions. |
The volatile nature of markets for oil and natural gas makes it difficult to reliably estimate future prices. Any decline in oil and natural gas prices adversely affects our financial condition. If oil or natural gas prices decline significantly for a sustained period of time, we may, among other things, be unable to meet our financial obligations, make planned expenditures or raise additional capital.
Reserve estimates depend on many assumptions that may prove to be inaccurate. Any material inaccuracies in our reserve estimates or underlying assumptions could cause the quantities and net present value of our reserves to be overstated.
Estimating quantities of proved oil and natural gas reserves is a complex process that requires interpretations of available technical data and numerous assumptions, including certain economic assumptions. Any significant inaccuracies in these interpretations or assumptions or changes in conditions could cause the quantities and net present value of our reserves to be overstated.
To prepare estimates of economically recoverable oil and natural gas reserves and future net cash flows, we must analyze many variable factors, such as historical production from the area compared with production rates from other producing areas. We must also analyze available geological, geophysical, production and engineering data, and the extent, quality and reliability of this data can vary. The process also involves economic assumptions relating to commodity prices, production costs, severance and excise taxes, capital expenditures and workover and remedial costs. Actual results most likely will vary from our estimates. Any significant variance could reduce the estimated quantities and present value of our reserves.
You should not assume that the present value of future net cash flows from our proved reserves referred to in our most recent annual report on Form 10-K and other documents we incorporate by reference is the current market value of our estimated oil and natural gas reserves. In accordance with SEC requirements, we base the estimated discounted future net cash flows from our proved reserves on prices and costs in effect on the date of the estimate, holding the prices and costs constant throughout the life of the properties. Actual future prices and costs may differ materially from those used in the net present value estimate, and future net present value estimates using then current prices and costs may be significantly less than the current estimate.
The results of high-pressure air injection techniques are uncertain.
We utilize high-pressure air injection, or HPAI, techniques on some of our properties and plan to use the techniques in the future on a substantial portion of our properties, including our Cedar Creek Anticline properties. The additional production and reserves attributable to our use of the techniques, if any, are inherently difficult to predict. If our HPAI programs do not allow for the extraction of residual hydrocarbons in the manner or to the extent that we anticipate, our future results of operations and financial condition could be materially adversely affected.
If oil and natural gas prices decrease, we may be required to take write downs.
We may be required to write down the carrying value of our oil and natural gas properties when future estimated oil and gas prices are low or if we have substantial downward adjustments to our estimated proved reserves or increases in our estimates of operating expenses or development costs.
We capitalize the costs to acquire, find and develop our oil and natural gas properties under the successful efforts accounting method. The net capitalized costs of our oil and natural gas properties may not exceed their estimated fair value. If net capitalized costs of our oil and natural gas properties exceed their fair value, we must, under certain circumstances, charge the amount of the excess to earnings. We review the carrying value of our properties quarterly, based on changes in expectations of future oil and natural gas prices, expenses and tax rates. Once incurred, a write down of oil and natural gas properties is not reversible at a later date even if oil or natural gas prices increase.
Our acquisition strategy subjects us to numerous risks that could adversely affect our results of operations.
Acquisitions are an essential part of our growth strategy, and our ability to acquire additional properties on favorable terms is important to our long-term growth. Depending on conditions in the acquisition market, it may be difficult or impossible for us to identify properties for acquisition or we may not be able to make acquisitions on terms that we consider economically acceptable. Even if we are able to identify suitable acquisition opportunities, our acquisition strategy depends upon, among other things, our ability to obtain debt and equity financing and, in some cases, regulatory approvals.
2
The successful acquisition of producing properties requires an assessment of several factors, including:
| recoverable reserves; | |
| future oil and natural gas prices; | |
| operating costs; and | |
| potential environmental and other liabilities. |
The accuracy of these assessments is inherently uncertain. In connection with these assessments, we perform a review of the subject properties that we believe to be generally consistent with industry practices. Our review will not reveal all existing or potential problems nor will it permit us to become sufficiently familiar with the properties to fully assess their deficiencies and capabilities. Inspections may not always be performed on every well, and structural and environmental problems are not necessarily observable even when an inspection is undertaken. Even when problems are identified, the seller may be unwilling or unable to provide effective contractual protection against all or part of the problems. We are often not entitled to contractual indemnification for environmental liabilities and acquire properties on an as is basis.
Possible future acquisitions could result in our incurring additional debt, contingent liabilities and expenses, all of which could have a material adverse effect on our financial condition and operating results. Furthermore, our financial position and results of operations may fluctuate significantly from period to period based on whether significant acquisitions are completed in particular periods. Competition for acquisitions is intense and may increase the cost of, or cause us to refrain from, completing acquisitions.
The failure to properly manage growth through acquisitions could adversely affect our results of operations.
Growing through acquisitions and managing that growth will require us to continue to invest in operational, financial and management information systems and to attract, retain, motivate and effectively manage our employees. Pursuing and integrating acquisitions involves a number of risks, including:
| diversion of management attention from existing operations; | |
| unexpected losses of key employees, customers and suppliers of the acquired business; | |
| conforming the financial, technological and management standards, processes, procedures and controls of the acquired business with those of our existing operations; and | |
| increasing the scope, geographic diversity and complexity of our operations. |
The process of integrating acquired operations into our existing operations may result in unforeseen operating difficulties and may require significant management attention and financial resources that would otherwise be available for the ongoing development or expansion of existing operations.
A substantial portion of our producing properties is located in one geographic area.
We have extensive operations in the Williston Basin of Montana and North Dakota. As of December 31, 2003, our Cedar Creek Anticline properties in the Williston Basin represented approximately 73% of our proved reserves and 61% of our 2003 production. Any circumstance or event that negatively impacts production or marketing of oil and natural gas in the Williston Basin could materially reduce our earnings and cash flow.
Derivative instruments expose us to risks of financial loss in a variety of circumstances.
We use derivative instruments in an effort to reduce our exposure to fluctuations in the prices of oil and natural gas and to reduce our cash outflows related to interest. Our derivative instruments expose us to risks of financial loss in a variety of circumstances, including when:
| a counterparty to our derivative instruments is unable to satisfy its obligations; | |
| production is less than expected; or |
3
| there is an adverse change in the expected differential between the underlying price in the derivative instrument and actual prices received for our production. |
Derivative instruments may limit our ability to realize increased revenue from increases in the prices for oil and natural gas.
We adopted Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 133, Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities, on January 1, 2001. SFAS 133 generally requires us to record each hedging transaction as an asset or liability measured at its fair value. Each quarter we must record changes in the fair value of our hedges, which could result in significant fluctuations in net income and stockholders equity from period to period. Please read our most recently filed annual report on Form 10-K and quarterly report on Form 10-Q for a more detailed discussion of our hedging program.
Drilling oil and natural gas wells is a high-risk activity.
