Filed Pursuant to Rule 424(b)(2)
Registration No. 333-128857
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
TO PROSPECTUS DATED OCTOBER 28, 2005
5,150,000 Shares
Common Stock
This prospectus supplement relates to the sale of 5,150,000 shares of our common stock by the selling stockholder, i-STT Investments Pte. Ltd., a subsidiary of STT Communications Ltd. As of September 30, 2005, STT Communications Ltd was our single largest stockholder and beneficially owned approximately 37% of our common stock.
The selling stockholder has granted the underwriters an option to purchase up to 739,549 additional shares of our common stock to cover over-allotments.
All net proceeds from the sale of our common stock pursuant to this prospectus supplement will go to the selling stockholder.
Concurrently with this offering, i-STT Investments (Bermuda) Ltd., a subsidiary of the selling stockholder, has entered into a prepaid forward purchase agreement with Credit Suisse First Boston Capital LLC, an affiliate of Credit Suisse First Boston LLC, an underwriter of this offering. Pursuant to that forward purchase agreement, i-STT Investments (Bermuda) Ltd. expects to sell between 3,643,820 and 4,300,000 shares of our common stock (or to deliver the cash value thereof) on or about November 15, 2008, based on the average of the volume weighted average price per share of our common stock on each of the 20 trading days immediately prior to, but not including, the second trading day preceding that date. Those shares of our common stock are not offered under this prospectus supplement. In connection with that forward purchase agreement, we understand that Credit Suisse First Boston (USA), Inc. expects to issue and sell, in a registered offering, a series of debt securities that will be mandatorily exchangeable into shares of our common stock (or the cash value thereof) based on the same formula as in the forward purchase agreement described above and on the same date on which the shares are to be delivered under that forward purchase agreement. Neither we nor i-STT Investments (Bermuda) Ltd. will have any obligation to deliver additional shares of our common stock pursuant to the forward purchase agreement, or any obligation to deliver shares of our common stock to any holder of the mandatorily exchangeable debt securities. See Prospectus Supplement SummaryThe Concurrent Offering on page S-4 of this prospectus supplement.
Our common stock is quoted on The Nasdaq National Market under the symbol EQIX. On November 9, 2005, the closing sale price of our common stock on The Nasdaq National Market was $35.64 per share.
Investing in our common stock involves certain risks. See Risk Factors beginning on page S-9.
Neither the Securities and Exchange Commission nor any state securities commission has approved or disapproved of these securities or determined if this prospectus supplement or the related prospectus is truthful or complete. Any representation to the contrary is a criminal offense.
Per Share |
Total | |||||
Public Offering Price |
$ | 35.6400 | $ | 183,546,000 | ||
Underwriting Discount |
$ | 1.3365 | $ | 6,882,975 | ||
Proceeds to Selling Stockholder |
$ | 34.3035 | $ | 176,663,025 |
The underwriters expect to deliver the shares to purchasers on or about November 16, 2005.
The date of this prospectus supplement is November 9, 2005.
Joint Bookrunners
Citigroup | Credit Suisse First Boston |
Goldman, Sachs & Co.
PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
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Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations |
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S-60 |
S-61 | ||
S-69 | ||
Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management |
S-71 | |
S-73 | ||
Certain United States Federal Income Tax Considerations For Non-United States Holders |
S-75 | |
S-78 | ||
S-79 | ||
S-84 | ||
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PROSPECTUS
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ABOUT THIS PROSPECTUS SUPPLEMENT
This prospectus supplement supplements the prospectus dated October 28, 2005, which is a part of the Registration Statement (Registration No. 333-128857) and which relates to the offering of our common stock by the selling stockholder.
This document has two parts. The first part is the prospectus supplement, which describes the specific terms of this offering and also adds to and updates information contained in the accompanying prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference. The second part is the accompanying prospectus, which gives more general information, some of which may not apply to this offering. Unless the context otherwise indicates, references in this prospectus supplement to prospectus refer to this entire document, including the prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. To the extent there is a conflict between the information contained in this prospectus supplement, the information contained in the accompanying prospectus or the information contained in any document incorporated by reference herein or therein, the information contained in the most recently dated document shall control.
It is important for you to read and consider all information contained in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, including the documents incorporated by reference herein and therein, in making your investment decision. You should also read and consider the information in the documents we have referred you to in the section entitled Where You Can Find More Information.
You should rely only on the information contained, incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. We have not authorized anyone to give any information or to make any representation not contained, incorporated or deemed incorporated by reference in this prospectus supplement or the accompanying prospectus in connection with the offering of our common stock by the selling stockholder in this offering. You should not assume that the information contained in this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus is correct as of any date after the respective dates of this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus, even though this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus are delivered or the shares are offered or sold on a later date.
Neither this prospectus supplement nor the accompanying prospectus is an offer to sell any security other than our common stock, and they are not soliciting an offer to buy any security other than our common stock. Neither this prospectus supplement nor the accompanying prospectus is an offer to sell the common stock to any person, and they are not soliciting an offer from any person to buy the common stock, in any jurisdiction where the offer or sale to that person is not permitted.
Unless the context otherwise requires, the terms we, our, us, the company and Equinix refer to Equinix, Inc., a Delaware corporation and its consolidated subsidiaries.
In addition, as used in this prospectus supplement, the term:
| i-STT Investments (Bermuda) refers to i-STT Investments (Bermuda) Ltd., a Bermuda corporation, a direct, wholly owned subsidiary of i-STT Investments Pte. Ltd.; |
| selling stockholder refers to i-STT Investments Pte. Ltd., a Singapore corporation, a direct, wholly owned subsidiary of STT Communications Ltd; and |
| STT Communications refers to STT Communications Ltd, a Singapore corporation, the sole, direct stockholder of i-STT Investments Pte. Ltd., and the sole, indirect stockholder of i-STT Investments (Bermuda) Ltd. |
S-1
The following should be read together with the other information contained in or incorporated by reference into this prospectus supplement and the accompanying prospectus. This section contains a general summary of the information contained in this prospectus supplement. It may not include all of the information that is important to you. You should read the entire prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and the documents identified in the accompanying prospectus under the caption Where You Can Find More Information.
Equinix, Inc.
Equinix provides network neutral colocation, interconnection and managed services to enterprises, content companies, systems integrators and the worlds largest network providers. Through our Internet Business Exchange hubs, or IBX hubs, in eleven markets in the U.S. and Asia-Pacific, customers can directly interconnect with each other for critical traffic exchange requirements. Direct interconnection to our aggregation of networks, which serve more than 90% of the worlds Internet routes, allows our customers to increase performance while significantly reducing costs. Based on our network neutral model and the quality of our IBX hubs, we believe we have established a critical mass of customers. This critical mass and the resulting network effect combined with a strong financial position continue to drive new customer growth and bookings. As a result of our largely fixed cost model, any growth in revenue would likely drive incremental margins and increased operating cash flow.
Our network neutral business model is a key differentiator for us in the market. Because we do not operate a network, we are able to offer our customers direct interconnection to the largest aggregation of bandwidth providers and Internet service providers. The worlds top tier Internet service providers, numerous access networks, second tier providers and international carriers, such as AOL, AT&T, British Telecom, Cable & Wireless, Comcast, Level 3, MCI, NTT, SingTel and Qwest are all currently located at our IBX hubs. Access to such a wide variety of networks has attracted 9 of the top 10 Internet properties and numerous other enterprise and government customers, including Amazon.com, Electronic Arts, Fox Sports, Fujitsu, Gannett, The Gap, Goldman Sachs, Google, IBM, MSN, NASA, Solo Cup, Sony, Washington Mutual, and Yahoo!.
Our services are comprised of three types: Colocation, Interconnection, and Managed IT Infrastructure services.
| Colocation services include cabinets, power, operations space and storage space for our customers colocation needs. |
| Interconnection services provide scalable and reliable connectivity that allows our customers to exchange traffic directly with the service provider of their choice. |
| Managed IT infrastructure services allow our customers to leverage our significant telecommunications expertise, maximize the benefits of our IBX hubs and optimize their infrastructure and resources. |
The market for these services has historically been served by large telecommunications carriers who have bundled their telecommunications services and managed services with their colocation offerings. A number of these telecommunications carriers have recently eliminated or reduced their colocation footprint to focus on their core businesses. Additionally, many of the competitive providers have failed to scale their businesses and have been forced to exit the market. This reduction in supply in the industry has stabilized pricing and increased the demand for our centers because we have gained many of those customers displaced from these companies as access to their networks is also available in our IBX hubs. Strategically, we will continue to look at attractive opportunities to grow our market share and selectively improve our footprint and service offerings.
S-2
Our Strategy
Our objective is to become the premier Internet exchange hub for content providers, enterprises and government customers to locate their network infrastructure and exchange traffic with the worlds largest network providers. Key components of our strategy include the following:
Continue to Build upon our Critical Mass of Network Providers and Content Companies, and Grow our Position within Enterprise and Government. We have assembled a critical mass of premier network providers and content companies and have become one of the core hubs of the Internet. This critical mass is a key selling point since content companies want to connect with a diverse set of networks to provide the best connectivity to their end-customers, and network companies want to sell bandwidth to content customers and interconnect with other networks in the most efficient manner available. Currently, we service over 200 unique networks, including all of the top tier networks, allowing our customers to directly interconnect with providers that serve more than 90% of global Internet routes. We have a growing mass of key players in the enterprise sector, such as The Gap, Gannett, Goldman Sachs, IBM, SOLO Cup, Sony, Washington Mutual, XM Radio and others. Similarly, we have experienced increasing success in attracting customers from the government sector within defense and security, such as NASA. We expect these sectors to be a key growth driver in 2006 and beyond.
Leverage the Network Effect. As network providers, content providers, enterprise and government customers locate in our IBX hubs, it benefits their suppliers and business partners to do so as well to gain the full economic and performance benefits of direct interconnection. These partners, in turn, pull in their business partners, creating a network effect of customer adoption. Our interconnection services enable scalable, reliable and cost-effective interconnection and traffic exchange thus lowering our customers overall cost while increasing their flexibility.
Promote our IBX Hubs as the Highest Performance Points on the Internet. Data center reliability is one of the most important attributes when customers are choosing a data center provider. Our premier IBX hubs are next-generation data centers and offer customers advanced security, reliability and redundancy. Our security design includes five levels of biometrics security to access customer cages. Our power infrastructure includes N+1 redundancy for all systems and has delivered 99.999% uptime over the period January 1, 2002 through September 30, 2005. Our support staff, trained to aid customers with operational support, are available 24 hours a day, 365 days a year.
Provide New Products and Services within our IBX Hubs. We plan to continue to offer additional products and services that are most valuable to our customers as they manage their Internet and network businesses and, specifically, as they attempt to effectively utilize multiple networks.
Ensure Continuous Growth for our Customers. We plan to expand in key markets based on customer demand to ensure a smooth growth path for our customers. For example, we have acquired six new IBX centers in our key markets over the last two years, increasing our customer cabinet capacity by 50%. Our strategy is to continue to grow in our existing markets and possibly expand to additional markets. We expect to execute this expansion strategy in a cost-effective and prudent manner through a combination of acquiring existing centers through lease or purchase, or building new centers based on key criteria in each market.
Recent Developments
In October 2005, we entered into a purchase and sale agreement to sell our Los Angeles IBX data center for $38.7 million and to lease it back from the purchaser pursuant to a long-term lease. We refer to this transaction as the Los Angeles IBX sale-leaseback transaction. The Los Angeles IBX sale-leaseback transaction is expected to close before the end of 2005.
S-3
In October 2005, we purchased an office/warehouse complex known as the Beaumeade Business Park located in Ashburn, Virginia, which we refer to as the Ashburn campus. We purchased the entire 32.6-acre Ashburn campus containing six buildings with approximately 462,000 rentable square feet that is approximately 95% leased. We refer to this transaction as the Ashburn IBX property acquisition. We currently occupy approximately 269,000 square feet within three of the buildings. Payments due under the Ashburn IBX property acquisition total $53.0 million plus closing costs, which we paid for in full in October 2005. We will continue to operate our existing data centers within the Ashburn campus. We intend to sell those buildings that will not be used for our current operations or expansion plans. In addition, we have entered into a non-binding letter of intent to finance the Ashburn campus with a $60.0 million, 8% mortgage to be amortized over 20 years. We refer to this transaction as the Ashburn campus financing. The Ashburn campus financing is subject to the completion of definitive agreements, and although there is no assurance that the definitive agreements will be completed, we currently expect the Ashburn campus financing to close before the end of 2005.
In October 2005, we announced that we have entered into a non-binding letter of intent for the early termination of our 39 acre San Jose ground lease whereby we will pay $40.0 million over the next four years, commencing January 1, 2006, to terminate this lease, which would otherwise require significantly higher cumulative lease payments through 2020. We refer to this transaction as the San Jose ground lease termination. As a result of the San Jose ground lease termination, we expect to incur a significant restructuring charge in the fourth quarter of 2005. The San Jose ground lease termination is subject to the completion of definitive agreements, and although there is no assurance that the definitive agreements will be completed, we currently expect the San Jose ground lease termination to close before the end of 2005.
In October 2005, we elected to draw down a portion of the $50.0 million Silicon Valley Bank revolving credit line. We elected to borrow $30.0 million at a one-month LIBOR interest rate, inclusive of the applicable margin, of 5.72% per annum, which we refer to as the $30.0 million drawdown. The $30.0 million drawdown was used to fund a portion of the purchase of the Ashburn IBX property acquisition. On November 17, 2005, we may elect to either repay all or a portion of the $30.0 million drawdown, or convert the $30.0 million drawdown into a new borrowing at either the then applicable one, three or six month LIBOR rate plus an applicable margin or at the prime rate. Borrowings under the $50.0 million Silicon Valley Bank revolving credit line may be borrowed, repaid and reborrowed at a later date up to the final maturity date of the $50.0 million Silicon Valley Bank revolving credit line, which is September 16, 2008. As of October 31, 2005, in addition to the $30.0 million drawdown described above, we had utilized $5.2 million of the credit line through the issuance of letters of credit, and, as a result, we had $14.8 million remaining available for borrowing under the $50.0 million Silicon Valley Bank revolving credit line.
The Concurrent Offering
We understand that Credit Suisse First Boston (USA), Inc. expects to issue and sell, in a registered offering, $153,252,000 aggregate principal amount of its 5.50% Shared Appreciation Income Linked Securities due November 15, 2008, which we refer to as the SAILS. The SAILS are a series of debt securities that will be mandatorily exchanged at maturity, which is scheduled to be November 15, 2008, for between 3,643,820 and 4,300,000 shares of our common stock (or the cash value thereof) based on the average of the volume weighted price per share of our common stock on each of the 20 trading days immediately prior to the second trading day preceding such maturity date. Neither we nor i-STT Investments (Bermuda) will have any obligation to deliver additional shares of our common stock pursuant to the forward purchase agreement, or any obligation to deliver shares of our common stock to any holder of the SAILS. The closing of the sale of our common stock offered hereby is not contingent upon the closing of the offering of the SAILS.
In connection with the offering described in the preceding paragraph, the selling stockholder has advised us that its wholly owned subsidiary, i-STT Investments (Bermuda), expects to enter into a forward purchase
S-4
agreement with Credit Suisse First Boston Capital LLC. Pursuant to that forward purchase agreement, i-STT Investments (Bermuda) has agreed to sell between 3,643,820 and 4,300,000 shares of our common stock (or to deliver the cash value thereof) based on the same formula as in the SAILS and on the same dates on which Credit Suisse First Boston (USA), Inc. is required to deliver shares of our common stock to the holders of the SAILS. Under that forward purchase agreement, Credit Suisse First Boston Capital LLC will, on the closing date of the offering of the SAILS, pay i-STT Investments (Bermuda) a negotiated price. i-STT Investments (Bermuda) expects to enter into a collateral agreement under which it will pledge to the collateral agent, to secure its obligations under the forward purchase agreement, the maximum number of shares it may be required to deliver thereunder. Until i-STT Investments (Bermuda) delivers shares of our common stock upon settlement of the forward purchase agreement, it will continue to beneficially own and vote the shares it expects to pledge under the collateral agreement. If i-STT Investments (Bermuda) elects to settle its obligations under the forward purchase agreement in cash instead of delivering shares of our common stock, it will continue to own those shares. i-STT Investments (Bermuda) will also continue to own any shares of our common stock that it has pledged but is not ultimately required to deliver under the forward purchase agreement due to the application of the formula therein.
Company Information
Our principal executive offices are located at 301 Velocity Way, Fifth Floor, Foster City, CA 94404 and our telephone number is (650) 513-7000. Our website is located at www.equinix.com. Information contained on or accessible through our website is not part of this prospectus supplement.
S-5
Common stock offered by the selling stockholder |
5,150,000 shares | |
Over-allotment option |
The selling stockholder has granted the underwriters a 30-day option to purchase up to an additional 739,549 shares to cover over-allotments. (1) | |
Common stock to be outstanding after the offering and the concurrent offering |
27,263,658 shares (2) | |
Use of proceeds |
All net proceeds from the sale of our common stock will go to the selling stockholder. | |
Dividend policy |
Holders of common stock are entitled to receive cash dividends when, and if, declared by our board of directors out of funds legally available. Since inception, we have not paid any cash dividends on common stock and we do not have any present intention to commence payment of any cash dividends. Our ability to pay cash dividends is limited under our line of credit with Silicon Valley Bank. | |
Risk factors |
For a discussion of specific risks you should consider before buying shares of our common stock, please see the risk factors described starting on page S-9. | |
Nasdaq National Market symbol for common stock |
EQIX |
(1) | Unless otherwise indicated, all information in this prospectus supplement assumes exercise in full of the over-allotment option and the completion of the concurrent offering as described herein. |
(2) | Excludes 4,482,973 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of outstanding options and unvested restricted stock, 152,359 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of outstanding common stock warrants and 2,183,548 shares reserved for the conversion of the convertible subordinated debentures as of September 30, 2005. Includes 3,074,919 shares of common stock issued upon conversion of various convertible securities held by the selling stockholder as follows: on November 7, 2005, the selling stockholder elected to exercise its preferred stock warrant for 965,674 shares of our series A preferred stock and elected to convert an aggregate of $2,208,000 of its series A-1 convertible secured notes, including interest due through November 7, 2005, into 240,578 shares of our series A preferred stock. In addition, on November 9, 2005, the selling stockholder elected to convert all of its series A preferred stock into an aggregate of 3,074,919 shares of our common stock. The series A preferred stock converted into common stock on a 1 to 1 basis. |
S-6
SUMMARY CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA
The following summary consolidated financial data should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and their related notes, Capitalization and Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations located elsewhere in this prospectus supplement. The summary consolidated statement of operations data for the years ended December 31, 2000 to 2004 are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements and their related notes. The summary consolidated statement of operations data for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004 and the balance sheet data as of September 30, 2005 are derived from our unaudited condensed interim consolidated financial statements and their related notes. In the opinion of management, all financial information derived from such unaudited interim financial statements reflects all adjustments, consisting of normal recurring adjustments, necessary for a fair presentation of that information. Historical results are not necessarily indicative of future performance and results for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full year. The pro forma as adjusted column for the summary consolidated balance sheet dated as of September 30, 2005 gives effect to the conversion of the following instruments held by the selling stockholder that were convertible into common stock as of September 30, 2005 as if they had converted on September 30, 2005: (i) 1,868,667 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of outstanding shares of series A preferred stock; (ii) 237,309 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of $2,058,000 of outstanding convertible secured notes (presented net of discount as $1,962,000 below) plus $120,000 of accrued but unpaid interest through September 30, 2005 (there are also $12,000 of unamortized debt issuance costs as of September 30, 2005 associated with these convertible secured notes) and (iii) 965,674 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of an outstanding series A-1 preferred stock warrant and conversion of the series A-1 preferred stock issuable thereunder into shares of common stock (this warrant has an exercise price of $0.01 per share, which resulted in cash proceeds to us of approximately $10,000 upon exercise). Approximately $30,000 in additional interest accrued with respect to the convertible secured notes through their conversion which took place on November 7, 2005 and resulted in 3,269 additional shares of common stock being issued. This additional accrued interest is not reflected in the Pro Forma As Adjusted column. As described on page S-6, all such instruments were ultimately converted into common stock by the selling stockholder on November 9, 2005.
Years ended December 31, |
Nine months ended September 30, |
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2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2004 |
2005 |
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(in thousands, except per share data) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Statement of Operations Data: |
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Revenues |
$ | 13,016 | $ | 63,414 | $ | 77,188 | $ | 117,942 | $ | 163,671 | $ | 118,682 | $ | 159,259 | ||||||||||||||
Costs and operating expenses: |
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Cost of revenues |
43,401 | 94,889 | 104,073 | 128,121 | 136,950 | 102,245 | 116,639 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Sales and marketing |
20,139 | 16,935 | 15,247 | 19,483 | 18,604 | 13,498 | 14,793 | |||||||||||||||||||||
General and administrative |
56,585 | 58,286 | 30,659 | 34,293 | 32,494 | 24,544 | 33,594 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Restructuring charges |
| 48,565 | 28,885 | | 17,685 | | | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total costs and operating expenses |
120,125 | 218,675 | 178,864 | 181,897 | 205,733 | 140,287 | 165,026 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Loss from operations |
(107,109 | ) | (155,261 | ) | (101,676 | ) | (63,955 | ) | (42,062 | ) | (21,605 | ) | (5,767 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Interest income |
16,430 | 10,656 | 998 | 296 | 1,291 | 819 | 2,644 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
(29,111 | ) | (43,810 | ) | (35,098 | ) | (20,512 | ) | (11,496 | ) | (8,765 | ) | (6,332 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Gain (loss) on debt extinguishment and conversion |
| | 114,158 | | (16,211 | ) | (16,211 | ) | | |||||||||||||||||||
Income taxes |
| | | | (153 | ) | (200 | ) | (553 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Net loss |
$ | (119,790 | ) | $ | (188,415 | ) | $ | (21,618 | ) | $ | (84,171 | ) | $ | (68,631 | ) | $ | (45,962 | ) | $ | (10,008 | ) | |||||||
Net loss per share: |
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Basic and diluted |
$ | (111.23 | ) | $ | (76.62 | ) | $ | (7.23 | ) | $ | (8.76 | ) | $ | (3.87 | ) | $ | (2.65 | ) | $ | (0.43 | ) | |||||||
Weighted average shares |
1,077 | 2,459 | 2,990 | 9,604 | 17,719 | 17,370 | 23,335 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Pro forma net loss per share (unaudited) (1): |
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Basic and diluted |
$ | (2.82 | ) | $ | (0.38 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average shares |
24,300 | 26,263 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
S-7
As of September 30, 2005 | ||||||
Actual |
Pro Forma as Adjusted (2) | |||||
(dollars in thousands) | ||||||
Balance Sheet Data: |
||||||
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term and long-term investments |
$ | 108,290 | $ | 108,300 | ||
Accounts receivable, net |
16,199 | 16,199 | ||||
Property and equipment, net |
371,005 | 371,005 | ||||
Total assets |
533,380 | 533,378 | ||||
Debt facility and capital lease obligation, less current portion |
48,748 | 48,748 | ||||
Convertible secured notes |
1,962 | | ||||
Convertible subordinated debentures |
86,250 | 86,250 | ||||
Total stockholders equity |
315,076 | 317,156 |
(1) | Pro forma net loss per share reflects the conversion of the following instruments held by the selling stockholder that were convertible into common stock as if they had been converted on January 1, 2004: (i) 1,868,667 shares of common stock upon conversion of outstanding shares of series A preferred stock, (ii) 3,746,167 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of $33,598,000 of the selling stockholders convertible secured notes plus $784,000 of accrued but unpaid interest that were outstanding as of December 31, 2003 (because the selling stockholder converted 95% of its outstanding convertible secured notes and associated interest during the quarter ended March 31, 2005, for purposes of the pro forma net loss per share amount for the nine months ended September 30, 2005, only 93,117 shares were added to the weighted average shares outstanding for that period) and (iii) 965,674 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of an outstanding series A-1 preferred stock warrant and conversion of the series A-1 preferred stock issuable thereunder into shares of common stock. As described on page S-6, all such instruments were ultimately converted into common stock by the selling stockholder on November 9, 2005. |
(2) | The pro forma as adjusted column does not reflect any of the recent developments discussed on pages S-3 and S-4 of this prospectus supplement including: (i) the Los Angeles sale-leaseback transaction, (ii) the Ashburn IBX property acquisition and the Ashburn campus financing, (iii) the San Jose ground lease termination and (iv) the $30.0 million drawdown from our $50.0 million Silicon Valley Bank revolving credit line. |
S-8
In addition to the other information contained in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus, and in the documents incorporated by reference therein, respectively, the following risk factors should be considered carefully in evaluating our business, us and the sale of shares of our common stock contemplated hereby.
