UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

FORM 10-K

 

x   Annual Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

 

For the fiscal year ended September 27, 2008

 

o  

Transition Report Pursuant to Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934

 

For the transition period from ________________ to ________________

 

Commission File No. 001-14704

 

TYSON FOODS, INC.

(Exact Name of Registrant as specified in its Charter)

Delaware
(State or other jurisdiction of
incorporation or organization)

 

71-0225165
(I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

 

2200 Don Tyson Parkway, Springdale, Arkansas
(Address of principal executive offices)

 

72762-6999
(Zip Code)

 

Registrant's telephone number, including area code:

 

(479) 290-4000

 

 

Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

Title of Each Class
Class A Common Stock, Par Value $0.10

Name of Each Exchange on Which Registered
New York Stock Exchange

 

Securities Registered Pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: Not Applicable

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act. Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act. Yes o No x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months, and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days. Yes x No o

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant's knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K. o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer, or a smaller reporting company. See definition of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act.

Large accelerated filer x

Accelerated filer o

Non-accelerated filer o(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

Smaller reporting company o

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Act). Yes o No x

On March 29, 2008, the aggregate market value of the registrant’s Class A Common Stock, $0.10 par value (Class A stock), and Class B Common Stock, $0.10 par value (Class B stock), held by non-affiliates of the registrant was $4,549,610,751 and $341,230, respectively. Class B stock is not publicly listed for trade on any exchange or market system. However, Class B stock is convertible into Class A stock on a share-for-share basis, so the market value was calculated based on the market price of Class A stock.

On October 25, 2008, there were 307,609,035 shares of the registrant's Class A stock and 70,021,155 shares of its Class B stock outstanding.


 

TYSON FOODS, INC.

 

INCORPORATION BY REFERENCE

Portions of the registrant's definitive Proxy Statement for the registrant's Annual Meeting of Shareholders to be held February 6, 2009, are incorporated by reference into Part III of this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

TABLE OF CONTENTS

 

 

 

PART I

 

PAGE

Item 1.

Business

3

Item 1A.

Risk Factors

7

Item 1B.

Unresolved Staff Comments

11

Item 2.

Properties

11

Item 3.

Legal Proceedings

12

Item 4.

Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders

15

 

 

 

PART II

Item 5.

Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities

16

Item 6.

Selected Financial Data

17

Item 7.

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

18

Item 7A.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosure About Market Risk

37

Item 8.

Financial Statements and Supplementary Data

39

Item 9.

Changes in and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure

78

Item 9A.

Controls and Procedures

78

Item 9B.

Other Information

78

 

 

 

PART III

Item 10.

Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance

79

Item 11.

Executive Compensation

79

Item 12.

Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters

79

Item 13.

Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence

80

Item 14.

Principal Accounting Fees and Services

80

 

 

 

PART IV

Item 15.

Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules

80

 

 

 

 

 

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TYSON FOODS, INC.

PART I

 

ITEM 1. BUSINESS

 

GENERAL

Founded in 1935, Tyson Foods, Inc. and its subsidiaries (collectively, “Company,” “we,” “us” or “our”) are the world’s largest meat protein company and the second-largest food production company in the Fortune 500 with one of the most recognized brand names in the food industry. We produce, distribute and market chicken, beef, pork, prepared foods and related allied products. Our operations are conducted in four segments: Chicken, Beef, Pork and Prepared Foods. Some of the key factors influencing our business are customer demand for our products; the ability to maintain and grow relationships with customers and introduce new and innovative products to the marketplace; accessibility of international markets; market prices for our products; the cost of live cattle and hogs, raw materials and grain; and operating efficiencies of our facilities.

 

We operate a fully vertically integrated poultry production process. Our integrated operations consist of breeding stock, contract growers, feed production, processing, further-processing, transporting and marketing chicken and related allied products, including animal and pet food ingredients. Through our wholly-owned subsidiary, Cobb-Vantress, Inc. (Cobb), we are the largest poultry breeding stock supplier in the world, supplying Tyson as well as a number of other poultry production companies. Investing in breeding stock research and development allows us to breed into our flocks the characteristics found to be most desirable.

 

We also process live fed cattle and hogs and fabricate dressed beef and pork carcasses into primal and sub-primal meat cuts, case-ready and fully-cooked meats. In addition, we derive value from allied products such as hides and variety meats sold to further processors and others.

 

We produce a wide range of fresh, value-added, frozen and refrigerated food products. Our products are marketed and sold primarily by our sales staff to national and regional grocery retailers, regional grocery wholesalers, meat distributors, warehouse club stores, military commissaries, industrial food processing companies, national and regional chain restaurants or their distributors, international export companies and domestic distributors who serve restaurants, foodservice operations such as plant and school cafeterias, convenience stores, hospitals and other vendors. Additionally, sales to the military and a portion of sales to international markets are made through independent brokers and trading companies.

 

We have been exploring ways to commercialize our supply of poultry litter and animal fats. In June 2007, we announced a 50/50 joint venture with Syntroleum Corporation, called Dynamic Fuels LLC. Dynamic Fuels LLC will produce renewable synthetic fuels targeting the renewable diesel and jet fuel markets. Construction of production facilities is expected to continue through late 2009, with production targeted for early 2010.

 

FINANCIAL INFORMATION OF SEGMENTS

We operate in four segments: Chicken, Beef, Pork and Prepared Foods. The contribution of each segment to net sales and operating income (loss), and the identifiable assets attributable to each segment, are set forth in Note 18, “Segment Reporting” of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements. In the fourth quarter fiscal 2008, we began to manage and report the operating results and identifiable assets of our logistics operations in each segment. All periods in this report reflect the change. In prior period reports, logistics operations were managed and reported separately and included in Other.

 

DESCRIPTION OF SEGMENTS

Chicken: Chicken operations include breeding and raising chickens, as well as processing live chickens into fresh, frozen and value-added chicken products and logistics operations to move products through the supply chain. Products are marketed domestically to food retailers, foodservice distributors, restaurant operators and noncommercial foodservice establishments such as schools, hotel chains, healthcare facilities, the military and other food processors, as well as to international markets throughout the world. It also includes sales from allied products and our chicken breeding stock subsidiary.

 

Beef: Beef operations include processing live fed cattle and fabricating dressed beef carcasses into primal and sub-primal meat cuts and case-ready products. This segment also includes sales from allied products such as hides and variety meats, as well as logistics operations to move products through the supply chain. Products are marketed domestically to food retailers, foodservice distributors, restaurant operators and noncommercial foodservice establishments such as schools, hotel chains, healthcare facilities, the military and other food processors, as well as to international markets throughout the world. Allied products are marketed to manufacturers of pharmaceuticals and technical products.

 

Pork: Pork operations include processing live market hogs and fabricating pork carcasses into primal and sub-primal cuts and case-ready products. This segment also includes our live swine group, related allied product processing activities and logistics operations to move products through the supply chain. Products are marketed domestically to food retailers, foodservice distributors, restaurant operators and noncommercial foodservice establishments such as schools, hotel chains, healthcare facilities, the military and other food processors, as well as to international markets throughout the world. We sell allied products to pharmaceutical and technical products manufacturers, as well as a limited number of live swine to pork processors.

 

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TYSON FOODS, INC.

 

Prepared Foods: Prepared Foods operations include manufacturing and marketing frozen and refrigerated food products, as well as logistics operations to move products through the supply chain. Products include pepperoni, bacon, beef and pork pizza toppings, pizza crusts, flour and corn tortilla products, appetizers, prepared meals, ethnic foods, soups, sauces, side dishes, meat dishes and processed meats. Products are marketed domestically to food retailers, foodservice distributors, restaurant operators and noncommercial foodservice establishments such as schools, hotel chains, healthcare facilities, the military and other food processors, as well as to international markets throughout the world.

 

RAW MATERIALS AND SOURCES OF SUPPLY

Chicken: The primary raw materials used in our chicken operations are corn and soybean meal used as feed and live chickens raised primarily by independent contract growers. Our vertically-integrated chicken process begins with the grandparent breeder flocks and ends with broilers for processing. Breeder flocks (i.e., grandparents) are raised to maturity in grandparent growing and laying farms where fertile eggs are produced. Fertile eggs are incubated at the grandparent hatchery and produce pullets (i.e., parents). Pullets are sent to breeder houses, and the resulting eggs are sent to our hatcheries. Once chicks have hatched, they are sent to broiler farms. There, contract growers care for and raise the chicks according to our standards, with advice from our technical service personnel, until the broilers reach the desired processing weight. Adult chickens are transported to processing plants, and finished products are sent to distribution centers, then delivered to customers.

 

We operate our own feed mills to produce scientifically-formulated feeds. In fiscal 2008, corn and soybean meal were major production costs, representing roughly 47% of our cost of growing a live chicken. In addition to feed ingredients to grow the chickens, we use cooking ingredients, packaging materials and cryogenic agents. We believe our sources of supply for these materials are adequate for our present needs, and we do not anticipate any difficulty in acquiring these materials in the future. While we produce nearly all our inventory of breeder chickens and live broilers, from time-to-time we purchase live, ice-packed or deboned chicken to meet production requirements.

 

Beef: The primary raw materials used in our beef operations are live cattle. We do not have facilities of our own to raise cattle, but have cattle buyers located throughout cattle producing areas who visit feed yards and buy live cattle on the open spot market. These buyers are trained to select high quality animals, and we continually measure their performance. We also enter into various risk-sharing and procurement arrangements with producers to secure a supply of livestock for daily start-up operations at our facilities. We believe the sources of supply of live cattle are adequate for our present needs.

 

Pork: The primary raw materials used in our pork operations are live hogs. The majority of our live hog supply is obtained through various procurement arrangements with independent producers. We also employ buyers who purchase hogs on a daily basis, generally a few days before the animals are processed. These buyers are trained to select high quality animals, and we continually measure their performance. We believe the sources of supply of live hogs are adequate for our present needs. Additionally, we raise live swine to sell to outside processors and supply a minimal amount of live swine for our own processing needs.

 

Prepared Foods: The primary raw materials used in our prepared foods operations are commodity based raw materials, including chicken, beef, pork, corn, flour and vegetables. Some of these raw materials are provided by the Chicken, Beef and Pork segments, while others may be purchased from numerous suppliers and manufacturers. We believe the sources of supply of raw materials are adequate for our present needs.

 

SEASONAL DEMAND

Demand for chicken and beef products generally increases during the spring and summer months and generally decreases during the winter months. Pork and prepared foods products generally experience increased demand during the winter months, primarily due to the holiday season, while demand decreases during the spring and summer months.

 

CUSTOMERS

Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. accounted for 13.3% of our fiscal 2008 consolidated sales. Sales to Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. were included in the Chicken, Beef, Pork and Prepared Foods segments. Any extended discontinuance of sales to this customer could, if not replaced, have a material impact on our operations. No other single customer or customer group represents more than 10% of fiscal 2008 consolidated sales.

 

COMPETITION

Our food products compete with those of other national and regional food producers and processors and certain prepared food manufacturers. Additionally, our food products compete in markets around the world.

 

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TYSON FOODS, INC.

We seek to achieve a leading market position for our products via our principal marketing and competitive strategy, which includes:

 

identifying target markets for value-added products;

 

concentrating production, sales and marketing efforts to appeal to and enhance demand from those markets; and

 

utilizing our national distribution systems and customer support services.

 

Past efforts indicate customer demand can be increased and sustained through application of our marketing strategy, as supported by our distribution systems. The principal competitive elements are price, product safety and quality, brand identification, breadth and depth of the product offering, availability of products, customer service and credit terms.

 

INTERNATIONAL

We exported to more than 90 countries in fiscal 2008. Major export markets include Canada, Central America, China, the European Union, Japan, Mexico, the Middle East, Russia, South Korea and Taiwan.

 

We have the following international operations:

 

 

Tyson de Mexico, a Mexican subsidiary, is a vertically-integrated poultry production company;

 

Cobb-Vantress, a chicken breeding stock subsidiary, has business interests in Argentina, Brazil, the Dominican Republic, India, Italy, Japan, the Netherlands, Peru, the Philippines, Spain, Sri Lanka, the United Kingdom and Venezuela;

 

Godrej Tyson Foods, a majority interest in a poultry processing business in India;

 

Tyson Dalong, a majority interest in a chicken further processing facility in China;

 

Jiangsu-Tyson, a majority interest in a Chinese poultry breeding company, which will build a fully integrated poultry operation with production expected to begin in fiscal 2010;

 

Cactus Argentina, a majority interest in a vertically-integrated beef operation joint venture in Argentina; however, we do not consolidate the entity due to the lack of controlling interest; and

 

a technical service agreement with Grupo Melo in Panama to assist Grupo Melo with the production of further processed chicken products and to allow it to license the Tyson brand.

 

In October 2008, we purchased three poultry companies in southern Brazil, each vertically integrated. These companies include Macedo Agroindustrial, Avicola Itaiopolis and Frangobras.

 

In June 2008, we executed a letter of intent to sell Lakeside Farm Industries (Lakeside), our Canadian beef operation. Lakeside has a cattle feeding facility, beef carcass production, a boxed beef processing facility, a farming operation and a fertilizer operation. The transaction remains subject to government approvals and the execution of a definitive agreement. Subject to receipt of applicable government approvals, we expect to be ready to close this transaction by the end of the first quarter fiscal 2009. The results of Lakeside are reported as a discontinued operation.

 

We continue to explore growth opportunities in foreign countries. Additional information regarding export sales, long-lived assets located in foreign countries and income (loss) from foreign operations is set forth in Note 18, “Segment Reporting” of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements.

 

RESEARCH AND DEVELOPMENT

We conduct continuous research and development activities to improve product development, to automate manual processes in our processing plants and growout operations, and to improve chicken breeding stock. In 2007, we opened the Discovery Center, which includes 19 research kitchens and a USDA-inspected pilot plant. The Discovery Center brings new market-leading retail and foodservice products to the customer faster and more effectively.

 

ENVIRONMENTAL REGULATION AND FOOD SAFETY

Our facilities for processing chicken, beef, pork and prepared foods, milling feed and housing live chickens and swine are subject to a variety of federal, state and local environmental laws and regulations, which include provisions relating to the discharge of materials into the environment and generally provide for protection of the environment. We believe we are in substantial compliance with such applicable laws and regulations and are not aware of any violations of, or pending changes in, such laws and regulations likely to result in material penalties or material increases in compliance costs. The cost of compliance with such laws and regulations has not had a material adverse effect on our capital expenditures, earnings or competitive position, and it is not anticipated to have a material adverse effect in the future.

 

We work to ensure our products meet high standards of food safety and quality. In addition to our own internal Food Safety and Quality Assurance oversight and review, our chicken, beef, pork and prepared foods products are subject to inspection prior to distribution, primarily by the United States Department of Agriculture (USDA) and the United States Food and Drug Administration (FDA). We are also participants in the government's Hazardous Analysis Critical Control Point (HACCP) program and are subject to the Sanitation Standard Operating Procedures and the Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002.

 

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TYSON FOODS, INC.

EMPLOYEES AND LABOR RELATIONS

As of October 31, 2008, excluding our Lakeside discontinued operation, we employed approximately 107,000 employees. Approximately 99,000 employees were employed in the United States and 8,000 employees were in foreign countries, primarily Mexico. Approximately 31,000 employees were subject to collective bargaining agreements with various labor unions, with approximately 10% of those employees included under agreements expiring in fiscal 2009. These agreements expire over periods throughout the next several years. We believe our overall relations with our workforce are good.

 

MARKETING AND DISTRIBUTION

Our principal marketing objective is to be the primary provider of chicken, beef, pork and prepared foods products for our customers. We identify distinct markets and business opportunities through continuous consumer and market research. Our branding strategy focuses on one national protein brand, the Tyson brand, as well as a number of strong regional brands. All communications stress the quality, convenience and protein power benefits of our products while supporting and building brand awareness. Communication efforts are presently built around the “Thank you” advertising campaign and utilize a fully integrated and coordinated mix of activities designed to connect with customers and consumers on both a rational and emotional level. We utilize our national distribution system and customer support services to achieve the leading market position for our products.

 

We have the ability to produce and ship fresh, frozen and refrigerated products worldwide. Domestically, our distribution system extends to a broad network of food distributors, which is supported by our owned or leased cold storage warehouses, by public cold storage facilities and by our transportation system. Our distribution centers accumulate fresh and frozen products so we can fill and consolidate less-than-truckload orders into full truckloads, thereby decreasing shipping costs while increasing customer service. In addition, we provide our customers a wide selection of products that do not require large volume orders. Our distribution system enables us to supply large or small quantities of products to meet customer requirements anywhere in the continental United States. Internationally, we utilize both rail and truck refrigerated transportation to domestic ports, where consolidations take place to transport to foreign destinations. We use ocean and air transportation to meet the delivery needs of our foreign customers.

 

PATENTS AND TRADEMARKS

We have filed a number of patents and trademarks relating to our processes and products that either have been approved or are in the process of application. Because we do a significant amount of brand name and product line advertising to promote our products, we consider the protection of our trademarks to be important to our marketing efforts. We also have developed non-public proprietary information regarding our production processes and other product-related matters. We utilize internal procedures and safeguards to protect the confidentiality of such information and, where appropriate, seek patent and/or trademark protection for the technology we utilize.