Drilling oil and natural gas wells, including development wells, involves numerous risks, including the risk that no commercially productive oil or natural gas reservoirs will be discovered. We often are uncertain as to the future cost or timing of drilling, completing and producing wells. We may not recover all or any portion of our investment in drilling oil and natural gas wells.
Our drilling operations may be curtailed, delayed or canceled as a result of a variety of factors, including:
| unexpected drilling conditions or miscalculations; | |
| title problems; | |
| pressure or irregularities in formations; | |
| equipment failures or accidents; | |
| adverse weather conditions; | |
| compliance with environmental and other governmental requirements, which may increase our costs or restrict our activities; and | |
| cost of, or shortages or delays in the availability of, drilling rigs and equipment. |
The failure to replace our reserves could adversely affect our financial condition.
Our future success depends upon our ability to find, develop or acquire additional oil and natural gas reserves that are economically recoverable. Our proved reserves generally decline when reserves are produced, unless we conduct successful exploitation or development activities or acquire properties containing proved reserves, or both. We may not be able to find, develop or acquire additional reserves on an economic basis.
Substantial capital is required to replace and grow reserves. If lower oil and natural gas prices or operating difficulties result in our cash flow from operations being less than expected or limit on our ability to borrow under our revolving credit facility, we may be unable to expend the capital necessary to find, develop or acquire new oil and natural gas reserves.
We have limited control over the activities on properties we do not operate.
Other companies operate some of the properties in which we have an interest. We have limited ability to influence or control the operation or future development of these non-operated properties or the amount of capital expenditures that we are required to fund with respect to them. Our dependence on the operator and other working interest owners for these projects and our limited ability to influence or control the operation and future development of these properties could materially adversely affect the realization of our targeted returns on capital in drilling or acquisition activities and lead to unexpected future costs.
4
Our business involves many operating risks that can cause substantial losses; insurance may be unavailable or inadequate to protect us against these risks.
Our operations are subject to hazards and risks inherent in drilling for, producing and transporting oil and natural gas, such as:
| fires; | |
| natural disasters; | |
| explosions; | |
| formations with abnormal pressures; | |
| blowouts; | |
| collapses of wellbore, casing or other tubulars; | |
| failure of oilfield drilling and service tools; | |
| uncontrollable flows of oil, natural gas, formation water or drilling fluids; | |
| pressure forcing oil or natural gas out of the wellbore at a dangerous velocity coupled with the potential for fire or explosion; | |
| changes in below-ground pressure in a formation that cause surface collapse or cratering; | |
| pipeline ruptures or cement failures; | |
| environmental hazards, such as oil spills, natural gas leaks and discharges of toxic gases; and | |
| weather. |
If any of these events occur, we could incur substantial losses as a result of:
| injury or loss of life; | |
| damage to and destruction of property, natural resources and equipment; | |
| pollution and other environmental damage; | |
| regulatory investigations and penalties; | |
| suspension of our operations; and | |
| repair and remediation costs. |
We do not maintain insurance against the loss of oil or natural gas reserves as a result of operating hazards, nor do we maintain business interruption insurance. In addition, pollution and environmental risks generally are not fully insurable. We may experience losses for uninsurable or uninsured risks or losses in amounts in excess of existing insurance coverage. The occurrence of an event that is not fully covered by insurance could harm our financial condition and results of operations.
Terrorist activities and the potential for military and other actions could adversely affect our business.
The threat of terrorism and the impact of military and other action have caused instability in world financial markets and could lead to increased volatility in prices for oil and natural gas, all of which could adversely affect the markets for our operations. Future acts of terrorism could be directed against companies operating in the United States. The U.S. government has issued public warnings that indicate that energy assets might be specific targets of terrorist organizations. These developments have subjected our operations to increased risk and, depending on their ultimate magnitude, could have a material adverse effect on our business.
5
Our development and exploitation operations require substantial capital, and we may be unable to obtain needed financing on satisfactory terms.
We make and will continue to make substantial capital expenditures in development and exploitation projects. We intend to finance these capital expenditures through a combination of cash flow from operations and external financing arrangements. Additional financing sources may be required in the future to fund our capital expenditures. Financing may not continue to be available under existing or new financing arrangements, or on acceptable terms, if at all. If additional capital resources are not available, we may be forced to curtail our drilling and other activities or be forced to sell some of our assets on an untimely or unfavorable basis.
The loss of key personnel could adversely affect our business.
We depend to a large extent on the efforts and continued employment of I. Jon Brumley, our Chairman of the Board and Chief Executive Officer, Jon S. Brumley, our President, and other key personnel. The loss of the services of Mr. I. Jon Brumley or Mr. Jon S. Brumley or other key personnel could adversely affect our business, and we do not have employment agreements with, and do not maintain key man insurance on the lives of, any of these persons. Our drilling success and the success of other activities integral to our operations will depend, in part, on our ability to attract and retain experienced geologists, engineers and other professionals. Competition for experienced geologists, engineers and some other professionals is extremely intense. If we cannot retain our technical personnel or attract additional experienced technical personnel, our ability to compete could be harmed.
The marketability of our oil and natural gas production is dependent upon transportation facilities over which we have no control.
The marketability of our oil and natural gas production depends in part upon the availability, proximity and capacity of pipelines, oil and natural gas gathering systems and processing facilities. Any significant change in market factors affecting these infrastructure facilities could harm our business. We deliver oil and natural gas through gathering systems and pipelines that we do not own. These facilities may not be available to us in the future.
Competition in the oil and natural gas industry is intense, and many of our competitors have greater financial, technological and other resources than we do.
We operate in the highly competitive areas of oil and natural gas acquisition, development, exploitation and production. The oil and natural gas industry is characterized by rapid and significant technological advancements and introductions of new products and services using new technologies. We face intense competition from independent, technology-driven companies as well as from both major and other independent oil and natural gas companies in each of the following areas:
| acquiring desirable producing properties or new leases for future exploration; | |
| marketing our oil and natural gas production; | |
| integrating new technologies; and | |
| acquiring the equipment and expertise necessary to develop and operate our properties. |
Many of our competitors have financial, technological and other resources substantially greater than ours, which may adversely affect our ability to compete with these companies. These companies may be able to pay more for development prospects and productive oil and natural gas properties and may be able to define, evaluate, bid for and purchase a greater number of properties and prospects than our financial or human resources permit. Further, these companies may enjoy technological advantages and may be able to implement new technologies more rapidly than we can. Our ability to develop and exploit our oil and natural gas properties and to acquire additional properties in the future will depend upon our ability to successfully
6
We are subject to complex federal, state and local laws and regulations that could adversely affect our business.