Risks Related to Our Business
We have incurred substantial losses in the past and may continue to incur additional losses in the future.
Although we have generated cash from operations since the quarter ended September 30, 2003, for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, we incurred net losses of $68.6 million and $84.2 million, respectively. For the nine months ended September 30, 2005, we incurred a net loss of $10.0 million. In light of new rules regarding the expensing of stock-based compensation, we do not expect to become net income positive for the foreseeable future. In addition, if we acquire or build-out additional IBX centers, we will have additional depreciation and amortization expenses that will negatively impact our ability to achieve and sustain profitability. Even without giving effect to the expensing of stock-based compensation, there can be no guarantee that we will become profitable, and we may continue to incur additional losses. Even if we achieve profitability, given the competitive and evolving nature of the industry in which we operate, we may not be able to sustain or increase profitability on a quarterly or annual basis.
We expect our operating results to fluctuate.
We have experienced fluctuations in our results of operations on a quarterly and annual basis. The fluctuations in our operating results may cause the market price of our common stock to decline. We expect to experience significant fluctuations in our operating results in the foreseeable future due to a variety of factors, including:
| financing or other expenses related to the acquisition, purchase or construction of additional IBX centers; |
| mandatory expensing of employee stock-based compensation, including restricted shares; |
| demand for space, power and services at our IBX centers; |
| changes in general economic conditions and specific market conditions in the telecommunications and Internet industries; |
| costs associated with the write-off of unimproved or underutilized property; |
| the provision of customer discounts and credits; |
| the mix of current and proposed products and services and the gross margins associated with our products and services; |
| the timing required for new and future centers to become fully utilized; |
| competition in the markets in which we operate; |
| conditions related to international operations; |
| the timing and magnitude of operating expenses, including taxes, capital expenditures and expenses related to the expansion of sales, marketing, operations and acquisitions, if any, of complementary businesses and assets; and |
| the cost and availability of adequate public utilities, including power. |
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Any of the foregoing factors, or other factors discussed elsewhere in this prospectus supplement or the documents incorporated herein by reference, could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial condition. Although we have experienced growth in revenues in recent quarters, this growth rate is not necessarily indicative of future operating results. It is possible that we may never generate net income on a quarterly or annual basis. In addition, a relatively large portion of our expenses are fixed in the short-term, particularly with respect to lease and personnel expenses, depreciation and amortization, and interest expenses. Therefore, our results of operations are particularly sensitive to fluctuations in revenues. As such, comparisons to prior reporting periods should not be relied upon as indications of our future performance. In addition, our operating results in one or more future quarters may fail to meet the expectations of securities analysts or investors. If this occurs, we could experience an immediate and significant decline in the trading price of our stock.
Our inability to use our tax net operating losses will cause us to pay taxes at an earlier date and in greater amounts which may harm our operating results.
We believe that our ability to use our pre-2003 tax net operating losses, or NOLs, in any taxable year is subject to limitation under Section 382 of the United States Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, (the Code) as a result of the significant change in the ownership of our stock that resulted from our combination with i-STT Pte. Ltd. and Pihana Pacific, Inc. in 2002, which we call the combination. We expect that a significant portion of our NOLs accrued prior to December 31, 2002 will expire unused as a result of this limitation. In addition to the limitations on NOL carryforward utilization described above, we believe that Section 382 of the Code will also significantly limit our ability to use the depreciation and amortization on our assets, as well as certain losses on the sale of our assets, to the extent that such depreciation, amortization and losses reflect unrealized depreciation that was inherent in such assets as of the date of the combination. These limitations will cause us to pay taxes at an earlier date and in greater amounts than would occur absent such limitations.
We believe that the sale of all or substantially all of the securities held by STT Communications in this offering and the concurrent offering would also trigger a new limitation under the Code. As a result of our market capitalization, however, such a limitation is not expected to have a material impact on our ability to use the NOLs generated up to the date of such a sale.
We are exposed to potential risks from recent legislation requiring companies to evaluate controls under Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002.
Although we received an unqualified opinion regarding the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting as of December 31, 2004, in the course of our ongoing evaluation of our internal controls over financing reporting, we have identified certain areas which we would like to improve and are in the process of evaluating and designing enhanced processes and controls to address these areas identified during our evaluation, none of which we believe constitutes or will constitute a material change. However, we cannot be certain that our efforts will be effective or sufficient for us, or our independent registered public accounting firm, to issue unqualified reports in the future, especially as our business continues to grow and evolve.
It may be difficult to design and implement effective financial controls for combined operations, and differences in existing controls of any acquired businesses may result in weaknesses that require remediation when the financial controls and reporting are combined.
Our ability to manage our operations and growth will require us to improve our operational, financial and management controls, as well as our internal reporting systems and controls. We may not be able to implement improvements to our internal reporting systems and controls in an efficient and timely manner and may discover deficiencies in existing systems and controls.
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If we cannot effectively manage international operations, our revenues may not increase and our business and results of operations would be harmed.
For the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, we recognized 13% and 15%, respectively, of our revenues outside North America. For the nine months ended September 30, 2005, we recognized 13% of our revenues outside North America. We anticipate that, for the foreseeable future, a significant part of our revenues will be derived from sources outside North America.
To date, the neutrality of our IBX centers and the variety of networks available to our customers has often been a competitive advantage for us. In certain of our acquired IBX centers, in Singapore in particular, the limited number of carriers available reduces that advantage. As a result, we may need to adapt our key revenue-generating services and pricing to be competitive in that market.
We may experience gains and losses resulting from fluctuations in foreign currency exchange rates. To date, the majority of our revenues and costs have been denominated in U.S. dollars; however, the majority of revenues and costs in our international operations have been denominated in Singapore dollars, Japanese yen and Australia and Hong Kong dollars. Although we have and may continue to undertake foreign exchange hedging transactions to reduce foreign currency transaction exposure, we do not currently intend to eliminate all foreign currency transaction exposure. Where our prices are denominated in U.S. dollars, our sales could be adversely affected by declines in foreign currencies relative to the U.S. dollar, thereby making our products more expensive in local currencies. Our international operations are generally subject to a number of additional risks, including:
| costs of customizing IBX centers for foreign countries; |
| protectionist laws and business practices favoring local competition; |
| greater difficulty or delay in accounts receivable collection; |
| difficulties in staffing and managing foreign operations; |
| political and economic instability; |
| ability to obtain, transfer, or maintain licenses required by governmental entities with respect to the combined business; and |
| compliance with evolving governmental regulation with which we have little experience. |
We are continuing to invest in our expansion efforts but may not have sufficient customer demand in the future to realize expected returns on these investments.
We are considering the acquisition or lease of additional properties, including construction of new IBX centers. We will be required to commit substantial operational and financial resources to these IBX centers, generally 12-18 months in advance of securing customer contracts, and we may not have sufficient customer demand in those markets to support these centers once they are built. In addition, unanticipated technological changes could affect customer requirements for data centers and we may not have built such requirements into our new IBX centers. Any of these contingencies, if they were to occur, could make it difficult for us to realize expected or reasonable returns on these investments.
We may make acquisitions, which pose integration and other risks that could harm our business.
We have recently acquired several new IBX centers, and we may seek to acquire additional IBX centers, real estate for development of new IBX centers, complementary businesses, products, services or technologies. As a result of these acquisitions, we may be required to incur additional debt and expenditures and issue additional shares of our common stock to pay for the acquired businesses, products, services or technologies, which will dilute our stockholders ownership interest and may delay, or prevent, our profitability. These acquisitions may also expose us to risks such as:
| the possibility that we may not be able to successfully integrate acquired businesses or achieve the level of quality in such businesses to which our customers are accustomed; |
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| the possibility that additional capital expenditures may be required; |
| the possibility that senior management may be required to spend considerable time negotiating agreements and integrating acquired businesses; |
| the possible loss or reduction in value of acquired businesses; |
| the possibility that our customers may not accept either the existing equipment infrastructure or the look-and-feel of a new or different IBX center; |
| the possibility that carriers may find it cost-prohibitive or impractical to bring fiber and networks into a new IBX center; |
| the possibility of preexisting undisclosed liabilities regarding the property or IBX center, including but not limited to environmental or asbestos liability, of which our insurance may be insufficient or for which we may be unable to secure insurance coverage; and |
| the possibility that the concentration of our IBX centers in the Silicon Valley may increase our exposure to seismic activity and that these facilities may be located on or near the fault zones for which we may not have adequate levels of earthquake insurance. |
We cannot assure you that the price for any future acquisitions will be similar to prior IBX acquisitions. In fact, we expect acquisition costs, including capital expenditures required to build or render new IBX centers operational, to increase in the future. If our revenue does not keep pace with these potential acquisition and expansion costs, we may not be able to maintain our current or expected margins as we absorb these additional expenses. There is no assurance we would successfully overcome these risks or any other problems encountered with these acquisitions.
The increased use of high power density equipment may limit our ability to fully utilize our IBX centers.
Customers are increasing their use of high density electrical power equipment, such as blade servers, in our IBX centers which has significantly increased the demand for power on a per cabinet basis. Because most of our centers were built several years ago, the current demand for electrical power may exceed our designed capacity in these facilities. As electrical power, not space, is typically the limiting factor in our IBX data centers, our ability to fully utilize our IBX centers may be limited in these facilities.
Our business could be harmed by prolonged electrical power outages or shortages, increased costs of energy or general availability of electrical resources.
Our IBX centers are susceptible to regional costs of power, electrical power shortages, planned or unplanned power outages such as those that occurred in California during 2001 and in the Northeast in 2003 or natural disasters such as the tornados in the U.S. East Coast in 2004, and limitations, especially internationally, on availability of adequate power resources. Power outages could harm our customers and our business. We attempt to limit exposure to system downtime by using backup generators and power supplies, however, we may not be able to limit our exposure entirely even with these protections in place, as was the case with power outages we experienced in our Chicago and Washington, D.C. metro area IBX centers in 2005. In addition, the overall power shortage in California has increased the cost of energy, which we may not be able to pass on to our customers.
In each of our markets, we rely on third parties to provide a sufficient amount of power for current and future customers. At the same time, power and cooling requirements are growing on a per unit basis. As a result, some customers are consuming an increasing amount of power per cabinet. We generally do not control the amount of electric power our customers draw from their installed circuits. This means that we could face power limitations in our centers. This could have a negative impact on the effective available capacity of a given center and limit our ability to grow our business, which could have a negative impact on our financial performance, operating results and cash flows.
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Increases in property taxes could adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our IBX centers are subject to state and local real property taxes. The state and local real property taxes on our IBX centers may increase as property tax rates change and as the value of the properties are assessed or reassessed by taxing authorities. Many state and local governments are facing budget deficits, which may cause them to increase assessments or taxes. If property taxes increase, our business, financial condition and operating results could be adversely affected.
We may be forced to take steps, and may be prevented from pursuing certain business opportunities, to ensure compliance with certain tax-related covenants agreed to by us in the combination agreement.
We agreed to a covenant in the combination agreement (which we refer to as the FIRPTA covenant) that we would use all commercially reasonable efforts to ensure that at all times from and after the closing of the combination, none of our capital stock issued to STT Communications would constitute United States real property interests within the meaning of Section 897(c) of the Code. Under Section 897(c) of the Code, our capital stock issued to STT Communications would generally constitute United States real property interests at such point in time that the fair market value of the United States real property interests owned by us equals or exceeds 50% of the sum of the aggregate fair market values of (a) our United States real property interests, (b) our interests in real property located outside the U.S., and (c) any other assets held by us which are used or held for use in our trade or business. Currently, the fair market value of our United States real property interests is significantly below the 50% threshold. However, in order to assure compliance with the FIRPTA covenant, we may be limited with respect to the business opportunities we may pursue, particularly if the business opportunities would increase the amounts of United States real property interests owned by us or decrease the amount of other assets owned by us. In addition, we may take proactive steps to avoid our capital stock being deemed United States real property interest, including, but not limited to, (a) a sale-leaseback transaction with respect to some or all of our real property interests, or (b) the formation of a holding company organized under the laws of the Republic of Singapore which would issue shares of its capital stock in exchange for all of our outstanding stock (this reorganization would require the submission of that transaction to our stockholders for their approval and the consummation of that exchange). We will take these actions only if such actions are commercially reasonable for us and our stockholders. We have entered into an agreement with STT Communications and its affiliate pursuant to which, and effective only upon the closing of any offering of our common stock under this prospectus supplement, we will no longer be bound by the FIRPTA covenant as of September 30, 2009. If we were to breach this covenant, we may be liable for damages to STT Communications.
If regulated materials are discovered at facilities leased or owned by us, we may be required to remove or clean-up such materials, the cost of which could be substantial.
We are subject to various environmental and health and safety laws and regulations, including those relating to the generation, storage, handling and disposal of hazardous substances and wastes. Certain of these laws and regulations also impose joint and several liability, without regard to fault, for investigation and cleanup costs on current and former owners and operators of real property and persons who have disposed of or released hazardous substances into the environment. Our operations involve the use of hazardous substances and materials such as petroleum fuel for emergency generators, as well as batteries, cleaning solutions and other materials. In addition, we lease, own or operate real property at which hazardous substances and regulated materials have been used in the past. At some of these locations, hazardous substances or regulated materials are known to be present in soil or groundwater and there may be additional unknown hazardous substances or regulated materials present at sites we own, operate or lease. To the extent any hazardous substances or any other substance or material must be cleaned up or removed from such property, we may be responsible under applicable laws, regulations or leases for the removal or cleanup of such substances or materials, the cost of which could be substantial. In addition, noncompliance with existing, or adoption of more stringent, environmental or health and safety laws and regulations or the discovery of previously unknown contamination could require us to incur costs or become the basis of new or increased liabilities that could be material.
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Our non-U.S. customers include numerous related parties of the selling stockholder.
We continue to have contractual and other business relationships and may engage in material transactions with affiliates of STT Communications. Circumstances may arise in which the interests of STT Communications affiliates may conflict with the interests of our other stockholders. In addition, entities affiliated with STT Communications make investments in various companies. They have invested in the past, and may invest in the future, in entities that compete with us. In the context of negotiating commercial arrangements with affiliates, conflicts of interest have arisen in the past and may arise, in this or other contexts, in the future. We cannot assure you that any conflicts of interest will be resolved in our favor.
We depend on a number of third parties to provide Internet connectivity to our IBX centers; if connectivity is interrupted or terminated, our operating results and cash flow could be materially adversely affected.
The presence of diverse telecommunications carriers fiber networks in our IBX centers is critical to our ability to retain and attract new customers. We are not a telecommunications carrier, and as such we rely on third parties to provide our customers with carrier services. We believe that the availability of carrier capacity will directly affect our ability to achieve our projected results. We rely primarily on revenue opportunities from the telecommunications carriers customers to encourage them to invest the capital and operating resources required to connect from their facilities to our IBX centers. Carriers will likely evaluate the revenue opportunity of an IBX center based on the assumption that the environment will be highly competitive. We cannot assure you that any carrier will elect to offer its services within our IBX centers or that once a carrier has decided to provide Internet connectivity to our IBX centers that it will continue to do so for any period of time. Further, many carriers are experiencing business difficulties or announcing consolidations. As a result, some carriers may be forced to downsize or terminate connectivity within our IBX centers which could have an adverse effect on our operating results.
Our new IBX centers require construction and operation of a sophisticated redundant fiber network. The construction required to connect multiple carrier facilities to our IBX centers is complex and involves factors outside of our control, including regulatory processes and the availability of construction resources. If the establishment of highly diverse Internet connectivity to our IBX centers does not occur, is materially delayed or is discontinued, or is subject to failure, our operating results and cash flow will be adversely affected. Any hardware or fiber failures on this network may result in significant loss of connectivity to our new IBX expansion centers. This could affect our ability to attract new customers to these IBX centers or retain existing customers.
Any failure of our physical infrastructure or services could lead to significant costs and disruptions that could reduce our revenue and harm our business reputation and financial results.
Our business depends on providing customers with highly reliable service. We must protect our customers IBX infrastructure and their equipment located in our IBX centers. We continue to acquire IBX centers not built by us. If these IBX centers and their infrastructure assets are not in the condition we believe them to be in, we may be required to incur substantial additional costs to repair or upgrade the facilities. The services we provide in each of our IBX centers are subject to failure resulting from numerous factors, including:
| human error; |
| physical or electronic security breaches; |
| fire, earthquake, flood and other natural disasters; |
| water damage; |
| fiber cuts; |
| power loss; |
| sabotage and vandalism; and |
| failure of business partners who provide our resale products. |
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Problems at one or more of our IBX centers, whether or not within our control, could result in service interruptions or significant equipment damage. We have service level commitment obligations to certain of our customers, including our significant customers. As a result, service interruptions or significant equipment damage in our IBX centers could result in difficulty maintaining service level commitments to these customers. For example, for the nine months ended September 30, 2005, we recorded $607,000 in service level credits to various customers associated with two separate power outages that affected our Chicago and Washington, D.C. metro area IBX centers. If we incur significant financial commitments to our customers in connection with a loss of power, or our failure to meet other service level commitment obligations, our liability insurance and revenue reserves may not be adequate. In addition, any loss of services, equipment damage or inability to meet our service level commitment obligations could reduce the confidence of our customers and could consequently impair our ability to obtain and retain customers, which would adversely affect both our ability to generate revenues and our operating results.
Furthermore, we are dependent upon Internet service providers, telecommunications carriers and other website operators in the U.S., Asia and elsewhere, some of which have experienced significant system failures and electrical outages in the past. Users of our services may in the future experience difficulties due to system failures unrelated to our systems and services. If for any reason, these providers fail to provide the required services, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be materially adversely impacted.
A portion of the managed services business we acquired in the combination involves the processing and storage of confidential customer information. Inappropriate use of those services could jeopardize the security of customers confidential information causing losses of data or financially impacting us or our customers and subjecting us to the risk of lawsuits. Efforts to alleviate problems caused by computer viruses or other inappropriate uses or security breaches may lead to interruptions, delays or cessation of our managed services.
There is no known prevention or defense against denial of service attacks. During a prolonged denial of service attack, Internet service may not be available for several hours, thus negatively impacting hosted customers on-line business transactions. Affected customers might file claims against us under such circumstances. Our property and liability insurance may not be adequate to cover these customer claims.
We resell products and services of third parties that may require us to pay for such products and services even if our customers fail to pay us for the products and services, which may have a negative impact on our operating results.
In order to provide resale services such as bandwidth, managed services and other network management services, we contract with third party service providers. These services require us to enter into fixed term contracts for services with third party suppliers of products and services. If we experience the loss of a customer who has purchased a resale product, we will remain obligated to continue to pay our suppliers for the term of the underlying contracts. The payment of these obligations without a corresponding payment from customers will reduce our financial resources and may have a material adverse affect on our financial performance and operating results.
IBM accounts for a significant portion of our revenues, and the loss of IBM as a customer could significantly harm our business, financial condition and results of operations.
For the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, IBM accounted for 11% and 13%, respectively, of our revenues. We expect that IBM will continue to account for a significant portion of our revenue for the foreseeable future. Although the term of our IBM contract runs through 2009, IBM currently has the right to reduce its commitment to us pursuant to the terms and requirements of its customer agreement. If we lose IBM as a customer or if it significantly reduces the level of its commitment, our business, financial condition and results of operations could be adversely affected.
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We may not be able to compete successfully against current and future competitors.
Our IBX centers and other products and services must be able to differentiate themselves from those of other providers of space and services for telecommunications companies, web hosting companies and other colocation providers. In addition to competing with neutral colocation providers, we must compete with traditional colocation providers, including local phone companies, long distance phone companies, Internet service providers and web hosting facilities. Similarly, with respect to our other products and services, including managed services, bandwidth services and security services, we must compete with more established providers of similar services. Most of these companies have longer operating histories and significantly greater financial, technical, marketing and other resources than us.
Because of their greater financial resources, some of our competitors have the ability to adopt aggressive pricing policies, especially if they have been able to restructure their debt or other obligations. As a result, in the future, we may suffer from pricing pressure that would adversely affect our ability to generate revenues and adversely affect our operating results. In addition, these competitors could offer colocation on neutral terms, and may start doing so in the same metropolitan areas in which we have IBX centers. Some of these competitors may also provide our target customers with additional benefits, including bundled communication services, and may do so in a manner that is more attractive to our potential customers than obtaining space in our IBX centers. If these competitors were able to adopt aggressive pricing policies together with offering colocation space, our ability to generate revenues would be materially adversely affected.
We may also face competition from persons seeking to replicate our IBX concept by building new centers or converting existing centers that some of our competitors are in the process of divesting. We may experience competition from our landlords in this regard. Rather than leasing available space in our buildings to large single tenants, they may decide to convert the space instead to smaller square foot units designed for multi-tenant colocation use. Landlords may enjoy a cost effective advantage in providing services similar to those provided by our IBXs, and this could also reduce the amount of space available to us for expansion in the future. Competitors may operate more successfully or form alliances to acquire significant market share. Furthermore, enterprises that have already invested substantial resources in outsourcing arrangements may be reluctant or slow to replace, limit or compete with their existing systems by becoming a customer. In addition, other companies may be able to attract the same potential customers that we are targeting. Once customers are located in competitors facilities, it may be extremely difficult to convince them to relocate to our IBX centers.
Because we depend on the retention of key employees, failure to maintain stock option incentives may be disruptive to our business.