 

INDUSTRY PRACTICES

Our agreements with customers are generally short-term, primarily due to the nature of our products, industry practices and fluctuations in supply, demand and price for such products. In certain instances where we are selling further processed products to large customers, we may enter into written agreements whereby we will act as the exclusive or preferred supplier to the customer, with pricing terms that are either fixed or variable. Due to volatility of raw materials, fixed price contracts are generally limited to three months in duration.

 

AVAILABILITY OF SEC FILINGS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE DOCUMENTS ON INTERNET WEBSITE

We maintain an internet website for investors at http://ir.tyson.com. On this website, we make available, free of charge, annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K and all amendments to any of those reports, as soon as reasonably practicable after we electronically file such reports with, or furnish to, the Securities and Exchange Commission. Also available on the website for investors are the Corporate Governance Principles, Audit Committee charter, Compensation Committee charter, Governance Committee charter, Nominating Committee charter and Code of Conduct. Our corporate governance documents are available in print, free of charge to any shareholder who requests them.

 

CAUTIONARY STATEMENTS RELEVANT TO FORWARD-LOOKING INFORMATION FOR THE PURPOSE OF "SAFE HARBOR" PROVISIONS OF THE PRIVATE SECURITIES LITIGATION REFORM ACT OF 1995

 

Certain information in this report constitutes forward-looking statements. Such forward-looking statements include, but are not limited to, current views and estimates of future economic circumstances, industry conditions in domestic and international markets, our performance and financial results, including, without limitation, debt-levels, return on invested capital, value-added product growth, capital expenditures, tax rates, access to foreign markets and dividend policy. These forward-looking statements are subject to a number of factors and uncertainties that could cause our actual results and experiences to differ materially from anticipated results and expectations expressed in such forward-looking statements. We wish to caution readers not to place undue reliance on any forward-looking statements, which speak only as of the date made. We undertake no obligation to publicly update any forward-looking statements, whether as a result of new information, future events or otherwise.

 

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TYSON FOODS, INC.

Among the factors that may cause actual results and experiences to differ from anticipated results and expectations expressed in such forward-looking statements are the following: (i) fluctuations in the cost and availability of inputs and raw materials, such as live cattle, live swine, feed grains (including corn and soybean meal) and energy; (ii) market conditions for finished products, including competition from other global and domestic food processors, supply and pricing of competing products and alternative proteins and demand for alternative proteins; (iii) successful rationalization of existing facilities and operating efficiencies of the facilities; (iv) risks associated with our commodity trading risk management activities; (v) access to foreign markets together with foreign economic conditions, including currency fluctuations, import/export restrictions and foreign politics; (vi) outbreak of a livestock disease (such as avian influenza (AI) or bovine spongiform encephalopathy (BSE)), which could have an effect on livestock we own, the availability of livestock we purchase, consumer perception of certain protein products or our ability to access certain domestic and foreign markets; (vii) changes in availability and relative costs of labor and contract growers and our ability to maintain good relationships with employees, labor unions, contract growers and independent producers providing us livestock; (viii) issues related to food safety, including costs resulting from product recalls, regulatory compliance and any related claims or litigation; (ix) changes in consumer preference and diets and our ability to identify and react to consumer trends; (x) significant marketing plan changes by large customers or loss of one or more large customers; (xi) adverse results from litigation; (xii) risks associated with leverage, including cost increases due to rising interest rates or changes in debt ratings or outlook; (xiii) compliance with and changes to regulations and laws (both domestic and foreign), including changes in accounting standards, tax laws, environmental laws and occupational, health and safety laws; (xiv) our ability to make effective acquisitions or joint ventures and successfully integrate newly acquired businesses into existing operations; (xv) effectiveness of advertising and marketing programs; (xvi) the effect of, or changes in, general economic conditions; and (xvii) those factors listed under Item 1A. “Risk Factors.”

 

ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

These risks, which should be considered carefully with the information provided elsewhere in this report, could materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations. The risks described below are not the only risks we face. Additional risks and uncertainties not currently known to us or that we currently deem to be immaterial also may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.

 

Fluctuations in commodity prices and in the availability of raw materials, especially feed grains, live cattle, live swine and energy could negatively impact our earnings.

Our results of operations and financial condition are dependent upon the cost and supply of raw materials such as feed grains, live cattle, live swine, energy and ingredients, as well as the selling prices for our products, many of which are determined by constantly changing market forces of supply and demand over which we have limited or no control. Corn and soybean meal are major production costs in the poultry industry, representing roughly 47% of our cost of growing a chicken in fiscal 2008. As a result, fluctuations in prices for these feed ingredients, which include competing demand for corn and soybean meal for use in the manufacture of renewable energy, can adversely affect our earnings. Production of feed ingredients is affected by, among other things, weather patterns throughout the world, the global level of supply inventories and demand for grains and other feed ingredients, as well as agricultural and energy policies of domestic and foreign governments.

 

We have cattle under contract at feed yards owned by third parties; however, most of the cattle we process are purchased from independent producers. We have cattle buyers located throughout cattle producing areas who visit feed yards and buy live cattle on the open spot market. We also enter into various risk-sharing and procurement arrangements with producers who help secure a supply of livestock for daily start-up operations at our facilities. The majority of our live swine supply is obtained through various procurement arrangements with independent producers. We also employ buyers who purchase hogs on a daily basis, generally a few days before the animals are required for processing. In addition, we raise live swine and sell feeder pigs to independent producers for feeding to processing weight and have contract growers feed a minimal amount of company-owned live swine for our own processing needs. Any decrease in the supply of cattle or swine on the spot market could increase the price of these raw materials and further increase per head cost of production due to lower capacity utilization, which could adversely affect our financial results.

 

Market demand and the prices we receive for our products may fluctuate due to competition from global and domestic food processors.

We face competition from other global, national and regional food producers and processors. The factors on which we compete include:

 

 

price;

 

product safety and quality;

 

brand identification;

 

breadth and depth of the product offering;

 

availability of our products;

 

customer service; and

 

credit terms.

 

Demand for our products also is affected by competitors’ promotional spending, the effectiveness of our advertising and marketing programs and the availability or price of competing proteins.

 

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TYSON FOODS, INC.

 

We attempt to obtain prices for our products that reflect, in part, the price we must pay for the raw materials that go into our products. If we are not able to obtain higher prices for our products when the price we pay for raw materials increases, we may be unable to maintain positive margins.

 

Outbreaks of livestock diseases can adversely impact our ability to conduct our operations and demand for our products.

Demand for our products can be adversely impacted by outbreaks of livestock diseases, such as strains of avian influenza and bovine spongiform encephalopathy, which can have a significant impact on our financial results. Efforts are taken to control disease risks by adherence to good production practices and extensive precautionary measures designed to ensure the health of livestock. However, outbreaks of disease and other events, which may be beyond our control, either in our own livestock or cattle and hogs owned by independent producers who sell livestock to us, could significantly affect demand for our products, consumer perceptions of certain protein products, the availability of livestock for purchase by us and our ability to conduct our operations. Moreover, the outbreak of livestock diseases, particularly in our Chicken segment, could have a significant effect on the livestock we own by requiring us to, among other things, destroy any affected livestock. Furthermore, an outbreak of disease could result in governmental restrictions on the import and export of our fresh chicken, beef or other products to or from our suppliers, facilities or customers. This could also result in negative publicity that may have an adverse effect on our ability to market our products successfully and on our financial results.

 

We are subject to risks associated with our international operations, which could negatively affect our sales to customers in foreign countries, as well as our operations and assets in such countries.

In fiscal 2008, we exported to more than 90 countries. Major export markets include Canada, Central America, China, the European Union, Japan, Mexico, the Middle East, Russia, South Korea and Taiwan. Our export sales for fiscal 2008 totaled $3.2 billion. In addition, we had approximately $139 million of long-lived assets located in foreign countries, primarily Mexico, at the end of fiscal 2008. Approximately 22% of income from continuing operations before income taxes for fiscal 2008 was from foreign operations.

 

As a result, we are subject to various risks and uncertainties relating to international sales and operations, including:

 

 

imposition of tariffs, quotas, trade barriers and other trade protection measures imposed by foreign countries regarding the import of poultry, beef and pork products, in addition to import or export licensing requirements imposed by various foreign countries;

 

closing of borders by foreign countries to the import of poultry, beef and pork products due to animal disease or other perceived health or safety issues;

 

impact of currency exchange rate fluctuations between the U.S. dollar and foreign currencies, particularly the Canadian dollar, the Mexican peso, the European euro, the British pound sterling, the Brazilian real and the Chinese yuan;

 

political and economic conditions;

 

difficulties and costs associated with complying with, and enforcing remedies under, a wide variety of complex domestic and international laws, treaties and regulations, including, without limitation, the Foreign Corrupt Practices Act;

 

different regulatory structures and unexpected changes in regulatory environments;

 

tax rates that may exceed those in the United States and earnings that may be subject to withholding requirements and incremental taxes upon repatriation;

 

potentially negative consequences from changes in tax laws; and

 

distribution costs, disruptions in shipping or reduced availability of freight transportation.

 

Occurrence of any of these events in the markets where we operate or in other developing markets could jeopardize or limit our ability to transact business in those markets and could adversely affect our financial results.

 

We depend on the availability of, and good relations with, our employees.

Excluding our Lakeside discontinued operation, we have approximately 107,000 employees, of whom approximately 31,000 are covered by collective bargaining agreements or are members of labor unions. Our operations depend on the availability and relative costs of labor and maintaining good relations with employees and the labor unions. If we fail to maintain good relations with our employees or with the unions, we may experience labor strikes or work stoppages, which could adversely affect our financial results.

 

We depend on contract growers and independent producers to supply us with livestock.

We contract primarily with independent contract growers to raise the live chickens processed in our poultry operations. A majority of our cattle and hogs are purchased from independent producers who sell livestock to us under marketing contracts or on the open market. If we do not attract and maintain contracts with our growers, or maintain marketing relationships with independent producers, our production operations could be negatively affected.

 

If our products become contaminated, we may be subject to product liability claims and product recalls.

Our products may be subject to contamination by disease-producing organisms or pathogens, such as Listeria monocytogenes, Salmonella and generic E. coli. These pathogens are found generally in the environment; therefore, there is a risk they, as a result of food processing, could be present in our products. These pathogens also can be introduced to our products as a result of improper

 

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TYSON FOODS, INC.

handling at the further processing, foodservice or consumer level. These risks may be controlled, but may not be eliminated, by adherence to good manufacturing practices and finished product testing. We have little, if any, control over proper handling procedures once our products have been shipped for distribution. Even an inadvertent shipment of contaminated products may be a violation of law and may lead to increased risk of exposure to product liability claims, product recalls (which may not entirely mitigate the risk of product liability claims), increased scrutiny and penalties, including injunctive relief and plant closings, by federal and state regulatory agencies, and adverse publicity, which could exacerbate the associated negative consumer reaction. Any of these occurrences may have an adverse effect on our financial results.

 

Our operations are subject to general risks of litigation.

We are involved on an on-going basis in litigation arising in the ordinary course of business or otherwise. Trends in litigation may include class actions involving consumers, shareholders, employees or injured persons, and claims relating to commercial, labor, employment, antitrust, securities or environmental matters. Litigation trends and the outcome of litigation cannot be predicted with certainty and adverse litigation trends and outcomes could adversely affect our financial results.

 

Our level of indebtedness and the terms of our indebtedness could negatively impact our business and liquidity position.

At September 27, 2008, we had approximately $2.9 billion of indebtedness outstanding. We had a borrowing capacity of $1.5 billion, consisting of $709 million available under our $1.0 billion revolving credit facility and $750 million under our accounts receivable securitization facility at September 27, 2008. We expect our indebtedness, including borrowings under our credit agreements, may increase from time to time in the future for various reasons, including fluctuations in operating results, capital expenditures and possible acquisitions, joint ventures or other significant initiatives. Our consolidated indebtedness level could adversely affect our business because:

 

 

it may limit or impair our ability to obtain financing in the future;

 

our credit rating could restrict or impede our ability to access capital markets at desired rates and increase our borrowing costs;

 

it may reduce our flexibility to respond to changing business and economic conditions or to take advantage of business opportunities that may arise;

 

a portion of our cash flow from operations must be dedicated to interest payments on our indebtedness and is not available for other purposes; and

 

it may restrict our ability to pay dividends.

 

In addition, our debt agreements require us to meet specified financial ratios and limit our ability to enter into various transactions. Our ability to meet those financial ratios can be affected by events beyond our control, and there can be no assurance we will meet those ratios. If we default on any of our indebtedness, or if we are unable to obtain necessary liquidity, our indebtedness would be due and payable immediately, and our business could be adversely affected.

 

An impairment in the carrying value of goodwill could negatively impact our consolidated results of operations and net worth.

Goodwill is initially recorded at fair value and is not amortized, but is reviewed for impairment at least annually or more frequently if impairment indicators are present. In assessing the recoverability of goodwill, we make estimates and assumptions about sales, operating margin growth rates and discount rates based on our budgets, business plans, economic projections, anticipated future cash flows and marketplace data. There are inherent uncertainties related to these factors and management’s judgment in applying these factors. Goodwill valuations have been calculated using an income approach based on the present value of future cash flows of each reporting unit. We could be required to evaluate the recoverability of goodwill prior to the annual assessment if we experience disruptions to the business, unexpected significant declines in operating results, divestiture of a significant component of our business or sustained market capitalization declines. These types of events and the resulting analyses could result in goodwill impairment charges in the future. Impairment charges could substantially affect our financial results in the periods of such charges. In addition, impairment charges would negatively impact our financial ratios and could limit our ability to obtain financing in the future. As of September 27, 2008, we had $2.5 billion of goodwill, which represented approximately 23.1% of total assets.

 

Domestic and international government regulations could impose material costs.

Our operations are subject to extensive federal, state and foreign laws and regulations by authorities that oversee food safety standards and processing, packaging, storage, distribution, advertising and labeling of our products. Our facilities for processing chicken, beef, pork, prepared foods and milling feed and for housing live chickens and swine are subject to a variety of international, federal, state and local laws relating to the protection of the environment, including provisions relating to the discharge of materials into the environment, and to the health and safety of our employees. Our chicken, beef and pork processing facilities are participants in the HACCP program and are subject to the Public Health Security and Bioterrorism Preparedness and Response Act of 2002. In addition, our chicken, beef, pork and prepared foods products are subject to inspection prior to distribution, primarily by the USDA and the FDA. Loss of or failure to obtain necessary permits and registrations could delay or prevent us from meeting current product demand, introducing new products, building new facilities or acquiring new businesses and could adversely affect operating results. Additionally, we are routinely subject to new or modified laws, regulations and accounting standards, such as recently enacted country of origin labeling (COOL) requirements. If we are found to be out of compliance with applicable laws and regulations in these or other areas, we could be subject to civil remedies, including fines, injunctions, recalls or asset seizures, as well as potential criminal

 

9


 

TYSON FOODS, INC.

sanctions, any of which could have an adverse effect on our financial results.

 

A material acquisition, joint venture or other significant initiative could affect our operations and financial condition.

We have recently completed acquisitions and joint venture agreements and continually evaluate potential acquisitions, joint ventures and other initiatives (collectively, “transactions”), and we may seek to expand our business through the acquisition of companies, processing plants, technologies, products and services from others, which could include material transactions. A material transaction may involve a number of risks, including:

 

 

failure to realize the anticipated benefits of the transaction;

 

difficulty integrating acquired businesses, technologies, operations and personnel with our existing business;

 

diversion of management attention in connection with negotiating transactions and integrating the businesses acquired;

 

exposure to unforeseen or undisclosed liabilities of acquired companies; and

 

the need to obtain additional debt or equity financing for any transaction, which, if obtained, could adversely affect our various financial ratios.

 

We may not be able to address these risks and successfully develop these acquired companies or businesses into profitable units of our company. If we are unable to do this, expansion could adversely affect our financial results.

 

Market fluctuations could negatively impact our operating results as we hedge certain transactions.

Our business is exposed to fluctuating market conditions. We use derivative financial instruments to reduce our exposure to various market risks including changes in commodity prices, interest rates and foreign exchange rates. We hold certain positions, primarily in grain and livestock futures, that do not qualify as hedges for financial reporting purposes. These positions are marked to fair value, and the unrealized gains and losses are reported in earnings at each reporting date. Therefore, losses on these contracts will adversely affect our reported operating results. While these contracts reduce our exposure to changes in prices for commodity products, the use of such instruments may ultimately limit our ability to benefit from favorable commodity prices.

 

Deterioration of economic conditions could negatively impact our business.

Our business may be adversely affected by changes in national or global economic conditions, including inflation, interest rates, availability of capital markets, consumer spending rates, energy availability and costs (including fuel surcharges) and the effects of governmental initiatives to manage economic conditions. Any such changes could adversely affect the demand for our beef, poultry and pork products, or the cost and availability of our needed raw materials, cooking ingredients and packaging materials, thereby negatively affecting our financial results.