Exploration, development, production and sale of oil and natural gas in North America are subject to extensive federal, state, provincial and local laws and regulations, including complex tax and environmental laws and regulations. We may be required to make large expenditures to comply with applicable laws and regulations, which could adversely affect our results of operations and financial condition. Matters subject to regulation include:
| discharge permits for drilling operations; | |
| drilling bonds; | |
| spacing of wells; | |
| unitization and pooling of properties; | |
| environmental protection; | |
| reports concerning operations; and | |
| taxation. |
Under these laws and regulations, we could be liable for:
| personal injuries; | |
| property damage; | |
| oil spills; | |
| discharge of hazardous materials; | |
| reclamation costs; | |
| remediation and clean-up costs; and | |
| other environmental damages. |
We do not believe that full insurance coverage for all potential environmental damages is available at a reasonable cost, and we may need to expend significant financial and managerial resources to comply with environmental regulations and permitting requirements. We could incur substantial additional costs and liabilities in our oil and natural gas operations as a result of stricter environmental laws, regulations and enforcement policies.
Failure to comply with these laws and regulations also may result in the suspension or termination of our operations and subject us to administrative, civil and criminal penalties. Further, these laws and regulations could change in ways that substantially increase our costs. Any of these liabilities, penalties, suspensions, terminations or regulatory changes could make it more expensive for us to conduct our business or cause us to limit or curtail some of our operations.
The cessation of operations by Arthur Andersen LLP will limit our ability to use the consolidated financial statements audited by Arthur Andersen LLP and could impact our ability to access public capital markets as well as our investors ability to seek potential recoveries from Arthur Andersen LLP.
Our consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2001 were audited by Arthur Andersen LLP, independent public accountants, as indicated in their report with respect thereto, and are incorporated in this prospectus in reliance upon the authority of said firm as experts in giving said reports. Subsequent to Arthur Andersen LLPs completion of our 2001 audit, the firm was convicted of obstruction of
7
We may issue preferred stock whose terms could adversely affect the voting power or value of our common stock.
Our certificate of incorporation authorizes us to issue, without the approval of our stockholders, one or more classes or series of preferred stock having such preferences, powers and relative, participating, optional and other rights, including preferences over our common stock respecting dividends and distributions, as our board of directors generally may determine. The terms of one or more classes or series of preferred stock could adversely impact the voting power or value of our common stock. For example, we might grant holders of preferred stock the right to elect some number of our directors in all events or on the happening of specified events or the right to veto specified transactions. Similarly, the repurchase or redemption rights or liquidation preferences we might assign to holders of preferred stock could affect the residual value of the common stock. Please read Description of Capital Stock Preferred Stock beginning on page 18.
FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION
This prospectus, including the information we incorporate by reference, includes forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933 and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934. You can identify our forward-looking statements by words such as estimate, project, predict, believe, expect, anticipate, plan, forecast, budget, goal or other words that convey the uncertainty of future events or outcomes. When considering these forward-looking statements, you should keep in mind the risk factors and other cautionary statements contained in this prospectus, any prospectus supplement and the documents we have incorporated by reference.
The forward-looking statements are not guarantees of future performance, and we caution you not to rely unduly on them. We have based many of these forward-looking statements on expectations and assumptions about future events that may prove to be inaccurate. While our management considers these expectations and assumptions to be reasonable, they are inherently subject to significant business, economic, competitive, regulatory and other risks, contingencies and uncertainties, most of which are difficult to predict and many of which are beyond our control. These risks, contingencies and uncertainties relate to, among other matters, the following:
| the risks associated with operating in one or two major geographic areas; | |
| the risks associated with drilling of oil and natural gas wells in our exploitation efforts; | |
| our ability to find, acquire, market, develop, and produce new properties; | |
| oil and natural gas price volatility; | |
| uncertainties in the estimation of proved reserves and in the projection of future rates of production and timing of exploitation expenditures; | |
| operating hazards attendant to the oil and natural gas business; | |
| drilling and completion risks that are generally not recoverable from third parties or insurance; | |
| potential mechanical failure or underperformance of significant wells; | |
| climatic conditions; |
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| availability and cost of material and equipment; | |
| derivative instruments; | |
| actions or inactions of third-party operators of our properties; | |
| our ability to find and retain skilled personnel; | |
| availability of capital; | |
| the strength and financial resources of our competitors; | |
| regulatory developments; | |
| environmental risks; and | |
| general economic and business conditions and industry trends. |
We have discussed some of these factors in more detail in the Risk Factors section of this prospectus. These factors are not necessarily all the important factors that could affect us. We advise you that you should (1) be aware that important factors we do not refer to above could affect the accuracy of our forward-looking statements and (2) use caution and common sense when considering our forward-looking statements. We do not intend to update these statements unless the securities laws require us to do so.
9
USE OF PROCEEDS
Unless we inform you otherwise in the prospectus supplement, we will use the net proceeds from the sale of the offered securities for general corporate purposes. These purposes may include funding working capital requirements, capital expenditures, repayment and refinancing of indebtedness and repurchases and redemptions of securities. Pending any specific application, we may initially invest those funds in short-term marketable securities or apply them to the reduction of short-term indebtedness.
RATIO OF EARNINGS TO FIXED CHARGES
Our ratio of earnings to fixed charges for each of the periods shown is as follows:
Three | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Months | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
Ended | Year Ended December 31, | |||||||||||||||||||||||
March 31, | ||||||||||||||||||||||||
2004 | 2003 | 2002 | 2001 | 2000 | 1999 | |||||||||||||||||||
Ratio of earnings to fixed charges
|
7.6 | x | 7.0 | x | 5.8 | x | 6.3 | x | 2.2 | x | 2.0 | x |
We have computed the ratios of earnings to fixed charges by dividing earnings by fixed charges. For this purpose, earnings consist of income before income taxes plus fixed charges exclusive of capitalized interest. Fixed charges consist of interest, whether expensed or capitalized, amortization of capitalized expenses relating to indebtedness and an estimate of the portion of annual rental expense on operating leases that represents the interest factor.
10
DESCRIPTION OF DEBT SECURITIES
The debt securities covered by this prospectus will be our general unsecured obligations. The debt securities will be either senior debt securities or subordinated debt securities. Subject to compliance with our revolving credit agreement and the indentures related to our outstanding subordinated notes, we will issue the debt securities under one or more separate indentures between us and a trustee that we will name in the prospectus supplement. Senior debt securities will be issued under a senior indenture, and subordinated debt securities will be issued under a subordinated indenture. In this description, we sometimes call the senior indenture and the subordinated indenture the indentures.
We have summarized the provisions of the indentures and the debt securities below. You should read the indentures for more details regarding the provisions we describe below and for other provisions that may be important to you. We have filed the forms of the indentures with the SEC as exhibits to the registration statement, and we will include the applicable final indenture and any other instrument establishing the terms of any debt securities we offer as exhibits to a filing we will make with the SEC in connection with that offering. Please read Where You Can Find More Information.