Our success in retaining key employees and discouraging them from moving to a competitor is an important factor in our ability to remain competitive. As is common in our industry, our employees are typically compensated through grants of stock options in addition to their regular salaries. We occasionally grant new stock options to employees as an incentive to remain with the company. To the extent we are unable to adequately maintain these stock option incentives due to stock option expensing or otherwise, and should employees decide to leave the company, this may be disruptive to our business and may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Because we depend on the development and growth of a balanced customer base, failure to attract and retain this base of customers could harm our business and operating results.
Our ability to maximize revenues depends on our ability to develop and grow a balanced customer base, consisting of a variety of companies, including network service providers, site and performance management companies, and enterprise and content companies. The more balanced the customer base within each IBX center, the better we will be able to generate significant interconnection revenues, which in turn increases our overall revenues. Our ability to attract customers to our IBX centers will depend on a variety of factors, including the presence of multiple carriers, the mix of products and services offered by us, the overall mix of customers, the IBX centers operating reliability and security and our ability to effectively market our services. In addition,
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some of our customers are, and are likely to continue to be, Internet companies that face many competitive pressures and that may not ultimately be successful. If these customers do not succeed, they will not continue to use the IBX centers. This may be disruptive to our business and may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
Our products and services have a long sales cycle that may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
A customers decision to license cabinet space in one of our IBX centers and to purchase additional services typically involves a significant commitment of resources. In addition, some customers will be reluctant to commit to locating in our IBX centers until they are confident that the IBX center has adequate carrier connections. As a result, we have a long sales cycle. Furthermore, we may expend significant time and resources in pursuing a particular sale or customer that does not result in revenue. Delays due to the length of our sales cycle may materially adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.
We are subject to securities class action litigation, which may harm our business and results of operations.
In the past, securities class action litigation has often been brought against a company following periods of volatility in the market price of its securities. During the quarter ended September 30, 2001, putative shareholder class action lawsuits were filed against us, a number of our officers and directors, and several investment banks that were underwriters of our initial public offering. The suits allege that the underwriter defendants agreed to allocate stock in our initial public offering to certain investors in exchange for excessive and undisclosed commissions and agreements by those investors to make additional purchases in the aftermarket at pre-determined prices. Plaintiffs allege that the prospectus for our initial public offering was false and misleading and in violation of the securities laws because it did not disclose these arrangements. In July 2003, a special litigation committee of our board of directors agreed to participate in a settlement with the plaintiffs. The settlement agreement, as amended, is subject to court approval and sufficient participation by defendants in similar actions. If the proposed settlement, as amended, is not approved by the court or a sufficient number of defendants do not participate in the settlement, the defense of this litigation may continue and therefore increase our expenses and divert managements attention and resources. An adverse outcome in this litigation could seriously harm our business and results of operations. In addition, we may, in the future, be subject to other securities class action or similar litigation.
Risks Related to Our Industry
If the use of the Internet and electronic business does not grow, our revenues may not grow.
Acceptance and use of the Internet may not continue to develop at historical rates and a sufficiently broad base of consumers may not adopt or continue to use the Internet and other online services as a medium of commerce. Demand for Internet services and products are subject to a high level of uncertainty and are subject to significant pricing pressure, especially in Asia-Pacific. As a result, we cannot be certain that a viable market for our IBX centers will materialize. If the market for our IBX centers grows more slowly than we currently anticipate, our revenues may not grow and our operating results could suffer.
Government regulation may adversely affect the use of the Internet and our business.
Various laws and governmental regulations governing Internet related services, related communications services and information technologies, and electronic commerce remain largely unsettled, even in areas where there has been some legislative action. This is true both in the U.S. and the various foreign countries in which we operate. It may take years to determine whether and how existing laws, such as those governing intellectual property, privacy, libel, telecommunications services, and taxation, apply to the Internet and to related services such as ours. We have limited experience with such international regulatory issues and substantial resources may be required to comply with regulations or bring any non-compliant business practices into compliance with such
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regulations. In addition, the development of the market for online commerce and the displacement of traditional telephony service by the Internet and related communications services may prompt an increased call for more stringent consumer protection laws or other regulation both in the U.S. and abroad that may impose additional burdens on companies conducting business online and their service providers. The compliance with, adoption or modification of, laws or regulations relating to the Internet, or interpretations of existing laws, could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operation.
Industry consolidation may have a negative impact on our business model.
The telecommunications industry is currently undergoing consolidation. As customers combine businesses, they may require less colocation space, and there may be fewer networks available to choose from. Given the competitive and evolving nature of this industry, further consolidation of our customers and/or our competitors may present a risk to our network neutral business model and have a negative impact on our revenues. In addition, increased utilization levels industry-wide could lead to a reduced amount of attractive expansion opportunities available to us.
Terrorist activity throughout the world and military action to counter terrorism could adversely impact our business.
The September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks in the U.S., the ensuing declaration of war on terrorism and the continued threat of terrorist activity and other acts of war or hostility appear to be having an adverse effect on business, financial and general economic conditions internationally. These effects may, in turn, increase our costs due to the need to provide enhanced security, which would have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. These circumstances may also adversely affect our ability to attract and retain customers, our ability to raise capital and the operation and maintenance of our IBX centers. We may not have adequate property and liability insurance to cover catastrophic events or attacks.
Risks Related to the Offering
If the market price of our stock continues to be highly volatile, the value of an investment in our common stock may decline.
Since January 1, 2005, our common stock has traded between $31.39 and $46.39 per share. The market price of the shares of our common stock has been and may continue to be highly volatile. Actual sales, or the markets perception with respect to possible sales, of a substantial number of shares of our common stock within a narrow period of time could cause our stock price to fall. Announcements by us or others may also have a significant impact on the market price of our common stock. These announcements may include:
| our operating results; |
| new issuances of equity, debt or convertible debt; |
| developments in our relationships with corporate customers; |
| announcements by our customers or competitors; |
| announcements with respect to the intentions of STT Communications, our principal stockholder, with respect to its holdings of our common stock; |
| changes in regulatory policy or interpretation; |
| changes in the ratings of our stock by securities analysts; |
| purchase or development of real estate and/or additional IBX centers; |
| announcements with respect to the operational performance of our IBX centers; |
| market conditions for telecommunications stocks in general; and |
| general economic and market conditions. |
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The stock market has from time to time experienced extreme price and volume fluctuations, which have particularly affected the market prices for emerging telecommunications companies, and which have often been unrelated to their operating performance. These broad market fluctuations may adversely affect the market price of our common stock.
A significant number of shares of our capital stock have been issued during 2002, 2003, 2004 and 2005 and may be sold in the market in the near future. This could cause the market price of our common stock to drop significantly, even if our business is doing well.
We issued a large number of shares of our capital stock to the former Pihana stockholders, STT Communications, and holders of our senior notes in connection with the combination, financing and senior note exchange, to Crosslink Capital, Inc. and its affiliates (collectively, Crosslink) in connection with Crosslinks purchase of our Series A-2 Convertible Secured Notes, and to the public and STT Communications in connection with our follow-on equity offering in late 2003. The shares of common stock issued in the senior note exchange are currently freely tradable. The shares of common stock issued in connection with the combination have been registered for resale as of June 30, 2003, the shares of common stock issued upon exercise of the warrants issued in connection with the Crosslink financing have been registered for resale as of September 22, 2003 and the shares of common stock issued upon conversion of the convertible secured notes issued in the Crosslink financing have been registered for resale as of July 30, 2004. The shares sold to the public and STT Communications in connection with our follow-on equity offering in November 2003 are freely tradable by the public, subject, in the case of STT Communications, to compliance with Rule 144 resale restrictions applicable to affiliates. In February 2004, we issued $86,250,000 in aggregate principal amount of 2.5% Convertible Subordinated Debentures due 2024. These debentures are convertible into 2,183,548 shares of our common stock. Holders of these debentures may convert their debentures into shares of our common stock during any calendar quarter if the sale price of our common stock is greater than or equal to 120% of the conversion price per share of our common stock for 20 out of any 30 consecutive trading days or if the trading price of our debentures falls below specified prices. In January 2005, 95% of STT Communications outstanding convertible secured notes and associated interest were converted into shares of our non-voting series A-1 preferred stock. In February 2005, STT Communications elected to convert all of the shares of series A-1 preferred stock into 4.1 million shares of our common stock. Sales or distributions of all or a significant portion of these shares of our common stock could reduce the market price of our common stock.
An offering of these shares and the related transactions may affect the market for our common stock for some period of time.
The shares being offered pursuant to this prospectus supplement and in the concurrent offering represent a substantial portion of our outstanding common stock and will substantially increase the number of publicly traded shares of our common stock. No prediction can be made about the effect, if any, of this offering on the market price for our common stock. Sales or distributions of substantial amounts of our common stock, or the perception that such sales or distributions may occur, could adversely affect prevailing market prices for our common stock.
STT Communications holds a substantial portion of our stock and has significant influence over matters requiring stockholder consent.
Although STT Communications intends to sell substantially all of its holdings of our common stock in this offering and the concurrent offering, it will continue to beneficially own and vote the shares of our common stock (i) pledged to secure the forward purchase agreement, which will represent approximately 16% of our outstanding shares of common stock, (ii) not sold in this offering or the concurrent offering or (iii) not delivered in connection with the settlement of the forward purchase agreement related to the concurrent offering. STT Communications is not prohibited from buying shares of our common stock in public or private transactions. As a result, STT Communications will continue to be able to exercise significant control over all matters requiring stockholder approval, including the election of directors and approval of significant corporate transactions, which could prevent or delay a third party from acquiring or merging with us.
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This prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus, and the documents incorporated by reference, contain forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Such statements are based upon current expectations that involve risks and uncertainties. Any such statements that are not statements of historical fact may be deemed to be forward-looking statements. For example, the words believes, anticipates, plans, expects, intends and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Our actual results and the timing of certain events may differ significantly from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause such a discrepancy include, but are not limited to, those discussed in Risk Factors and Liquidity and Capital Resources located elsewhere in this prospectus supplement. All forward-looking statements in this document are based on information available to us as of the date hereof and we assume no obligation to update any such forward-looking statements. You should carefully consider the risks described in the Risk Factors section, in addition to the other information set forth in this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and the documents incorporated by reference in the accompanying prospectus, before making an investment decision.
All net proceeds from the sale of our common stock will go to the selling stockholder.
We have never declared or paid any cash dividends on our common stock and we do not anticipate paying cash dividends in the foreseeable future. We currently intend to retain our earnings, if any, for future growth. Future dividends on our common stock, if any, will be at the discretion of our board of directors and will depend on, among other things, our operations, capital requirements and surplus, general financial condition, contractual restrictions and such other factors as our board of directors may deem relevant. Our ability to pay cash dividends is limited under our line of credit with Silicon Valley Bank, such that, without the prior written consent of Silicon Valley Bank, the aggregate amount of any cash dividends may not exceed 25% of our assets.
S-20
Our common stock is quoted on The Nasdaq National Market under the symbol of EQIX. Our common stock began trading in August 2000. The following table sets forth on a per share basis the high and low closing sale prices for our common stock as reported on The Nasdaq National Market during the periods indicated below.
Price Range of Common Stock | ||||||
Period |
High |
Low | ||||
2003 |
||||||
First Quarter |
$ | 7.70 | $ | 2.95 | ||
Second Quarter |
10.40 | 2.90 | ||||
Third Quarter |
23.37 | 8.03 | ||||
Fourth Quarter |
28.25 | 17.04 | ||||
2004 |
||||||
First Quarter |
$ | 36.87 | $ | 26.49 | ||
Second Quarter |
35.84 | 27.86 | ||||
Third Quarter |
33.52 | 26.59 | ||||
Fourth Quarter |
43.10 | 31.44 | ||||
2005 |
||||||
First Quarter |
$ | 46.27 | $ | 40.67 | ||
Second Quarter |
44.11 | 31.61 | ||||
Third Quarter |
45.09 | 38.28 | ||||
Fourth Quarter (through November 9, 2005) |
41.74 | 35.31 |
The closing sale price of our common stock on The Nasdaq National Market on November 9, 2005, was $35.64 per share. As of September 30, 2005, there were 442 registered holders of our common stock.
S-21
The following unaudited table sets forth our capitalization as of September 30, 2005 on both:
| an actual basis; and |
| a pro forma as adjusted basis to reflect the conversion into common stock of various instruments held by the selling stockholder as if they had been converted on September 30, 2005, including (i) 1,868,667 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of outstanding shares of series A preferred stock; (ii) 237,309 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of $2,058,000 of outstanding convertible secured notes (presented net of discount as $1,962,000 below) plus $120,000 of accrued but unpaid interest through September 30, 2005 (there are also $12,000 of unamortized debt issuance costs as of September 30, 2005 associated with these convertible secured notes) and (iii) 965,674 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of an outstanding series A-1 preferred stock warrant and conversion of the series A-1 preferred stock issuable thereunder into shares of common stock (this warrant has an exercise price of $0.01 per share, which resulted in cash proceeds to us of approximately $10,000 upon exercise). Approximately $30,000 in additional interest accrued with respect to the convertible secured notes through their conversion which took place on November 7, 2005 and resulted in 3,269 additional shares of common stock being issued. This additional accrued interest is not reflected in the Pro Forma As Adjusted column. As described on page S-6, all such instruments were ultimately converted into common stock by the selling stockholder on November 9, 2005. |
Please read the capitalization table provided below together with the sections of this prospectus supplement entitled Selected Consolidated Financial Data and Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations and the financial statements included elsewhere in this prospectus supplement.
As of September 30, 2005 |
||||||||
Actual |
Pro Forma As Adjusted(1) |
|||||||
(dollars in thousands, except per share data) |
||||||||
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term and long-term investments |
$ | 108,290 | $ | 108,300 | ||||
Current portion of debt facility and capital lease obligation |
$ | 955 | $ | 955 | ||||
Long-term debt, net of current portion: |
||||||||
Debt facility and capital lease obligation |
$ | 48,748 | $ | 48,748 | ||||
Convertible secured notes (2) |
1,962 | | ||||||
Convertible subordinated debentures (3) |
86,250 | 86,250 | ||||||
Total long-term debt |
136,960 | 134,998 | ||||||
Stockholders equity: |
||||||||
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value per share; 100,000,000 shares authorized actual and pro forma as adjusted; 1,868,667 shares issued and outstanding actual; zero shares issued and outstanding pro forma as adjusted (4) |
2 | | ||||||
Common stock, $0.001 par value per share; 300,000,000 shares authorized actual and pro forma as adjusted; 24,188,739 shares issued and outstanding actual; and 27,260,389 shares issued and outstanding pro forma as adjusted (5)(6) |
24 | 27 | ||||||
Additional paid-in capital |
836,108 | 838,187 | ||||||
Deferred stock-based compensation |
(7,458 | ) | (7,458 | ) | ||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income |
843 | 843 | ||||||
Accumulated deficit |
(514,443 | ) | (514,443 | ) | ||||
Total stockholders equity |
315,076 | 317,156 | ||||||
Total capitalization (excludes current portion of long-term debt) |
$ | 452,036 | $ | 452,154 | ||||
S-22
(1) | The pro forma as adjusted column does not reflect any of the recent developments discussed on pages S-3 and S-4 of this prospectus supplement including: (i) the Los Angeles sale-leaseback transaction, (ii) the Ashburn IBX property acquisition and the Ashburn campus financing, (iii) the San Jose ground lease termination and (iv) the $30.0 million drawdown from our $50.0 million Silicon Valley Bank revolving credit line. |
(2) | Convertible secured notes are convertible into 224,229 shares of common and preferred stock as of September 30, 2005 (237,309 shares including accrued and unpaid interest through September 30, 2005). |
(3) | Convertible subordinated debentures are convertible into 2,183,548 shares of common stock as of September 30, 2005. |
(4) | Excludes 965,674 shares of preferred stock issuable upon the exercise of an outstanding warrant held by the selling stockholder on an actual basis as of September 30, 2005. All shares of preferred stock are convertible into shares of common stock on a one for one basis. |
(5) | Excludes on an actual basis as of September 30, 2005, 4,482,973 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of outstanding options and unvested restricted stock, 152,359 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of outstanding common stock warrants, 2,183,548 shares reserved for the conversion of the convertible subordinated debentures, 224,229 shares reserved for the conversion of convertible secured notes (237,309 shares including accrued and unpaid interest through September 30, 2005) and 2,834,341 shares reserved for the conversion of issued and outstanding preferred stock and a preferred stock warrant. |
(6) | Excludes on a pro forma as adjusted basis as of September 30, 2005, 4,482,973 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of outstanding options and unvested restricted stock, 152,359 shares of common stock issuable upon the exercise of outstanding common stock warrants and 2,183,548 shares reserved for the conversion of the convertible subordinated debentures. |
S-23
SELECTED CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL DATA
The following statement of operations data for the years ended December 31, 2000 to 2004 are derived from our audited consolidated financial statements and the related notes to the financial statements. The statement of operations data for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 and 2005 and balance sheet as of September 30, 2005 are derived from our unaudited condensed interim consolidated financial statements, which in the opinion of management, include all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, which we consider necessary for a fair presentation of our financial position and results of operations for this period. Our historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results to be expected for the full year or future periods and results for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 are not necessarily indicative of results to be expected for the full year. The following selected financial data should be read in conjunction with our consolidated financial statements and the related notes, Capitalization and Managements Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations located elsewhere in this prospectus supplement.
Years ended December 31, |
Nine months ended September 30, |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
2004 |
2005 |
||||||||||||||||||||||
(in thousands, except per share data) | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Statement of Operations Data: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues |
$ | 13,016 | $ | 63,414 | $ | 77,188 | $ | 117,942 | $ | 163,671 | $ | 118,682 | $ | 159,259 | ||||||||||||||
Costs and operating expenses: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of revenues |
43,401 | 94,889 | 104,073 | 128,121 | 136,950 | 102,245 | 116,639 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Sales and marketing |
20,139 | 16,935 | 15,247 | 19,483 | 18,604 | 13,498 | 14,793 | |||||||||||||||||||||
General and administrative |
56,585 | 58,286 | 30,659 | 34,293 | 32,494 | 24,544 | 33,594 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Restructuring charges |
| 48,565 | 28,885 | | 17,685 | | | |||||||||||||||||||||
Total costs and operating expenses |
120,125 | 218,675 | 178,864 | 181,897 | 205,733 | 140,287 | 165,026 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Loss from operations |
(107,109 | ) | (155,261 | ) | (101,676 | ) | (63,955 | ) | (42,062 | ) | (21,605 | ) | (5,767 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Interest income |
16,430 | 10,656 | 998 | 296 | 1,291 | 819 | 2,644 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
(29,111 | ) | (43,810 | ) | (35,098 | ) | (20,512 | ) | (11,496 | ) | (8,765 | ) | (6,332 | ) | ||||||||||||||
Gain (loss) on debt extinguishment and conversion |
| | 114,158 | | (16,211 | ) | (16,211 | ) | | |||||||||||||||||||
Income taxes |
| | | | (153 | ) | (200 | ) | (553 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||
Net loss |
$ | (119,790 | ) | $ | (188,415 | ) | $ | (21,618 | ) | $ | (84,171 | ) | $ | (68,631 | ) | $ | (45,962 | ) | $ | (10,008 | ) | |||||||
Net loss per share: |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Basic and diluted |
$ | (111.23 | ) | $ | (76.62 | ) | $ | (7.23 | ) | $ | (8.76 | ) | $ | (3.87 | ) | $ | (2.65 | ) | $ | (0.43 | ) | |||||||
Weighted average shares |
1,077 | 2,459 | 2,990 | 9,604 | 17,719 | 17,370 | 23,335 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Pro forma net loss per share (unaudited) (1): |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Basic and diluted |
$ | (2.82 | ) | $ | (0.38 | ) | ||||||||||||||||||||||
Weighted average shares |
24,300 | 26,263 | ||||||||||||||||||||||||||
(1) | Pro forma net loss per share reflects the conversion of the following instruments held by the selling stockholder that were convertible into common stock as if they had been converted on January 1, 2004: (i) 1,868,667 shares of common stock upon conversion of outstanding shares of series A preferred stock, (ii) 3,746,167 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion of $33,598,000 of the selling stockholders convertible secured notes plus $784,000 of accrued but unpaid interest that were outstanding as of December 31, 2003 (because the selling stockholder converted 95% of its outstanding convertible secured notes and associated interest during the quarter ended March 31, 2005, for purposes of the pro forma net loss per share amount for the nine months ended September 30, 2005, only 93,117 shares were added to the weighted average shares outstanding for that period) and (iii) 965,674 shares of common stock issuable upon exercise of an outstanding series A-1 preferred stock warrant and conversion of the series A-1 preferred stock issuable thereunder into shares of common stock. As described on page S-6, all such instruments were ultimately converted into common stock by the selling stockholder on November 9, 2005. |
S-24
As of December 31, |
As of September 30, 2005 | |||||||||||||||||
2000 |
2001 |
2002 |
2003 |
2004 |
||||||||||||||
(dollars in thousands) | ||||||||||||||||||
Balance Sheet Data: |
||||||||||||||||||
Cash, cash equivalents and short-term and long-term investments |
$ | 207,210 | $ | 87,721 | $ | 41,216 | $ | 72,971 | $ | 108,092 | $ | 108,290 | ||||||
Accounts receivable, net |
4,925 | 6,909 | 9,152 | 10,178 | 11,919 | 16,199 | ||||||||||||
Restricted cash and short-term investments |
36,855 | 28,044 | 4,407 | 1,835 | 84 | 82 | ||||||||||||
Property and equipment, net |
315,380 | 325,226 | 390,048 | 343,554 | 343,361 | 371,005 | ||||||||||||
Construction in progress |
94,894 | 103,691 | | | | | ||||||||||||
Total assets |
683,485 | 575,054 | 492,003 | 464,532 | 501,798 | 533,380 | ||||||||||||
Debt facilities and capital lease obligations, less current portion |
6,506 | 6,344 | 3,633 | 723 | 34,529 | 48,748 | ||||||||||||
Credit facility, less current portion |
| 105,000 | 89,529 | 22,281 | | | ||||||||||||
Senior notes |
185,908 | 187,882 | 28,908 | 29,220 | | | ||||||||||||
Convertible secured notes |
| | 25,354 | 31,683 | 35,824 | 1,962 | ||||||||||||
Convertible subordinated debentures |
| | | | 86,250 | 86,250 | ||||||||||||
Total stockholders equity |
375,116 | 203,521 | 284,194 | 320,077 | 273,706 | 315,076 |
S-25
MANAGEMENTS DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS
OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS
The information in this discussion contains forward-looking statements within the meaning of Section 27A of the Securities Act of 1933, as amended, and Section 21E of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended. Such statements are based upon current expectations that involve risks and uncertainties. Any statements contained herein that are not statements of historical fact may be deemed to be forward-looking statements. For example, the words believes, anticipates, plans, expects, intends and similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements. Our actual results and the timing of certain events may differ significantly from the results discussed in the forward-looking statements. Factors that might cause such a discrepancy include, but are not limited to, those discussed in Risk Factors and Liquidity and Capital Resources located elsewhere in this prospectus supplement. All forward-looking statements in this document are based on information available to us as of the date hereof and we assume no obligation to update any such forward-looking statements.