 

The recent disruptions in credit and other financial markets and deterioration of national and global economic conditions, could, among other things:

 

 

make it more difficult or costly for us to obtain financing for our operations or investments or to refinance our debt in the future;

 

cause our lenders to depart from prior credit industry practice and make more difficult or expensive the granting of any technical or other waivers under our credit agreements to the extent we may seek them in the future;

 

impair the financial condition of some of our customers and suppliers thereby increasing customer bad debts or non-performance by suppliers;

 

negatively impact global demand for protein products, which could result in a reduction of sales, operating income and cash flows;

 

decrease the value of our investments in equity and debt securities, including our marketable debt securities, company-owned life insurance and pension and other postretirement plan assets;

 

negatively impact our commodity risk management activities if we are required to record additional losses related to derivative financial instruments in the first quarter of fiscal 2009 if grain prices remain lower than prices at the end of fiscal 2008; or

 

impair the financial viability of our insurers.

 

Changes in consumer preference could negatively impact our business.

The food industry in general is subject to changing consumer trends, demands and preferences. Trends within the food industry change often, and failure to identify and react to changes in these trends could lead to, among other things, reduced demand and price reductions for our products, and could have an adverse effect on our financial results.

 

The loss of one or more of our largest customers could negatively impact our business.

Our business could suffer significant set backs in sales and operating income if our customers’ plans and/or markets should change significantly, or if we lost one or more of our largest customers, including, for example, Wal-Mart Stores, Inc., which accounted for 13.3% of our sales in fiscal 2008. Many of our agreements with our customers are generally short-term, primarily due to the nature of our products, industry practice and the fluctuation in demand and price for our products.

 

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TYSON FOODS, INC.

The consolidation of customers could negatively impact our business.

Our customers, such as supermarkets, warehouse clubs and food distributors, have consolidated in recent years, and consolidation is expected to continue throughout the United States and in other major markets. These consolidations have produced large, sophisticated customers with increased buying power who are more capable of operating with reduced inventories, opposing price increases, and demanding lower pricing, increased promotional programs and specifically tailored products. These customers also may use shelf space currently used for our products for their own private label products. If we fail to respond to these trends, our volume growth could slow or we may need to lower prices or increase promotional spending for our products, any of which would adversely affect our financial results.

 

Extreme factors or forces beyond our control could negatively impact our business.

Natural disasters, fire, bioterrorism, pandemic or extreme weather, including droughts, floods, excessive cold or heat, hurricanes or other storms, could impair the health or growth of livestock or interfere with our operations due to power outages, fuel shortages, damage to our production and processing facilities or disruption of transportation channels, among other things. Any of these factors, as well as disruptions in our information systems, could have an adverse effect on our financial results.

 

Our renewable energy ventures and other initiatives might not be as successful as we expect.

We have been exploring ways to commercialize animal fats and other by-products from our operations, as well as the poultry litter of our contract growers, to generate energy and other value-added products. For example, in fiscal 2007, we announced the formation of Dynamic Fuels, a joint venture with Syntroleum Corporation. We will continue to explore other ways to commercialize opportunities outside our core business, such as renewable energy and other technologically-advanced platforms. These initiatives might not be as financially successful as we initially announced or would expect due to factors that include, but are not limited to, possible discontinuance of tax credits, competing energy prices, failure to operate at the volumes anticipated, abilities of our joint venture partners and our limited experience in some of these new areas.

 

Members of the Tyson family can exercise significant control.

Members of the Tyson family beneficially own, in the aggregate, 99.97% of our outstanding shares of Class B Common Stock, $0.10 par value (Class B stock) and 2.31% of our outstanding shares of Class A Common Stock, $0.10 par value (Class A stock), giving them control of approximately 70% of the total voting power of our outstanding voting stock. In addition, three members of the Tyson family serve on our Board of Directors. As a result, members of the Tyson family have the ability to exert substantial influence or actual control over our management and affairs and over substantially all matters requiring action by our stockholders, including amendments to our restated certificate of incorporation and by-laws, the election and removal of directors, any proposed merger, consolidation or sale of all or substantially all of our assets and other corporate transactions. This concentration of ownership may also delay or prevent a change in control otherwise favored by our other stockholders and could depress our stock price. Additionally, as a result of the Tyson family’s significant ownership of our outstanding voting stock, we have relied on the “controlled company” exemption from certain corporate governance requirements of the New York Stock Exchange. Pursuant to these exemptions, our compensation committee, which is made up of independent directors, does not have sole authority to determine the compensation of our executive officers, including our chief executive officer.

 

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

None

 

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

We have sales offices and production and distribution operations in the following states: Alabama, Arkansas, Arizona, California, Georgia, Hawaii, Illinois, Indiana, Iowa, Kansas, Kentucky, Maryland, Mississippi, Missouri, Nebraska, New Jersey, New Mexico, New York, North Carolina, Oklahoma, Pennsylvania, South Carolina, South Dakota, Tennessee, Texas, Virginia, Washington and Wisconsin. Additionally, we, either directly or through our subsidiaries, have facilities in or participate in joint venture operations in Argentina, Brazil, Canada, China, the Dominican Republic, Hong Kong, India, Italy, Japan, Mexico, the Netherlands, Peru, the Philippines, Russia, South Korea, Spain, Sri Lanka, Taiwan, the United Arab Emirates, the United Kingdom and Venezuela.

 

11


 

TYSON FOODS, INC.

 

 

 

Number of Facilities

 

 

 

Owned

Leased

Total

 

Chicken Segment:

 

 

 

 

 

Processing plants

 

51

1

52

 

Rendering plants

 

9

-

9

 

Blending mills

 

2

-

2

 

Feed mills

 

36

-

36

 

Broiler hatcheries

 

60

5

65

 

Breeder houses

 

310

647

957

 

Broiler farm houses

 

512

749

1,261

 

Beef Segment Production Facilities

 

12

-

12

 

Pork Segment Production Facilities

 

9

-

9

 

Prepared Foods Segment Processing Plants

 

24

1

25

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Distribution Centers

 

7

1

8

 

Cold Storage Facilities

 

57

-

57

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Capacity

Fiscal 2008

 

 

 

 

per week at

Average Capacity

 

 

 

 

September 27, 2008

Utilization

 

Chicken Processing Plants

 

 

44 million head

91%

 

Beef Production Facilities

 

 

173,000 head

82%

 

Pork Production Facilities

 

 

447,000 head

88%

 

Prepared Foods Processing Plants

 

 

51 million pounds

73%

 

 

Chicken: Chicken processing plants include various phases of slaughtering, dressing, cutting, packaging, deboning and further-processing. We also have 16 pet food operations, which are part of the Chicken processing plants. The blending mills, feed mills and broiler hatcheries have sufficient capacity to meet the needs of the chicken growout operations.

 

Beef: Beef plants include various phases of slaughtering live cattle and fabricating beef products. Some also treat and tan hides. The Beef segment includes three case-ready operations that share facilities with the Pork segment. One of the beef facilities contains a tallow refinery. Carcass facilities reduce live cattle to dressed carcass form. Processing facilities conduct fabricating operations to produce boxed beef and allied products.

 

Pork: Pork plants include various phases of slaughtering live hogs and fabricating pork products and allied products. The Pork segment includes three case-ready operations that share facilities with the Beef segment.

 

Prepared Foods: Prepared Foods plants process fresh and frozen beef, pork and other raw materials into pizza toppings, branded and processed meats, appetizers, prepared meals, ethnic foods, soups, sauces, side dishes, pizza crusts, flour and corn tortilla products and meat dishes.

 

We believe our present facilities are generally adequate and suitable for our current purposes; however, seasonal fluctuations in inventories and production may occur as a reaction to market demands for certain products. We regularly engage in construction and other capital improvement projects intended to expand capacity and improve the efficiency of our processing and support facilities.

 

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

Refer to the discussion of our certain legal proceedings pending against us under Part II, Item 8, Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements, Note 21: “Contingencies,” which discussion is incorporated herein by reference. Listed below are certain additional legal proceedings for which we are involved.

 

On October 23, 2001, a putative class action lawsuit styled R. Lynn Thompson, et al. vs. Tyson Foods, Inc. was filed in the District Court for Mayes County, Oklahoma by three property owners on behalf of all owners of lakefront property on Grand Lake O’ the Cherokees. Simmons Foods, Inc. and Peterson Farms, Inc. also are defendants. The plaintiffs allege the defendants’ operations diminished the water quality in the lake thereby interfering with the plaintiffs’ use and enjoyment of their properties. The plaintiffs sought injunctive relief and an unspecified amount of compensatory damages, punitive damages, attorneys’ fees and costs. While the District Court certified a class, on October 4, 2005, the Court of Civil Appeals of the State of Oklahoma reversed, holding the plaintiffs’ claims were not suitable for disposition as a class action. This decision was upheld by the Oklahoma Supreme Court and the case was remanded to the District Court with instructions that the matter proceed only on behalf of the three named plaintiffs. Plaintiffs seek injunctive relief, restitution and compensatory and punitive damages in an unspecified amount in excess of $10,000. We and the other defendants have denied liability and asserted various defenses. Defendants have requested a trial date, but the court has not yet scheduled the matter for trial.

 

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TYSON FOODS, INC.

In 2004, representatives of our subsidiary, Tyson Fresh Meats, Inc. (TFM), met with the U.S. Environmental Protection Agency (USEPA) staff to discuss alleged wastewater and late report filing violations under the Clean Water Act relating to the 2002 Second and Final Consent Decree that governed compliance requirements for TFM’s Dakota City, Nebraska, facility. TFM vigorously disputed these allegations. The U.S. Department of Justice (DOJ), on behalf of USEPA, recently requested that TFM enter into a tolling agreement concerning possible civil penalties and injunctive relief for Clean Water Act violations, which was executed in July 2008, and enter into negotiations with DOJ and USEPA regarding a potential settlement of this matter. Subsequently, the parties met to discuss the potential for settlement of the alleged violations and DOJ and USEPA demanded $5,500,000 in penalties. TFM disputes these allegations and is currently in negotiations to settle this matter.

 

On January 9, 2003, we received a notice of liability letter from Union Pacific Railroad Company (“Union Pacific”) relating to our alleged contributions of waste oil to the Double Eagle Refinery Superfund Site in Oklahoma City, Oklahoma. On August 22, 2006, the United States and the State of Oklahoma filed a lawsuit styled United States of America, et al. v. Union Pacific Railroad Co. against Union Pacific in the United States District Court for the Western District of Oklahoma seeking more than $22 million to remediate the Double Eagle site. Certain Tyson entities joined a “potentially responsible parties” group on October 31, 2006. A settlement between the “potentially responsible parties” group, the United States, and the State of Oklahoma was reached and the Tyson entities paid $625,586 into escrow towards the settlement of the matter. In furtherance of finalizing the settlement, on June 20, 2008 the DOJ filed a complaint styled United States of America, et al. v. Albert Investment Co., Inc. et al. against numerous alleged responsible parties, including various Tyson entities (the “Litigation”).  A proposed Consent Decree addressing all alleged liability of Tyson for the site was lodged on June 27, 2008. On August 15, 2008, Union Pacific submitted to the United States its Comments and Objections to the proposed Consent Decree.  On October 10, 2008, Union Pacific initiated litigation to challenge the proposed Consent Decree by filing a Motion to intervene in the Litigation. It is unclear whether Union Pacific will be allowed to intervene in the Litigation. If the proposed Consent Decree is entered, the escrowed amount will be paid to the United States and the State of Oklahoma.

 

In August 2004, we received a subpoena requesting the production of documents from a federal grand jury sitting in the Western District of Arkansas. The subpoena focused on events surrounding a workplace accident on October 10, 2003, that resulted in the death of one of our employees at the River Valley Animal Foods rendering plant in Texarkana, Arkansas. That workplace fatality had previously been the subject of an investigation by the Occupational Health and Safety Administration (OSHA) of the Department of Labor. On April 9, 2004, OSHA issued citations to us and our subsidiary Tyson Poultry, Inc., d/b/a River Valley Animal Foods, alleging violations of health and safety standards arising from the death of the employee due to hydrogen sulfide inhalation. The citations consist of five willful, 12 serious and two recordkeeping violations. OSHA seeks abatement of the alleged violations and proposed penalties of $436,000. The OSHA proceeding was stayed pending the completion of the grand jury investigation. On July 14, 2008, we received a letter from the United States Attorney's office in the Western District of Arkansas, in which the DOJ and the DOL claimed that we willfully violated OSHA regulations resulting in the death of an employee, and that certain of our employees or agents, acting in the course of their employment, had made false statements to OSHA compliance officers. The letter also expressed concern that our agents may have withheld documents in the course of the OSHA investigation, thereby subjecting us to liability for obstruction of justice. On September 26, 2008, we entered into a tolling agreement with the United States Attorney's Office which suspended the running of the statute of limitations until January 9, 2009 for any legal action arising from the events that the federal government might initiate, either criminal or civil.

 

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TYSON FOODS, INC.

On April 2, 2002, four former employees of our Shelbyville, Tennessee, chicken processing plant filed a putative class action complaint styled Trollinger et al. v. Tyson Foods, Inc. in the U.S. District Court for the Eastern District of Tennessee against us alleging that we, in conjunction with employment agencies and recruiters, engaged in a scheme to hire illegal immigrant workers in 15 of its processing plants to depress wages paid to hourly wage employees at those plants in violation of the federal Racketeer Influenced and Corrupt Practices Act (RICO). On July 16, 2002, the District Court dismissed the case. Following appeal, on June 3, 2004 the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals reversed the District Court’s dismissal decision and remanded the case for further proceedings. Discovery has been on-going since September 2004. In June 2005, the plaintiffs filed a second amended complaint which included different plaintiffs, narrowed the list of plants at issue to eight and added an allegation that we conspired with certain Hispanic civil rights groups to hire illegal immigrant workers. In addition, the second amended complaint added as defendants John Tyson, Richard Bond, Greg Lee, Archibald Schaffer III, Kenneth Kimbro, Karen Percival, Tim McCoy and Ahrazue Wilt, all of whom are current or former officers or managers of the Company. On August 5, 2005, plaintiffs sought certification of a putative class of all hourly wage employees at the eight Company plants since 1998 who were legally authorized to be employed in the United States. On October 10, 2006, the District Court granted plaintiffs’ motion for class certification. On October 24, 2006, defendants filed with the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals a petition for interlocutory review of the District Court’s class certification decision. On February 13, 2008, the District Court granted the Company’s and the individual defendants’ motions for summary judgment, dismissing the plaintiffs’ claims with prejudice. The plaintiffs filed a motion for reconsideration on February 28, 2008, that was denied by the District Court on April 22, 2008. The plaintiffs have filed with the Sixth Circuit Court of Appeals a petition for review of the District Court’s granting of our summary judgment motion. The Stipulation to Dismiss the petition for review was entered on October 26, 2008, and all pending matters before the District Court have been withdrawn by the defendants.

 

In November 2006, the Audit Committee of our Board of Directors engaged outside counsel to conduct a review of certain payments that had been made by one of our subsidiaries in Mexico, including payments to individuals employed by Mexican governmental bodies. The payments were discontinued in November 2006. Although the review process is ongoing, we believe the amount of these payments is immaterial, and we do not expect any material impact to our financial statements. We have contacted the Securities and Exchange Commission and the U.S. Department of Justice to inform them of our review and preliminary findings and are cooperating fully with these governmental authorities.

 

We currently have pending thirteen (13) separate lawsuits alleging that Tyson falsely advertised chicken products as “raised without antibiotics” in violation of various state consumer protection statutes (Curtsail v. Tyson, .08CV01643 (D. Md.); Cohen v. Tyson, 4:08CV0366 (E.D. Ark.); Wright v. Tyson, 08CV3022 (D. N.J.); Wilson v. Tyson, 4:08CV0587 (E.D. Ark.); Gupton v. Tyson, 4:08CV0588 (E.D. Ark.); Kranish v. Tyson, 08CV01619 (D. Md.); Latimer v. Tyson, 4:08CV004051 (W.D. Ark.); Zukowosky v. Tyson, 4:08CV0584 (E,D, Ark.); Bickerd v. Tyson, 08CV1796 (D. Md.); Court v. Tyson, 08CV03592 (W.D. Wash.); Epstein v. Tyson, 08CV2800 (N.D. Cal.); Johnson v. Tyson, 08CV291 (D. Idaho); Mize v. Tyson, 08CV4051 (W.D. Ark.)) Plaintiffs in each of these cases seek to pursue claims on behalf of themselves and proposed classes of other similarly situated consumers. Plaintiffs in each of these cases seek compensatory and punitive damages in an unspecified amount in excess of $5,000,000. Plaintiffs in two of these cases, Curtsail v. Tyson and Cohen v. Tyson, petitioned the Judicial Panel on Multidistrict Litigation to transfer all of these actions to a single court for consolidated or coordinated pretrial proceedings pursuant to 28 U.S.C. 1407. On October 17, 2008, the Judicial Panel granted the multidistrict litigation petitions and transferred the pending cases to the District of Maryland. A trial date has not been set.