In this summary description of the debt securities, all references to Encore, us or our mean Encore Acquisition Company only, unless we state otherwise or the context clearly indicates otherwise.
General
The senior debt securities will constitute senior debt and will rank equally with all our unsecured and unsubordinated debt. The subordinated debt securities will be subordinated to, and thus have a junior position to, any senior debt securities and all our other senior debt. The indentures will not limit the amount of debt we may issue under the indentures, and, unless we inform you otherwise in the prospectus supplement, they will not limit the amount of other unsecured debt or securities we may incur or issue. We may issue debt securities under either indenture from time to time in one or more series, each in an amount we authorize prior to issuance.
We conduct a substantial part of our operations through our subsidiaries, and our subsidiaries generate a significant part of our operating income and cash flow. As a result, distributions or advances from our subsidiaries are important sources of funds to meet our debt service obligations. Contractual provisions or laws, as well as our subsidiaries financial condition and operating requirements, may limit our ability to obtain from our subsidiaries cash that we need to pay our debt service obligations, including payments on the debt securities. In addition, holders of the debt securities will have a junior position to the claims of creditors of our subsidiaries on their assets and earnings.
Unless we inform you otherwise in the prospectus supplement, the indentures and the debt securities will not contain:
| any covenants or other provisions designed to protect holders of the debt securities in the event we participate in a highly leveraged transaction; or | |
| provisions that give holders of the debt securities the right to require us to repurchase their securities in the event of a decline in our credit rating resulting from a takeover, recapitalization or similar restructuring or otherwise. |
The prospectus supplement relating to any series of debt securities being offered will include specific terms relating to the offering. These terms will include some or all of the following:
| the title of the debt securities; | |
| the total principal amount of the debt securities; | |
| whether the debt securities are senior debt securities or subordinated debt securities; | |
| whether we will issue the debt securities in individual certificates to each holder or in the form of temporary or permanent global securities held by a depositary on behalf of holders; |
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| the date or dates on which the principal of and any premium on the debt securities will be payable; | |
| any interest rate, the date from which interest will accrue, interest payment dates and record dates for interest payments; | |
| whether and under what circumstances any additional amounts with respect to the debt securities will be payable; | |
| the place or places where payments on the debt securities will be payable; | |
| any provisions for redemption or early repayment; | |
| any sinking fund or other provisions that would obligate us to redeem, purchase or repay the debt securities prior to maturity; | |
| the denominations in which we may issue the debt securities; | |
| whether payments on the debt securities will be payable in foreign currency or currency units or another form, and whether payments on the debt securities will be payable by reference to any index or formula; | |
| the portion of the principal amount of the debt securities that will be payable if the maturity is accelerated, if other than the entire principal amount; | |
| any additional means of defeasance of the debt securities, any additional conditions or limitations to defeasance of the debt securities or any changes to those conditions or limitations; | |
| any changes or additions to the events of default or covenants this prospectus describes; | |
| any restrictions or other provisions relating to the transfer or exchange of the debt securities; | |
| any terms for the conversion or exchange of the debt securities for other securities issued by Encore or any other entity; and | |
| any other terms of the debt securities, whether in addition to, or by modification or deletion of, the terms described herein. |
We may sell the debt securities at a discount, which may be substantial, below their stated principal amount. Those debt securities may bear no interest or may bear interest at a rate that at the time of issuance is below market rates.
Subordination
Under the subordinated indenture, payment of the principal, interest and any premium on the subordinated debt securities will generally be subordinated and junior in right of payment to the prior payment in full of all Senior Debt. Unless we inform you otherwise in the prospectus supplement, we may not make any payment of principal, interest or any premium on the subordinated debt securities if:
| we fail to pay the principal, interest, premium or any other amounts on any Senior Debt when due; or | |
| we default in performing any other covenant (a covenant default) in any Senior Debt that we have designated if the covenant default allows the holders of that Senior Debt to accelerate the maturity of the Senior Debt they hold. |
Unless we inform you otherwise in the prospectus supplement, a covenant default will prevent us from making payments on the subordinated debt securities only for up to 179 days after holders of the Senior Debt give the trustee for the subordinated debt securities notice of the covenant default.
The subordination provisions will not affect our obligation, which will be absolute and unconditional, to pay, when due, principal of, premium, if any, and interest on the subordinated debt securities. In addition, the subordination provisions will not prevent the occurrence of any default under the subordinated indenture.
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Unless we inform you otherwise in the prospectus supplement, the subordinated indenture will not limit the amount of Senior Debt that we may incur. As a result of the subordination of the subordinated debt securities, if we became insolvent, holders of subordinated debt securities may receive less on a proportionate basis than our other creditors.
Unless we inform you otherwise in the prospectus supplement, Senior Debt will mean all notes or other indebtedness, including guarantees, of Encore for money borrowed and similar obligations, unless the indebtedness states that it is not senior to the subordinated debt securities or our other junior debt.
Subsidiary Guarantees
If specified in the prospectus supplement, subsidiaries of Encore may guarantee the obligations of Encore relating to its debt securities issued under this prospectus. The specific terms and provisions of each subsidiary guarantee, including any provisions relating to the subordination of any subsidiary guarantee, will be described in the applicable prospectus supplement. The obligations of each subsidiary guarantor under its subsidiary guarantee will be limited as necessary to seek to prevent that subsidiary guarantee from constituting a fraudulent conveyance or fraudulent transfer under applicable federal or state law.
Consolidation, Merger and Sale of Assets
The indentures generally will permit a consolidation or merger between us and another entity. They also will permit the sale by us of our assets substantially as an entirety. The indentures will provide, however, that we may consolidate with another entity to form a new entity or merge into any other entity or transfer or dispose of our assets substantially as an entirety to any other entity only if:
| the resulting or surviving entity assumes the due and punctual payments on the debt securities and the performance of our covenants and obligations under the applicable indenture and the debt securities; and | |
| immediately after giving effect to the transaction, no default or event of default would occur and be continuing. |
Events of Default
Unless we inform you otherwise in the prospectus supplement, the following will be events of default with respect to a series of debt securities:
| our failure to pay interest or any required additional amounts on any debt securities of that series for 30 days; | |
| our failure to pay principal of or any premium on any debt securities of that series when due; | |
| our failure to deposit any mandatory sinking fund payment for that series of debt securities when due for 30 days; | |
| our failure to comply with any of our covenants or agreements in the debt securities of that series or the applicable indenture, other than an agreement or covenant that we have included in that indenture solely for the benefit of other series of debt securities, for 90 days after written notice by the trustee or by the holders of at least 25% in principal amount of all the outstanding debt securities issued under that indenture that are affected by that failure; | |
| specified events involving bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization of Encore; and | |
| any other event of default provided for that series of debt securities. |
A default under one series of debt securities will not necessarily be a default under another series. The trustee may withhold notice to the holders of the debt securities of any default or event of default, except in any payment on the debt securities, if the trustee in good faith determines that withholding notice is in the interest of the holders of the debt securities.