Overview
Equinix provides network neutral colocation, interconnection and managed services to enterprises, content companies and systems integrators and the worlds largest network providers. Through our IBX centers in eleven markets in the U.S. and Asia-Pacific, customers can directly interconnect with each other for critical traffic exchange requirements. As of September 30, 2005, we had announced IBX centers totaling an aggregate of approximately 1.7 million gross square feet in the Chicago, Dallas, Honolulu, Los Angeles, New York, Silicon Valley and Washington, D.C. areas in the United States and Hong Kong, Singapore, Sydney and Tokyo in the Asia-Pacific region.
Direct interconnection to our aggregation of networks, which serve more than 90% of the worlds Internet routes, allows our customers to increase performance while significantly reducing costs. Based on our network neutral model and the quality of our IBX centers, we believe we have established a critical mass of customers. As more customers locate in our IBX centers, it benefits their suppliers and business partners to do so as well to gain the full economic and performance benefits of direct interconnection. These partners, in turn, pull in their business partners, creating a network effect of customer adoption. Our interconnection services enable scalable, reliable and cost-effective interconnection and traffic exchange thus lowering overall cost and increasing flexibility. Our focused business model is based on our critical mass of customers and the resulting network effect. This critical mass and the resulting network effect, combined with our strong financial position, continue to drive new customer growth and bookings.
Historically, our market has been served by large telecommunications carriers who have bundled their telecommunication products and services with their colocation offerings. A number of these telecommunications carriers have recently eliminated or reduced their colocation footprint to focus on their core businesses. In 2003, one major telecommunications company, Sprint, announced its plans to exit the colocation and hosting market in order to focus on its service offerings, while another telecommunications company, Cable & Wireless Plc, sold its U.S. assets to another telecommunications company, Savvis Communications Corp, in a bankruptcy auction. In 2005, other providers, such as Abovenet and Verio, have selectively sold off their colocation centers. Each of these colocation providers owns and operates a network. We do not own or operate a network, yet have greater than 200 networks operating out of our IBX centers. As a result, we are able to offer our customers a substantial choice of networks given our network neutrality thereby allowing our customers to choose from numerous network service providers. We believe this is a distinct and sustainable competitive advantage, especially when the telecommunications industry is experiencing many business challenges and changes as evidenced by the numerous bankruptcies and consolidations within this industry during the past several years. Furthermore, this industry consolidation has constrained the supply of suitable data center space and has had a stabilizing effect on industry pricing.
S-26
Strategically, we will continue to look at attractive opportunities to grow our market share and selectively improve our footprint and service offerings, such as our acquisition of the Sprint property in Santa Clara in December 2003, our 2004 expansions in the Washington, D.C. and Silicon Valley metro area markets and our 2005 expansions in the Silicon Valley, Chicago and Los Angeles metro area markets. However, we will continue to be very selective with any similar opportunity. As was the case with these recent expansions in the Washington, D.C., Silicon Valley, Chicago and Los Angeles area markets, the criteria will be dependent on demand from new and existing customers, quality of the design, power capacity, access to networks, capacity availability in current market location, amount of incremental investment required by us in the targeted property, lead-time to breakeven and in-place customers. Like our recent expansions, the right combination of these factors may be attractive for us. Dependent on the particular deal, these acquisitions may require upfront cash payments and additional capital expenditures or may be funded through long-term financing arrangements in order to bring these centers up to Equinix standard. Property expansion may be in the form of a purchase of real property, as was the case with our recent Los Angeles IBX acquisition, or a long-term leasing arrangement.
In addition to our successful strategy of acquiring previously or partially built-out centers, we will also consider the possibility of new construction in selective markets where the inventory for high quality data centers is limited. Decisions to build will consider factors such as customer demand, market pricing and the financial returns associated with the construction. Future purchases or construction would likely be completed with partners or potential customers to minimize the outlay of cash.
Recent Developments
During the nine months ended September 30, 2005, the following significant events occurred:
| In January 2005, we converted $38.0 million, or 95%, of the outstanding convertible secured notes and unpaid interest, held by STT Communications, into 4.1 million shares of our preferred stock, which was subsequently converted into 4.1 million shares of our common stock in February 2005. We refer to this transaction as the STT convertible secured notes conversion. |
| In February 2005, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors approved the issuance of 320,500 shares of restricted shares of common stock to executive officers. On the date of grant of the restricted shares in February 2005, we recorded a $14.4 million deferred stock-based compensation charge. |
| In June 2005, we entered into a 15 year lease for a 120,000 square foot data center in the Silicon Valley area. We refer to this transaction as the Sunnyvale IBX acquisition. Payments under this lease total $45.3 million. |
| In July 2005, we entered into (i) a 10 year sublease of a 107,000 square foot data center in the Chicago metro area and (ii) an asset purchase agreement to purchase the IBX plant and machinery assets located within this new IBX center from Verio. We refer to this transaction as the Chicago IBX acquisition. Payments due to Verio under the sublease and the asset purchase total $25.2 million. |
| In September 2005, we purchased a 107,000 square foot data center in the Los Angeles metro area for $34.7 million, which is comprised of the building, building improvements and land. We refer to this transaction as the Los Angeles IBX acquisition. In October 2005, we entered into a purchase and sale agreement to sell the Los Angeles IBX data center for $38.7 million and to lease it back from the purchaser pursuant to a long-term lease. We refer to this transaction as the Los Angeles IBX sale-leaseback transaction. The Los Angeles IBX sale-leaseback transaction is expected to close before the end of 2005. |
| In September 2005, we entered into a $50.0 million revolving line of credit agreement with Silicon Valley Bank, replacing the previously outstanding $25.0 million line of credit arrangement with the |
S-27
same bank. The new $50.0 million Silicon Valley Bank revolving credit line has a three-year commitment, which enables us to borrow, repay and re-borrow the full amount, up to September 15, 2008. We refer to this transaction as the $50.0 million Silicon Valley Bank revolving credit line. |
In October 2005, we purchased an office/warehouse complex known as the Beaumeade Business Park located in Ashburn, Virginia, which we refer to as the Ashburn campus. We purchased the entire 32.6-acre Ashburn campus containing six buildings with approximately 462,000 rentable square feet that is approximately 95% leased. We refer to this transaction as the Ashburn IBX property acquisition. We currently occupy approximately 269,000 square feet within three of the buildings. Payments due under the Ashburn IBX property acquisition total $53.0 million plus closing costs, which the Company paid for in full in October 2005. We will continue to operate our existing data centers within the Ashburn campus. We intend to sell those buildings that will not be used for our current operations or expansion plans. In addition, we have entered into a non-binding letter of intent to finance the Ashburn campus with a $60.0 million, 8% mortgage to be amortized over 20 years. We refer to this transaction as the Ashburn campus financing. The Ashburn campus financing is subject to the completion of definitive agreements, and although there is no assurance that the definitive agreements will be completed, we currently expect the Ashburn campus financing to close before the end of 2005.
In October 2005, we elected to draw down a portion of the $50.0 million Silicon Valley Bank revolving credit line. We elected to borrow $30.0 million at a one-month LIBOR interest rate, inclusive of the applicable margin, of 5.72% per annum, which we refer to as the $30.0 million drawdown. The $30.0 million drawdown was used to fund a portion of the purchase of the Ashburn IBX property acquisition. On November 17, 2005 we may elect to either repay all or a portion of the $30.0 million drawdown, or convert the $30.0 million drawdown into a new borrowing at either the then applicable one, three or six month LIBOR rate plus an applicable margin or at the prime rate. Borrowings under the $50.0 million Silicon Valley Bank revolving credit line may be borrowed, repaid and reborrowed at a later date up to the final maturity date of the $50.0 million Silicon Valley Bank revolving credit line, which is September 16, 2008. As of October 31, 2005, in addition to the $30.0 million drawdown described above, we had utilized $5.2 million of the credit line through the issuance of letters of credit, and, as a result, we had $14.8 million remaining available for borrowing under the $50.0 million Silicon Valley Bank revolving credit line.
In October 2005, we announced that we have entered into a non-binding letter of intent for the early termination of our 39 acre San Jose ground lease whereby we will pay $40.0 million over the next four years, commencing January 1, 2006, to terminate this lease, which would otherwise require significantly higher cumulative lease payments through 2020. We refer to this transaction as the San Jose ground lease termination. As a result of the San Jose ground lease termination, we expect to incur a significant restructuring charge in the fourth quarter of 2005. The San Jose ground lease termination is subject to the completion of definitive agreements, and although there is no assurance that the definitive agreements will be completed, the Company currently expects the San Jose ground lease termination to close before the end of 2005.
Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates
The preparation of our financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenues and expenses during the reporting period. On an on-going basis, management evaluates its estimates and judgments. Management bases its estimates and judgments on historical experience and on various other factors that are believed to be reasonable under the circumstances, the results of which form the basis for making judgments about the carrying values of assets and liabilities that are not readily apparent from other sources. Actual results may differ from these estimates under different assumptions or conditions.
Management believes the following critical accounting policies, among others, affect its more significant judgments and estimates used in the preparation of its consolidated financial statements:
| Revenue recognition and allowance for doubtful accounts; |
S-28
| Accounting for income taxes; |
| Estimated and contingent liabilities; |
| Accounting for property and equipment; |
| Impairment of long-lived assets, including goodwill; |
| Accounting for leases and IBX acquisitions; |
| Accounting for restructuring charges; and |
| Accounting for stock-based compensation. |
Revenue Recognition and Allowance for Doubtful Accounts. We derive more than 90% of our revenues from recurring revenue streams, consisting primarily of (1) colocation services, such as from the licensing of cabinet space and power; (2) interconnection services, such as cross connects and Gigabit Ethernet ports to connect customers within our facilities and (3) managed infrastructure services, such as Equinix Direct, bandwidth and other e-business services such as mail service and managed platform solutions. The remainder of our revenues are from non-recurring revenue streams, such as from the recognized portion of deferred installation revenues, professional services, contract settlements and equipment sales. Revenues from recurring revenue streams are billed monthly and recognized ratably over the term of the contract, generally one to three years. Fees for the provision of e-business services are recognized progressively as the services are rendered in accordance with the contract terms, except where the future costs cannot be estimated reliably, in which case fees are recognized upon the completion of services. Non-recurring installation fees, although generally paid in a lump sum upon installation, are deferred and recognized ratably over the term of the related contract or expected customer relationship. Professional service fees are recognized in the period in which the services were provided and represent the culmination of the earnings process as long as they meet the criteria for separate recognition under EITF Abstract No. 00-21, Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables. Revenue from bandwidth and equipment is recognized on a gross basis in accordance with EITF Abstract No. 99-19, Recording Revenue as a Principal versus Net as an Agent, primarily because we act as the principal in the transaction, take title to products and services and bear inventory and credit risk. To the extent we do not meet the criteria for gross basis accounting for bandwidth and equipment revenue, we record the revenue on a net basis. Revenue from contract settlements is recognized on a cash basis when collectible and no remaining performance obligations exist to the extent that the revenue has not previously been recognized.
We occasionally guarantee certain service levels, such as uptime, as outlined in individual customer contracts. To the extent that these service levels are not achieved, we reduce revenue for any credits given to the customer as a result. We generally have the ability to determine such service level credits prior to the associated revenue being recognized, and historically, these credits have not been significant; however, during the nine months ended September 30, 2005, we recorded a total of $607,000 in service level credits to various customers primarily in connection with two separate power outages that affected our Chicago and Washington, D.C. metro area IBX centers.
Revenue is recognized only when the service has been provided and when there is persuasive evidence of an arrangement, the fee is fixed or determinable and collection of the receivable is reasonably assured. It is customary business practice to obtain a signed master sales agreement and sales order prior to recognizing revenue in an arrangement. We assess collection based on a number of factors, including past transaction history with the customer and the credit-worthiness of the customer. We generally do not request collateral from our customers, although in certain cases we obtain a security interest in a customers equipment placed in our IBX centers or obtain a deposit. If we determine that collection of a fee is not reasonably assured, we defer the fee and recognize revenue at the time collection becomes reasonably assured, which is generally upon receipt of cash. In addition, we also maintain an allowance for doubtful accounts for estimated losses resulting from the inability of our customers to make required payments for those customers that we had expected to collect the revenues. If the financial condition of our customers were to deteriorate or if they become insolvent, resulting in an impairment
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of their ability to make payments, allowances for doubtful accounts may be required. Management specifically analyzes accounts receivable and current economic news and trends, historical bad debts, customer concentrations, customer credit-worthiness and changes in customer payment terms when evaluating revenue recognition and the adequacy of our reserves. A specific bad debt reserve of up to the full amount of a particular invoice value is provided for certain problematic customer balances. A general reserve is established for all other accounts based on the age of the invoices. Delinquent account balances are written-off after management has determined that the likelihood of collection is not probable.
Our customer base has historically been composed of businesses throughout the U.S. Commencing in the 2003 fiscal year our revenues included revenues from our newly-acquired Asia-Pacific operations. For the year ended December 31, 2003 our revenues were split approximately 85% in the U.S. and 15% in Asia-Pacific. For the year ended December 31, 2004 our revenues were split approximately 87% in the U.S. and 13% in Asia- Pacific. For the nine months ended September 30, 2004, our revenues were split approximately 87% in the U.S. and 13% in Asia-Pacific. For the nine months ended September 30, 2005, our revenues were split approximately 87% in the U.S. and 13% in Asia-Pacific. We perform ongoing credit evaluations of our customers. As of September 30, 2005, one customer, IBM, accounted for 11% of revenues for the nine months then ended and 12% of accounts receivable. As of September 30, 2004, this same customer accounted for 13% of revenues for the prior nine month period and 12% of accounts receivable. As of December 31, 2004, this same customer accounted for 13% of annual revenues and 12% of accounts receivable. As of December 31, 2003, this same customer accounted for 15% of annual revenues and 11% of accounts receivable. As of December 31, 2002, this same customer accounted for 20% of annual revenues and 15% of accounts receivable. No other single customer accounted for greater than 10% of accounts receivable or annual revenues for the periods presented.
Accounting for Income Taxes. Income taxes are accounted for under the asset and liability method. Under this method, deferred tax assets and liabilities are recognized for the future tax consequences attributable to differences between the financial statement carrying amounts of existing assets and liabilities and their respective tax bases. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the year in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. The effect on deferred tax assets and liabilities of a change in tax rates is recognized in income in the period that includes the enactment date. Valuation allowances are established when necessary to reduce deferred tax assets to the amounts that are expected more likely than not to be realized in the future. The assessment of whether or not a valuation allowance is required often requires significant judgment including the forecast of future taxable income and the evaluation of tax planning strategies in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate. We also account for any income tax contingencies in accordance with SFAS No. 5, Accounting for Contingencies.
We currently have provided for a full valuation allowance against our net deferred tax assets. We have considered the positive and negative evidences affecting the assessment of a full valuation allowance. Based on the available objective evidence, management does not believe it is more likely than not that the net deferred tax assets will be realizable in the future. Should we determine that we would be able to realize our deferred tax assets in the foreseeable future, a reversed adjustment to the valuation allowance would benefit net income in the period such determination is made.
In preparing the consolidated financial statement, we are required to estimate our income taxes in each of the jurisdictions in which we operate. The determination of income taxes also involves estimating the impact of additional taxes resulting from tax examinations and uncertainties in the application of complex tax laws and regulations. Accruals for tax contingencies require management to estimate the actual outcome of any such audits and the impact of uncertainties. Actual results could vary from these estimates.
Estimated and Contingent Liabilities. Management estimates exposure on certain liabilities and contingent liabilities, such as property taxes and litigation, based on the best information available at the time of determination. With respect to real and personal property taxes, management records what it can reasonably estimate based on prior payment history, current landlord estimates or estimates based on current or changing
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fixed asset values in each specific municipality, as applicable. However, there are circumstances beyond our control whereby the underlying value of the property or basis for which the tax is calculated on said property may change, such as a landlord selling the underlying property of one of our IBX center leases or a municipality changing the assessment value in a jurisdiction and, as a result, our property tax obligations may vary from period to period. Based upon the most current facts and circumstances, we make the necessary property tax accruals for each of our reporting periods. However, revisions in our estimates of the potential or actual liability could materially impact our results of operation and financial position.
For litigation claims, when management can reasonably estimate the range of loss and when an unfavorable outcome is probable, a contingent liability is recorded. For current legal proceedings, management believes that it has adequate legal defenses and that the ultimate outcome of these actions will not have a material effect on the Companys financial position, results of operations and cash flows. Furthermore, because of the uncertainties as to the outcome of these proceedings and since no range of loss can be estimated at this time, management has determined that no accrual is needed. As additional information becomes available, we will assess the potential liability related to our pending litigation and revise our estimates. Revisions in our estimates of the potential liability could materially impact our results of operation and financial position.
Accounting for Property and Equipment. Property and equipment are stated at original cost, or in the case of IBX centers that we acquire, at fair value at the time of acquisition. Depreciation is computed using the straight-line method over the estimated useful lives of the respective assets, generally two to five years for non-IBX equipment and seven to twelve years for IBX equipment. Leasehold improvements and assets acquired under capital lease are amortized over the shorter of the lease term or the estimated useful life of the asset or improvement.
Should management determine that the actual useful lives of our property and equipment placed into service is less than originally anticipated, or if any of our property and equipment was deemed to have incurred an impairment, additional depreciation, or an impairment charge would be required, which would decrease net income in the period such determination was made. Conversely, should management determine that the actual useful lives of its property and equipment placed into service was greater than originally anticipated, less depreciation may be required, which would increase net income in the period such determination was made.
Impairment of Long-Lived Assets, Including Goodwill. We account for the impairment of long-lived assets in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standard, or SFAS, No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, or in the case of goodwill, in accordance with SFAS No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. We evaluate the carrying value of our long-lived assets, consisting primarily of our IBX centers and goodwill, whenever certain events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of these assets may not be recoverable or at least on an annual basis during the fourth quarter for goodwill. Such events or circumstances include, but are not limited to, a prolonged industry downturn, a significant decline in our market value or significant reductions in projected future cash flows. We currently operate in one reportable segment; however our goodwill is attributed solely to our Singapore reporting unit.
Significant judgments and assumptions are required in the forecast of future operating results used in the preparation of the estimated future cash flows, including profit margins, long-term forecasts of the amounts and timing of overall market growth and our percentage of that market, groupings of assets, discount rates and terminal growth rates. In addition, significant estimates and assumptions are required in the determination of the fair value of our tangible long-lived assets, including replacement cost, economic obsolescence, and the value that could be realized in orderly liquidation. Changes in these estimates could have a material adverse effect on the assessment of our long-lived assets, thereby requiring us to write down the assets. Our net long-lived assets as of September 30, 2005, included property and equipment of $371.0 million and goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets of $21.5 million. Our net long-lived assets as of December 31, 2004 and December 31, 2003, included property and equipment of $343.4 million and $343.6 million, respectively, and goodwill and other identifiable intangible assets of $22.3 million and $23.5 million, respectively.
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Accounting for Leases and IBX acquisitions. We currently have 15 operational IBX centers in the U.S. and Asia-Pacific and 3 that are not yet operational. Our strategy had been to enter into long-term leases for our IBX centers rather than to purchase and own these properties; however, commencing with our recent purchases of the properties in the Los Angeles and Washington, D.C. metro areas, we have altered this strategy by purchasing rather than leasing these properties. While we ultimately entered into a sale-leaseback arrangement with respect to the recently acquired Los Angeles IBX property, we may decide to purchase, rather than lease, other property in the future as well. The majority of our IBX centers are accounted for as operating leases; however, in April 2004, we entered into a long-term lease for a 95,000 square foot data center in the Washington, D.C. metro area, which we refer to as our new Washington, D.C. metro area IBX. This lease, which includes the leasing of all of the IBX plant and machinery equipment located in the building, is a capital lease. We account for leases in accordance with SFAS No. 13, Accounting for Leases. Although we do not have title to any of the leased assets contained in our new Washington, D.C. metro area IBX, this lease qualified for capital lease treatment as a result of the present value of the minimum lease payments equaling or exceeding 90% of the fair value of the leased property. Our analysis of this lease required significant judgment and estimates in order to assess the fair value of the leased property and determine our incremental borrowing rate given no implicit rate was defined within the lease to allow us to calculate the present value of the minimum lease payments. In addition, as this lease contained land, building and equipment elements, we had to separate the individual elements and analyze each element separately, which is the same type of analysis we have to do in a purchase transaction such as our recent purchase of property in the Los Angeles metro area, since we are acquiring land, building and equipment elements.
While our first seven IBX centers were designed and built by us, in light of the availability of fully built-out data centers in select markets at costs significantly below those costs we would incur in building out new space, we have altered our business strategy to acquire partially or fully built-out data centers rather than build out our own data centers in order to meet our IBX expansion needs. Each individual IBX expansion transaction, either in the form of a long-term lease or the purchase of real property, is unique. For example, with respect to the Santa Clara IBX acquisition in December 2003, rather than enter into a long-term lease for both the building and data center plant and equipment like the Washington, D.C. metro area IBX transaction mentioned above, we leased only the building in Santa Clara and purchased the data center property and equipment located in the building. Yet, the building lease had payment terms which were at a premium to prevailing market rates for similar properties at the time of signing the lease. As a result, we recorded an unfavorable lease liability, which is being amortized into rent expense over the term of the lease. Also, given that the Santa Clara data center was an operating data center, unlike the vacant Washington, D.C. metro area data center, we were required to negotiate with various customers located in the data center and enter into new contracts with these customers. In addition, we hired a number of the employees that were already working in this data center. As a result, we recorded several intangible assets.
In summary, each individual data center expansion will require a significant amount of judgment and management estimates in order to properly address the accounting treatment.
Accounting for Restructuring Charges. We have recorded restructuring charges in three of the past five years as we modified our business strategy in light of changing economic circumstances. Most recently, in December 2004, in light of the availability of fully built-out data centers in select markets at costs significantly below those costs we would incur in building out new space, we made the decision to exit leases for excess space adjacent to one of our New York metro area IBXs, as well as space on the floor above our original Los Angeles IBX. As a result of our decision to exit these spaces, we recorded a restructuring charge totaling $17.7 million, which represents the present value of our estimated future cash payments, net of any estimated subrental income and expense, through the remainder of these lease terms, as well as the write-off of all remaining property and equipment attributed to the excess space on the floor above our Los Angeles IBX. We entered into a two-year sublease agreement for the excess space in the New York metro area and are currently evaluating opportunities related to our excess space in Los Angeles. In addition, as a result of the San Jose ground lease termination, we expect to incur a significant restructuring charge in the fourth quarter of 2005.