 

Between 2003 and 2005, eight lawsuits were brought against Tyson and several other poultry companies by approximately 140 plaintiffs in Washington County, Arkansas Circuit Court (Green v. Tyson Foods, Inc., et al., Bible v. Tyson Foods, Inc., Beal v. Tyson Foods, Inc., et al., McWhorter v. Tyson Foods, Inc., et al., McConnell v. Tyson Foods, Inc., et al., Carroll v. Tyson Foods, Inc., et al., Belew v. Tyson Foods, Inc., et al., and Gonzalez v. Tyson Foods, Inc., et al.) alleging that the land application of poultry litter caused arsenic and pathogenic mold and fungi contamination of the air, soil and water in and around Prairie Grove, Arkansas.  In addition to the poultry company defendants, plaintiffs sued Alpharma, the manufacturer of a feed ingredient containing an organic arsenic compound that has been used in the broiler industry.   Plaintiffs are seeking recovery for several types of personal injuries, including several forms of cancer.  On August 2, 2006, the Court granted summary judgment in favor of Tyson and the other poultry company defendants in the first case to go to trial and denied summary judgment as to Alpharma.  The case was tried against Alpharma and the jury returned a verdict in favor of Alpharma.  Plaintiffs appealed the summary judgment in favor of the poultry company defendants and the Court stayed the remaining seven lawsuits pending the appeal.  On May 8, 2008, the Arkansas Supreme Court reversed the summary judgment in favor of the poultry company defendants.  The first case will proceed to trial against the poultry company defendants in April 2009.

 

Other Matters: We currently have approximately 107,000 employees and, at any time, have various employment practices matters outstanding. In the aggregate, these matters are significant to the Company, and we devote significant resources to managing employment issues. Additionally, we are subject to other lawsuits, investigations and claims (some of which involve substantial amounts) arising out of the conduct of our business. While the ultimate results of these matters cannot be determined, they are not expected to have a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations or financial position.

 

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TYSON FOODS, INC.

ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

Not applicable.

 

EXECUTIVE OFFICERS OF THE COMPANY

Our Officers serve one year terms from the date of their election, or until their successors are appointed and qualified. No family relationships exist among these officers. The name, title, age and year of initial election to executive office of our executive officers are listed below:

 

Name

Title

Age

Year Elected

Richard L. Bond

President and Chief Executive Officer

61

2001

Richard A. Greubel, Jr.

Group Vice President and International President

46

2007

Craig J. Hart

Senior Vice President, Controller and Chief Accounting Officer

52

2004

Donnie D. King

Group Vice President, Refrigerated & Deli

46

2007

Dennis Leatherby

Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer

48

1994

Bernard Leonard

Group Vice President, Food Service

56

2007

James V. Lochner

Senior Group Vice President, Fresh Meats and Margin Optimization

56

2005

Donnie Smith

Group Vice President, Consumer Products

49

2008

David L. Van Bebber

Executive Vice President and General Counsel

52

2008

 

Richard L. Bond was appointed President and Chief Executive Officer in May 2006, after serving as President and Chief Operating Officer since 2003 and Co-Chief Operating Officer and Group President, Fresh Meats and Retail since 2001. Mr. Bond was initially employed by IBP, inc. (IBP) in 1980. IBP merged into a wholly-owned subsidiary of the Company on September 28, 2001. Mr. Bond is also a member of our Board of Directors.

 

Richard A. Greubel, Jr. was appointed Group Vice President and International President in May 2007, after serving as Group Vice President, International since August 2006, and President and Managing Director for Monsanto’s Brazil business since 2001. 

 

Craig J. Hart was appointed Senior Vice President, Controller and Chief Accounting Officer in September 2004 after serving as Vice President of Special Projects since 2001. Mr. Hart was initially employed by IBP in 1978.

 

Donnie D. King was appointed Group Vice President, Refrigerated and Deli in September 2008, after serving as Group Vice President, Poultry and Prepared Foods Operations since March 2007, Senior Vice President, Consumer Products Operations since March 2006 and Senior Vice President, Food Service Poultry Operations since September 2003. Mr. King was initially employed by the Company in 1982.

 

Dennis Leatherby was appointed Executive Vice President and Chief Financial Officer in June 2008 after serving as Senior Vice President, Finance and Treasurer since 1998. He also served as Interim Chief Financial Officer from July 2004 to June 2006. Mr. Leatherby was initially employed by the Company in 1990.

 

Bernard Leonard was appointed Group Vice President, Food Service in November 2006, after serving as Senior Vice President, National Accounts since 2000. Mr. Leonard was initially employed by Hudson Foods in 1993. Hudson Foods was acquired by the Company in 1998.

 

James V. Lochner was appointed Senior Group Vice President, Fresh Meats and Margin Optimization in May 2006, after serving as Senior Group Vice President, Margin Optimization, Purchasing and Logistics since October 2005, Group Vice President, Purchasing, Travel, and Aviation since November 2004 and Group Vice President, Fresh Meats since 2001. Mr. Lochner was initially employed by IBP in 1983.

 

Donnie Smith was appointed Group Vice President of Consumer Products in January 2008, after serving as Group Vice President of Logistics and Operations Services since April 2007, Senior Vice President Information Systems, Purchasing and Distribution since May 2006, Senior Vice President and Chief Information Officer since November 2005, and Senior Vice President, Supply Chain Management since October 2001. Mr. Smith was initially employed by the Company in 1980.

 

David L. Van Bebber was appointed Executive Vice President and General Counsel in May 2008, after serving as Senior Vice President and Deputy General Counsel since September 2004 and Senior Vice President, Legal Services since November 2000. Mr. Van Bebber was initially employed by Lane Processing in 1982. Lane Processing was acquired by the Company in 1986.

 

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TYSON FOODS, INC.

PART II

 

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT'S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

We have issued and outstanding two classes of capital stock, Class A stock and Class B stock. Holders of Class B stock may convert such stock into Class A stock on a share-for-share basis. Holders of Class B stock are entitled to 10 votes per share while holders of Class A stock are entitled to one vote per share on matters submitted to shareholders for approval. As of October 25, 2008, there were approximately 34,000 holders of record of our Class A stock and 10 holders of record of our Class B stock, excluding holders in the security position listings held by nominees.

 

DIVIDENDS

Cash dividends cannot be paid to holders of Class B stock unless they are simultaneously paid to holders of Class A stock. The per share amount of the cash dividend paid to holders of Class B stock cannot exceed 90% of the cash dividend simultaneously paid to holders of Class A stock. We have paid uninterrupted quarterly dividends on common stock each year since 1977 and expect to continue our cash dividend policy during fiscal 2009. In both fiscal 2008 and 2007, the annual dividend rate for Class A stock was $0.16 per share and the annual dividend rate for Class B stock was $0.144 per share.

 

MARKET INFORMATION

The Class A stock is traded on the New York Stock Exchange under the symbol “TSN.” No public trading market currently exists for the Class B stock. The high and low closing sales prices of our Class A stock for each quarter of fiscal 2008 and 2007 are represented in the table below.

 

 

Fiscal 2008

Fiscal 2007

 

High

Low

High

Low

First Quarter

$

18.53

$

14.11

$

17.00

$

14.20

Second Quarter

 

16.95

 

13.26

 

19.41

 

15.73

Third Quarter

 

19.44

 

13.68

 

24.08

 

19.62

Fourth Quarter

 

17.07

 

12.14

 

23.91

 

17.85

 

ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

The table below provides information regarding our purchases of Class A stock during the periods indicated.

 

 

 

Total

 

Total Number of Shares

Maximum Number of

 

 

Number

Average

Purchased as Part of

Shares that May Yet

 

 

of Shares

Price Paid

Publicly Announced

Be Purchased Under the

Period

Purchased

per Share

Plans or Programs

Plans or Programs (1)

June 29 to July 26, 2008

105,915

$15.13

-

22,474,439

July 27 to Aug. 30, 2008

165,453

16.15

-

22,474,439

Aug. 31 to Sept. 27, 2008

52,162

14.05

-

22,474,439

Total

(2) 323,530

$15.48

-

22,474,439

 

(1)

On February 7, 2003, we announced our board of directors approved a plan to repurchase up to 25 million shares of Class A stock from time to time in open market or privately negotiated transactions. The plan has no fixed or scheduled termination date.

(2)

We purchased 323,530 shares during the period that were not made pursuant to our previously announced stock repurchase plan, but were purchased to fund certain company obligations under our equity compensation plans. These transactions included 247,102 shares purchased in open market transactions and 76,428 shares withheld to cover required tax withholdings on the vesting of restricted stock.

 

16


 

TYSON FOODS, INC.

ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

 

FIVE-YEAR FINANCIAL SUMMARY

in millions, except per share and ratio data

 

 

2008

2007

2006 

2005

2004

Summary of Operations

 

 

 

 

 

 

Sales

 

$26,862

$25,729

$24,589 

$24,801

$25,192

Operating income (loss)

 

331

613

(50)

655

733

Net interest expense

 

206

224

238 

227

275

Income (loss) from continuing operations

 

86

268

(174)

314

285

Income (loss) from discontinued operation

 

-

-

(17)

58

118

Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle

 

-

-

(5)

-

-

Net income (loss)

 

86

268

(196)

372

403

Diluted earnings (loss) per share:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income (loss) from continuing operations

 

0.24

0.75

(0.51)

0.88

0.80

 

Income (loss) from discontinued operation

 

-

-

(0.05)

0.16

0.33

 

Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle

 

-

-

(0.02)

-

-

 

Net income (loss)

 

0.24

0.75

(0.58)

1.04

1.13

Dividends per share:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Class A

 

0.160

0.160 

0.160

0.160

0.160

 

Class B

 

0.144

0.144 

0.144

0.144

0.144

Balance Sheet Data

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total assets

 

$10,850

$10,227

$11,121 

$10,504

$10,464

Total debt

 

2,896

2,779

3,979 

2,995

3,362

Shareholders' equity

 

5,014

4,731

4,440 

4,671

4,292

Other Key Financial Measures

 

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

$493

$514

$517 

$501

$490

Capital expenditures

 

425

285

531 

571

486

Return on invested capital

 

4.3%

7.7%

(0.6)% 

8.6%

9.6%

Effective tax rate

 

44.6%

34.6%

35.0% 

28.7%

37.7%

Total debt to capitalization

 

36.6%

37.0%

47.3% 

39.1%

43.9%

Book value per share

 

$13.28

$13.31

$12.51 

$13.19

$12.19

Closing stock price high

 

19.44

24.08

18.70 

19.47

21.06

Closing stock price low

 

12.14

14.20

12.92 

14.12

12.59

 

Notes to Five-Year Financial Summary

a.

Fiscal 2008 includes $76 million of pretax charges related to: restructuring a beef operation; closing a poultry plant; asset impairments for packaging equipment, intangible assets, unimproved real property and software; flood damage; and severance charges. Additionally, fiscal 2008 includes an $18 million non-operating gain related to the sale of an investment.

b.

Fiscal 2007 includes tax expense of $17 million related to a fixed asset tax cost correction, primarily related to a fixed asset system conversion in 1999.

c.

Fiscal 2006 includes $63 million of pretax charges primarily related to closing one poultry plant, two beef plants and two prepared foods plants.

d.

Fiscal 2005 includes $33 million of pretax charges related to a legal settlement involving our live swine operations, a non-recurring income tax net benefit of $15 million including benefit from the reversal of certain income tax reserves, partially offset by an income tax charge related to the one-time repatriation of foreign income under the American Jobs Creation Act and $14 million of pretax charges primarily related to closing two poultry plants and one prepared foods plant. Additionally, the effective tax rate was affected by the federal income tax effect of the Medicare Part D subsidy in fiscal 2005 of $55 million because this amount was not subject to federal income tax.

e.

Fiscal 2004 includes $61 million of pretax BSE-related charges, $40 million of pretax charges primarily related to closing one poultry and three prepared foods operations, $25 million of pretax charges related to the impairment of intangible assets and $21 million of pretax charges related to fixed asset write-downs.

f.

Fiscal 2004 was a 53-week year, while the other years presented were 52-week years.

g.

Return on invested capital is calculated by dividing operating income (loss) by the sum of the average of beginning and ending total debt and shareholders’ equity.

h.

The 2006 total debt to capitalization ratio is not adjusted for the $750 million short-term investment we had on deposit at September 30, 2006. When adjusted for the $750 million short-term investment, the debt to capitalization ratio was 42.1%.

i.

In June 2008, we executed a letter of intent to sell the beef processing, cattle feed yard and fertilizer assets of Lakeside Farm Industries Ltd. We are reporting Lakeside as a discontinued operation for all periods presented.

 

 

17


 

TYSON FOODS, INC.

ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

 

DESCRIPTION OF THE COMPANY

We are the world’s largest meat company and the second-largest food production company in the Fortune 500 with one of the most recognized brand names in the food industry. We produce, distribute and market chicken, beef, pork, prepared foods and related allied products. Our operations are conducted in four segments: Chicken, Beef, Pork and Prepared Foods. Some of the key factors that influence our business are customer demand for our products, ability to maintain and grow relationships with customers and introduce new and innovative products to the marketplace, accessibility of international markets, market prices for our chicken, beef and pork products, cost of live cattle and hogs, raw materials and grain and operating efficiencies of our facilities.

 

OVERVIEW

 

 

Chicken Segment – Fiscal 2008 operating results declined as compared to fiscal 2007 due largely to increased input costs of approximately $900 million, including increased grain costs, other feed ingredient costs and cooking ingredients. These increases were partially offset by increased average sales prices, as well as increased net gains of $127 million from our commodity risk management activities related to grain purchases, which exclude the impact from related physical purchase transactions that will impact future period operating results.

 

Beef Segment – Fiscal 2008 operating results improved compared to fiscal 2007 as operating margins significantly improved in the latter half of the year, with an operating margin of 2.8% in the last six months of fiscal 2008. While sales volume was down with the closure of our Emporia, Kansas, slaughter operation, operating margins improved due to improved average sales prices and operational efficiencies.

 

Pork Segment – We achieved record operating income of $280 million, an increase of $135 million as compared to fiscal 2007, due to adequate hog supplies and strong domestic and export demand.

 

Prepared Foods Segment– Declines in operating income for fiscal 2008 compared to fiscal 2007 for our Prepared Foods segment were primarily due to increased raw material costs, partially offset by increased average sales prices.

 

Acquisitions – In fiscal 2008, we announced the following transactions:

 

 

In December 2007, Cobb-Vantress, Inc. (Cobb), our wholly-owned poultry breeding subsidiary, formed an alliance with Hendrix Genetics B.V. (Hendrix). This alliance will strengthen Cobb’s position in the broiler breeding industry, Hendrix’ position in egg layer, turkey and swine genetics, and enable Cobb and Hendrix to explore other joint venture opportunities. In July 2008, Cobb acquired the Hybro poultry breeding and genetics business from Hendrix. The acquisition included genetic lines and facilities. At the same time, Cobb and Hendrix signed a Joint Development Agreement involving their respective Research & Development in livestock genetics.

 

 

In February 2008, we signed an agreement with the Jiangsu Jinghai Poultry Industry Group Co., Ltd., a Chinese poultry breeding company, to build a fully integrated poultry operation in Haimen City near Shanghai. The joint venture, Jiangsu Tyson Foods, will produce fresh, packaged chicken products that will be sold under the Tyson name. Jiangsu Tyson will become the first producer to deliver brand name, high quality fresh chicken to consumers in the eastern China market. We own 70 percent of the business and production is expected to begin in 2009.

 

 

In June 2008, we announced the acquisition of 51% ownership of Godrej Foods, Ltd., a poultry processing business in India. The joint venture is called Godrej Tyson Foods. We anticipate annual sales of approximately $50 million initially, and expect operations will expand later. Godrej Foods currently sells retail fresh and further processed chicken.

 

 

In September 2008, we announced a joint venture agreement was finalized with Shandong Xinchang Group, a vertically integrated poultry operation in eastern China. Once the agreement receives the necessary government approvals, which is expected in fiscal 2009, Tyson will have a 60% ownership. The joint venture will be called Shandong Tyson Xinchang Foods Company.

 

 

In September 2008, we signed purchase agreements with three poultry companies in southern Brazil, each vertically integrated. These companies include Macedo Agroindustrial, Avicola Itaiopolis and Frangobras. We closed on each of these transactions subsequent to fiscal 2008.

 

In June 2008, we executed a letter of intent to sell Lakeside Farm Industries (Lakeside), our Canadian beef operation, to XL Foods, Inc., a Canadian-owned beef processing business. Under the terms of the letter of intent, Tyson will sell Lakeside for $104 million and retain the finished product inventory, accounts receivable and accounts payable of Lakeside as of the closing date. XL Foods will pay an additional amount for cattle inventory, fertilizer inventory and packaging assets, estimated to approximate $82 million. The transaction remains subject to government approvals and execution of a definitive agreement by the parties. The results of Lakeside are reported as a discontinued operation.

 

See Liquidity and Capital Resources for a summary of the impact of recent deterioration of credit and capital markets on our business.

 

 

18


 

TYSON FOODS, INC.