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If an event of default for any series of debt securities occurs and is continuing, the trustee or the holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of the series affected by the default, or, in some cases, 25% in principal amount of all senior debt securities or subordinated debt securities affected, voting as one class, may declare the principal of and all accrued and all unpaid interest on those debt securities to be immediately due and payable. If an event of default relating to events of bankruptcy, insolvency or reorganization occurs, the principal of and all accrued and unpaid interest on all the debt securities will become immediately due and payable without any action on the part of the applicable trustee or any holder. The holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of the series affected by the default, or of all senior debt securities or subordinated debt securities affected, voting as one class, may in some cases rescind this accelerated payment requirement. Depending on the terms of our other indebtedness, an event of default under either of the indentures may give rise to cross defaults on our other indebtedness.
A holder of a debt security of any series will be able to pursue any remedy under the applicable indenture only if:
| the holder gives the trustee written notice of a continuing event of default for that series; | |
| the holders of at least 25% in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of that series make a written request to the trustee to pursue the remedy; | |
| the holder or holders offer to the trustee indemnity reasonably satisfactory to it; | |
| the trustee fails to act for a period of 60 days after receipt of notice and offer of indemnity; and | |
| during that 60-day period, the holders of a majority in principal amount of the debt securities of that series do not give the trustee a direction inconsistent with the request. |
This provision will not, however, affect the right of a holder of a debt security to sue for enforcement of any overdue payment.
In most cases, holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of a series, or of all debt securities affected, voting as one class, will be able to direct the time, method and place of:
| conducting any proceeding for any remedy available to the applicable trustee; and | |
| exercising any trust or power conferred on the applicable trustee not relating to or arising under an event of default. |
Each indenture will require us to file with the trustee each year a written statement as to our compliance with the covenants contained in that indenture.
Modification and Waiver
We may amend or supplement either indenture if the holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of all series issued under the applicable indenture and affected by the amendment or supplement, acting as one class, consent to it. Without the consent of the holder of each debt security affected, however, no amendment or supplement may:
| reduce the amount of debt securities whose holders must consent to an amendment, supplement or waiver; | |
| reduce the rate of or change the time for payment of interest on any debt security; | |
| reduce the principal of, premium on or any mandatory sinking fund payment for any debt security; | |
| change the stated maturity of any debt security; | |
| reduce any premium payable on the redemption of any debt security or change the time at which any debt security may or must be redeemed; | |
| change any obligation to pay additional amounts on any debt security; |
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| make the payments on any debt security payable in any currency or currency unit other than as the debt security originally states; | |
| impair the holders right to institute suit for the enforcement of any payment on any debt security; | |
| make any change in the percentage of principal amount of debt securities necessary to waive compliance with specified provisions of the applicable indenture or to make any change in the applicable indentures provisions for modification; | |
| waive a continuing default or event of default regarding any payment on any debt security; or | |
| with respect to the subordinated indenture, modify the provisions relating to the subordination of any subordinated debt security in a manner adverse to the holder of that security. |
We and the applicable trustee may agree to amend or supplement either indenture or waive any provision of either indenture without the consent of any holders of debt securities in some circumstances, including:
| to cure any ambiguity, omission, defect or inconsistency; | |
| to provide for the assumption of our obligations under the indenture by a successor upon any merger, consolidation or asset transfer; | |
| to provide for uncertificated debt securities in addition to or in place of certificated debt securities or to provide for bearer debt securities; | |
| to provide any security for or add guarantees of any series of debt securities; | |
| to comply with any requirement to effect or maintain the qualification of the indenture under the Trust Indenture Act of 1939; | |
| to add covenants that would benefit the holders of any debt securities or to surrender any rights we have under the indenture; | |
| to add events of default with respect to any debt securities; | |
| to make any change that does not adversely affect any outstanding debt securities of any series in any material respect; | |
| to facilitate the defeasance or discharge of any series of debt securities if that change does not adversely affect the holders of debt securities of that series or any other series under the indenture in any material respect; and | |
| to provide for the acceptance of a successor or another trustee. |
The holders of a majority in principal amount of the outstanding debt securities of any series, or of all senior debt securities or subordinated debt securities affected, voting as one class, may waive any existing or past default or event of default with respect to those debt securities. Those holders may not, however, waive any default or event of default in any payment on any debt security or compliance with a provision that cannot be amended or supplemented without the consent of each holder affected.
Discharge and Defeasance
We will be discharged from all obligations under the applicable indenture with respect to any series of debt securities, except for surviving obligations relating to any conversion rights and to register the transfer or exchange of the debt securities, if:
| all debt securities of the series previously authenticated and delivered under the relevant indenture have been delivered to the indenture trustee for cancellation; or | |
| all debt securities of that series have become due and payable or will become due and payable within one year, at maturity or by redemption, and we deposit with the applicable trustee funds or government |
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securities sufficient to make payments on the debt securities of that series on the dates those payments are due. |
To exercise our right to be discharged, we must deliver to the applicable trustee an opinion of counsel and an officers certificate stating that all conditions precedent to the satisfaction and discharge of the applicable indenture have been complied with.
In addition to our right of discharge described above, we may deposit with the applicable trustee funds or government securities sufficient to make payments on the debt securities of a series on the dates those payments are due and payable, then, at our option, either of the following will occur:
| we will be discharged from our obligations with respect to the debt securities of that series (legal defeasance); or | |
| we will no longer have any obligation to comply with the restrictive covenants under the applicable indenture, and the related events of default will no longer apply to us, but some of our other obligations under the indenture and the debt securities of that series, including our obligation to make payments on those debt securities, will survive (covenant defeasance). |
If we defease a series of debt securities, the holders of the debt securities of the series affected will not be entitled to the benefits of the applicable indenture, except for our obligations to:
| register the transfer or exchange of debt securities; | |
| replace stolen, lost or mutilated debt securities; and | |
| maintain paying agencies and hold moneys for payment in trust. |
Unless we inform you otherwise in the prospectus supplement, we will be required to deliver to the applicable trustee an opinion of counsel that the deposit and related defeasance would not cause the holders of the debt securities to recognize income, gain or loss for United States federal income tax purposes. If we elect legal defeasance, that opinion of counsel must be based on a ruling from the United States Internal Revenue Service or a change in law to that effect.
Governing Law
New York law will govern the indentures and the debt securities.
Trustee
If an event of default occurs and is continuing, the trustee will be required to use the degree of care and skill of a prudent person in the conduct of his own affairs. The trustee will become obligated to exercise any of its powers under the indenture at the request of any of the holders of any debt securities only after those holders have offered the trustee indemnity reasonably satisfactory to it.