We account for such activities in accordance with SFAS No. 146, Accounting for Costs Associated with Exit or Disposal Activities. Under the provisions of SFAS No. 146, we had to estimate the future cash payments
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required to exit these two leases, net of any estimated sub-rental income and expense, through the remainder of these lease terms and then determine the present value of such future cash flows to record the appropriate restructuring charge. In future periods, we will record accretion expense to accrete our accrued restructuring liability up to an amount equal to the total estimated future cash payments necessary to complete the exit of these leases. This restructuring activity required a significant amount of judgment and management estimates in order to determine a reasonable scenario of future net cash flows required to exit these leases, as well as to determine the appropriate discount rate to calculate the present value of the future net cash flows. Should the actual lease exit costs differ from our estimates, we may be required to adjust our restructuring charges associated with these two leases, which would impact net income in the period such determination was made. In addition, in the future, circumstances may change which would require us to record additional restructuring charges, which would require similar levels of judgment and management estimates in order to determine the appropriate restructuring charge to record.
Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation. We account for stock-based compensation plans in accordance with SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation. As permitted under SFAS No. 123, we use the intrinsic value-based method of Accounting Principles Board (APB) Opinion No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees, to account for our employee stock-based compensation plans. Under APB Opinion No. 25, compensation expense is based on the difference, if any, on the date of grant, between the fair value of our shares and the exercise price of the option. Unearned deferred compensation resulting from employee option grants is amortized on an accelerated basis over the vesting period of the individual options, in accordance with FASB Interpretation No. 28, Accounting for Stock Appreciation Rights and Other Variable Stock Option or Award Plans. We have also adopted the disclosure requirements of SFAS No. 148, Accounting for Stock-Based CompensationTransition and DisclosureAn Amendment of SFAS No. 123.
Primarily as a result of employee stock options being granted at exercise prices below fair market value prior to our initial public offering (IPO) in August 2000, we recorded a deferred stock-based compensation charge on our balance sheet of $54.5 million in 2000, which was amortized over the four-year vesting life of these individual stock options net of the reversal of any previously recorded accelerated stock-based compensation expense due to the forfeitures of those stock options prior to vesting. The amortization of the deferred stock-based compensation related to these pre-IPO stock options ended in August 2004. Subsequent to our IPO, since we generally only grant stock options at fair value on the date of grant, we currently do not have any significant deferred stock-based compensation remaining to be amortized. In addition, in February 2005, the Compensation Committee of the Board of Directors approved the issuance of 320,500 shares of restricted shares of common stock to executive officers. These restricted shares are subject to four-year vesting, and will only vest if the stock appreciates to certain pre-determined levels. These restricted shares are a compensatory plan under the provisions of APB Opinion No. 25 and are accounted for as variable awards. As a result, compensation cost will be adjusted for changes in the market price of our common stock until the restricted shares become vested. On the date of grant of the restricted shares in February 2005, we recorded a $14.4 million deferred stock-based compensation charge. For the nine months ended September 30, 2005, we recognized a reduction in deferred stock-based compensation of $976,000 as a result of a declining stock price and recorded $6.0 million of stock-based compensation expense related to these restricted shares for the nine months ended September 30, 2005. As of September 30, 2005, there was a total of $7.4 million of deferred stock-based compensation remaining to be amortized related to these restricted shares. We expect stock-based compensation expense related to these restricted shares to impact our results of operations through 2008. As of September 30, 2005, deferred stock-based compensation on our balance sheet totaled $7.5 million, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, we recognized stock-based compensation expense of $6.3 million and $1.0 million respectively. As of December 31, 2004, deferred stock-based compensation on our balance sheet totaled $260,000, and for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002, we recognized stock-based compensation expense of $1.5 million, $2.9 million and $6.9 million, respectively. Had we recognized stock-based compensation under the fair value provisions of SFAS No. 123, we would have recognized stock-based compensation expense of $27.8 million and $16.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively, using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with assumptions appropriate to these periods. Had we recognized stock-
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based compensation under the fair value provisions of SFAS No. 123, we would have recognized stock-based compensation expense of $20.8 million , $10.2 million and $12.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively, using the Black-Scholes option-pricing model with assumptions appropriate to these periods. For further detailed information on how we calculated these pro forma stock-based compensation charges, see Note 1 of our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our financial statements found elsewhere in this prospectus supplement.
In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123(R), Share-Based Payment. SFAS No. 123(R) revises SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation and requires companies to expense the fair value of employee stock options and other forms of stock-based compensation, such as employee stock purchase plans and restricted stock awards. In addition, SFAS No. 123(R) supercedes Accounting Principles Board Opinion (APB) No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees and amends SFAS No. 95, Statement of Cash Flows. Under the provisions of SFAS No. 123(R), stock-based compensation awards must meet certain criteria in order for the award to qualify for equity classification. An award that does not meet those criteria will be classified as a liability and be remeasured each period. SFAS No. 123(R) retains the requirements on accounting for the income tax effects of stock-based compensation contained in SFAS No. 123; however, it changes how excess tax benefits will be presented in the statement of cash flows. In addition, in March 2005, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107 (SAB No. 107), which offers guidance on SFAS No. 123(R). SAB No. 107 was issued to assist preparers by simplifying some of the implementation challenges of SFAS No. 123(R) while enhancing the information that investors receive. Key topics of SAB No. 107 include discussion on the valuation models available to preparers and guidance on key assumptions used in these valuation models, such as expected volatility and expected term, as well as guidance on accounting for the income tax effects of SFAS No. 123(R) and disclosure considerations, among other topics. SFAS No. 123(R) and SAB No. 107 were effective for reporting periods beginning after June 15, 2005; however in April 2005, the SEC approved a new rule that SFAS No. 123(R) and SAB No. 107 are now effective for public companies for annual, rather than interim, periods beginning after June 15, 2005. We are currently considering the financial accounting, income tax and internal control implications of SFAS No. 123(R), including related FASB Staff Positions issued during 2005, and SAB No. 107. The adoption of SFAS No. 123(R), including related FASB Staff Positions issued during 2005, and SAB No. 107 are expected to have a significant impact on our financial position and results of operations.
Results of Operations
Nine Months Ended September 30, 2005 and 2004
Revenues. Our revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004 were split between the following revenue classifications (dollars in thousands):
Nine months ended September 30, |
||||||||||||
2005 |
% |
2004 |
% |
|||||||||
Recurring revenues |
$ | 149,623 | 94 | % | $ | 111,811 | 94 | % | ||||
Non-recurring revenues: |
||||||||||||
Installation and professional services |
8,777 | 5 | 5,982 | 5 | ||||||||
Other |
859 | 1 | 889 | 1 | ||||||||
9,636 | 6 | 6,871 | 6 | |||||||||
Total revenues |
$ | 159,259 | 100 | % | $ | 118,682 | 100 | % | ||||
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Our revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004 were geographically comprised of the following (dollars in thousands):
Nine months ended September 30, |
||||||||||||
2005 |
% |
2004 |
% |
|||||||||
U.S. revenues |
$ | 137,927 | 87 | % | $ | 102,893 | 87 | % | ||||
Asia-Pacific revenues |
21,332 | 13 | 15,789 | 13 | ||||||||
Total revenues |
$ | 159,259 | 100 | % | $ | 118,682 | 100 | % | ||||
We recognized revenues of $159.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 as compared to revenues of $118.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004, a 34% increase. We segment our business geographically between the U.S. and Asia-Pacific as further discussed below.
Our business is based on a recurring revenue model comprised of colocation, interconnection and managed infrastructure services. We consider these services recurring as our customers are billed on a fixed and recurring basis each month for the duration of their contract, which is generally one to three years in length. Our recurring revenues are a significant component of our total revenues comprising greater than 90% of our total revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004. Historically, approximately half of our then existing customers order new services in any given quarter representing greater than half of the new orders each quarter. To review our revenue recognition policies for our recurring revenue streams, refer to Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates above.
Our non-recurring revenues are primarily comprised of installation services related to a customers initial deployment and professional services that we perform. These services are considered to be non-recurring as they are billed typically once and only upon completion of the installation or professional services work performed. The non-recurring revenues are typically billed on the first invoice distributed to the customer. As a percent of total revenues, we expect non-recurring revenues to represent less than 10% of total revenues for the foreseeable future. Other non-recurring revenues are comprised primarily of customer settlements, which represent fees paid to us by customers who wish to terminate their contracts with us prior to their expiration. To review our revenue recognition policies for our recurring revenue streams, refer to Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates above.
In addition to reviewing recurring versus non-recurring revenues, we look at two other primary metrics when we analyze our revenues: 1) customer count and 2) weighted-average percentage utilization. Our customer count increased to 1,093 as of September 30, 2005 versus 896 as of September 30, 2004, an increase of 22%. Our weighted-average utilization rate represents the percentage of our cabinet space billing versus total cabinet space available. Our weighted-average utilization rate grew to 51% as of September 30, 2005 from 43% as of September 30, 2004; however, excluding the impact of our recent expansions in the Washington, D.C. and Silicon Valley area markets, our weighted-average utilization rate would have been 55% as of September 30, 2005. Although we have substantial capacity for growth, our utilization rates vary from market to market among our IBX centers in the eleven markets across the U.S. and Asia-Pacific. We continue to monitor the available capacity in each of our selected markets. To the extent we have limited capacity available in a given market, it may limit our ability for growth in that market. In addition, power and cooling requirements for some customers are growing on a per unit basis. As a result, customers are consuming an increasing amount of power per cabinet. Although we generally do not control the amount of draw our customers take from installed circuits, we have negotiated power consumption limitations with certain of our high power demand customers. We could face power limitations in our centers even though we may have additional physical capacity available within a specific IBX center. This could have a negative impact on the available utilization capacity of a given center, which could have a negative impact on our ability to grow revenues, affecting our financial performance, operating results and cash flows. Therefore, consistent with our recent expansions in the Washington, D.C., Silicon Valley, Chicago and Los Angeles metro area markets, we will continue to closely manage available space and power capacity in each of our operating markets and expect to continue to make strategic and selective expansions to our global footprint when and where appropriate.
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U.S. Revenues. We recognized U.S. revenues of $137.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 as compared to $102.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004. U.S. revenues consisted of recurring revenues of $129.8 million and $97.3 million, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, a 33% increase. U.S. recurring revenues consist primarily of colocation and interconnection services plus a nominal amount of managed infrastructure services. U.S. recurring revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 included $4.7 million of revenue generated from the recently acquired Washington, D.C. area and Silicon Valley area IBX centers, which opened for business in the fourth quarter of 2004 and first quarter of 2005, respectively. Excluding revenues from these recently acquired U.S. IBX centers, the period over period growth in recurring revenues was primarily the result of an increase in orders from both our existing customers and new customer growth acquired during the period as reflected in the growth in our customer count and weighted-average utilization rate as discussed above. We expect our U.S. recurring revenues to continue to remain our most significant source of revenue for the foreseeable future.
In addition, U.S. revenues consisted of non-recurring revenues of $8.1 million and $5.6 million, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004. Non-recurring revenues are primarily related to the recognized portion of deferred installation, professional services and settlement fees associated with certain contract terminations. Included in U.S. non-recurring revenues are settlement fees of $817,000 and $609,000, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004. Offsetting some of this non-recurring revenue for the three months ended September 30, 2005, were service level credits that we recorded totaling $607,000 that were issued or will be issued to certain of our customers related to two separate power outages in our Chicago and Washington, D.C. metro area IBX centers. There were no significant service level credits recorded in the nine months ended September 30, 2004. Excluding settlements and service level credits, U.S. non-recurring revenues, consisting of the recognized portion of deferred installation and professional services, increased 59% period over period, primarily due to strong existing and new customer growth during the year, as well as the completion of certain custom projects for the U.S. government during the quarter ended March 31, 2005.
Asia-Pacific Revenues. We recognized Asia-Pacific revenues of $21.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 as compared to $15.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004, a 35% increase. Asia-Pacific revenues consisted of recurring revenues of $19.8 million and $14.5 million, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, consisting primarily of colocation and managed infrastructure services. In addition, Asia-Pacific revenues consisted of non-recurring revenues of $1.5 million and $1.3 million, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004. Asia-Pacific non-recurring revenues included $42,000 and $280,000, respectively, of contract settlement revenue for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004. There were no settlement fees recognized for the nine months ended September 30, 2005. Asia-Pacific revenues are generated from Hong Kong, Singapore, Sydney and Tokyo, with Singapore representing approximately 46% and 53%, respectively, of the regional revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004. Our Asia-Pacific colocation revenues are similar to the revenues that we generate from our U.S. IBX centers; however, our Singapore IBX center has additional managed infrastructure service revenue, such as mail service and managed platform solutions, which we do not currently offer in any other IBX center location. The growth in our Asia-Pacific revenues is primarily the result of an increase in the customer base in this region during the past year, particularly in Hong Kong, Sydney and Tokyo.
Cost of Revenues. Cost of revenues were $116.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 as compared to $102.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004, a 14% increase. The largest cost components of our cost of revenues are depreciation, rental payments related to our leased IBX centers, utility costs including electricity and bandwidth, IBX employees salaries and benefits, supplies and equipment and security services. A substantial majority of our cost of revenues are fixed in nature and do not vary significantly from period to period. However, there are certain costs, which are considered variable in nature, including utilities and supplies, that are directly related to growth of services in our existing and new customer base. We expect the cost of our utilities, specifically electricity, will increase in the future on a per unit or fixed basis in addition to on a customer growth or variable basis. In addition, the cost of electricity is generally higher in the summer months compared to other times of the year.
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U.S. Cost of Revenues. U.S. cost of revenues were $101.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 as compared to $88.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004. U.S. cost of revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 included (i) $42.2 million of depreciation expense and (ii) $1.0 million of accretion expense comprised of our asset retirement obligation for our various leaseholds and the two leases for which we took a restructuring charge in the fourth quarter of 2004, as we are now accreting the related liability to exit these two leases to an amount equal to the total estimated future cash payments needed. U.S. cost of revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 included (i) $37.5 million of depreciation expense, (ii) $35,000 of stock-based compensation expense, (iii) $258,000 of accretion expense associated with our asset retirement obligation for our various leaseholds and (iv) $121,000 of amortization expense associated with an intangible asset associated with our Santa Clara IBX center that became fully amortized in December 2004. Our U.S. cost of revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 also included $4.6 million of other operating costs associated with the recently acquired Washington, D.C. and Silicon Valley metro area IBX centers, which opened for business in the fourth quarter of 2004 and first quarter of 2005, respectively, and our other recently acquired Silicon Valley IBX center and our recently purchased Los Angeles metro area IBX center, both of which wont be available to customers until 2006. Excluding depreciation, stock-based compensation, accretion expense, amortization expense and the costs associated with operating these new IBX centers, U.S. cost of revenues increased period over period to $53.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 from $50.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004, a 6% increase. This increase is primarily the result of increasing utility costs in line with increasing customer installations and revenues attributed to customer growth. We continue to anticipate that our cost of revenues will increase in the foreseeable future to the extent that the occupancy levels in our U.S. IBX centers increase and as the costs attributed to newly-acquired IBX centers in the Silicon Valley, Chicago and Los Angeles metro areas commence operations more fully in the fourth quarter of 2005. However, a portion of our expected increase in U.S. cost of revenues will be partially offset by a reduction in rent expense as a result of our October 2005 purchase of the Ashburn campus where our Washington, D.C. metro area IBX center is located. We expect that this savings in rent expense will be approximately $530,000 per quarter, commencing partially in the fourth quarter of 2005, although this decrease in rent expense will be somewhat mitigated by an increased level of depreciation for this property. In addition, U.S. cost of revenues would also decrease as a result of our San Jose ground lease termination, which is expected to close before the end of 2005.
Asia-Pacific Cost of Revenues. Asia-Pacific cost of revenues were $15.1 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 as compared to $13.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004. Asia-Pacific cost of revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 included $2.9 million of depreciation expense and $195,000 of non-cash rent expense associated with the value attributed to warrants issued in May 2004 to our landlord in connection with a lease amendment for our Hong Kong IBX center. Asia-Pacific cost of revenues for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 included $2.7 million of depreciation expense and $129,000 of non-cash rent expense. Excluding depreciation and non-cash rent expense, Asia-Pacific cost of revenues increased period over period to $12.0 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 from $10.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004, a 12% increase. This increase is primarily the result of increasing utility and bandwidth costs in line with increasing customer installations and revenues attributed to this customer growth. Our Asia-Pacific cost of revenues are generated in Hong Kong, Singapore, Sydney and Tokyo. There are several managed infrastructure service revenue streams unique to our Singapore IBX center, such as mail service and managed platform solutions, that are more labor intensive than our service offerings in the United States. As a result, our Singapore IBX center has a greater number of employees than any of our other IBX centers, and therefore, a greater labor cost relative to our other IBX centers in the United States or other Asia-Pacific locations. We anticipate that our Asia-Pacific cost of revenues will experience moderate growth in the foreseeable future consistent with our anticipated growth in revenues.
Sales and Marketing. Sales and marketing expenses increased to $14.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 from $13.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004.
U.S. Sales and Marketing Expenses. U.S. sales and marketing expenses increased to $12.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 from $9.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004.
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Included in U.S. sales and marketing expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 were $1.1 million of stock-based compensation expense and $45,000 of amortization expense associated with an intangible asset in connection with our Santa Clara IBX center. Included in U.S. sales and marketing expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 was $51,000 of stock-based compensation expense and $44,000 of amortization expense associated with an intangible asset in connection with our Santa Clara IBX center. The increase in the stock-based compensation expense period over period is a result of the non-cash charge attributed to restricted stock awards granted to our sales and marketing executive officers in the first quarter of 2005. Excluding stock-based compensation and amortization expense, U.S. sales and marketing expenses increased to $11.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 as compared to $9.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004, a 16% increase. Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of compensation and related costs for sales and marketing personnel, sales commissions, marketing programs, public relations, promotional materials and travel. This increase is primarily due to approximately $1.7 million of higher compensation costs, including increases in sales compensation related to strong new customer bookings throughout 2005, general salary increases and bonuses for our marketing staff and non-commissioned sales staff, as well as some moderate headcount growth (67 U.S. sales and marketing employees as of September 30, 2005 versus 65 as of September 30, 2004). Going forward, we expect to see U.S. sales and marketing spending increase nominally in absolute dollars as we continue to grow our business.
Asia-Pacific Sales and Marketing Expenses. Asia-Pacific sales and marketing expenses decreased to $2.2 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 as compared to $3.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004. Included in Asia-Pacific sales and marketing expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 were $1.4 million of amortization expense associated with several intangible assets associated with our Singapore operations, which became fully amortized in December 2004. Excluding amortization expense, Asia-Pacific sales and marketing expenses remained flat at $2.2 million during both the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004. While there was an increase of approximately $130,000 in higher compensation costs during this period, primarily due to some moderate headcount growth (27 Asia-Pacific sales and marketing employees as of September 30, 2005 versus 24 as of September 30, 2004), this growth was offset by overall reductions in other discretionary spending in this area. Our Asia-Pacific sales and marketing expenses consist of the same type of costs that we incur in our U.S. operations, namely compensation and related costs for sales and marketing personnel, sales commissions, marketing programs, public relations, promotional materials and travel. Our Asia-Pacific sales and marketing expenses are generated in Hong Kong, Singapore, Sydney and Tokyo. We expect that our Asia-Pacific sales and marketing expenses will experience some moderate growth in the foreseeable future.
General and Administrative. General and administrative expenses increased to $33.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 from $24.5 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004.
U.S. General and Administrative Expenses. U.S. general and administrative expenses increased to $27.7 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 as compared to $19.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004. Included in U.S. general and administrative expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 were $5.1 million of stock-based compensation expense and $1.2 million of depreciation expense. Included in U.S. general and administrative expenses for the nine months ended September 30, 2004 were $933,000 of stock-based compensation expense and $1.4 million of depreciation expense. The increase in the stock-based compensation expense period over period is a result of the non-cash charge attributed to restricted stock awards granted to our executive officers in the first quarter of 2005. Excluding stock-based compensation expense and depreciation expense, U.S. general and administrative expenses increased to $21.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005, as compared to $17.2 million for the prior period, a 24% increase. This increase is primarily due to approximately $3.8 million of higher compensation costs, including general salary increases, bonuses, headcount growth (150 U.S. general and administrative employees as of September 30, 2005 versus 117 as of September 30, 2004) and $597,000 related to an accrued severance charge, as well as an increase in professional fees, primarily in connection with our overall expansion and growth efforts. General and administrative expenses, excluding stock-based compensation and depreciation, consist
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primarily of salaries and related expenses, accounting, legal and other professional service fees and other general corporate expenses such as our corporate headquarter office lease. Going forward, we expect U.S. general and administrative spending to increase moderately in absolute dollars as we continue to scale our operations to support our growth.
Asia-Pacific General and Administrative Expenses. Asia-Pacific general and administrative expenses increased to $5.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 as compared to $4.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2004. Included in Asia-Pacific general and administrative expenses were $223,000 and $285,000, respectively, of depreciation expense for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004. Excluding depreciation, Asia-Pacific general and administrative expenses increased to $5.6 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005, as compared to $4.6 million for the prior period, a 21% increase. This increase is primarily due to approximately $820,000 of higher compensation costs, including general salary increases and bonuses, as well as some headcount growth (86 Asia-Pacific general and administrative employees as of September 30, 2005 versus 69 as of September 30, 2004). Our Asia-Pacific general and administrative expenses consist of the same type of costs that we incur in our U.S. operations, namely salaries and related expenses, accounting, legal and other professional service fees and other general corporate expenses. Our Asia-Pacific general and administrative expenses are generated in Hong Kong, Singapore, Sydney and Tokyo. Our Asia-Pacific headquarter office is located in Singapore. Most of the corporate overhead support functions, similar to what we have in the U.S., also reside in our Singapore office in order to support our Asia-Pacific operations. In addition, we have separate office locations in Tokyo and Hong Kong. We expect that our Asia-Pacific general and administrative expenses will experience some moderate growth in the foreseeable future.
Interest Income. Interest income increased to $2.6 million from $819,000 for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Interest income increased due to higher average cash, cash equivalent and short-term and long-term investment balances held in interest-bearing accounts during these periods, as well as higher yields on those balances due to increased interest rates.
Interest Expense. Interest expense decreased to $6.3 million from $8.8 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. During the quarter ended March 31, 2004, with the proceeds from the convertible debenture offering, we paid off the remaining credit facility and two other smaller debt facilities, as well as redeemed the remaining 13% senior notes that were outstanding. Furthermore, in March 2004, the $10.0 million 10% convertible secured notes issued in connection with the Crosslink financing were converted to 2.5 million shares of our common stock. As a result of the repayments, redemption and conversion of our older debt facilities, which have been replaced with our $86.3 million 2.5% convertible subordinated debentures, our interest expense commencing with the second quarter of 2004 has been significantly reduced. In addition, during the quarter ended March 31, 2005, we converted 95% of the outstanding 14% convertible secured notes and unpaid interest held by STT Communications into 4.1 million shares of our preferred stock, which was subsequently converted into 4.1 million shares of our common stock in February 2005. All of these decreases in interest expense are partially offset by interest expense associated with the capital lease we recorded in connection with the Washington, D.C. metro area IBX center during the fourth quarter of 2004 and the debt facility we recorded in connection with the Silicon Valley metro area IBX center equipment and fiber during the first quarter of 2005, which both bear interest at 8.50%. In addition, interest expense will continue to increase, commencing in the fourth quarter of 2005, as a result of the capital lease for equipment we will record in connection with our Sunnyvale IBX acquisition in October 2005 and the debt facility for equipment we will record in connection with our Chicago IBX acquisition in November 2005, which both bear interest at 7.50%, as well as the $30.0 million drawdown from our $50.0 million Silicon Valley Bank revolving credit line during October 2005, which bears interest at an initial rate of 5.72%. Furthermore, as a result of the Los Angeles IBX sale-leaseback and the Ashburn IBX property financing transactions, both of which we expect to close before the end of 2005, interest expense will further increase.