 

 

 

in millions, except per share data

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

Net income (loss)

 

$

86

 

$

268

 

$

(196

)

Net income (loss) per diluted share

 

 

0.24

 

 

0.75

 

 

(0.58

)

 

 

2008 – Net income includes the following items:

 

$33 million of charges related to asset impairments, including packaging equipment, intangible assets, unimproved real property and software;

 

$17 million charge related to restructuring our Emporia, Kansas, beef operation;

 

$13 million charge related to closing our Wilkesboro, North Carolina, Cooked Products poultry plant;

 

$13 million of charges related to flood damage at our Jefferson, Wisconsin, plant and severance charges related to the FAST initiative; and

 

$18 million non-operating gain related to sale of an investment.

 

2007 – Net income includes the following item:

 

$17 million of tax expense related to a fixed asset tax cost correction, primarily related to a fixed asset system conversion in 1999.

 

2006 – Net loss includes the following items:

 

$63 million of costs related to beef, prepared foods and poultry plant closings;

 

$19 million of charges related to our Cost Management Initiative and other business consolidation efforts which included severance expense, product rationalization costs and related intangible asset impairment expenses;

 

$15 million tax expense resulting from a review of our tax account balances; and

 

$5 million charge related to the cumulative effect of a change in accounting principle due to adoption of Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. 47, “Accounting for Conditional Asset Retirement Obligations,” an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 143 (FIN 47).

 

 

OUTLOOK

The following elements comprise our long-term strategic plan:

 

 

Create innovative and insight-driven food solutions: Discover and sell market-leading products and services to grow Tyson’s brand equity and help our customers succeed through our commitment to joint value creation.

 

Optimize commodity business models: Emphasize cost focus in operations, manage margins and maximize revenue by capitalizing on scale, yield, pricing, product mix and services.

 

Build a multi-national enterprise: Accelerate expansion in cost competitive regions and markets with the greatest growth potential as well as increase and diversify United States exports.

 

Revolutionize conversion of raw materials and by-products into high-margin initiatives: Commercialize opportunities outside the core business, such as renewable energy from fat and developing other technologically-advanced platforms from materials such as feathers, viscera, blood and animal waste.

 

Our outlook for segments in fiscal 2009 includes:

 

 

Chicken – Export markets, credit availability and the recent strengthening dollar have negatively impacted leg quarter pricing. International leg quarter sales will be difficult at least through the beginning of fiscal 2009. We have seen grain prices drop significantly from all-time highs this past summer that if sustained, will benefit us in the long run. However, we have some grain positions that could negatively impact us depending on corn and soybean meal closing prices at the end of the first quarter fiscal 2009.

 

Beef – We expect cattle supplies will be down 1-2% in fiscal 2009, but there should be ample supply to run our plants efficiently. We will continue to focus on the operational efficiencies from fiscal 2008 and expect a successful fiscal 2009.

 

Pork – While we anticipate fewer hog supplies in fiscal 2009, we expect we will have an adequate supply to achieve good operating results. This segment should continue to do well in fiscal 2009, but likely not at the record amounts we had in fiscal 2008.

 

Prepared Foods – High input costs will likely continue in fiscal 2009. Demand for our products remains strong, which should provide for sales volume growth in fiscal 2009.

 

 

19


 

TYSON FOODS, INC.

SUMMARY OF RESULTS – CONTINUING OPERATIONS

 

Sales

 

in millions

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

Sales

 

$

26,862

 

$

25,729

 

$

24,589

 

Change in average sales price

 

 

5.1

%

 

5.8

%

 

 

 

Change in sales volume

 

 

(0.7

)%

 

(1.1

)%

 

 

 

Sales growth

 

 

4.4

%

 

4.6

%

 

 

 

 

 

2008 vs. 2007 –

 

The improvement in sales was largely due to improved average sales prices, which accounted for an increase of approximately $1.5 billion. While all segments had improved average sales prices, the majority of the increase was driven by increases in the Chicken and Beef segments.

 

Sales were negatively impacted by a decrease in sales volume, which accounted for a decrease of approximately $318 million. This was primarily due to a decrease in Beef volume and the sale of two poultry production facilities in fiscal 2007, partially offset by an increase in Pork volume.

 

2007 vs. 2006 –

 

The improvement in sales was largely due to improved average sales prices, which accounted for an increase of approximately $1.4 billion in sales. The improvement was due to better market conditions in all segments, with the majority of the increase attributable to the Chicken and Beef segments.

 

Sales were negatively impacted by a slight decrease in sales volume, which accounted for a decrease of approximately $226 million. The decrease was driven by decreases in the Chicken and Prepared Foods segments, offset by improvements in the Beef and Pork segments. The decrease included planned production cuts and the closure of production facilities, offset by improvements in the beef and pork export markets and improved domestic pork demand.

 

 

Cost of Sales

 

in millions

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

Cost of sales

 

$

25,616

 

$

24,300

 

$

23,639

 

Gross margin

 

$

1,246

 

$

1,429

 

$

950

 

Cost of sales as a percentage of sales

 

 

95.4

%

 

94.4

%

 

96.1

%

 

 

2008 vs. 2007 –

 

Cost of sales increased $1.3 billion. Cost per pound contributed to a $1.6 billion increase, offset partially by a decrease in sales volume reducing cost of sales $323 million.

 

 

Increase of over $1.0 billion in costs in the Chicken segment, which included increased input costs of approximately $900 million, including grain costs, other feed ingredient costs and cooking ingredients. Plant costs, including labor and logistics, increased by approximately $200 million. These increases were partially offset by increased net gains of $127 million from our commodity risk management activities related to grain purchases, which exclude the impact from related physical purchase transactions that will impact future period operating results.

 

 

Increase in average domestic live cattle costs of approximately $271 million.

 

 

Increase in operating costs in the Beef and Pork segments of approximately $180 million.

 

 

Decrease due to sales volume included lower Beef and Chicken sales volume, partially offset by higher Pork sales volume.

 

 

Decrease due to net gains of $173 million from our commodity risk management activities related to forward futures contracts for live cattle and hog purchases as compared to the same period of fiscal 2007. These amounts exclude the impact from related physical purchase transactions, which will impact future period operating results.

 

 

Decrease in average live hog costs of approximately $117 million.

 

2007 vs. 2006 –

 

Decrease in cost of sales as a percentage of sales primarily was due to the increase in average sales prices, while average live prices and production costs did not increase at the same rate.

 

Cost of sales increased by $661 million, with an increase in cost per pound contributing to an $853 million increase, offset by a decrease in sales volume reducing cost of sales by $192 million.

 

 

Increase in net grain costs of $256 million, which included $334 million of increased grain costs, partially offset by increased net gains of $78 million from our commodity risk management activities related to grain purchases.

 

 

Increase in average domestic live cattle and hog costs, as well as an increase in domestic pork sales volume, increased cost of sales by approximately $682 million.

 

 

Decrease in Chicken segment sales volume decreased cost of sales by approximately $346 million, primarily due to planned production cuts, the sale of two poultry plants and the closure of a poultry plant in fiscal 2006 due to a fire.

 

 

20


 

TYSON FOODS, INC.

 

Selling, General and Administrative

 

in millions

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

Selling, general and administrative

 

$

879

 

$

814

 

$

930

 

As a percentage of sales

 

 

3.3

%

 

3.2

%

 

3.8

%

 

 

2008 vs. 2007 –

 

Increase of $29 million related to unfavorable investment returns on company-owned life insurance, which is used to fund non-qualified retirement plans.

 

Increase of $16 million related to advertising and sales promotions.

 

Increase of $14 million due to a favorable actuarial adjustment related to retiree healthcare plan recorded in fiscal 2007.

 

Increase of $9 million due to a gain recorded in fiscal 2007 on the disposition of an aircraft.

 

2007 vs. 2006 –

 

Decrease of $39 million in advertising and sales promotion expenses.

 

Decrease of $27 million due to a favorable actuarial adjustment related to retiree healthcare plan recorded in fiscal 2007 compared to an unfavorable adjustment recorded in fiscal 2006.

 

Decrease of $15 million in other professional fees.

 

Decrease of $18 million due to a gain recorded in fiscal 2007 on the disposition of an aircraft, as well as favorable investment returns on company-owned life insurance.

 

We had various other savings recognized as part of our Cost Management Initiative. These savings are in addition to some of the decreases above and include management salaries, travel, relocation and recruiting, personnel awards, as well as other various savings.

 

Increase of $18 million in earnings-based incentive compensation.

 

 

Other Charges

 

in millions

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

 

 

$

36

 

$

2

 

$

70

 

 

 

2008 –

 

Included $17 million charge related to restructuring our Emporia, Kansas, beef operation.

 

Included $13 million charge related to closing our Wilkesboro, North Carolina, Cooked Products poultry plant.

 

Included $6 million of severance charges related to the FAST initiative.

 

2006 –

 

Included $47 million of charges related to closing our Norfolk and West Point, Nebraska, operations.

 

Included $14 million of charges related to closing our Independence and Oelwein, Iowa, operations.

 

Included $9 million of severance accruals related to our Cost Management Initiative announced in July 2006.

 

Interest Income

 

in millions

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

 

 

$

9

 

$

8

 

$

30

 

 

 

2006 – Included $20 million of interest earned on the $750 million short-term investment held on deposit with a trustee used for the repayment of the 7.25% Notes maturing on October 1, 2006.

 

 

Interest Expense

 

in millions

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

Interest expense

 

$

215

 

$

232

 

$

268

 

Average borrowing rate

 

 

7.0

%

 

7.4

%

 

7.4

%

Change in average weekly debt

 

 

(1.7

)%

 

(15.9

)%

 

 

 

 

 

2007 vs. 2006 - The decrease in interest expense primarily was due to the $1.0 billion senior unsecured notes borrowing at the end of the second quarter of fiscal 2006. We used $750 million of the proceeds from the borrowing for the repayment of the 7.25% Notes maturing on October 1, 2006.

 

 

21


 

TYSON FOODS, INC.

 

Other Income, net

 

in millions

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

 

 

$

29

 

$

21

 

$

20

 

 

 

2008 –

 

Included $18 million non-operating gain related to the sale of an investment.

 

2007 –

 

Included $14 million in foreign currency exchange gain.

 

2006 –

 

Included $7 million gain recorded on the write-off of a capital lease obligation related to a legal settlement.

 

Included $5 million in foreign currency exchange gain.

 

 

Effective Tax Rate

 

 

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

 

 

 

44.6

%

 

34.6

%

 

35.0

%

 

 

2008 –

 

Increased the effective tax rate 5.0% due to increase in state valuation allowances.

 

Increased the effective tax rate 4.4% due to increase in FIN 48 unrecognized tax benefits.

 

Increased the effective tax rate 3.8% due to net negative returns on company-owned life insurance policies, which is not deductible for federal income tax purposes.

 

Reduced the effective tax rate 3.8% due to general business credits.

 

2007 –

 

Increased the effective tax rate 4.2% due to a fixed asset tax cost correction, primarily related to a fixed asset system conversion in 1999.

 

Increased the effective tax rate 3.2% due to the federal income tax effect of the reductions in estimated Medicare Part D subsidy in fiscal 2007, which is not deductible for federal income tax purposes.

 

Reduced the effective tax rate 4.6% due to the reduction of income tax reserves based on favorable settlement of disputed matters.

 

2006 –

 

Reduced the effective tax rate 5.1% due to expense recorded in fiscal 2006 as a result of the tax account balance review.

 

Reduced the effective tax rate 1.8% due to the federal income tax effect of the reductions in estimated Medicare Part D subsidy in fiscal 2006, which is not deductible for federal income tax purposes.

 

 

22


 

TYSON FOODS, INC.

SEGMENT RESULTS

We operate in four segments: Chicken, Beef, Pork and Prepared Foods. The following table is a summary of sales and operating income (loss), which is how we measure segment income (loss).

 

In the fourth quarter fiscal 2008, we began to manage and report the operating results and identifiable assets of our logistics operations in the segment in which the product being moved relates. As a result, our operating segments now reflect logistics operations which were previously included in Other. All prior periods have been restated to reflect this change.

 

Segment results exclude the results of our discontinued operation, Lakeside.

 

 

 

 

 

in millions

 

 

 

Sales

 

Operating Income (Loss)

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

Chicken

 

 

$

8,900

 

$

8,210

 

 

$

7,958

 

 

$

(118

)

$

325

 

 

$

94

 

Beef

 

 

11,664

 

11,540

 

 

10,866

 

 

106

 

51

 

 

(254

)

Pork

 

 

3,587

 

3,314

 

 

3,067

 

 

280

 

145

 

 

55

 

Prepared Foods

 

 

2,711

 

2,665

 

 

2,698

 

 

63

 

92

 

 

55

 

Total

 

 

$

26,862

 

$

25,729

 

 

$

24,589

 

 

$

331

 

$

613

 

 

$

(50

)

 

 

Chicken Segment Results

 

in millions

 

 

 


2008

 

 


2007

 

 

Change 2008 vs. 2007

 

 

2006

 

 

Change 2007 vs. 2006

 

Sales

 

$

8,900

 

 

$

8,210

 

 

$

690

 

 

$

7,958

 

$

252

 

Sales Volume Change

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(0.4

)%

 

 

 

 

 

(4.7

)%

Average Sales Price Change

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

8.9

%

 

 

 

 

 

8.3

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating Income (Loss)

 

$

(118

)

 

$

325

 

 

$

(443

)

 

$

94

 

$

231

 

Operating Margin

 

 

(1.3

)%

 

 

4.0

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

1.2

%

 

 

 

 

 

2008 – Operating loss included $26 million of charges related to: plant closings; impairments of unimproved real property and software; and severance.

 

2007 – Operating income included a $10 million gain on the sale of two poultry plants and related support facilities.

 

2006 – Operating income included $9 million of charges related to our Cost Management Initiative, other business consolidation efforts and plant closing costs.

 

 

2008 vs. 2007 –

 

Sales and Operating Income (Loss) – Sales increased as a result of an increase in average sales prices, partially offset by a decrease in sales volume due to the sale of two poultry plants in fiscal 2007. Operating results were adversely impacted by increased input costs of approximately $900 million, including grain costs, other feed ingredient costs and cooking ingredients. Plant costs, including labor and logistics, increased by approximately $200 million. This was partially offset by increased net gains of $127 million from our commodity trading risk management activities related to grain purchases, which exclude the impact from related physical purchase transactions that will impact future period operating results. Operating results were also negatively impacted by increased selling, general and administrative expenses of $43 million.

 

2007 vs. 2006 –

 

Sales and Operating Income – Sales and operating income increased due to an increase in average sales prices, partially offset by a decrease in sales volume. The decrease in sales volume was due to planned production cuts, the sale of two poultry plants and the closure of a poultry plant in fiscal 2006 due to a fire. The increase in average sales prices contributed to improved operating income, partially offset by an increase in net grain costs of $256 million. The increase of net grain costs includes $334 million of increased grain costs, partially offset by increased net gains of $78 million from our commodity risk management activities related to grain purchases. Additionally, operating income improved due to a decrease in selling, general and administrative expenses.

 

 

23


 

TYSON FOODS, INC.

 

Beef Segment Results

 

in millions

 

 

 


2008

 

 


2007

 

 

Change 2008 vs. 2007

 

 

2006

 

 

Change 2007 vs. 2006

 

Sales

 

$

11,664

 

 

$

11,540

 

 

$

124

 

 

$

10,866

 

$

674

 

Sales Volume Change

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

(4.6

)%

 

 

 

 

 

0.9

%

Average Sales Price Change

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

5.9

%

 

 

 

 

 

5.3

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating Income (Loss)

 

$

106

 

 

$

51

 

 

$

55

 

 

$

(254

)

$

305

 

Operating Margin

 

 

0.9

%

 

 

0.4

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

(2.3

)%

 

 

 

 

 

2008 – Operating income included $35 million of charges related to: plant restructuring; impairments of packaging equipment and intangible assets; and severance.

 

2006 – Operating loss included $52 million of charges related to plant closings, our Cost Management Initiative and other business consolidation efforts.

 

 

2008 vs. 2007 –

 

Sales and Operating Income – Sales and operating income were impacted positively by higher average sales prices and improved operational efficiencies, partially offset by decreased sales volume due primarily to closure of the Emporia, Kansas, slaughter operation. Operating results were also negatively impacted by higher operating costs. Fiscal 2008 operating results include realized and unrealized net gains of $53 million from our commodity risk management activities related to forward futures contracts for live cattle, excluding the related impact from the physical sale and purchase transactions, compared to realized and unrealized net losses of $2 million recorded in fiscal 2007. Operating results were positively impacted by an increase in average sales prices exceeding the increase in average live prices.

 

2007 vs. 2006 –

 

Sales and Operating Income (Loss) – Sales and operating income increased due to higher average sales prices, as well as higher sales volume. Operating results improved due to operating cost efficiencies and yield improvements, partially offset by an increase in average live prices. Also, operating results improved significantly from a decrease in selling, general and administrative expenses. Fiscal 2007 operating results included realized and unrealized net losses of $2 million from our commodity risk management activities related to forward futures contracts for live cattle, excluding the related impact from the physical sale and purchase transactions, compared to realized and unrealized net losses of $40 million recorded in fiscal 2006.

 

 

24


 

TYSON FOODS, INC.