Each indenture will limit the right of the trustee, if it becomes one of our creditors, to obtain payment of claims or to realize on certain property received for any such claim, as security or otherwise. The trustee may engage in other transactions with us. If it acquires any conflicting interest, however, it must eliminate that conflict or resign.
Form, Exchange, Registration and Transfer
We will issue the debt securities in registered form, without interest coupons. We will not charge a service charge for any registration of transfer or exchange of the debt securities. We may, however, require the payment of any tax or other governmental charge payable for that registration.
Debt securities of any series will be exchangeable for other debt securities of the same series with the same total principal amount and the same terms but in different authorized denominations in accordance with the applicable indenture. Holders may present debt securities for registration of transfer at the office of the security registrar or any transfer agent we designate. The security registrar or transfer agent will effect the
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Unless we inform you otherwise in the prospectus supplement, we will appoint the trustee under each indenture as security registrar for the debt securities we issue under that indenture. If the prospectus supplement refers to any transfer agents initially designated by us, we may at any time rescind that designation or approve a change in the location through which any transfer agent acts. We will be required to maintain an office or agency for transfers and exchanges in each place of payment. We may at any time designate additional transfer agents for any series of debt securities or rescind the designation of any transfer agent.
In the case of any redemption, neither the security registrar nor the transfer agent will be required to register the transfer or exchange of any debt security:
| during a period beginning 15 business days before the day of mailing of the relevant notice of redemption and ending on the close of business on that day of mailing; or | |
| if we have called the debt security for redemption in whole or in part, except the unredeemed portion of any debt security being redeemed in part. |
Payment and Paying Agents
Unless we inform you otherwise in the prospectus supplement, we will make payments on the debt securities in U.S. dollars at the office of the applicable trustee or any paying agent we designate. At our option, we may make payments by check mailed to the holders registered address or, with respect to global debt securities, by wire transfer. Unless we inform you otherwise in the prospectus supplement, we will make interest payments to the person in whose name the debt security is registered at the close of business on the record date for the interest payment.
Unless we inform you otherwise in the prospectus supplement, we will designate the trustee under each indenture as our paying agent for payments on debt securities we issue under that indenture. We may at any time designate additional paying agents or rescind the designation of any paying agent or approve a change in the office through which any paying agent acts.
Subject to the requirements of any applicable abandoned property laws, the trustee and paying agent will repay to us upon written request any funds held by them for payments on the debt securities that remain unclaimed for two years after the date upon which that payment has become due. After repayment to us, holders entitled to those funds must look only to us for payment.
Book-entry Debt Securities
We may issue the debt securities of a series in the form of one or more global debt securities that would be deposited with a depositary or its nominee identified in the prospectus supplement. We may issue global debt securities in either temporary or permanent form. We will describe in the prospectus supplement the terms of any depositary arrangement and the rights and limitations of owners of beneficial interests in any global debt security.
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DESCRIPTION OF CAPITAL STOCK
Our authorized capital stock consists of:
| 60,000,000 shares of common stock; and | |
| 5,000,000 shares of preferred stock, issuable in series. |
As of June 25, 2004, there were 30,502,681 shares of common stock issued and outstanding, and no shares of our preferred stock were issued and outstanding.
In the discussion that follows, we refer to our certificate of incorporation, as amended and restated, as our certificate of incorporation and to our amended and restated by-laws as our by-laws. You should read our certificate of incorporation and by-laws as currently in effect for more details regarding the provisions we describe below and for other provisions that may be important to you. We have filed copies of those documents with the SEC, and they are incorporated by reference as exhibits to the registration statement. Please read Where You Can Find More Information.
Common Stock
The holders of our common stock are entitled to one vote per share on all matters to be voted on by the stockholders. Holders of common stock may not cumulate their votes in the election of directors. As a result, the holders of a majority of the voting power of the shares voting for the election of directors can elect all directors to be elected if they choose to do so. Our board of directors may grant holders of preferred stock, in the resolutions creating the series of preferred stock, the right to vote on the election of directors or any questions affecting us.
Holders of common stock will be entitled to dividends in such amounts and at such times as our board of directors in its discretion may declare out of funds legally available for the payment of dividends. We have not paid dividends and intend to retain future earnings to provide funds for use in the operation and expansion of our business. In addition, the payment of dividends on the common stock is limited by the provisions of our debt instruments and may be limited by obligations we may have to holders of any preferred stock. In particular, we are prohibited from paying any cash dividends by our revolving credit facility.
If we liquidate or dissolve our business, the holders of common stock will share ratably in all assets available for distribution to stockholders after our creditors are paid in full and the holders of all series of our outstanding preferred stock, if any, receive their liquidation preferences in full.
The common stock has no preemptive rights and is not convertible or redeemable or entitled to the benefits of any sinking or repurchase fund. All issued and outstanding shares of common stock are fully paid and nonassessable. Any shares of common stock we offer and sell under this prospectus will also be fully paid and nonassessable.
Our outstanding shares of common stock are listed on the New York Stock Exchange and trade under the symbol EAC. Any additional shares of common stock we offer and sell under this prospectus and related prospectus supplements will also be listed on the New York Stock Exchange.
Preferred Stock
At the direction of our board of directors, without any action by the holders of common stock, we may issue one or more series of preferred stock from time to time. Our board of directors can determine the number of shares of each series of preferred stock and, subject to some limitations our certificate of incorporation set forth, the voting powers, designations, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights, and the qualifications, limitations or restrictions applicable to any of those rights, including dividend rights, voting rights, conversion or exchange rights, terms of redemption and liquidation preferences, of each series.
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The prospectus supplement relating to any series of preferred stock we offer will include specific terms relating to the offering. These terms will include some or all of the following:
| the series designation of the preferred stock; | |
| the maximum number of shares of the series; | |
| the dividend rate or the method of calculating the dividend, the date from which dividends will accrue and whether dividends will be cumulative; | |
| any liquidation preference; | |
| any optional redemption provisions; | |
| any sinking fund or other provisions that would obligate us to redeem or repurchase the preferred stock; | |
| any terms for the conversion or exchange of the preferred stock for any other securities; | |
| any voting rights; and | |
| any other powers, preferences and relative, participating, optional or other special rights or any qualifications, limitations or restrictions on the rights of the shares. |
Any preferred stock we offer and sell under this prospectus will be fully paid and nonassessable.
The registration statement will include the certificate of designation as an exhibit or will incorporate the certificate of designation by reference. You should read that document for provisions that may be important to you.
Undesignated preferred stock may enable our board of directors to render more difficult or to discourage an attempt to obtain control of us by means of a tender offer, proxy contest, merger or otherwise, and to thereby protect the continuity of our management. The issuance of shares of preferred stock may adversely affect the rights of the holders of common stock. For example, any preferred stock issued may rank prior to the common stock as to dividend rights, liquidation preference or both, may have full or limited voting rights and may be convertible into shares of common stock. As a result, the issuance of shares of preferred stock may discourage bids for common stock or may otherwise adversely affect the market price of the common stock or any existing preferred stock.