Loss on Debt Extinguishment and Conversion. In February 2004, with the proceeds from the convertible debenture offering, we paid off the remaining credit facility and two other debt facilities, as well as redeemed the
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remaining 13% senior notes that were outstanding at a premium of 106.5% through March 2004. In addition, in March 2004, the 10% $10.0 million convertible secured notes issued in connection with the Crosslink financing, and which had a beneficial conversion feature, were converted to 2.5 million shares of our common stock. As a result of these various repayments, redemption and conversion of our older debt facilities, we recorded a loss on debt extinguishment and conversion of $16.2 million, comprised primarily of the write-off of the various debt issuance costs and discounts associated with these various debt facilities totaling $13.7 million, as well as the premium paid to the holders of our 13% senior notes required to redeem these early and other cash transaction costs totaling $2.5 million. There was no loss recorded in connection with the STT convertible secured notes conversion during the nine months ended September 30, 2005 as the STT convertible secured notes did not have a beneficial conversion feature at the time of issuance on December 31, 2002.
Income Taxes. A full valuation allowance is recorded against our deferred tax assets as management cannot conclude, based on available objective evidence, when it is more likely than not that the net value of its deferred tax assets will be realized. However, for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, we recorded $553,000 and $200,000, respectively, of income tax expense, primarily representing income taxes related to alternative minimum tax. We have not incurred any significant income tax expense since inception and we do not expect to incur any significant income tax expense during 2005 and 2006 other than alternative minimum tax.
Years Ended December 31, 2004 and 2003
Revenues. Our revenues for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003 were split between the following revenue classifications (dollars in thousands):
Year ended December 31, |
||||||||||||
2004 |
% |
2003 |
% |
|||||||||
Recurring revenues |
$ | 154,432 | 94 | % | $ | 109,957 | 93 | % | ||||
Non-recurring revenues: |
||||||||||||
Installation and professional services |
8,350 | 5 | 6,221 | 5 | ||||||||
Other |
889 | 1 | 1,764 | 2 | ||||||||
9,239 | 6 | 7,985 | 7 | |||||||||
Total revenues |
$ | 163,671 | 100 | % | $ | 117,942 | 100 | % | ||||
Our revenues for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003 were geographically comprised of the following (dollars in thousands):
Year ended December 31, |
||||||||||||
2004 |
% |
2003 |
% |
|||||||||
U.S. revenues |
$ | 141,598 | 87 | % | $ | 99,669 | 85 | % | ||||
Asia-Pacific revenues |
22,073 | 13 | 18,273 | 15 | ||||||||
Total revenues |
$ | 163,671 | 100 | % | $ | 117,942 | 100 | % | ||||
We recognized revenues of $163.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2004 as compared to revenues of $117.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2003, a 39% increase. We segment our business geographically between the U.S. and Asia-Pacific as further discussed below.
Our business is based on a recurring revenue model comprised of colocation, interconnection and managed infrastructure services. We consider these services recurring as once a customer has been installed in one of our IBX centers they are billed on a fixed and recurring basis each month for the duration of their contract, which is generally one to three years in length. Our recurring revenues are a significant component of our total revenues comprising 94% of our total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2004 as compared to 93% in the prior
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year. Historically, greater than half of our customers order new services each quarter and greater than half of our new orders come from our already installed customer base each quarter.
Our non-recurring revenues are primarily comprised of installation services related to a customers initial deployment and professional services that we perform. These services are considered to be non-recurring as they are billed typically once and only upon completion of the installation or professional services work performed. The non-recurring revenues are typically billed on the first invoice distributed to the customer. Installation and professional services revenues increased 34% period over period, primarily due to strong existing and new customer growth during the year. As a percent of total revenues, we expect non-recurring revenues to represent approximately 5% of total revenues in each period. Other non-recurring revenues are comprised primarily of customer settlements, which represent fees paid to us by customers who wish to terminate their contracts with us prior to the expiration of their contract.
In addition to reviewing recurring versus non-recurring revenues, we look at two other primary metrics when we analyze our revenues: 1) customer count and 2) weighted-average percentage utilization. Our customer count increased to 950 as of December 31, 2004 versus 712 as of December 31, 2003, an increase of 33%. Our weighted-average utilization rate represents the percentage of our cabinet space billing versus total cabinet space available. Our weighted-average utilization rate grew to 45% as of December 31, 2004 from 35% as of December 31, 2003. Although we have substantial capacity for growth, our utilization rates vary from market to market among our 15 worldwide IBX centers. We continue to monitor the available capacity in each of our selected markets. To the extent we have limited capacity available in a given market, it may limit our ability for growth in that market. Therefore, consistent with our lease of Sprints Santa Clara property in December 2003 and our expansion into the Washington, D.C. metro area market in April 2004 and further expansion into the Silicon Valley market in December 2004, we continually review available space in our other operating markets.
U.S. Revenues. We recognized U.S. revenues of $141.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2004 as compared to $99.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2003. U.S. revenues consisted of recurring revenues of $134.3 million and $93.6 million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, a 43% increase. U.S. recurring revenues consist primarily of colocation and interconnection services plus a nominal amount of managed infrastructure services. U.S. recurring revenues for the year ended December 31, 2004 included revenue generated from the recently acquired Santa Clara IBX center. Excluding revenue from this acquired U.S. IBX hub, the period over period growth in recurring revenues was primarily the result of an increase in orders from both our existing customers and new customer growth acquired during the period as reflected in the growth in our customer count and weighted-average utilization rate as discussed above. As noted above, historically, greater than half of our new orders come from our already installed customer base each period.
In addition, U.S. revenues consisted of non-recurring revenues of $7.3 million and $6.1 million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2004 and 2003. Non-recurring revenues are primarily related to the recognized portion of deferred installation and professional services. Also included in U.S. non-recurring revenues are settlement fees of $609,000 and $1.2 million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2004 and 2003 associated with certain contract terminations. The $609,000 in settlement fees for the year ended December 31, 2004 primarily represented a bankruptcy court-mandated payment from Excite@Home. The $1.2 million in settlement fees for the year ended December 31, 2003 primarily represented bankruptcy court-mandated payments from both Worldcom and Excite@Home.
Asia-Pacific Revenues. We recognized Asia-Pacific revenues of $22.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2004 as compared to $18.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2003. Asia-Pacific revenues consisted of recurring revenues of $20.2 million and $16.3 million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, consisting primarily of colocation and managed infrastructure services. In addition, Asia-Pacific revenues consisted of non-recurring revenues of $1.9 million for both years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003. Asia-Pacific non-recurring revenues included $280,000 and $584,000, respectively, of contract settlement revenue for the year ended December 31, 2004 and 2003. Asia-Pacific revenues are generated from Hong Kong, Singapore, Sydney and
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Tokyo with Singapore representing approximately 52% and 77%, respectively, of the regional revenues for the year ended December 31, 2004 and 2003. Our Asia-Pacific colocation revenues are similar to the revenues that we generate from our U.S. IBX centers; however, our Singapore IBX center has additional managed infrastructure service revenue, such as mail service and managed platform solutions, which we do not currently offer in any other IBX center location. The growth in our Asia-Pacific revenues is primarily the result of an increase in the customer base in this region during the past year, particularly in Tokyo and Sydney; however, this revenue growth was partially offset by a decrease in low-margin bandwidth revenue in Singapore of approximately $3.1 million.
Cost of Revenues. Cost of revenues were $136.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2004 as compared to $128.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2003, a 7% increase. The largest cost components of our cost of revenues are depreciation, rental payments related to our leased IBX centers, utility costs including electricity and bandwidth, IBX employees salaries and benefits, supplies and equipment and security services. A substantial majority of our cost of revenues are fixed in nature and do not vary significantly from period to period. However, there are certain costs, which are considered variable in nature, including utilities and supplies, that are directly related to growth of services for our existing and new customer base. Given a large component of our cost of revenues are fixed in nature, we anticipate any growth in revenues will have a significant incremental flow-through to gross profit; however, power and cooling requirements are growing on a per server basis. As a result, customers are consuming an increasing amount of power per cabinet. This, combined with the fact that we do not currently control the amount of draw our customers take from installed circuits, means that our utility costs are expected to increase in the future, and we may not be successful in raising power revenues to a sufficient level to offset such expected increases in utility costs.
U.S. Cost of Revenues. U.S. cost of revenues were $118.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2004 as compared to $107.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2003. U.S. cost of revenues included $50.1 million of depreciation expense, $35,000 of stock-based compensation expense, $355,000 of accretion expense associated with our asset retirement obligations relating to our various leaseholds and $147,000 of amortization expense associated with an intangible asset related to our Santa Clara IBX center for the year ended December 31, 2004. U.S. cost of revenues included $49.9 million of depreciation expense, $59,000 of stock-based compensation expense, $562,000 of accretion expense associated with our asset retirement obligations relating to our various leaseholds and $13,000 of amortization expense associated with an intangible asset related to our Santa Clara IBX center for the year ended December 31, 2003. Excluding depreciation, stock-based compensation, accretion expense and amortization expense, U.S. cost of revenues increased period over period to $67.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2004 from $56.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2003, a 19% increase. This increase is primarily the result of the operating costs associated with the Santa Clara IBX center acquired on December 1, 2003, as well as increasing utility costs in our IBX centers, excluding the newly-acquired Santa Clara IBX, of $4.1 million in line with increasing customer installations and revenues attributed to this customer growth and $1.2 million of higher compensation costs in our IBX centers, excluding the newly-acquired Santa Clara IBX, including general salary increases and bonuses for our IBX staff.
Asia-Pacific Cost of Revenues. Asia-Pacific cost of revenues were $18.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2004 as compared to $20.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2003. Asia-Pacific cost of revenues included $3.7 million of depreciation expense and $194,000 of non-cash rent expense associated with the value attributed to warrants issued to our landlord in connection with a lease amendment for our Hong Kong IBX center for the year ended December 31, 2004. Asia-Pacific cost of revenues included $4.4 million of depreciation expense for the year ended December 31, 2003. Excluding depreciation and non-cash rent expense, Asia-Pacific cost of revenues decreased period over period to $14.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2004 from $16.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2003, a 9% decrease. This decrease is primarily the result of (i) a decrease in bandwidth costs in Singapore associated with a corresponding decrease in low-margin bandwidth revenue in this location of approximately $2.4 million, (ii) a decrease in operating costs in Singapore as a result of the asset sale of one of our two IBX centers in Singapore that occurred during the fourth quarter of 2003 of $804,000 and (iii) the renegotiation and reduction of our Hong Kong and Tokyo lease costs, resulting in rent savings of approximately $538,000. These decreases are partially offset by some cost increases in line with
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increasing customer installations and revenues attributed to our customer growth in this region, including increasing utility costs in our Asia-Pacific IBX centers of $649,000. Our Asia-Pacific costs of revenues are generated in Hong Kong, Singapore, Sydney and Tokyo. There are several managed IT infrastructure service revenue streams unique to our Singapore IBX hub, such as mail service and managed platform solutions, that are more labor intensive than our service offerings in the United States. As a result, our Singapore IBX center has a greater number of employees than any of our other IBX centers, and therefore, a greater labor cost relative to our other IBX centers in the United States or other Asia-Pacific locations.
Sales and Marketing. Sales and marketing expenses decreased to $18.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2004 from $19.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2003.
U.S. Sales and Marketing Expenses. U.S. sales and marketing expenses increased to $13.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2004 from $12.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2003. Included in U.S. sales and marketing expenses were $119,000 and $299,000, respectively, of stock-based compensation expense and amortization expense associated with an intangible asset in connection with our Santa Clara IBX center for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003. Excluding stock-based compensation and amortization expense, U.S. sales and marketing expenses increased to $13.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2004 as compared to $12.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2003, a 12% increase. Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of compensation and related costs for sales and marketing personnel, sales commissions, marketing programs, public relations, promotional materials and travel. This increase is primarily due to increased compensation costs of $1.1 million, primarily as a result of growth in our revenue bookings and an increase in the number of sales and marketing headcount.
Asia-Pacific Sales and Marketing Expenses. Asia-Pacific sales and marketing expenses decreased to $4.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2004 as compared to $6.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2003. Included in Asia-Pacific sales and marketing expenses were $1.8 million and $2.1 million, respectively, of amortization expense associated with several intangible assets associated with our Singapore operations for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003. Excluding amortization expense, Asia-Pacific sales and marketing expenses decreased to $3.0 million during the year ended December 31, 2004 down from $4.8 million in the prior year, primarily as a result of headcount and overall compensation cost reductions in the Singapore region last year of approximately 14% and a decrease in overall discretionary spending due in large part to synergistic savings as a result of the combination that closed on December 31, 2002. Our Asia-Pacific sales and marketing expenses consist of the same type of costs that we incur in our U.S. operations, namely compensation and related costs for sales and marketing personnel, sales commissions, marketing programs, public relations, promotional materials and travel. Our Asia-Pacific sales and marketing expenses are generated in Hong Kong, Singapore, Sydney and Tokyo.
General and Administrative. General and administrative expenses decreased to $32.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2004 from $34.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2003.
U.S. General and Administrative Expenses. U.S. general and administrative expenses decreased to $25.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2004 as compared to $28.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2003. Included in U.S. general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2004, were $1.8 million and $1.4 million of depreciation expense and stock-based compensation expense, respectively. Included in U.S. general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2003, were $5.3 million and $2.6 million of depreciation expense and stock-based compensation expense, respectively. Depreciation and stock-based compensation expense decreased period over period as certain headquarter-based assets became fully depreciated during the year, and certain stock-based compensation costs became fully amortized. Excluding depreciation and stock-based compensation expense, U.S. general and administrative expenses increased to $22.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2004, as compared to $20.4 million for the prior year, an 11% increase. This increase is primarily due to higher professional service fees and other legal-related costs and expenses of $1.8 million, including $733,000 of external costs attributed to our Sarbanes-Oxley compliance initiatives. We
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continue to incur additional costs related to our Sarbanes-Oxley compliance initiative and this initiative will continue to impose additional costs on Equinix as a public company, both in the form of outside professional service fees for auditors and other advisors, and internal costs related to various devoted teams throughout the organization. We also have higher overall compensation costs of $1.9 million related to annual salary merit increases and corporate bonus programs, as well as an increase in the number of new hires over the past year. In addition, during 2004, we incurred a net charge of $190,000 related to the liquidation of certain legacy subsidiaries in Europe and we do not expect this cost to recur (we initially recorded a charge of $512,000 in the third quarter, which was offset by a reduction in the charge of $322,000 in the fourth quarter as a result of a favorable settlement reached in December 2004). These increases in costs are partially offset by some savings related to the shutdown of the Pihana corporate office in Honolulu that was completed in June 2003, and the relocation of the corporate headquarter office from Mountain View to Foster City in March 2003 totaling $1.9 million. General and administrative expenses, excluding depreciation and stock-based compensation, consist primarily of salaries and related expenses, accounting, legal and administrative expenses, professional service fees and other general corporate expenses such as our corporate headquarter office lease.
Asia-Pacific General and Administrative Expenses. Asia-Pacific general and administrative expenses increased to $6.6 million for the year ended December 31, 2004 as compared to $6.0 million for the year ended December 31, 2003. Included in Asia-Pacific general and administrative expenses were $366,000 and $497,000, respectively, of depreciation expense for the year ended December 31, 2004 and 2003. Excluding depreciation, Asia-Pacific general and administrative expenses increased to $6.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2004, as compared to $5.5 million for the prior year, a 13% increase. This increase is primarily related to an increase in professional service fees of $141,000 related to our Sarbanes-Oxley compliance initiative in Singapore and higher compensation costs of $450,000 as a result of annual merit increases and corporate bonus programs. Our Asia-Pacific general and administrative expenses consist of the same type of costs that we incur in our U.S. operations, namely salaries and related expenses, accounting, legal and administrative expenses, professional service fees and other general corporate expenses. Our Asia-Pacific general and administrative expenses are generated in Hong Kong, Singapore, Sydney and Tokyo. Our Asia-Pacific headquarter office is located in Singapore. Most of the corporate overhead support functions that we have in the U.S. also reside in our Singapore office in order to support our Asia-Pacific operations. In addition, we have separate office locations in Hong Kong and Tokyo.
Restructuring Charges. During the year ended December 31, 2004, we recorded restructuring charges of $17.7 million. In light of the availability of fully built-out data centers in select markets at costs significantly below those costs we would incur in building out new space, we made the decision in December 2004 to exit leases for excess space adjacent to one of our New York metro area IBXs, as well as space on the floor above our original Los Angeles IBX. The restructuring charges consisted of (i) a $13.9 million charge representing the present value of our estimated future cash payments, net of any estimated subrental income and expense, through the remainder of these lease terms; and (ii) a write-off of property and equipment of $3.8 million, representing the write-off of all remaining property and equipment attributed to the excess space on the floor above our Los Angeles IBX. We entered into a two-year sublease agreement for the excess space in the New York metro area and are currently evaluating opportunities related to our excess space in Los Angeles. We expect that as a result of these restructuring charges, we will realize annual savings in cost of revenues commencing in 2005 of approximately $1.8 million. As of December 31, 2004, we had total accrued restructuring charges of $14.8 million recorded as liabilities on our balance sheet related to these excess lease spaces. For further detailed information on our restructuring charges, see Note 17 of our Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements in our financial statements found elsewhere in this prospectus supplement. We did not incur any restructuring charges during the year ended December 31, 2003.
Interest Income. Interest income increased to $1.3 million from $296,000 for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively. Interest income increased due to higher average cash, cash equivalent and short-term and long-term investment balances held in interest-bearing accounts during these periods, as well as to increased yields on those balances.
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Interest Expense. Interest expense decreased to $11.5 million from $20.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2004 and 2003, respectively. The decrease in interest expense was primarily attributable to the reduction in the principal balance outstanding on our credit facility during 2003 and 2004. These interest expense savings were partially offset by additional non-cash interest expense associated with the $10.0 million 10% convertible secured notes issued on June 5, 2003 as a result of the Crosslink financing. However, during the quarter ended March 31, 2004, with the proceeds from the convertible debenture offering, we fully paid off the remaining credit facility and two other debt facilities, as well as fully redeemed the remaining 13% senior notes that were outstanding. In addition, in March 2004, the $10.0 million 10% convertible secured notes issued in connection with the Crosslink financing were converted to 2.5 million shares of our common stock. As a result of these various repayments, redemption and conversion of our older debt facilities, which have been replaced with our $86.3 million 2.5% convertible subordinated debentures, our interest expense commencing with the second quarter of 2004 was significantly reduced.
Loss on Debt Extinguishment and Conversion. In February 2004, with the proceeds from the convertible debenture offering, we fully paid off the remaining credit facility and two other debt facilities, as well as fully redeemed the remaining 13% senior notes that were outstanding at a premium of 106.5% through March 2004. In addition, in March 2004, the 10% $10.0 million convertible secured notes issued in connection with the Crosslink financing, which contained a beneficial conversion feature, were converted to 2.5 million shares of our common stock. As a result of these various repayments, redemption and conversion of our older debt facilities, we recorded a loss on debt extinguishment and conversion of $16.2 million, comprised primarily of the write-off of the various debt issuance costs and discounts associated with these various debt facilities totaling $13.7 million, as well as the premium paid to the holders of our 13% senior notes required to redeem these early and other cash transaction costs totaling $2.5 million. There was no such debt extinguishment or conversion activity during the year ended December 31, 2003.
Income Taxes. A full valuation allowance is recorded against our deferred tax assets as management cannot conclude, based on available objective evidence, when it is more likely than not that the gross value of its deferred tax assets will be realized. However, for the year ended December 31, 2004, we recorded $153,000 of income tax expense, primarily representing income taxes related to our international subsidiaries.
Years Ended December 31, 2003 and 2002
Revenues. Our revenues for the year ended December 31, 2003 and 2002 were split between the following revenue classifications (dollars in thousands):
Year ended December 31, |
||||||||||||
2003 |
% |
2002 |
% |
|||||||||
Recurring revenues |
$ | 109,957 | 93 | % | $ | 65,319 | 85 | % | ||||
Non-recurring revenues: |
||||||||||||
Installation and professional services |
6,221 | 5 | 4,056 | 5 | ||||||||
Other |
1,764 | 2 | 7,813 | 10 | ||||||||
7,985 | 7 | 11,869 | 15 | |||||||||
Total revenues |
$ | 117,942 | 100 | % | $ | 77,188 | 100 | % | ||||
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Our revenues for the year ended December 31, 2003 and 2002 were geographically comprised of the following (dollars in thousands):
Year ended December 31, |
||||||||||||
2003 |
% |
2002 |
% |
|||||||||
U.S. revenues |
$ | 99,669 | 85 | % | $ | 77,188 | 100 | % | ||||
Asia-Pacific revenues |
18,273 | 15 | | 0 | ||||||||
Total revenues |
$ | 117,942 | 100 | % | $ | 77,188 | 100 | % | ||||
We recognized revenues of $117.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2003, as compared to revenues of $77.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2002, a 53% increase. Included in revenues for the year ended December 31, 2003, are the results of the two companies that we acquired on December 31, 2002, i-STT Pte. Ltd. and Pihana, totaling $23.4 million. We segment our business geographically between the U.S. and Asia-Pacific as further discussed below.
Our business is based on a recurring revenue model comprised of colocation, interconnection and managed infrastructure services. We consider these services as recurring as once a customer has been installed in one of our IBX centers they are billed on a fixed and recurring basis each month for the duration of their contract, which is generally one to three years in length. Our recurring revenues are a significant component of our total revenues comprising 93% of our total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2003, an increase from the 85% level in the prior year. To review our revenue recognition policies for our recurring revenue streams, refer to Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates above.
Our non-recurring revenues are primarily comprised of installation services related to a customers initial deployment and, professional services that we perform. These services are considered to be non-recurring as they are billed typically once and only upon completion of the installation or professional services work performed. The non-recurring revenues are typically billed on the first invoice distributed to the customer. Installation and professional services revenues increased 53% year over year, primarily due to strong existing and new customer growth during the year. Other non-recurring revenues include equipment resales and customer settlements. This non-recurring revenue line decreased significantly from the prior year as (i) we are no longer pursuing equipment resales due a change in product strategy and (ii) the number of customer right-sizings and settlements decreased substantially during 2003.