 

Pork Segment Results

 

in millions

 

 

 


2008

 

 


2007

 

 

Change 2008 vs. 2007

 

 

2006

 

 

Change 2007 vs. 2006

 

Sales

 

$

3,587

 

 

$

3,314

 

 

$

273

 

 

$

3,067

 

$

247

 

Sales Volume Change

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

6.1

%

 

 

 

 

 

5.1

%

Average Sales Price Change

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2.1

%

 

 

 

 

 

2.8

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating Income

 

$

280

 

 

$

145

 

 

$

135

 

 

$

55

 

$

90

 

Operating Margin

 

 

7.8

%

 

 

4.4

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

1.8

%

 

 

 

 

 

2008 – Operating income included $5 million of charges related to impairment of packaging equipment and severance.

 

 

2008 vs. 2007 –

 

Sales and Operating Income – Operating results were impacted positively by lower average live prices and strong export sales, which led to increased sales volume and a record year for operating margins. Fiscal 2008 operating results include realized and unrealized net gains of $95 million from our commodity risk management activities related to forward futures contracts for live hogs, excluding the related impact from the physical sale and purchase transactions, compared to realized and unrealized net gains of $3 million recorded in fiscal 2006. This was partially offset by higher operating costs, as well as lower average sales prices.

 

2007 vs. 2006 –

 

Sales and Operating Income – Sales and operating income increased due to higher sales volume and increased average sales prices, due to increased domestic demand and strong export markets. Additionally, operating income was impacted positively by improved operating cost efficiencies and yield improvements, partially offset by higher average live prices. Fiscal 2007 operating results included realized and unrealized net gains of $3 million from our commodity risk management activities related to forward futures contracts for live hogs, excluding the related impact from the physical sale and purchase transactions, compared to realized and unrealized net losses of $15 million recorded in fiscal 2006.

 

 

Prepared Foods Segment Results

in millions

 

 

 


2008

 

 


2007

 

 

Change 2008 vs. 2007

 

 

2006

 

 

Change 2007 vs. 2006

 

Sales

 

$

2,711

 

 

$

2,665

 

 

$

46

 

 

$

2,698

 

$

(33

)

Sales Volume Change

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

1.5

%

 

 

 

 

 

(3.9

)%

Average Sales Price Change

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

0.2

%

 

 

 

 

 

2.8

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Operating Income

 

$

63

 

 

$

92

 

 

$

(29

)

 

$

55

 

$

37

 

Operating Margin

 

 

2.3

%

 

 

3.5

%

 

 

 

 

 

 

2.0

%

 

 

 

 

 

2008 – Operating income included $10 million of charges related to flood damage, an intangible asset impairment and severance.

 

2007 – Operating income included $7 million of charges related to intangible asset impairments.

 

2006 – Operating income included $19 million of charges related to plant closings, other business consolidation efforts and our Cost Management Initiative.

 

 

2008 vs. 2007 –

 

Sales and Operating Income – Operating results were negatively impacted by higher raw material costs, which include wheat, dairy and cooking ingredient costs, partially offset by lower pork costs. Results were positively impacted by an increase in average sales prices.

 

2007 vs. 2006 –

 

Sales and Operating Income – Sales declined primarily due to decreased sales volume, including reduced sales volume on lower margin products, partially offset by increased average sales prices. Operating income improved primarily due to an improvement in average sales prices, partially offset by an increase in plant costs and raw material costs.

 

 

25


 

TYSON FOODS, INC.

LIQUIDITY AND CAPITAL RESOURCES

Our cash needs for working capital, capital expenditures and international growth are expected to be met with cash flows provided by operating activities, anticipated proceeds from the Lakeside sale, or short-term borrowings.

 

Cash Flows from Operating Activities

 

in millions

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

Net income (loss)

 

$

86

 

$

268

 

$

(196

)

Non-cash items in net income (loss):

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Depreciation and amortization

 

 

493

 

 

514

 

 

517

 

Deferred taxes

 

 

35

 

 

5

 

 

(130

)

Impairment and write-down of assets

 

 

57

 

 

14

 

 

18

 

Cumulative effect of change in accounting principle, before tax

 

 

-

 

 

-

 

 

9

 

Other, net

 

 

26

 

 

(15

)

 

30

 

Income before changes in working capital

 

 

697

 

 

786

 

 

248

 

Changes in working capital

 

 

(409

)

 

(108

)

 

124

 

Net cash provided by operating activities

 

$

288

 

$

678

 

$

372

 

 

Income before changes in working capital represents net income (loss) adjusted for non-cash income and expenses. Additionally, this amount represents net cash provided by operating activities prior to changes in assets and liabilities associated with operations.

 

Changes in working capital:

 

2008 – Operating cash flows declined primarily due to higher inventory and accounts receivable balances, partially offset by a higher accounts payable balance. Higher inventory balances were driven by an increase in raw material costs and inventory volume.

 

2007 – Operating cash flows declined primarily due to higher inventory and accounts receivable balances, partially offset by a higher accounts payable balance.

 

2006 – Operating cash flows increased primarily due to a lower accounts receivable balance, higher accounts payable and interest payable balances, partially offset by a lower income taxes payable/receivable balance.

 

 

Cash Flows from Investing Activities

 

in millions

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

Additions to property, plant and equipment

 

$

(425

)

$

(285

)

$

(531

)

Proceeds from sale of property, plant and equipment

 

 

26

 

 

76

 

 

21

 

Proceeds from sale (purchase) of marketable securities, net

 

 

(3

)

 

16

 

 

23

 

Proceeds from sale (purchase) of short-term investment

 

 

-

 

 

770

 

 

(750

)

Proceeds from sale of investments

 

 

22

 

 

-

 

 

-

 

Other, net

 

 

(19

)

 

2

 

 

13

 

Net cash provided by (used for) investing activities

 

$

(399

)

$

579

 

$

(1,224

)

 

 

Expenditures for property, plant and equipment include acquisition of new equipment to upgrade our facilities to maintain competitive standing and position us for future opportunities. In fiscal 2008, our capital spending included equipment updates in our chicken plants, as well as packaging equipment upgrades in our Fresh Meats case-ready facilities. In fiscal 2007, we focused on reducing our capital spending. In fiscal 2006, we had significant capital investing, including our new Discovery Center and the Sherman, Texas, case-ready facility.

 

 

Capital spending for fiscal 2009 is expected to be $600-$650 million, which includes the following:

 

 

 

approximately $425-$450 million on current core business capital spending;

 

 

 

approximately $100-$120 million on post-acquisition capital spending related to our Brazil and China acquisitions; and

 

 

 

approximately $75-$80 million related to Dynamic Fuels LLC’s (Dynamic) facility. The cost to construct the facility is estimated to be $138 million, which will be funded by $100 million of Gulf Opportunity Zone tax-exempt bonds issued in October 2008, along with equity contributions made by Tyson and Syntroleum Corporation, most of which has already been made. Construction began in October 2008 and will continue through late 2009, with production targeted for early 2010.

 

Proceeds from sale of assets in fiscal 2007 include $40 million received related to the sale of two poultry plants and related support facilities.

 

Short-term investment purchased in fiscal 2006 with proceeds from $1.0 billion of senior notes maturing on April 1, 2016 (2016 Notes). The short-term investment was held in an interest bearing account with a trustee. In fiscal 2007, we used proceeds from sale of the short-term investment to repay our outstanding $750 million 7.25% Notes due October 1, 2006.

 

 

26


 

TYSON FOODS, INC.

 

Cash Flows from Financing Activities

 

in millions

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

Net borrowings (payments) on revolving credit facilities

 

$

(213

)

$

53

 

$

158

 

Payments on debt

 

 

(147

)

 

(1,263

)

 

(166

)

Net proceeds from borrowings

 

 

449

 

 

-

 

 

992

 

Net proceeds from Class A stock offering

 

 

274

 

 

-

 

 

-

 

Convertible note hedge transactions

 

 

(94

)

 

-

 

 

-

 

Warrant transactions

 

 

44

 

 

-

 

 

-

 

Purchases of treasury shares

 

 

(30

)

 

(61

)

 

(42

)

Dividends

 

 

(56

)

 

(56

)

 

(55

)

Stock options exercised

 

 

9

 

 

74

 

 

32

 

Increase (decrease) in negative book cash balances

 

 

67

 

 

9

 

 

(85

)

Other, net

 

 

18

 

 

(8

)

 

10

 

Net cash provided by (used for) financing activities

 

$

321

 

$

(1,252

)

$

844

 

 

 

Net borrowings (payments) on revolving credit facilities primarily include activity related to the accounts receivable securitization facility and commercial paper.

 

Payments on debt include -

 

 

In fiscal 2008, we bought back $40 million of our 2016 Notes and repaid the remaining $25 million outstanding Lakeside term loan.

 

 

In fiscal 2007, we used proceeds from sale of the short-term investment to repay our outstanding $750 million 7.25% Notes due October 1, 2006. In addition, we used cash from operations to reduce the amount outstanding under the Lakeside term loan by $320 million, repay the outstanding $125 million 7.45% Notes due June 1, 2007, and reduce other borrowings.

 

 

In fiscal 2006, we repaid the $87 million 6.125% Senior Notes due February 1, 2006, and reduced other borrowings.

 

Net proceeds from borrowings include -

 

 

In fiscal 2008, we issued $458 million of 3.25% Convertible Senior Notes due October 15, 2013. Net proceeds were used for the net cost of the related Convertible Note Hedge and Warrant Transactions, toward the repayment of our borrowings under the accounts receivable securitization facility, and for other general corporate purposes.

 

 

In fiscal 2006, we issued $1.0 billion of 2016 Notes. We used proceeds to purchase a short-term investment, as well as for other general corporate purposes. The short-term investment was later sold and used in fiscal 2007 to repay our outstanding $750 million 7.25% Notes due October 1, 2006.

 

In fiscal 2008, we issued 22.4 million shares of Class A stock in a public offering. Net proceeds were used toward repayment of our borrowings under the accounts receivable securitization facility and for other general corporate purposes.

 

 

27


 

TYSON FOODS, INC.

 

Liquidity

 

in millions

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Outstanding

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Letters of

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Commitments

 

 

Facility

 

 

Credit (no

 

 

Amount

 

 

Amount

 

 

 

Expiration Date

 

 

Amount

 

 

draw downs)

 

 

Borrowed

 

 

Available

 

Cash

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

250

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Revolving credit facility

 

September 2010

 

 

$

1,000

 

 

$

291

 

 

$

-

 

$

709

 

Accounts receivable securitization facility

 

Aug. 2009, Aug. 2010

 

 

 

750

 

 

 

-

 

 

 

-

 

 

750

 

Total liquidity

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

$

1,709

 

 

 

The revolving credit facility supports our short-term funding needs and letters of credit. Letters of credit are issued primarily in support of workers’ compensation insurance programs and derivative activities.

 

The accounts receivable securitization facility is with three co-purchasers and allows us to sell up to $750 million of trade receivables, consisting of $375 million expiring in August 2009 and a $375 million 364-day facility with an additional one-year option, which commits funding through August 2010. At September 27, 2008, we had access to the full $750 million borrowing capacity. Our borrowing capacity could be reduced in the future if our eligible receivables balance falls below $750 million.

 

In conjunction with the $100 million of Gulf Opportunity Zone tax-exempt bond issuance in October 2008, we agreed to issue a guarantee for the full amount of the bond issuance, which was issued in the form of a letter of credit, in exchange for eight million Syntroleum stock warrants valued at $0.01 each. Both the issuance of the letter of credit and the receipt of Syntroleum warrants occurred subsequent to fiscal 2008. The letter of credit will reduce the unused borrowing capacity available under the revolving credit facility.

 

In October 2008, we completed the acquisition of three vertically integrated poultry companies in southern Brazil. The purchase price was $80 million, as well as up to an additional $15 million of contingent purchase price based on production volumes payable through fiscal 2010. Additionally, once the joint venture agreement with Shandong Xinchang Group receives the necessary government approvals, we expect to spend $110-$115 million to acquire a 60% ownership. We expect this to be finalized during fiscal 2009.

 

Subject to receipt of applicable government approvals, we anticipate being ready to complete the sale of Lakeside by the end of the first quarter fiscal 2009, with plans to use available proceeds to pay down debt and other general corporate purposes. Inclusive of working capital of Lakeside initially retained by us at closing, as well as consideration received from XL Foods, we expect the following future cash flows based on the September 27, 2008, currency exchange rate: $55 million received at closing; approximately $136 million in calendar 2009; $49 million in notes receivable, plus interest, to be paid over two years by XL Foods; and $29 million of XL Foods preferred stock redeemable over five years. The discontinuance of Lakeside’s operation will not have a material effect on our future operating cash flows.

 

Our current ratio at September 27, 2008, and September 29, 2007, was 2.07 to 1 and 1.74 to 1, respectively.

 

Deterioration of Credit and Capital Markets

Credit market conditions deteriorated rapidly during our fourth quarter of fiscal 2008 and continue into our first quarter of fiscal 2009. Several major banks and financial institutions failed or were forced to seek assistance through distressed sales or emergency government measures. While not all-inclusive, the following summarizes some of the impacts to our business:

 

Credit Facilities

Cash flows from operating activities are our primary source of liquidity for funding debt service and capital expenditures. However, we rely on our revolving credit and accounts receivable securitization facilities to provide additional liquidity for working capital needs, letters of credit, and as a source of financing for international growth. Our revolving credit facility has total committed capacity of $1.0 billion. As of September 27, 2008, we had outstanding letters of credit totaling $291 million, none of which were drawn upon, which left $709 million available for borrowing. Our revolving credit facility is funded by a syndicate of 35 banks, with commitments ranging from $5 million to $78 million per bank. If any of the banks in the syndicate were unable to perform on their commitments to fund the facility, our liquidity could be impaired, which could reduce our ability to fund working capital needs or finance our international growth strategy.

 

Our accounts receivable securitization facility has $750 million of committed funding, of which the entire amount was available for borrowing as of September 27, 2008. Our accounts receivable securitization facility is funded by a syndicate of three banks, with a commitment of $250 million per bank. To date, all of the banks in the syndicate have continued to meet their commitments despite the recent market turmoil. If any of the banks in the syndicate were unable to perform on their commitments to fund the facility, our liquidity could be impaired, which could reduce our ability to fund working capital needs or finance our international growth strategy. We have borrowed against this facility subsequent to fiscal 2008 and all of the banks in the syndicate performed their obligations to fund these borrowings.

 

28


 

TYSON FOODS, INC.

Current market conditions have also resulted in higher credit spreads on long-term borrowings and significantly reduced demand for new corporate debt issuances.

 

Equity – Class A Common Stock

Equity prices, including our own Class A Common Stock, have fallen and experienced abnormally high volatility during the current period. If these conditions persist, our cost of capital will increase significantly.

 

Customers/Suppliers

The financial condition of some of our customers and suppliers could also be impaired by current market conditions. Although we have not experienced a material increase in customer bad debts or non-performance by suppliers, current market conditions increase the probability that we could experience losses from customer or supplier defaults. Should current credit and capital market conditions result in a prolonged economic downturn in the United States and abroad, demand for protein products could be reduced, which could result in a reduction of sales, operating income and cash flows.

 

Investments

The value of our investments in equity and debt securities, including our marketable debt securities, company-owned life insurance and pension and other postretirement plan assets, has been negatively impacted by the recent market declines. These instruments were recorded at fair value as of September 27, 2008; however, subsequent to September 27, 2008, through November 1, 2008, we have seen an additional reduction in fair value of approximately $32 million. While we believe this reduction in fair value is temporary, if current market conditions continue, we could be required to recognize $10 million of expense in the first quarter of fiscal 2009. The remaining change in fair value would be deferred in other comprehensive income unless determined to be permanently impaired.

 

We currently oversee two domestic and one foreign subsidiary non-contributory qualified defined benefit pension plans. All three pension plans are frozen to new participants and no additional benefits will accrue for participants. Based on our 2008 actuarial valuation, we anticipate contributions of approximately $1 million to these plans for fiscal 2009. We also have one domestic unfunded defined benefit plan. Based on our 2008 actuarial valuation, we anticipate contributions of approximately $1 million to this plan in fiscal 2009.

 

Financial Instruments

As part of our commodity risk management activities, we use derivative financial instruments, primarily futures and options, to reduce our exposure to various market risks related to commodity purchases. Similar to the capital markets, the commodities markets have seen a similar decline over the past several months. Grain prices reached an all-time high during our fourth quarter of fiscal 2008 before falling sharply to the current levels. While the reduction in grain prices benefit us long-term, we may be required to record additional losses related to these financial instruments in the first quarter of fiscal 2009 if grain prices remain lower than prices at the end of fiscal 2008.

 

Insurance

We rely on insurers as a protection against liability claims, property damage and various other risks. Our primary insurers maintain an A.M. Best Financial Strength Rating of A+ or better. Nevertheless, we continue to monitor this situation as insurers have been and are expected to continue to be impacted by the current capital market environment.

 

29


 

TYSON FOODS, INC.