Limitation on Directors Liability
Our certificate of incorporation limits the liability of our directors to us or our stockholders such that no member of our board of directors will be personally liable for monetary damages for any breach of the members fiduciary duty as a director, except for liability:
| for any breach of the members duty of loyalty to us or our stockholders; | |
| for acts or omissions not in good faith or which involve intentional misconduct or a knowing violation of law; | |
| for unlawful payments of dividends or unlawful stock repurchases or redemptions; and | |
| for any transaction from which the member derived an improper personal benefit. |
This provision could have the effect of discouraging or deterring our stockholders from bringing a lawsuit against our directors for breach of their duty of care, even though such an action, if successful, might otherwise have benefited our stockholders and us. Our by-laws provide indemnification to our officers and directors and other specified persons with respect to their conduct in various capacities, and we have entered into agreements with each of our directors which provide them with contractual rights of indemnification consistent with our by-laws.
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Anti-Takeover Provisions of Our By-laws
Our by-laws establish an advance notice procedure for the nomination of candidates for election as directors. In general, notice of intent to nominate a director at the annual meeting of stockholders or a special meeting of stockholders must contain specified information concerning the person to be nominated and be delivered to our principal executive offices:
| with respect to elections to be held at the annual meeting of stockholders: |
| not later than the 90th day nor earlier than the 120th day prior to the first anniversary of the preceding years annual meeting; | |
| if the date of the annual meeting is advanced by more than 30 days prior to or delayed by more than 90 days after that anniversary date, not earlier than the 120th day before the meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of (1) the 90th day before the meeting or (2) the tenth day following the day on which we first make a public announcement of the date of the meeting; |
| with respect to elections to be held at a special meeting of stockholders for the election of directors, not earlier than the 120th day before the meeting and not later than the close of business on the later of (1) the 90th day before the meeting and (2) the tenth day following the day on which we first make a public announcement of the date of the meeting and of the nominees proposed by the board of directors to be elected at the meeting. |
These procedures may operate to limit the ability of stockholders to nominate candidates for election as directors.
Delaware Takeover Statute
We have opted out of Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law. Section 203 regulates corporate acquisitions and prevents certain Delaware corporations, including those whose securities are listed on the New York Stock Exchange, from engaging, under certain circumstances, in a business combination with any interested stockholder for three years following the date that such stockholder became an interested stockholder. For purposes of Section 203, a business combination includes, among other things, a merger or consolidation involving Encore and the interested stockholder and the sale of 10% or more of our assets to the interested stockholder. In general, Section 203 defines an interested stockholder as any entity or person beneficially owning 15% or more of our outstanding voting stock and any entity or person affiliated with or controlling or controlled by such entity or person.
Delaware Corporate Opportunity Provision
As permitted by Section 122(17) of the DGCL, our certificate of incorporation contains a provision that permits a current and three former investor stockholders and their affiliates to participate in transactions relating exclusively to the acquisition, development and exploitation of North American oil and natural gas reserves without making such opportunities available to Encore. When our certificate of incorporation was adopted in March 2001, these current and former stockholders believed this provision was necessary and appropriate because of their other significant investments in entities that conduct operations in the oil and natural gas industry.
Registration Rights
The holders of approximately 10,386,640 shares of common stock are entitled to rights with respect to the registration of such shares under the Securities Act. Under the terms of the agreement between us and the holders of such registrable securities, if we propose to register any of our securities under the Securities Act, either for our own account or for the account of other security holders exercising registration rights, such holders are entitled to notice of such registration and are entitled to include shares of such common stock in the registration. Additionally, such holders are also entitled to demand registration rights, pursuant to which they may require us on up to three occasions to file a registration statement under the Securities Act at our
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Transfer Agent and Registrar
The transfer agent and registrar for our common stock is Mellon Investor Services LLC.
PLAN OF DISTRIBUTION
We may sell the offered securities in and outside the United States (1) through underwriters or dealers, (2) directly to purchasers or (3) through agents. The prospectus supplement will set forth the following information:
| the terms of the offering; | |
| the names of any underwriters or agents; | |
| the name or names of any managing underwriter or underwriters; | |
| the purchase price of the securities from us; | |
| the net proceeds we will receive from the sale of the securities; | |
| any delayed delivery arrangements; | |
| any underwriting discounts, commissions and other items constituting underwriters compensation; | |
| the initial public offering price; | |
| any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers; and | |
| any commissions paid to agents. |
Sale Through Underwriters or Dealers
If we use underwriters in the sale of the offered securities, the underwriters will acquire the securities for their own account. The underwriters may resell the securities from time to time in one or more transactions, including negotiated transactions, at a fixed public offering price or at varying prices determined at the time of sale. Underwriters may offer securities to the public either through underwriting syndicates represented by one or more managing underwriters or directly by one or more firms acting as underwriters. Unless we inform you otherwise in the prospectus supplement, the obligations of the underwriters to purchase the securities will be subject to several conditions, and the underwriters will be obligated to purchase all the offered securities if they purchase any of them. The underwriters may change from time to time any initial public offering price and any discounts or concessions allowed or reallowed or paid to dealers.
If we use underwriters in the sale of the offered securities, rules of the SEC may limit the ability of the underwriters and certain selling group members to bid for and purchase our securities until the distribution of the offered securities is completed. As an exception to these rules, the underwriters are permitted to engage in certain transactions that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of the offered securities.
In connection with an underwritten offering, the underwriters may make short sales of the offered securities and may purchase our securities on the open market to cover positions created by short sales. Short sales involve the sale by the underwriters of a greater number of securities than they are required to purchase in the offering. Covered short sales are made in an amount not greater than the over-allotment option we may grant to the underwriters in connection with the offering. The underwriters may close out any covered short position by either exercising the over-allotment option or purchasing our securities in the open market. In determining the source of securities to close out the covered short position, the underwriters will consider, among other things, the price of securities available for purchase in the open market as compared to the price
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The underwriters may also impose a penalty bid on certain selling group members. This means that if the underwriters purchase our securities in the open market to reduce the selling group members short position or to stabilize the price of the securities, they may reclaim the amount of the selling concession from the selling group members who sold those securities as part of the offering.
In general, purchases of a security for the purpose of stabilization or to reduce a short position could cause the price of the security to be higher than it might be in the absence of those purchases or those purchases could prevent or retard a decline in the price of the security. The imposition of a penalty bid might also have an effect on the price of a security to the extent that it were to discourage resales of the security.