In addition to reviewing recurring versus non-recurring revenues, we look at two other primary metrics when we analyze our revenues: 1) customer count and 2) percentage utilization. Our customer count increased to 712 as of December 31, 2003 versus 568 as of December 31, 2002, an increase of 25%. Our utilization rate represents the percentage of our cabinet space billing versus total cabinet space available. Our utilization rate as of December 31, 2003 was 37% versus 29% as of December 31, 2002, an increase of 28%, including our Asia-Pacific operations for both periods. Although we have substantial capacity for growth, our utilization rates vary from market to market among our 15 worldwide IBX centers. To the extent we have limited capacity available in a given market, it may limit our ability for growth in that market. Therefore, consistent with our acquisition of the Sprints Santa Clara property in December 2003, we will continue to review our available space in our other operating markets.
U.S. Revenues. We recognized U.S. revenues of $99.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2003 as compared to $77.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2002. U.S. revenues consisted of recurring revenues of $93.6 million and $65.3 million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2003 and 2002, a 43% increase. U.S. recurring revenues consist primarily of colocation and interconnection services plus a nominal amount of managed infrastructure services. U.S. recurring revenues for the year ended December 31, 2003 includes $5.1 million of revenues generated from the two U.S. IBX centers acquired from Pihana on December 31, 2002 located in Los Angeles and Honolulu. Excluding revenues from these acquired U.S. IBX centers, the period over period growth in recurring revenues of 60% was primarily the result of an increase in
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orders from both our existing customers and new customer growth acquired during the year as reflected in the growth in our customer count and utilization rate as discussed above. In addition, consistent with the growth in our customer base, our interconnection revenues have grown as our customers continue to expand their interconnection activity with each other. As of December 31, 2003, U.S. interconnection revenue represented 21% of total U.S. recurring revenue as compared to 9% in the prior year.
In addition, U.S. revenues consisted of non-recurring revenues of $6.1 million and $11.9 million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2003 and 2002. Non-recurring revenues are primarily related to the recognized portion of deferred installation, professional services, settlement fees associated with certain contract terminations and equipment resales. The period over period decrease in U.S. non-recurring revenues was primarily the result of $2.9 million of equipment resale revenue and $4.9 million in settlement fees from customers to terminate their contract recognized during the year ended December 31, 2002. There were no equipment resale transactions during the year ended December 31, 2003; however, we received $1.2 million of settlement fees during the year ended December 31, 2003, primarily as a result of bankruptcy related payments from both Worldcom and Excite@home.
Asia-Pacific Revenues. As a result of the combination that closed on December 31, 2002, which resulted in the acquisition of four Asia-Pacific IBX centers, we recognized $18.2 million of revenues in Asia-Pacific during the year ended December 31, 2003. Prior to the combination we generated no revenues from outside of the United States. Asia-Pacific revenues consisted of recurring revenues of $16.3 million, primarily from colocation and managed infrastructure services, and non-recurring revenues of $1.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2003, which includes settlement fees of $584,000, primarily from one customer that terminated its contract. Asia-Pacific revenues are generated from Singapore, Tokyo, Hong Kong and Sydney with Singapore representing approximately 77% of the regional revenues. Our Asia-Pacific revenues are similar to the revenues that we generate from our U.S. IBX centers; however, our Singapore IBX center has additional managed infrastructure service revenue, such as mail service and managed platform solutions, which we do not currently offer in any other IBX center location.
Cost of Revenues. Cost of revenues were $128.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2003 versus $104.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2002, a 23% increase. Included in cost of revenues for the year ended December 31, 2003 are the results of the two companies that we acquired on December 31, 2002, i-STT Pte. Ltd. and Pihana, a cumulative total of $24.7 million. The largest cost components of our cost of revenues are depreciation, rental payments related to our leased IBX centers, utility costs including bandwidth, IBX employees salaries and benefits, consumable supplies and equipment and security services. A substantial majority of our cost of revenues are fixed in nature and do not vary significantly from period to period. However, there are certain costs, which are considered variable in nature including utilities and consumable supplies that are directly related to growth of services in our existing and new customer base.
U.S. Cost of Revenues. U.S. cost of revenues were $107.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2003 as compared to $104.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2002, a 3.2% increase. U.S. cost of revenues included $49.9 million and $47.8 million, respectively, of depreciation expense and $59,000 and $266,000, respectively, of stock-based compensation expense for the year ended December 31, 2003 and 2002. During the year ended December 31, 2003, we also recorded $562,000 of accretion expense associated with our asset retirement obligation relating to our various leaseholds, which consist primarily of our IBX center operating leases, as required under FASB No. 143 that was adopted in 2003. Furthermore, U.S. cost of revenues included the costs associated with the $2.9 million of equipment resale revenue that we recorded for the year ended December 31, 2002, which was approximately $2.8 million. We recorded no equipment resale revenue for the year ended December 31, 2003. Included in the U.S. cost of revenues for the year ended December 31, 2003, were the operating costs associated with (i) the Los Angeles and Honolulu IBX centers acquired from Pihana in the combination on December 31, 2002, which totaled $4.1 million ($3.5 million excluding depreciation) and (ii) the Santa Clara IBX center acquired on December 1, 2003, which totaled $597,000. Excluding depreciation, stock-based compensation, accretion expense, the costs of equipment resales and the costs of operating the
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acquired U.S. IBX centers, U.S. cash cost of revenues decreased period over period to $52.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2003 from $53.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2002, a 1% decrease. This decrease is primarily the result of reduced costs associated with the San Jose ground lease of $3.6 million as a result of the option that we exercised in September 2002 to return approximately one-half of the land commencing in October 2002 (refer to Restructuring Charges below); however, this decrease is partially offset by an increase in operating costs associated with certain of our IBX centers as a result of (a) higher property taxes for certain IBX centers and (b) increasing utility costs in line with increasing customer installations and revenues attributed to this customer growth.
Asia-Pacific Cost of Revenues. As a result of the combination that closed on December 31, 2002, which resulted in the acquisition of four Asia-Pacific IBX centers, we incurred an additional $20.6 million in cost of revenues from our Asia-Pacific IBX center operations during the year ended December 31, 2003. Included in this number is $4.4 million of depreciation expense. Excluding depreciation expense, our acquired cost of revenues totaled $16.2 million for Asia-Pacific. Our Asia-Pacific cost of revenues consist of the same type of costs that we incur in our U.S. IBX center operations, namely rental payments for our leased IBX centers, utility costs, site employees salaries and benefits, consumable supplies and equipment and security services. Our Asia-Pacific costs of revenues are generated in Singapore, Tokyo, Hong Kong and Sydney. There are several managed IT infrastructure service revenue streams unique to our Singapore IBX hub, such as mail service and managed platform solutions, that are more labor intensive than our service offerings in the United States. As a result, our Singapore IBX center has a greater number of employees than any of our other IBX centers, and therefore, a greater labor cost relative to our other IBX centers in the United States or other Asia-Pacific locations.
Sales and Marketing. Sales and marketing expenses increased to $19.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2003 from $15.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2002. Included in sales and marketing expenses for the year ended December 31, 2003, are the results of the two companies that we acquired on December 31, 2002, i-STT Pte. Ltd. and Pihana, totaling $6.9 million.
U.S. Sales and Marketing Expenses. U.S. sales and marketing expenses decreased to $12.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2003 as compared to $15.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2002. Included in U.S. sales and marketing expenses were $294,000 and $952,000, respectively, of stock-based compensation expense for the year ended December 31, 2003 and 2002. During the year ended December 31, 2002, we recorded $2.3 million in bad debt expense. The amount of bad debt expense that we recorded in the prior period, which was significantly larger than what we typically incur, was primarily the result of write-offs or full reserves of aged receivables associated with several customers, including Teleglobe, which had filed for bankruptcy under Chapter 11 of the U.S. Bankruptcy Code last year. Excluding stock-based compensation and bad debt expense, U.S. sales and marketing expenses increased to $12.4 million from $12.0 million, respectively, for the year ended December 31, 2003 and 2002, a 3% increase. Sales and marketing expenses consist primarily of compensation and related costs for sales and marketing personnel, sales commissions, marketing programs, public relations, promotional materials and travel. Excluding stock-based compensation and bad debt expense, the nominal increase in sales and marketing expenses year over year is primarily related to the incremental sales and marketing efforts associated with the two U.S. IBX centers acquired in the combination as of December 31, 2002 in Los Angeles and Honolulu, as well as an overall increase in sales compensation due to increased revenues.
Asia-Pacific Sales and Marketing Expenses. As a result of the combination that closed on December 31, 2002, we incurred an additional $6.9 million of sales and marketing expenses, comprised of $4.8 million in cash sales and marketing expenses from our Asia-Pacific operations during the year ended December 31, 2003, and $2.1 million of amortization expense. Our Asia-Pacific sales and marketing expenses consist of the same type of costs that we incur in our U.S. operations, namely compensation and related costs for sales and marketing personnel, sales commissions, marketing programs, public relations, promotional materials and travel. Our Asia- Pacific sales and marketing expenses are generated in Singapore, Tokyo, Hong Kong and Sydney. We expect that our Asia-Pacific sales and marketing expenses will remain relatively flat in the foreseeable future. As a result of the combination that closed on December 31, 2002, we acquired several intangible assets that we amortize,
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namely the use of a trade-name and certain customer contracts in Singapore valued at approximately $300,000 and $3.6 million, respectively. The trade-name intangible asset was being amortized over one year ending December 31, 2003 and the customer contract intangible asset is being amortized over two years, ending December 31, 2004. As a result, we incurred a total of $2.1 million of amortization expense during the year ended December 31, 2003.
General and Administrative. General and administrative expenses increased to $34.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2003 from $30.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2002. Included in general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2003, are the results of the two companies that we acquired on December 31, 2002, i-STT Pte. Ltd. and Pihana, totaling $7.5 million.
U.S. General and Administrative Expenses. U.S. general and administrative expenses decreased to $28.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2003 as compared to $30.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2002. Included in U.S. general and administrative expenses were $5.3 million and $6.2 million, respectively, of depreciation expense and $2.6 million and $5.7 million, respectively, of stock-based compensation expense for the year ended December 31, 2003 and 2002. In addition, U.S. general and administrative expenses for the year ended December 31, 2003, included $1.5 million of costs associated with a corporate headquarter office acquired from Pihana on December 31, 2002 located in Honolulu. This office was closed as of June 30, 2003. Excluding depreciation, stock-based compensation expense and the costs of the acquired Honolulu office, U.S. general and administrative expenses remained relatively flat at $18.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2003, as compared to $18.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2002. General and administrative expenses, excluding depreciation and stock-based compensation, consist primarily of salaries and related expenses, accounting, legal and administrative expenses, professional service fees and other general corporate expenses such as our corporate headquarter office lease.
Asia-Pacific General and Administrative Expenses. As a result of the combination that closed on December 31, 2002, we incurred an additional $6.0 million in general and administrative expenses from our newly-acquired Asia-Pacific operations. Our Asia-Pacific general and administrative expenses, which included $497,000 of depreciation expense, consist of the same type of costs that we incur in our U.S. operations, namely salaries and related expenses, accounting, legal and administrative expenses, professional service fees and other general corporate expenses. Our Asia-Pacific general and administrative expenses are generated in Singapore, Tokyo, Hong Kong and Sydney. Our Asia-Pacific headquarter office is located in Singapore. Most of the corporate overhead support functions that we have in the U.S. also reside in our Singapore office in order to support our Asia-Pacific operations. In addition, we have separate corporate office locations in Tokyo and Hong Kong.
Restructuring Charges. We did not incur any restructuring charges during the year ended December 31, 2003. During the year ended December 31, 2002, we recorded restructuring charges of $28.9 million. The restructuring charges consisted of (a) a $5.0 million option fee paid in May 2002 related to the amendment of our approximately 80 acre ground lease in San Jose, California from which we subsequently elected to exercise the option to permanently exclude 40 acres commencing October 1, 2002; (b) a partial write-off of two letters of credit totaling $19.0 million associated with the exercise in September 2002 of our option to permanently terminate approximately one-half of our lease obligations under the San Jose ground lease (c) a write-off of property and equipment of $2.6 million, primarily leasehold improvements and some equipment, located in two unnecessary U.S. IBX expansion and headquarter office space operating leaseholds we had decided to exit and that do not currently provide any ongoing benefit and (d) write-offs or accruals of certain U.S. or European exit costs and severance charges.
Interest Income. Interest income decreased to $296,000 from $998,000 for the year ended December 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively. Interest income decreased due to lower average cash, cash equivalent and short-term investment balances held in interest-bearing accounts and lower interest rates received on those invested balances.
Interest Expense. Interest expense decreased to $20.5 million from $35.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively. The significant decrease in interest expense was primarily
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attributable to the retirement of $169.5 million of our 13% senior notes during 2002. In addition, we reduced the interest expense attributed to our credit facility as a result of a reduction in the principal balance outstanding and a reduction in the interest rates. However, these interest expense savings were partially offset by the approximately $7.3 million of non-cash interest expense associated with the $30.0 million 14% convertible secured note issued on December 31, 2002 as a result of the financing, and the $10.0 million 10% convertible secured notes issued on June 5, 2003 as a result of the Crosslink financing. We recorded a substantial debt discount equal to the $10.0 million of principal in connection with the Crosslink financing, primarily as a result of the beneficial conversion feature associated with these convertible secured notes, which is being amortized to interest expense over the term of the Crosslink financing. This was a primary contributor to our increased non-cash interest expense from the prior period.
Gain on Debt Extinguishment. During the year ended December 31, 2002, we retired approximately $169.5 million of senior notes in exchange for approximately 2.4 million shares of common stock and $17.7 million of cash. As a result, we recognized a $114.2 million net gain on debt extinguishment during 2002, after deducting transaction costs, interest waived and allocation of unamortized debt issuance costs and debt discount. Although we made payments on our various debt facilities during 2003, we extinguished no senior notes or other debt during the year ended December 31, 2003.
Income Taxes. A full valuation allowance is recorded against our deferred tax assets as management cannot conclude, based on available objective evidence, when it is more likely than not that the gross value of its deferred tax assets will be realized.
Liquidity and Capital Resources
Since inception, we have financed our operations and capital requirements primarily through the issuance of various debt and equity instruments, for aggregate gross proceeds of $1.1 billion. As of September 30, 2005, our total indebtedness was comprised of (i) non-convertible debt totaling approximately $79.5 million from our Washington D.C. metro area IBX capital lease, San Jose IBX equipment and fiber debt facility, Sunnyvale IBX equipment capital lease and Chicago IBX equipment debt facility and (ii) convertible debt totaling $88.3 million from our convertible secured notes and convertible subordinated debentures as outlined below. In addition, in October 2005, we drew down $30.0 million from the $50.0 million Silicon Valley Bank revolving credit line, which is non-convertible debt, as outlined below.
As of September 30, 2005, our principal source of liquidity was our $108.3 million of cash, cash equivalents and short-term and long-term investments. We believe that this cash, coupled with our anticipated cash flows generated from operations, will be sufficient to meet our capital expenditure, debt service and corporate overhead requirements to meet our currently identified business objectives. In addition, as of the date of filing of this prospectus supplement, we had $14.8 million of additional liquidity available to us under our $50.0 million Silicon Valley Bank revolving credit line in the event we need additional cash to pursue attractive strategic opportunities that may become available in the future.
While we had generated negative operating cash flow in each annual period since inception through 2003, commencing with the quarter ended September 30, 2003 we started to generate positive operating cash flow. Since then, we have generated cash flow from our operations during 2004 and the first nine months of 2005 and expect this trend to continue throughout the remainder of 2005 and 2006 and to be in an amount sufficient to meet our cash requirements to fund our capital expenditures, debt service and corporate overhead requirements (excluding the purchase, sale and maturities of our short-term and long-term investments). However, given our limited operating history, we may not achieve our desired levels of profitability in the future. See Risk Factors.
Uses of Cash
Net cash provided by our operating activities was $49.0 million and $26.3 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Net cash provided by our operating activities was $36.9 million for
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the year ended December 31, 2004. Net cash used in our operating activities was $17.3 million and $27.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002, respectively. Since the quarter ending September 30, 2003, we have been generating cash from our operations. In prior periods, we used cash primarily to fund our net loss, including cash interest payments on our senior notes and credit facility, although the majority of the operating cash flows used during the years ended December 31, 2003 and 2002 related to the liquidation of accrued obligations, such as accrued restructuring activities, including merger and financing costs during 2003. We continue to experience strong collections of our accounts receivables. As described above, we expect that we will continue to generate cash from our operating activities throughout 2005 and 2006.
Net cash used in our investing activities was $39.0 million and $33.9 million, respectively, for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004. Net cash used in investing activities for both periods was primarily the result of the net purchases of our short-term and long-term investments, as well as capital expenditures required to bring our recently acquired IBX centers in the Silicon Valley and Washington, D.C. metro areas to Equinix standards and to support our growing customer base. In addition, for the nine months ended September 30, 2005, we purchased a new IBX center in Los Angeles for $34.7 million in a transaction we refer to as the Los Angeles IBX acquisition which we paid for in cash in September 2005. Net cash used in investing activities was $56.9 million, $49.2 million and $7.5 million for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively. Net cash used in investing activities during the year ended December 31, 2004 was primarily for the net purchase of short-term and long-term investments, as well as to fund capital expenditures to bring our recently acquired IBX centers in the Silicon Valley and Washington, D.C. metro areas to Equinix standards and to support our growing customer base. Net cash used in investing activities during the year ended December 31, 2003 was primarily the result of the purchase of short-term investments and some nominal amount of capital expenditures, partially offset by the release of restricted cash to fund a cash interest payment on our senior notes in January 2003. Net cash used in investing activities during the year ended December 31, 2002 was primarily attributable to the liquidation of accrued construction costs for the New York metro area IBX center, which opened during the first quarter of 2002, partially offset by the sale of short-term investments. For 2005 and 2006, we anticipate that our cash used in investing activities, excluding the purchases, sales and maturities of short-term and long-term investments, will primarily be for our capital expenditures as well as any additional purchases of real estate, such as our recent purchase of the Ashburn campus in the Washington, D.C. metro area in October 2005 for $53.0 million, plus closing costs, as well as the costs to bring these recently-acquired IBX centers to our standards. Regarding the Los Angeles IBX acquisition, in October 2005, we entered into a purchase and sale agreement to sell the Los Angeles IBX for $38.7 million and to lease it back from the purchaser pursuant to a long-term lease, which we expect to close before the end of 2005. Regarding the Ashburn IBX property acquisition, we intend to sell those buildings within the Ashburn campus that will not be used for our current operations or expansion plans.
Net cash provided by financing activities was $6.7 million and $15.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. Net cash provided by financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2005, was primarily the result of proceeds from the exercises of warrants and employee stock options and purchases from our employee stock purchase plans, offset primarily by principal payments for our debt facility and capital lease obligation. Net cash provided by financing activities for the nine months ended September 30, 2004, was primarily the result of the $86.3 million in gross proceeds from our convertible debenture offering, offset by $74.0 million in payments on our credit facility, senior notes and other debt facilities and capital lease obligations, as well as debt extinguishment costs associated with paying down these facilities. Net cash generated by financing activities was $19.2 million, $52.3 million and $16.9 million for the years ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively. Net cash generated by financing activities for the year ended December 31, 2004, was primarily the result of the $86.3 million in gross proceeds from our convertible debenture offering, offset by $70.8 million in payments on our credit facility, senior notes and other debt facilities and capital lease obligations, as well as debt extinguishment costs associated with paying down these facilities and $7.3 million in proceeds from our various employee stock plans. Net cash provided by financing activities during the year ended December 31, 2003 was primarily the result of the $104.4 million in net proceeds of our follow-on equity offering and $10.0 million in proceeds from the Crosslink financing, partially offset by $57.2 million in payments on our credit
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facility and $6.1 million in payments on our various other debt facilities and capital lease obligations. Net cash generated by financing activities during the year ended December 31, 2002 was primarily attributable to the cash acquired in the acquisitions of i-STT Pte. Ltd. and Pihana and proceeds from our $30.0 million convertible secured notes, offset by payments of $17.7 million used to retire approximately $169.5 million of our senior notes and the costs associated with the exchange of the senior notes and repayments under our credit facility of $13.5 million. In October 2005, we drew down $30.0 million of the $50.0 million Silicon Valley Bank revolving credit line. In addition, regarding the October 2005 purchase of the Ashburn campus, we subsequently entered into a non-binding letter of intent to finance the Ashburn campus with a $60 million, 8% mortgage to be amortized over 20 years, which we currently expect to close before the end of 2005.
Debt Obligations Non-Convertible Debt
As of September 30, 2005, our non-convertible debt totaled $79.5 million and was comprised of our (i) Washington D.C. metro area IBX capital lease, (ii) San Jose IBX equipment and fiber debt facility, (iii) Sunnyvale IBX equipment capital lease and (iv) Chicago IBX equipment debt facility. In addition, in October 2005, we drew down $30.0 million of the $50.0 million Silicon Valley Bank revolving credit line. Furthermore, as of October 31, 2005, in addition to the $30.0 million drawdown described above, we had utilized $5.2 million of the credit line through the issuance of letters of credit, and, as a result, we had $14.8 million of additional liquidity available to us under the $50.0 million Silicon Valley Bank revolving credit line.
Washington D.C. Metro Area IBX Capital Lease. In April 2004, we entered into a long-term lease for a 95,000 square foot data center in the Washington, D.C. metro area. The center is adjacent to our existing Washington D.C. metro area IBX center. This lease, which includes the leasing of all of the IBX plant and machinery equipment located in the building, is a capital lease. We took possession of this property during the fourth quarter of 2004, and as a result, recorded property and equipment assets, as well as a capital lease obligation, totaling $35.3 million. Payments under this lease, which commenced in November 2004, will be made monthly through 2019 at an effective interest rate of 8.50% per annum. As of September 30, 2005, principal of $34.7 million remained outstanding under this lease.
San Jose IBX Equipment and Fiber Debt Facility. In December 2004, we entered into a long-term lease for a 103,000 square foot data center in San Jose, and at the same time entered into separate agreements to purchase the equipment located within this new IBX center and to interconnect all three of our Silicon Valley area IBX centers to each other through redundant dark fiber links. Under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, these three separate agreements are considered to be a single arrangement. Furthermore, while the building component of this transaction is classified as a long-term operating lease, the equipment and fiber portions of the transaction are classified as financed assets under a debt facility. We took possession of this property during the first quarter of 2005, and as a result, recorded property and equipment and prepaid fiber assets, as well as debt, totaling $18.7 million. Payments under this debt facility will be made monthly through May 2020 at an effective interest rate of 8.50% per annum. As of September 30, 2005, principal of $15.0 million remained outstanding under this debt facility.