 

Capitalization

 

in millions

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

Senior notes

 

$

2,400

 

$

2,475

 

$

3,388

 

3.25% Convertible senior notes

 

 

458

 

 

-

 

 

-

 

Lakeside term loan

 

 

-

 

 

25

 

 

345

 

Other indebtedness

 

 

38

 

 

279

 

 

246

 

Total Debt

 

$

2,896

 

$

2,779

 

$

3,979

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Total Equity

 

$

5,014

 

$

4,731

 

$

4,440

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Debt to Capitalization Ratio

 

 

36.6

%

 

37.0

%

 

47.3

%

 

 

In fiscal 2008, we issued $458 million of 3.25% Convertible Senior Notes due October 15, 2013. Net proceeds were used for the net cost of the Convertible Note Hedge and Warrant Transactions, toward the repayment of our borrowings under the accounts receivable securitization facility, and for other general corporate purposes.

 

In fiscal 2008, we issued 22.4 million shares of Class A stock in a public offering. Net proceeds were used toward repayment of our borrowings under the accounts receivable securitization facility and for other general corporate purposes.

 

At September 30, 2006, we had $750 million in a short-term investment held on deposit with a trustee. Proceeds from sale of short-term investment were used to repay the $750 million 7.25% Notes due October 1, 2006. This repayment was made in fiscal 2007. When adjusted for the $750 million short-term investment held on deposit, total debt would have been $3.2 billion, with a debt to capitalization ratio of 42.1%.

 

Credit Ratings

2016 Notes

On July 24, 2006, Moody’s Investors Services, Inc. (Moody’s) downgraded the credit rating from “Baa3” to “Ba1.” This downgrade increased the interest rate on the 2016 Notes from 6.60% to 6.85%, effective on the first day of the interest period during which the rating change required an adjustment to the interest rate (i.e., the issuance of the 2016 Notes). Additionally, on July 31, 2006, Standard & Poor’s (S&P) downgraded the credit rating from “BBB” to “BBB-.” This downgrade did not change the interest rate on the 2016 Notes.

 

On September 4, 2008, S&P downgraded the credit rating from “BBB-“ to “BB.” This downgrade increased the interest rate on the 2016 Notes from 6.85% to 7.35%, effective beginning with the six month interest payment due October 1, 2008.

 

On November 13, 2008, Moody’s downgraded the credit rating from “Ba1” to “Ba3.” This downgrade increased the interest rate on the 2016 Notes from 7.35% to 7.85%, effective beginning with the six month interest payment due April 1, 2009.

 

S&P currently rates the 2016 Notes “BB.” Moody’s currently rates this debt “Ba3.” A further one-notch downgrade by either ratings agency would increase the interest rates on the 2016 Notes by an additional 0.25% per ratings agency.

 

Revolving Credit Facility Rating

After an upgrade on October 1, 2008, S&P’s credit rating for the revolving credit facility is “BBB-.” After a downgrade on November 13, 2008, Moody’s credit rating is “Ba2.” The pretax impact to earnings of another downgrade would not be material to annual interest expense. However, if Moody’s were to downgrade this facility to “Ba3” or below, or if S&P were to downgrade this facility to “BB-“ or below, then the banks participating in our accounts receivable securitization facility could refuse to purchase any additional receivables from us and the accounts receivable securitization facility could unwind with any amounts outstanding under the facility repaid as the receivables owned by Tyson Receivables Company, our wholly-owned consolidated special purpose entity, are collected.

 

Debt Covenants

Our debt agreements contain various covenants, the most restrictive of which contain maximum allowed leverage ratios and a minimum required interest coverage ratio. On September 10, 2008, we amended our revolving credit facility agreement to provide a less restrictive maximum allowed leverage ratio, which takes effect in first quarter of fiscal 2009. All trademarks of our domestic subsidiaries are pledged as collateral under the revolving credit facility. Additionally, certain domestic subsidiaries guaranteed this facility and pledged inventory as collateral. We were in compliance with all covenants at September 27, 2008.

 

Based on the current industry outlook and our internal forecasts, we anticipate we will be in compliance with our debt covenants throughout fiscal 2009. However, our Chicken segment in the first part of fiscal 2009 will be negatively impacted by difficult export markets and long grain positions that could negatively impact our covenant compliance.

 

30


 

TYSON FOODS, INC.

OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

We do not have any off-balance sheet arrangements material to our financial position or results of operations. The off-balance sheet arrangements we have are guarantees of debt of outside third parties, including a lease and grower loans, and residual value guarantees covering certain operating leases for various types of equipment. See Note 9, “Commitments” of the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for further discussion.

 

CONTRACTUAL OBLIGATIONS

The following table summarizes our contractual obligations as of September 27, 2008:

 

 

 

in millions

 

 

 

 

Payments Due by Period

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2014 and

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2009

 

 

 

2010 – 2011

 

 

 

2012 - 2013

 

 

 

thereafter

 

 

 

Total

 

Debt and capital lease obligations:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Principal payments (1)

 

 

$

8

 

 

 

$

1,245

 

 

 

$

5

 

 

 

$

1,638

 

 

 

$

2,896

 

 

Interest payments (2)

 

 

 

289

 

 

 

 

339

 

 

 

 

207

 

 

 

 

329

 

 

 

 

1,164

 

 

Guarantees (3)

 

 

 

25

 

 

 

 

29

 

 

 

 

33

 

 

 

 

34

 

 

 

 

121

 

Operating lease obligations (4)

 

 

 

80

 

 

 

 

102

 

 

 

 

48

 

 

 

 

23

 

 

 

 

253

 

Purchase obligations (5)

 

 

 

710

 

 

 

 

73

 

 

 

 

20

 

 

 

 

24

 

 

 

 

827

 

Capital expenditures (6)

 

 

 

308

 

 

 

 

58

 

 

 

 

-

 

 

 

 

-

 

 

 

 

366

 

Other long-term liabilities (7)

 

 

 

8

 

 

 

 

5

 

 

 

 

5

 

 

 

 

32

 

 

 

 

50

 

Total contractual commitments

 

 

$

1,428

 

 

 

$

1,851

 

 

 

$

318

 

 

 

$

2,080

 

 

 

$

5,677

 

 

(1)

In the event of a default on payment or violation of debt covenants, acceleration of the principal payments could occur. At September 27, 2008, we were in compliance with all of our debt covenants.

(2)

Interest payments included interest on all outstanding debt. Payments are estimated for variable rate and variable term debt based on effective rates at September 27, 2008, and expected payment dates.

(3)

Amounts included guarantees of debt of outside third parties, which consist of a lease and grower loans, all of which are substantially collateralized by the underlying assets, as well as residual value guarantees covering certain operating leases for various types of equipment. The amounts included are the maximum potential amount of future payments.

(4)

Amounts included in operating lease obligations are minimum lease payments under lease agreements.

(5)

Amounts included in purchase obligations are agreements to purchase goods or services that are enforceable and legally binding and specify all significant terms, including: fixed or minimum quantities to be purchased; fixed, minimum or variable price provisions; and the approximate timing of the transaction. The purchase obligations amount included items, such as future purchase commitments for grains, livestock contracts and fixed grower fees that provide terms that meet the above criteria. We have excluded future purchase commitments for contracts that do not meet these criteria. Purchase orders have not been included in the table, as a purchase order is an authorization to purchase and may not be considered an enforceable and legally binding contract. Contracts for goods or services that contain termination clauses without penalty have also been excluded.

(6)

Amounts included in capital expenditures are estimated amounts to complete buildings and equipment under construction as of September 27, 2008, as well as costs to construct Dynamic’s facility.

(7)

Amounts included in other long-term liabilities are items that meet the definition of a purchase obligation and are recorded in the Consolidated Balance Sheets.

 

In addition to the amounts shown above in the table, we have unrecognized tax benefits of $220 million and related interest and penalties of $67 million at September 27, 2008, recorded as liabilities in accordance with Interpretation No. 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes,” an interpretation of FASB Statement No. 109 (FIN 48). During fiscal 2009, tax audit resolutions could potentially reduce these amounts by approximately $38 million, either because tax positions are sustained on audit or because we agree to their disallowance. For the remaining liability, due to the uncertainties related to these income tax matters, we are unable to make a reasonably reliable estimate of the amounts or timing of potential reductions.

 

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TYSON FOODS, INC.

RECENTLY ADOPTED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

In June 2006, the FASB issued FIN 48. FIN 48 prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. FIN 48 also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods, disclosure and transition. We adopted FIN 48 at the beginning of fiscal 2008. The adoption of FIN 48 resulted in a change to the opening Consolidated Balance Sheet as follows: $32 million increase to Other Current Assets, $17 million decrease to Other Current Liabilities, $106 million increase to Other Liabilities, $40 million decrease to Deferred Income Taxes and $17 million decrease to Retained Earnings. Included in these changes we recognized a $120 million increase in the liability for unrecognized tax benefits and a $21 million increase in the related liability for interest and penalties for a total of $141 million.

 

In September 2006, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 158, “Employers’ Accounting for Defined Benefit Pension and Other Postretirement Plans, an amendment of FASB Statements No. 87, 88, 106, and 132(R)” (SFAS No. 158). SFAS No. 158 requires companies to recognize the funded status of a defined benefit postretirement plan as an asset or liability in its consolidated balance sheet and to recognize changes in funded status in the year in which the changes occur through other comprehensive income. We adopted SFAS No. 158 at the end of fiscal 2007 except for the requirement to measure the funded status of a plan as of the date of its annual consolidated balance sheet, which we adopted in fiscal 2008 and which had an immaterial impact. See Note 13, “Pensions and Other Postretirement Benefits” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for the impact of the adoption of SFAS No. 158.

 

In March 2005, the FASB issued FIN 47. Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 143, “Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations” (SFAS No. 143), was issued in June 2001 and requires an entity to recognize the fair value of a liability for an asset retirement obligation in the period in which it is incurred if a reasonable estimate of fair value can be made. SFAS No. 143 applies to legal obligations associated with the retirement of a tangible long-lived asset that resulted from the acquisition, construction, development and/or the normal operation of a long-lived asset. The associated asset costs are capitalized as part of the carrying amount of the long-lived asset. FIN 47 clarifies the term “conditional asset retirement obligation” as used in SFAS No. 143, which refers to a legal obligation to perform an asset retirement activity in which the timing and/or method of settlement are conditional on a future event that may or may not be within the control of the entity. FIN 47 requires an entity to recognize a liability for the fair value of a conditional asset retirement obligation if the fair value of the liability can be reasonably estimated. Uncertainty about the timing and/or method of settlement of a conditional asset retirement obligation should be factored into the measurement of the liability when sufficient information exists. We adopted FIN 47 as of September 30, 2006. See Note 2, “Change in Accounting Principle” in the Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements for the impact of the adoption of FIN 47.

 

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TYSON FOODS, INC.

RECENTLY ISSUED ACCOUNTING PRONOUNCEMENTS

In September 2006, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 157, “Fair Value Measurements” (SFAS No. 157). SFAS No. 157 provides guidance for using fair value to measure assets and liabilities. This standard also responds to investors’ requests for expanded information about the extent to which companies measure assets and liabilities at fair value, the information used to measure fair value and the effect of fair value measurements on earnings. SFAS No. 157 applies whenever other standards require (or permit) assets or liabilities to be measured at fair value. Beginning September 28, 2008, we partially applied SFAS No. 157 as allowed by FASB Staff Position (FSP) 157-2, which delayed the effective date of SFAS No. 157 for nonfinancial assets and liabilities. As of September 28, 2008, we have applied the provisions of SFAS No. 157 to our financial instruments and the impact was not material. Under FSP 157-2, we will be required to apply SFAS No. 157 to our nonfinancial assets and liabilities at the beginning of fiscal 2010. We are currently reviewing the applicability of SFAS No. 157 to our nonfinancial assets and liabilities as well as the potential impact on our consolidated financial statements.

 

In February 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 159, “The Fair Value Option for Financial Assets and Financial Liabilities, including an amendment of FASB Statement No. 115” (SFAS No. 159). This statement provides companies with an option to report selected financial assets and liabilities firm commitments, and nonfinancial warranty and insurance contracts at fair value on a contract-by-contract basis, with changes in fair value recognized in earnings each reporting period. At September 28, 2008, we did not elect the fair value option under SFAS No. 159 and therefore there was no impact to our consolidated financial statements.

 

In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 160, “Noncontrolling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements” (SFAS No. 160). SFAS No. 160 amends Accounting Research Bulletin No. 51, “Consolidated Financial Statements” to establish accounting and reporting standards for a noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary and for the deconsolidation of a subsidiary. This statement clarifies that a noncontrolling interest in a subsidiary is an ownership interest in the consolidated entity and should be reported as equity in the consolidated financial statements, rather than in the liability or mezzanine section between liabilities and equity. SFAS No. 160 also requires consolidated net income be reported at amounts that include the amounts attributable to both the parent and the noncontrolling interest. The impact of SFAS No. 160 will not have a material impact on our current Consolidated Financial Statements. SFAS No. 160 is effective for fiscal years, and interim periods within those fiscal years, beginning on or after December 15, 2008; therefore, we expect to adopt SFAS No. 160 at the beginning of fiscal 2010.

 

In December 2007, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141R, “Business Combinations” (SFAS No. 141R). SFAS No. 141R establishes principles and requirements for how an acquirer in a business combination: 1) recognizes and measures in its financial statements identifiable assets acquired, liabilities assumed, and any noncontrolling interest in the acquiree; 2) recognizes and measures goodwill acquired in a business combination or a gain from a bargain purchase; and 3) determines what information to disclose to enable users of the financial statements to evaluate the nature and financial effects of a business combination. SFAS No. 141R is effective for business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008; therefore, we expect to adopt SFAS No. 141R for any business combinations entered into beginning in fiscal 2010.

 

In March 2008, the FASB issued Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 161, “Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities - an amendment of FASB Statement No. 133” (SFAS No. 161). SFAS No. 161 establishes enhanced disclosure requirements about: 1) how and why an entity uses derivative instruments; 2) how derivative instruments and related hedged items are accounted for under Statement 133 and its related interpretations; and 3) how derivative instruments and related hedged items affect an entity’s financial position, financial performance and cash flows. SFAS No. 161 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008; therefore, we expect to adopt SFAS No. 161 in the second quarter of fiscal 2009.

 

In May 2008, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position No. APB 14-1, “Accounting for Convertible Debt Instruments That May Be Settled in Cash upon Conversion (Including Partial Cash Settlement)” (FSP APB 14-1). FSP APB 14-1 specifies that issuers of convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash upon conversion (including partial cash settlement) should separately account for the liability and equity components in a manner that will reflect the entity’s nonconvertible debt borrowing rate when interest cost is recognized in subsequent periods. The amount allocated to the equity component represents a discount to the debt, which is amortized into interest expense using the effective interest method over the life of the debt. FSP APB 14-1 is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years beginning after December 15, 2008, and interim periods within those fiscal years. Early adoption is not permitted. Therefore, we expect to adopt the provisions of FSP APB 14-1 beginning in the first quarter of fiscal 2010. The provisions of FSP APB 14-1 are required to be applied retrospectively to all periods presented. Upon retrospective adoption, we anticipate our effective interest rate on our 3.25% Convertible Senior Notes due 2013 will range from 8.0% to 8.50%, which would result in the recognition of an approximate $90 million to $100 million discount to these notes with the offsetting after tax amount recorded to capital in excess of par value. This discount will be accreted until the maturity date at the effective interest rate, which will not materially impact fiscal 2008 interest expense, but will result in an estimated $15 million to $20 million increase to our fiscal 2009 interest expense.

 

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TYSON FOODS, INC.

CRITICAL ACCOUNTING ESTIMATES

The preparation of consolidated financial statements requires us to make estimates and assumptions. These estimates and assumptions affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the consolidated financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. Actual results could differ from those estimates. The following is a summary of certain accounting estimates we consider critical.

 

 

 

Effect if Actual Results Differ

Description

Judgments and Uncertainties

From Assumptions

 

 

 

Contingent liabilities

We are subject to lawsuits, investigations and other claims related to wage and hour/labor, livestock procurement, securities, environmental, product, taxing authorities and other matters, and are required to assess the likelihood of any adverse judgments or outcomes to these matters, as well as potential ranges of probable losses.

 

A determination of the amount of reserves and disclosures required, if any, for these contingencies are made after considerable analysis of each individual issue. We accrue for contingent liabilities when an assessment of the risk of loss is probable and can be reasonably estimated. We disclose contingent liabilities when the risk of loss is reasonably possible or probable.

Our contingent liabilities contain uncertainties because the eventual outcome will result from future events, and determination of current reserves requires estimates and judgments related to future changes in facts and circumstances, differing interpretations of the law and assessments of the amount of damages, and the effectiveness of strategies or other factors beyond our control.

We have not made any material changes in the accounting methodology used to establish our contingent liabilities during the past three fiscal years.

 

We do not believe there is a reasonable likelihood there will be a material change in the estimates or assumptions used to calculate our contingent liabilities. However, if actual results are not consistent with our estimates or assumptions, we may be exposed to gains or losses that could be material.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Marketing and advertising costs

We incur advertising, retailer incentive and consumer incentive costs to promote products through marketing programs. These programs include cooperative advertising, volume discounts, in-store display incentives, coupons and other programs.