Neither we nor the underwriters will make any representation or prediction as to the direction or magnitude of any effect that the transactions we describe above may have on the price of the offered securities. In addition, neither we nor the underwriters will make any representation that the underwriters will engage in these transactions or that these transactions, once commenced, will not be discontinued without notice.
If we use dealers in the sale of securities, we will sell the securities to them as principals. They may then resell those securities to the public at varying prices determined by the dealers at the time of resale. We will include in the prospectus supplement the names of the dealers and the terms of the transaction.
Direct Sales and Sales Through Agents
We may sell the securities directly. In that event, no underwriters or agents would be involved. We may also sell the securities through agents we designate from time to time. In the prospectus supplement, we will name any agent involved in the offer or sale of the offered securities, and we will describe any commissions payable by us to the agent. Unless we inform you otherwise in the prospectus supplement, any agent will agree to use its reasonable best efforts to solicit purchases for the period of its appointment.
We may sell the securities directly to institutional investors or others who may be deemed to be underwriters within the meaning of the Securities Act of 1933 with respect to any sale of those securities. We will describe the terms of any such sales in the prospectus supplement.
Delayed Delivery Contracts
If we so indicate in the prospectus supplement, we may authorize agents, underwriters or dealers to solicit offers from selected types of institutions to purchase securities from us at the public offering price under delayed delivery contracts. These contracts would provide for payment and delivery on a specified date in the future. The contracts would be subject only to those conditions described in the prospectus supplement. The prospectus supplement will describe the commission payable for solicitation of those contracts.
General Information
We may have agreements with the agents, dealers and underwriters to indemnify them against civil liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933, or to contribute with respect to payments that the agents, dealers or underwriters may be required to make. Agents, dealers and underwriters may be customers of, engage in transactions with or perform services for us in the ordinary course of their businesses.
LEGAL OPINIONS
Baker Botts L.L.P., Houston, Texas, our counsel, will issue an opinion about the legality of any common stock, preferred stock or debt securities we offer through this prospectus. Any underwriters will be advised about issues relating to any offering by their own legal counsel.
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INDEPENDENT AUDITORS
The consolidated financial statements of Encore Acquisition Company at December 31, 2003 and 2002, and for each of the two years in the period ended December 31, 2003, appearing in Encore Acquisition Companys Annual Report (Form 10-K) for the year ended December 31, 2003, have been audited by Ernst & Young LLP, independent auditors, as set forth in their report thereon included therein and incorporated herein by reference. Such consolidated financial statements are incorporated herein by reference in reliance upon such report given on the authority of such firm as experts in accounting and auditing.
Our consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2001 incorporated by reference in the registration statement have been audited by Arthur Andersen LLP, independent public accountants, as indicated in their report with respect thereto, and are incorporated herein in reliance upon the authority of said firm as experts in giving said report. Subsequent to Arthur Andersen LLPs completion of our 2001 audit, the firm was convicted of obstruction of justice charges relating to a federal investigation of Enron Corporation, has ceased practicing before the SEC, and has lost the services of the material personnel responsible for our audit. As a result, it is not possible to obtain Arthur Andersen LLPs consent to the incorporation by reference of their report in this prospectus, and we have dispensed with the requirement to file their consent in reliance upon Rule 437a of the Securities Act of 1933. Because Arthur Andersen LLP has not consented to the incorporation by reference of their report in this prospectus, you will not be able to recover against Arthur Andersen LLP under Section 11 of the Securities Act for any untrue statements of a material fact contained in the consolidated financial statements audited by Arthur Andersen LLP or any omissions to state a material fact required to be stated therein.
INDEPENDENT PETROLEUM ENGINEERS
Certain information with respect to the oil and natural gas reserves associated with our oil and natural gas properties is derived from the report of Miller and Lents, Ltd., independent petroleum engineers, and has been incorporated by reference in this prospectus upon the authority of said firm as experts with respect to matters covered by such reports and in giving such report.
WHERE YOU CAN FIND MORE INFORMATION
We file annual, quarterly and current reports, proxy statements and other information with the SEC. You can read and copy any materials we file with the SEC at the SECs public reference room at 450 Fifth Street, N.W., Washington, D.C. 20549. You can obtain information about the operation of the SECs public reference room by calling the SEC at 1-800-SEC-0330. The SEC also maintains a Web site that contains information we file electronically with the SEC, which you can access over the Internet at http://www.sec.gov. You can also obtain information about us at the offices of the New York Stock Exchange, 20 Broad Street, New York, New York 10005.
This prospectus is part of a registration statement we have filed with the SEC relating to the securities. This prospectus does not contain all the information the registration statement sets forth or includes in its exhibits and schedules, in accordance with the rules and regulations of the SEC, and we refer you to that omitted information. The statements this prospectus makes pertaining to the content of any contract, agreement or other document that is an exhibit to the registration statement necessarily are summaries of their material provisions, and we qualify them in their entirety by reference to those exhibits for complete statements of their provisions. The registration statement and its exhibits and schedules are available at the SECs public reference room or through its Web site.
The SEC allows us to incorporate by reference the information we file with it, which means we can disclose important information to you by referring you to those documents. The information we incorporate by reference is an important part of this prospectus, and later information we file with the SEC will automatically update and supersede that information. We incorporate by reference the documents listed below and any filings we make with the SEC under Section 13(a), 13(c), 14 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of
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| our annual report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2003; | |
| our quarterly report on Form 10-Q for the quarter ended March 31, 2004; | |
| our current reports on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on March 30, 2004, March 31, 2004, April 20, 2004, April 30, 2004, June 8, 2004, and June 23, 2004; and | |
| the description of our common stock in our registration statement on Form 8-A filed with the SEC on December 21, 2000. |
All filings filed by us pursuant to the Exchange Act after the date of the initial registration statement and prior to the effectiveness of the registration statement shall be deemed to be incorporated by reference into this prospectus.
We will provide without charge to each person, including any beneficial owner, to whom a copy of this prospectus has been delivered, upon written or oral request, a copy of any or all the documents we incorporate by reference in this prospectus, other than any exhibit to any of those documents, unless we have specifically incorporated that exhibit by reference into the information this prospectus incorporates. You may request copies by writing or telephoning us at the following address:
Encore Acquisition Company | |
777 Main Street, Suite 1400 | |
Fort Worth, Texas 76102 | |
Attention: Corporate Secretary | |
Telephone: (817) 877-9955 |
You should rely only on the information we have provided or incorporated by reference in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement. We have not authorized any person to provide information other than that provided in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement. We have not authorized anyone to provide you with different information. We are not making an offer of the securities in any jurisdiction where the offer is not permitted. You should not assume that the information in this prospectus or any prospectus supplement is accurate as of any date other than the date on its cover page or that any information contained in any document we have incorporated by reference is accurate as of any date other than the date of the document incorporated by reference. Accordingly, we urge you to review each document we subsequently file with the SEC and incorporate by reference as we describe above for updated information.
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