 

Marketing and advertising costs are charged in the period incurred. We accrue costs based on the estimated performance, historical utilization and redemption of each program.

 

Cash consideration given to customers is considered a reduction in the price of our products, thus recorded as a reduction to sales. The remainder of marketing and advertising costs is recorded as a selling, general and administrative expense.

Recognition of the costs related to these programs contains uncertainties due to judgment required in estimating the potential performance and redemption of each program.

 

These estimates are based on many factors, including experience of similar promotional programs.

We have not made any material changes in the accounting methodology used to establish our marketing accruals during the past three fiscal years.

 

We do not believe there is a reasonable likelihood there will be a material change in the estimates or assumptions used to calculate our marketing accruals. However, if actual results are not consistent with our estimates or assumptions, we may be exposed to gains or losses that could be material.

 

A 10% change in our marketing accruals at September 27, 2008, would impact pretax earnings by approximately $10 million.

 

 

 

 

 

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TYSON FOODS, INC.

 

 

 

Effect if Actual Results Differ

Description

Judgments and Uncertainties

From Assumptions

 

Accrued self insurance

We are self insured for certain losses related to health and welfare, workers’ compensation, auto liability and general liability claims.

 

We use an independent third-party actuary to assist in determining our self-insurance liability. We and the actuary consider a number of factors when estimating our self-insurance liability, including claims experience, demographic factors, severity factors and other actuarial assumptions.

 

We periodically review our estimates and assumptions with our third-party actuary to assist us in determining the adequacy of our self-insurance liability. Our policy is to maintain an accrual within the central to high point of the actuarial range.

Our self-insurance liability contains uncertainties due to assumptions required and judgment used.

 

Costs to settle our obligations, including legal and healthcare costs, could increase or decrease causing estimates of our self-insurance liability to change.

 

Incident rates, including frequency and severity, could increase or decrease causing estimates in our self-insurance liability to change.

We have not made any material changes in the accounting methodology used to establish our self-insurance liability during the past three fiscal years.

 

We do not believe there is a reasonable likelihood there will be a material change in the estimates or assumptions used to calculate our self-insurance liability. However, if actual results are not consistent with our estimates or assumptions, we may be exposed to gains or losses that could be material.

 

A 10% increase in the actuarial range at September 27, 2008, would not impact the amount we recorded for our self-insurance liability. A 10% decrease in the actuarial range at September 27, 2008, would result in a gain in the amount we recorded for our self-insurance liability of approximately $23 million.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Impairment of long-lived assets

Long-lived assets are evaluated for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value may not be recoverable. Examples include a significant adverse change in the extent or manner in which we use a long-lived asset or a change in its physical condition.

 

When evaluating long-lived assets for impairment, we compare the carrying value of the asset to the asset’s estimated undiscounted future cash flows. An impairment is indicated if the estimated future cash flows are less than the carrying value of the asset. The impairment is the excess of the carrying value over the fair value of the long-lived asset.

 

We recorded impairment charges related to long-lived assets of $52 million, $6 million and $67 million, respectively, in fiscal years 2008, 2007 and 2006.

Our impairment analysis contains uncertainties due to judgment in assumptions and estimates surrounding undiscounted future cash flows of the long-lived asset, including forecasting useful lives of assets and selecting the discount rate that reflects the risk inherent in future cash flows to determine fair value.

We have not made any material changes in the accounting methodology used to evaluate the impairment of long-lived assets during the last three fiscal years.

 

We do not believe there is a reasonable likelihood there will be a material change in the estimates or assumptions used to calculate impairments of long-lived assets. However, if actual results are not consistent with our estimates and assumptions used to calculate estimated future cash flows, we may be exposed to impairment losses that could be material.

 

 

 

 

 

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TYSON FOODS, INC.

 

 

 

Effect if Actual Results Differ

Description

Judgments and Uncertainties

From Assumptions

 

 

 

Impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets

Goodwill impairment is determined using a two-step process. The first step is to identify if a potential impairment exists by comparing the fair value of a reporting unit with its carrying amount, including goodwill. If the fair value of a reporting unit exceeds its carrying amount, goodwill of the reporting unit is not considered to have a potential impairment and the second step of the impairment test is not necessary. How-ever, if the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, the second step is performed to determine if goodwill is impaired and to measure the amount of impairment loss to recognize, if any.

 

The second step compares the implied fair value of goodwill with the carrying amount of goodwill. If the implied fair value of goodwill exceeds the carrying amount, then goodwill is not considered impaired. However, if the carrying amount of goodwill exceeds the implied fair value, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess.

 

The implied fair value of goodwill is determined in the same manner as the amount of goodwill recognized in a business combination (i.e., the fair value of the reporting unit is allocated to all the assets and liabilities, including any unrecognized intangible assets, as if the reporting unit had been acquired in a business combination and the fair value of the reporting unit was the purchase price paid to acquire the reporting unit).

 

For our other intangible assets, if the carrying value of the intangible asset exceeds its fair value, an impairment loss is recognized in an amount equal to that excess.

 

We have elected to make the first day of the fourth quarter the annual impairment assess-ment date for goodwill and other intangible assets. However, we could be required to evaluate the recoverability of goodwill and other intangible assets prior to the required annual assessment if we experience disrup-tions to the business, unexpected significant declines in operating results, divestiture of a significant component of the business or a sustained decline in market capitalization.

We estimate the fair value of our reporting units, generally our operating segments, using various valuation techniques, with the primary technique being a discounted cash flow analysis. A discounted cash flow analysis requires us to make various judgmental assumptions about sales, operating margins, growth rates and discount rates. Assumptions about sales, operating margins and growth rates are based on our budgets, business plans, economic projections, anticipated future cash flows and marketplace data. Assumptions are also made for varying perpetual growth rates for periods beyond the long-term business plan period.

 

While estimating the fair value of our Beef and Chicken reporting units, we assumed operating margins in future years in excess of the margins realized in the most current year. The fair value estimates for these reporting units assume normalized operating margin assumptions and improved operating efficiencies based on long-term expectations and margins historically realized in the beef and chicken industries. We estimate the fair value of our Beef reporting unit would be in excess of its carrying amount, including goodwill, by sustaining long-term operating margins of approximately 2.3%. We estimate the fair value of our Chicken reporting units would be in excess of its carrying amount, including goodwill, by sustaining long-term operating margins of approximately 5.1%.

 

Other intangible asset fair values have been calculated for trademarks using a royalty rate method and using the present value of future cash flows for patents and in-process technology. Assumptions about royalty rates are based on the rates at which similar brands and trademarks are licensed in the marketplace.

 

Our impairment analysis contains uncertainties due to uncontrollable events that could positively or negatively impact the anticipated future economic and operating conditions.

We have not made any material changes in the accounting methodology used to evaluate impairment of goodwill and other intangible assets during the last three years.

 

As a result of the first step of the 2008 goodwill impairment analysis, the fair value of each reporting unit exceeded its carrying value. Therefore, the second step was not necessary. However, a 6% decline in fair value of our Beef reporting unit or an 11% decline in fair value of our Chicken reporting unit would have caus-ed the carrying values for these reporting units to be in excess of fair values which would require the second step to be per-formed. The second step could have re-sulted in an impairment loss for goodwill.

 

While we believe we have made reason-able estimates and assumptions to calc-ulate the fair value of the reporting units and other intangible assets, it is possible a material change could occur. If our actual results are not consistent with our est-imates and assumptions used to calculate fair value, we may be required to perform the second step which could result in a material impairment of our goodwill.

 

During the latter part of the fourth quarter of fiscal 2008 and continuing into November 2008, our market capital-ization was below book value. While we considered the market capitalization de-cline in our evaluation of fair value of goodwill, we determined it did not impact the overall goodwill impairment analysis as we believe the decline to be primarily attributed to the negative market condi-tions as a result of the credit crisis, ind-ications of a possible recession and current issues within the poultry industry. We will continue to monitor our market capitalization as a potential impairment indicator considering overall market conditions and poultry industry events.

 

Our fiscal 2008 other intangible asset impairment analysis did not result in a material impairment charge. A hypo-thetical 10% decrease in the fair value of intangible assets would not result in a material impairment.

 

 

 

 

 

36


 

TYSON FOODS, INC.

 

 

 

 

 

 

Effect if Actual Results Differ

Description

Judgments and Uncertainties

From Assumptions

 

 

 

Income taxes

We estimate total income tax expense based on statutory tax rates and tax planning opportunities available to us in various jurisdictions in which we earn income.

 

Federal income taxes include an estimate for taxes on earnings of foreign subsidiaries expected to be remitted to the United States and be taxable, but not for earnings considered indefinitely invested in the foreign subsidiary.

 

Deferred income taxes are recognized for the future tax effects of temporary differences between financial and income tax reporting using tax rates in effect for the years in which the differences are expected to reverse.

 

Valuation allowances are recorded when it is likely a tax benefit will not be realized for a deferred tax asset.

 

We record unrecognized tax benefit liabilities for known or anticipated tax issues based on our analysis of whether, and the extent to which, additional taxes will be due. This analysis is performed in accordance with the requirements of FIN 48, which we adopted at the beginning of fiscal year 2008.

Changes in tax laws and rates could affect recorded deferred tax assets and liabilities in the future.

 

Changes in projected future earnings could affect the recorded valuation allowances in the future.

 

Our calculations related to income taxes contain uncertainties due to judgment used to calculate tax liabilities in the application of complex tax regulations across the tax jurisdictions where we operate.

 

Our analysis of unrecognized tax benefits contain uncertainties based on judgment used to apply the more likely than not recognition and measurement thresholds of FIN 48.

 

 

We do not believe there is a reasonable likelihood there will be a material change in the tax related balances or valuation allowances. However, due to the complexity of some of these uncertainties, the ultimate resolution may result in a payment that is materially different from the current estimate of the tax liabilities.

 

To the extent we prevail in matters for which FIN 48 liabilities have been established, or are required to pay amounts in excess of our recorded FIN 48 liabilities, our effective tax rate in a given financial statement period could be materially affected. An unfavorable tax settlement would require use of our cash and result in an increase in our effective tax rate in the period of resolution. A favorable tax settlement would be recognized as a reduction in our effective tax rate in the period of resolution.

 

 

 

ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURE ABOUT MARKET RISK

 

MARKET RISK

 

Market risk relating to our operations results primarily from changes in commodity prices, interest rates and foreign exchange rates, as well as credit risk concentrations. To address certain of these risks, we enter into various derivative transactions as described below. If a derivative instrument is accounted for as a hedge, as defined by Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 133, “Accounting for Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities” (SFAS No. 133), as amended, depending on the nature of the hedge, changes in the fair value of the instrument either will be offset against the change in fair value of the hedged assets, liabilities or firm commitments through earnings, or be recognized in other comprehensive income (loss) until the hedged item is recognized in earnings. The ineffective portion of an instrument’s change in fair value, as defined by SFAS No. 133, is recognized immediately. Additionally, we hold certain positions, primarily in grain and livestock futures that either do not meet the criteria for hedge accounting or are not designated as hedges. These positions are marked to market, and the unrealized gains and losses are reported in earnings at each reporting date. Changes in market value of derivatives used in our risk management activities relating to forward sales contracts are recorded in sales. Changes in market value of derivatives used in our risk management activities surrounding inventories on hand or anticipated purchases of inventories are recorded in cost of sales.

 

The sensitivity analyses presented below are the measures of potential losses of fair value resulting from hypothetical changes in market prices related to commodities. Sensitivity analyses do not consider the actions we may take to mitigate our exposure to changes, nor do they consider the effects such hypothetical adverse changes may have on overall economic activity. Actual changes in market prices may differ from hypothetical changes.

 

Commodities Risk: We purchase certain commodities, such as grains and livestock, in the course of normal operations. As part of our commodity risk management activities, we use derivative financial instruments, primarily futures and options, to reduce the effect of changing prices and as a mechanism to procure the underlying commodity. However, as the commodities underlying our derivative

 

37


 

TYSON FOODS, INC.

financial instruments can experience significant price fluctuations, any requirement to mark-to-market the positions that have not been designated or do not qualify as hedges under SFAS No. 133 could result in volatility in our results of operations. Contract terms of a hedge instrument closely mirror those of the hedged item providing a high degree of risk reduction and correlation. Contracts designated and highly effective at meeting this risk reduction and correlation criteria are recorded using hedge accounting. The following table presents a sensitivity analysis resulting from a hypothetical change of 10% in market prices as of September 27, 2008, and September 29, 2007, on the fair value of open positions. The fair value of such positions is a summation of the fair values calculated for each commodity by valuing each net position at quoted futures prices. The market risk exposure analysis includes hedge and non-hedge derivative financial instruments.

 

Effect of 10% change in fair value

 

 

 

 

 

in millions

 

 

2008

 

 

 

2007

Livestock:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cattle

 

$

78

 

 

 

$

33

 

Hogs

 

 

31

 

 

 

 

64

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Grain

 

 

88

 

 

 

 

9

 

Interest Rate Risk: At September 27, 2008, we had fixed-rate debt of $2.9 billion with a weighted average interest rate of 7.0%. We have exposure to changes in interest rates on this fixed-rate debt. Market risk for fixed-rate debt is estimated as the potential increase in fair value, resulting from a hypothetical 10% decrease in interest rates. A hypothetical 10% decrease in interest rates would have increased the fair value of our fixed-rate debt by approximately $45 million at September 27, 2008, and $58 million at September 29, 2007. The fair values of our debt were estimated based on quoted market prices and/or published interest rates.

 

At September 27, 2008, we had variable rate debt of $19 million with a weighted average interest rate of 4.6%. A hypothetical 10% increase in interest rates effective at September 27, 2008, and September 29, 2007, would have a minimal effect on interest expense.

 

Foreign Currency Risk: We have foreign exchange gain/loss exposure from fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates primarily as a result of certain receivable and payable balances. The primary currency exchanges we have exposure to are the Canadian dollar, the Mexican peso, the European euro, the British pound sterling and the Brazilian real. We periodically enter into foreign exchange forward contracts to hedge some portion of our foreign currency exposure. A hypothetical 10% change in foreign exchange rates effective at September 27, 2008, and September 29, 2007, related to the foreign exchange forward contracts would have an $11 million and $3 million, respectively, impact on pretax income. In the future, we may enter into more foreign exchange forward contracts as a result of our international growth strategy.

 

Concentrations of Credit Risk: Our financial instruments exposed to concentrations of credit risk consist primarily of cash equivalents and trade receivables. Our cash equivalents are in high quality securities placed with major banks and financial institutions. Concentrations of credit risk with respect to receivables are limited due to our large number of customers and their dispersion across geographic areas. We perform periodic credit evaluations of our customers’ financial condition and generally do not require collateral. At September 27, 2008, and September 29, 2007, 12.2% and 12.1%, respectively, of our net accounts receivable balance was due from Wal-Mart Stores, Inc. No other single customer or customer group represents greater than 10% of net accounts receivable.

 

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TYSON FOODS, INC.

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

 

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

 

 

 

Three years ended September 27, 2008

 

 

 

in millions, except per share data

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

2008

 

2007

 

2006

 

Sales

 

$

26,862

 

$

25,729

 

$

24,589

 

Cost of Sales

 

 

25,616

 

 

24,300

 

 

23,639

 

 

 

 

1,246

 

 

1,429

 

 

950

 

Operating Expenses:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Selling, general and administrative

 

 

879

 

 

814

 

 

930

 

 

Other charges

 

 

36

 

 

2

 

 

70

 

Operating Income (Loss)

 

 

331

 

 

613

 

 

(50

)

Other (Income) Expense:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Interest income

 

 

(9

)

 

(8

)

 

(30

)

 

Interest expense

 

 

215

 

 

232

 

 

268

 

 

Other, net

 

 

(29

)

 

(21

)

 

(20

)

 

 

 

177

 

 

203

 

 

218

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations before Income Taxes

 

 

154

 

 

410

 

 

(268

)

Income Tax Expense (Benefit)

 

 

68

 

 

142

 

 

(94

)

Income (Loss) from Continuing Operations

 

 

86

 

 

268

 

 

(174

)

Loss from Discontinued Operation, Net of Tax $0, $0, $(8)

 

 

-

 

 

-

 

 

(17

)

Income (Loss) before Cumulative Effect of Change in Accounting Principle

 

 

86

 

 

268

 

 

(191

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Cumulative Effect of Change in Accounting Principle, Net of Tax

 

 

-

 

 

-

 

 

(5

)

Net Income (Loss)

 

$

86

 

$

268

 

$

(196

)

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Weighted Average Shares Outstanding:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Class A Basic

 

 

281

 

 

273

 

 

249

 

 

Class B Basic

 

 

70

 

 

75

 

 

96

 

 

Diluted

 

 

356

 

 

355

 

 

345

 

Earnings (Loss) Per Share from Continuing Operations:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Class A Basic

 

$

0.25

 

$

0.79

 

$

(0.51

)

 

Class B Basic

 

$

0.22

 

$

0.70

 

$

(0.47

)

 

Diluted

 

$

0.24

 

$

0.75

 

$

(0.51

)

Loss Per Share from Discontinued Operation:

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

 

Class A Basic

 

$

-

 

$

-

 

$

(0.05