Sunnyvale IBX Equipment Capital Lease. In June 2005, we entered into a long-term lease for a 120,000 square foot data center in Sunnyvale, California. This lease includes the leasing of all of the IBX plant and machinery equipment located within the building. As a result, we assessed the fair value of both the building and equipment elements of this lease and then assigned the relative fair value to each element. We determined that the building component of the lease is a long-term operating lease and the equipment portion of the lease is a capital lease. We will take possession of this property in October 2005, and as a result, will record IBX equipment assets, as well as a capital lease obligation liability, totaling approximately $20.1 million at that time. Payments under the capital lease portion of this lease will be made monthly, commencing October 2005 through September 2020, at an effective interest rate of approximately 7.50% per annum. Principal of approximately $20.1 million will be recorded on our balance sheet in October 2005. Our proposed accounting treatment of this lease is based on our preliminary assessment. Our final accounting treatment for this lease will be completed in the fourth quarter of 2005.
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Chicago IBX Equipment Debt Facility. In July 2005, we entered into a long-term lease for a 107,000 square foot data center in Chicago, and at the same time entered into a separate agreement to purchase the equipment located within this IBX center. Under U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, these two separate agreements are considered to be a single arrangement. Furthermore, while the building component of this transaction is classified as a long-term operating lease, the equipment portion of the transaction is classified as financed assets under a debt facility. We will take possession of this property and take title to the equipment assets in November 2005, and as a result, will record IBX equipment assets, as well as debt, totaling approximately $9.7 million at that time. Payments under this debt facility will be made monthly, commencing November 2005 through August 2015, at an effective interest rate of approximately 7.50% per annum. Principal of approximately $9.7 million will be recorded on our balance sheet in November 2005. Our proposed accounting treatment of this lease is based on our preliminary assessment. Our final accounting treatment for this lease will be completed in the fourth quarter of 2005.
$50.0 Million Silicon Valley Bank Revolving Credit Line. In December 2004, we entered into a $25.0 million line of credit arrangement with Silicon Valley Bank that matured in December 2006. This facility was a $25.0 million revolving line of credit which, at our election, up to $10.0 million could have been converted into a 24-month term loan, repayable in eight quarterly installments. We referred to this transaction as the Silicon Valley Bank credit line. Borrowings under the Silicon Valley Bank credit line bore interest at floating interest rates, plus applicable margins, based either on the prime rate or LIBOR. The Silicon Valley Bank credit line also featured sublimits, which allowed us to issue letters of credit, enter into foreign exchange forward contracts and make advances for cash management services. Our utilization under any of these sublimits would have the effect of reducing the amount available for borrowing under the Silicon Valley Bank credit line during the period that such sublimits remain utilized and outstanding. The Silicon Valley Bank credit line was collateralized by substantially all of our domestic assets and contained numerous covenants, including financial covenants, such as maintaining minimum cash balance levels and meeting minimum quarterly revenue targets. This line of credit remained undrawn since inception. In September 2005, we amended the Silicon Valley Bank credit line by entering into a $50.0 million revolving line of credit agreement with Silicon Valley Bank, replacing the previously outstanding $25.0 million line of credit arrangement with the same bank. The new $50.0 million Silicon Valley Bank revolving credit line has a three-year commitment, which enables us to borrow, repay and re-borrow the full amount, up to September 15, 2008. We refer to this transaction as the $50.0 million Silicon Valley Bank revolving credit line. Borrowings under the $50.0 million Silicon Valley Bank revolving credit line bear interest at floating interest rates, plus applicable margins, based either on the prime rate or LIBOR. As of September 30, 2005, the $50.0 million Silicon Valley Bank revolving credit line had an interest rate of 5.61% per annum. The $50.0 million Silicon Valley Bank revolving credit line also features sublimits, which allow us to issue letters of credit, enter into foreign exchange forward contracts and make advances for cash management services. Our utilization under any of these sublimits would have the effect of reducing the amount available for borrowing under the $50.0 million Silicon Valley Bank revolving credit line during the period that such sublimits remain utilized and outstanding. As of September 30, 2005, we had utilized $5.2 million under the letters of credit sublimit with the issuance of four letters of credit and, as a result, reduced the amount of borrowings available to us from $50.0 million to $44.8 million. The $50.0 million Silicon Valley Bank revolving credit line is collateralized by substantially all of our domestic assets and contains several financial covenants which require compliance with maximum leverage ratios, working capital ratios and a minimum EBITDA target, which we were in compliance with as of October 31, 2005.
In October 2005, we drew down a portion of the $50.0 million Silicon Valley Bank revolving credit line. We elected to borrow $30.0 million at a one-month LIBOR interest rate, inclusive of the applicable margin, of 5.72% per annum, which we refer to as the $30.0 million drawdown. The $30.0 million drawdown was used to fund a portion of the purchase of the Ashburn IBX property acquisition. Upon the one-month maturity date of the $30.0 million drawdown, we may elect to either repay all or a portion of the $30.0 million drawdown, or convert the $30.0 million drawdown into a new borrowing at either the then applicable one, three or six month LIBOR rate plus an applicable margin or at the prime rate. Borrowings under the $50.0 million Silicon Valley Bank revolving credit line may be borrowed, repaid and reborrowed at a later date up to the final maturity date of the
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$50.0 million Silicon Valley Bank revolving credit line, which is September 16, 2008. As of October 31, 2005, in addition to the $30.0 million drawdown described above, we had utilized $5.2 million of the credit line through the issuance of letters of credit, and, as a result, we had $14.8 million remaining available for borrowing under the $50.0 million Silicon Valley Bank revolving credit line.
Debt Obligations Convertible Debt
Convertible Secured Notes. In December 2002, in conjunction with the combination, STT Communications made a $30.0 million strategic investment in us in the form of a 14% convertible secured note due November 2007. The interest on the convertible secured note is payable in kind in the form of additional convertible secured notes, which we refer to as PIK notes. During 2003 and through December 31, 2004, we had issued $8.5 million in PIK notes. The convertible secured note and PIK notes issued to STT Communications are convertible into our preferred and common stock at a price of $9.18 per underlying share, and are convertible anytime at the option of STT Communications. Upon certain conditions, including if the closing price of our common stock exceeds $32.12 per share for thirty consecutive trading days, we had the option of converting the convertible secured notes beginning in 2005. In January 2005, we exercised this right and converted 95% of the outstanding convertible secured notes and unpaid interest, held by STT Communications, into 4.1 million shares of our preferred stock, which was subsequently converted into 4.1 million shares of our common stock in February 2005. We refer to this transaction as the STT convertible secured notes conversion. The remaining 5% of the convertible secured notes outstanding, totaling $1.9 million, will be eligible for conversion by Equinix in early 2006 into approximately 250,000 shares (including anticipated interest expense through early 2006), provided that the closing price of our common stock again exceeds $32.12 per share for thirty consecutive trading days.
As of September 30, 2005, a total of $2.1 million of convertible secured notes were outstanding, including PIK notes, which is presented, net of unamortized discount, on our balance sheet at $2.0 million. All interest expense associated with our convertible secured notes, including the amortization of the unamortized discount and our unamortized debt issuance costs, represent non-cash interest expense in our statements of operation and cash flow as no cash is expended for this interest.
Convertible Subordinated Debentures. During February 2004, we sold $86.3 million in aggregate principal amount of 2.5% convertible subordinated debentures due 2024 to qualified institutional buyers. We used the net proceeds from this offering primarily to repay all amounts outstanding under our credit facility and two of our other debt facilities, as well as fully redeemed our remaining 13% senior notes. The interest on the convertible subordinated debentures is payable semi-annually every February and August, which commenced August 2004. Unlike our convertible secured notes, the interest on our convertible subordinated debentures is payable in cash. Our convertible subordinated debentures are convertible into 2.2 million shares of our common stock.
Holders of the convertible subordinated debentures may require us to purchase all or a portion of their debentures on February 15, 2009, February 15, 2014 and February 15, 2019, in each case at a price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the debentures plus any accrued and unpaid interest. In addition, holders of the convertible subordinated debentures may convert their debentures into shares of our common stock upon certain defined circumstances, including during any calendar quarter if the closing price of our common stock is greater than or equal to 120% of $39.50 per share of our common stock, or approximately $47.40 per share, for twenty consecutive trading days during the period of thirty consecutive trading days ending on the last day of the previous calendar quarter. We may redeem all or a portion of the debentures at any time after February 15, 2009 at a redemption price equal to 100% of the principal amount of the debentures plus any accrued and unpaid interest.
Accrued Restructuring Charge
During the quarter ended December 31, 2004, we recorded a restructuring charge of $17.7 million. In light of the availability of fully built-out data centers in select markets at costs significantly below those costs we would incur in building out new space, we made the decision in December 2004 to exit leases for excess space
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adjacent to one of our New York metro area IBXs, as well as space on the floor above our original Los Angeles IBX. The restructuring charge consisted of (i) a $13.9 million charge representing the present value of our estimated future cash payments, net of any estimated subrental income and expense, through the remainder of these lease terms; and (ii) a write-off of property and equipment of $3.8 million, representing the write-off of all remaining property and equipment attributed to the excess space on the floor above our Los Angeles IBX. We entered into a two-year sublease agreement for the excess space in the New York metro area and are currently evaluating opportunities related to our excess space in Los Angeles. In future periods, we will record accretion expense to accrete our accrued restructuring liability up to an amount equal to the total estimated future cash payments necessary to complete the exit of these leases. We expect that as a result of these restructuring charges, we will realize annual savings commencing in 2005 of approximately $1.8 million. As of December 31, 2004, we had an accrued restructuring charge of $14.8 million recorded as a liability on our balance sheet related to these excess lease spaces. During the nine months ended September 30, 2005, we recorded $661,000 of accretion expense related to these excess lease spaces and incurred net cash payments of $1.4 million resulting in an accrued restructuring charge liability on our balance sheet of $14.0 million as of September 30, 2005. We are contractually committed to these two excess space leases through 2015.
Debt Maturities and Leases and Other Contractual Commitments
We lease our IBX centers and certain equipment under non-cancelable lease agreements expiring through 2020. The following represents our debt maturities and leases and other contractual commitments as of September 30, 2005 (in thousands):
Convertible secured notes |
Convertible subordinated debentures |
Debt facility and capital lease (1) |
Operating leases covered under accrued restructuring charges |
Other leases (2) |
Other purchase commitments |
Total |
||||||||||||||||||
2005 (three months) |
$ | | $ | | $ | 1,276 | $ | 838 | $ | 11,234 | $ | 1,126 | $ | 14,474 | ||||||||||
2006 |
| | 5,181 | 2,766 | 38,392 | | 46,339 | |||||||||||||||||
2007 |
2,058 | | 5,332 | 3,216 | 34,564 | | 45,170 | |||||||||||||||||
2008 |
| | 5,488 | 3,262 | 33,554 | | 42,304 | |||||||||||||||||
2009 |
| 86,250 | 5,648 | 3,309 | 33,453 | | 128,660 | |||||||||||||||||
2010 and thereafter |
| | 66,643 | 19,964 | 210,034 | | 296,641 | |||||||||||||||||
2,058 | 86,250 | 89,568 | 33,355 | 361,231 | 1,126 | 573,588 | ||||||||||||||||||
Less amount representing interest |
| | (39,865 | ) | | | | (39,865 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Less amount representing estimated subrental income and expense |
| | | (15,610 | ) | | | (15,610 | ) | |||||||||||||||
Less amount representing accretion |
| | | (3,782 | ) | | | (3,782 | ) | |||||||||||||||
$ | 2,058 | $ | 86,250 | $ | 49,703 | $ | 13,963 | $ | 361,231 | $ | 1,126 | $ | 514,331 | |||||||||||
(1) | Includes our Washington D.C. metro area IBX capital lease and San Jose IBX equipment and fiber debt facility. |
(2) | Represents off-balance sheet arrangements, which are comprised of numerous operating leases and our Sunnyvale IBX equipment capital lease and our Chicago IBX equipment debt facility, which will be recorded on our balance sheet in October 2005 and November 2005, respectively, concurrent with when we take possession of these properties and the equipment located within these new IBX centers. |
In October 2005, we purchased an office/warehouse complex known as the Beaumeade Business Park located in Ashburn, Virginia, which we refer to as the Ashburn campus. We purchased the entire 32.6-acre Ashburn campus containing six buildings with approximately 462,000 rentable square feet that is approximately
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95% leased. We refer to this transaction as the Ashburn IBX property acquisition. We currently occupy approximately 269,000 square feet within three of the buildings. Payments due under the Ashburn IBX property acquisition total $53.0 million plus closing costs, which we paid for in full with cash in October 2005. We will continue to operate our existing data centers within the Ashburn campus. We intend to sell those buildings that will not be used for our current operations or expansion plans. In addition, we have entered into a non-binding letter of intent to finance the Ashburn campus with a $60.0 million, 8% mortgage to be amortized over 20 years. We refer to this transaction as the Ashburn campus financing. The Ashburn campus financing is subject to the completion of definitive agreements, and although there is no assurance that the definitive agreements will be completed, we currently expect the Ashburn campus financing to close before the end of 2005. This subsequent event commitment is not reflected in the table above.
In October 2005, we drew down a portion of the $50.0 million Silicon Valley Bank revolving credit line. We elected to borrow $30.0 million at a one-month LIBOR interest rate, inclusive of the applicable margin, of 5.72% per annum, which we refer to as the $30.0 million drawdown. The $30.0 million drawdown was used to fund a portion of the purchase of the Ashburn IBX property acquisition. Upon the one-month maturity date of the $30.0 million drawdown, we may elect to either repay all or a portion of the $30.0 million drawdown, or convert the $30.0 million drawdown into a new borrowing at either the then applicable one, three or six month LIBOR rate plus an applicable margin or at the prime rate. Borrowings under the $50.0 million Silicon Valley Bank revolving credit line may be borrowed, repaid and reborrowed at a later date up to the final maturity date of the $50.0 million Silicon Valley Bank revolving credit line, which is September 16, 2008. As of the date of filing of prospectus supplement, we had $14.8 million remaining available for borrowing under the $50.0 million Silicon Valley Bank revolving credit line. This subsequent event commitment is not reflected in the table above.
In October 2005, we announced that we had entered into a non-binding letter of intent for the early termination of our 39 acre San Jose ground lease whereby we will pay $40.0 million over the next four years, commencing January 1, 2006, to terminate this lease, which would otherwise require significantly higher cumulative lease payments through 2020. We refer to this transaction as the San Jose ground lease termination. As a result of the San Jose ground lease termination, we expect to incur a significant restructuring charge in the fourth quarter of 2005. This transaction is subject to the completion of definitive agreements, and although there is no assurance that the definitive agreements will be completed, we currently expect the transaction to close before the end of the year. This subsequent event change in commitment is not reflected in the table above.
In connection with four of our IBX operating leases, we have entered into four irrevocable letters of credit with Silicon Valley Bank. These letters of credit were provided in lieu of cash deposits under the letters of credit sublimit provision in connection with the $50.0 million Silicon Valley Bank revolving credit line. The letters of credit total $5.2 million, are collateralized by the $50.0 million Silicon Valley Bank revolving credit line and automatically renew in successive one-year periods until the final lease expiration dates. If the landlords for any of these four IBX operating leases decide to draw down on these letters of credit, we will be required to fund these letters of credit either through cash collateral or borrowings under the $50.0 million Silicon Valley Bank revolving credit line. This contingent commitment is not reflected in the table above.
As a result of our recent IBX expansions in the Washington D.C., Silicon Valley, Chicago and Los Angeles metro areas, we anticipate that we will incur capital expenditures in excess of what we would otherwise spend had we not acquired these new IBXs. Although we are not contractually obligated to do so, we expect to incur additional capital expenditures in these four markets during the fourth quarter of 2005 and first half of 2006 of approximately $50.0 to $55.0 million in order to bring these new IBXs up to Equinix standards, of which approximately $15.0 to $17.0 million would be incurred during the fourth quarter of 2005. This non-contractual capital expenditure spending is not reflected in the table above. However, as of September 30, 2005, we were contractually committed to purchase $1.1 million of IBX plant and machinery equipment for our new Chicago IBX center, which the Company expects to receive in early November 2005. This $1.1 million other purchase commitment is reflected in the table above.
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Strategically, we will continue to look at attractive opportunities to grow our market share and selectively improve our footprint and service offerings, such as our acquisition of the Sprint property in Santa Clara in December 2003, our 2004 expansions in the Washington, D.C. and Silicon Valley metro area markets and our 2005 expansions in the Silicon Valley, Chicago and Los Angeles metro area markets. However, we will continue to be very selective with any similar opportunity. As was the case with these recent expansions in the Washington, D.C., Silicon Valley, Chicago and Los Angeles metro area markets, the criteria will be dependent on demand from new and existing customers, quality of the design, power capacity, access to networks, capacity availability in current market location, amount of incremental investment required by us in the targeted property, lead-time to breakeven and our ability to attract the customers already being served, if any, at the acquired IBX center. Like our recent expansions, the right combination of these factors may be attractive for us. Dependent on the particular deal, these acquisitions may require upfront cash payments and additional capital expenditures or may be funded through long-term financing arrangements in order to bring these centers up to Equinix standards. Property expansion may be in the form of a purchase of real property, as was the case with our recent Los Angeles IBX acquisition, or a long-term leasing arrangement.
In addition to our successful strategy of acquiring previously or partially built-out centers, we will also consider the possibility of new construction in selective markets where the inventory for high quality data centers is limited. Decisions to build will consider factors such as customer demand, market pricing and anticipated financial returns associated with the construction. Future purchases or construction may be completed with partners or potential customers to minimize the outlay of cash.
As of September 30, 2005, our principal source of liquidity was our $108.3 million of cash, cash equivalents and short-term and long-term investments. We believe that this cash, coupled with our anticipated cash flows generated from operations, will be sufficient to meet our capital expenditure, debt service and corporate overhead requirements to meet our currently identified business objectives. In addition, as of the date of October 31, 2005, in addition to the $30.0 million drawdown described earlier, we had utilized $5.2 million of the credit line through the issuance of letters of credit, and, as a result, we had $14.8 million of additional liquidity available to us under our $50.0 million Silicon Valley Bank revolving credit line in the event we need additional cash to pursue attractive strategic opportunities that may become available in the future.
Recent Accounting Pronouncements
In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 123(R), Share-Based Payment. SFAS No. 123(R) revises SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation and requires companies to expense the fair value of employee stock options and other forms of stock-based compensation, such as employee stock purchase plans and restricted stock awards. In addition, SFAS No. 123(R) supercedes Accounting Principles Board Opinion (APB) No. 25, Accounting for Stock Issued to Employees and amends SFAS No. 95, Statement of Cash Flows. Under the provisions of SFAS No. 123(R), stock-based compensation awards must meet certain criteria in order for the award to qualify for equity classification. An award that does not meet those criteria will be classified as a liability and be remeasured each period. SFAS No. 123(R) retains the requirements on accounting for the income tax effects of stock-based compensation contained in SFAS No. 123; however, it changes how excess tax benefits will be presented in the statement of cash flows. In addition, in March 2005, the SEC issued Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 107 (SAB No. 107), which offers guidance on SFAS No. 123(R). SAB No. 107 was issued to assist preparers by simplifying some of the implementation challenges of SFAS No. 123(R) while enhancing the information that investors receive. Key topics of SAB No. 107 include discussion on the valuation models available to preparers and guidance on key assumptions used in these valuation models, such as expected volatility and expected term, as well as guidance on accounting for the income tax effects of SFAS No. 123(R) and disclosure considerations, among other topics. SFAS No. 123(R) and SAB No. 107 were effective for reporting periods beginning after June 15, 2005; however in April 2005, the SEC approved a new rule that SFAS No. 123(R) and SAB No. 107 are now effective for public companies for annual, rather than interim, periods beginning after June 15, 2005. We are currently considering the financial accounting, income tax and internal control implications of SFAS No. 123(R), including related FASB Staff Positions issued during 2005, and SAB
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No. 107. The adoption of SFAS No. 123(R), including related FASB Staff Positions issued during 2005, and SAB No. 107 are expected to have a significant impact on our financial position and results of operations.
In December 2004, the FASB issued SFAS No. 153, Exchanges of Nonmonetary Assets, an Amendment of APB Opinion No. 29. SFAS No. 153 addresses the measurement of exchanges of nonmonetary assets. It eliminates the exception from fair value measurement for nonmonetary exchanges of similar productive assets contained in APB Opinion No. 29 and replaces it with an exception for exchanges that do not have commercial substance. SFAS No. 153 specifies that a nonmonetary exchange has commercial substance if the future cash flows of an entity are expected to change significantly as a result of the exchange. SFAS No. 153 is effective for fiscal periods beginning after June 15, 2005. As the provisions of SFAS No. 153 are to be applied prospectively, the adoption of SFAS No. 153 will not have an impact on our historical financial statements; however, we will assess the impact of the adoption of this pronouncement on any future nonmonetary transactions that we enter into, if any.
In March 2005, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. 47, Accounting for Conditional Asset Retirement Obligations, an Interpretation of FASB Statement No. 143 (FIN No. 47). FIN No. 47 clarifies that the term, conditional retirement obligation, as used in SFAS No. 143, Accounting for Asset Retirement Obligations, refers to a legal obligation to perform an asset retirement activity in which the timing and/or method of settlement are conditional on a future event that may or may not be within the control of the entity. FIN No. 47 further clarifies that the obligation to perform the asset retirement activity is unconditional even though uncertainty exists about the timing and/or method of settlement and provides guidance on how an entity might reasonably estimate the fair value of such a conditional asset retirement obligation. FIN No. 47 is effective for fiscal years ending after December 15, 2005. We are currently in the process of evaluating the impact that the adoption of FIN No. 47 will have on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
In June 2005, the FASB approved EITF Issue 05-6, Determining the Amortization Period for Leasehold Improvements Purchased after Lease Inception or Acquired in a Business Combination (EITF 05-6). EITF 05-6 addresses the amortization period for leasehold improvements acquired in a business combination and leasehold improvements that are placed in service significantly after and not contemplated at the beginning of a lease term. EITF 05-6 states that (i) leasehold improvements acquired in a business combination should be amortized over the shorter of the useful life of the assets or a term that includes required lease periods and renewals that are deemed to be reasonably assured at the date of acquisition and (ii) leasehold improvements that are placed into service significantly after and not contemplated at or near the beginning of the lease term should be amortized over the shorter of the useful life of the assets or a term that includes required lease periods and renewals that are deemed to be reasonably assured at the date the leasehold improvements are purchased. EITF 05-6 is effective for leasehold improvements that are purchased or acquired in reporting periods beginning after June 29, 2005. The adoption of EITF 05-6 has not had a significant impact on our financial position and results of operations.
In September 2005, the FASB approved EITF Issue 05-7, Accounting for Modifications to Conversion Options Embedded in Debt Securities and Related Issues (EITF 05-7). EITF 05-7 addresses that the change in the fair value of an embedded conversion option upon modification should be included in the analysis under EITF Issue 96-19, Debtors Accounting for a Modification or Exchange of Debt Instruments, to determine whether a modification or extinguishment has occurred and that changes to the fair value of a conversion option affects the interest expense on the associated debt instrument following a modification. Therefore, the change in fair value of the conversion option should be recognized upon the modification as a discount or premium associated with the debt, and an increase or decrease in additional paid-in capital. EITF 05-7 is effective for all debt modifications in annual or interim periods beginning after December 15, 2005. We are currently in the process of evaluating the impact that the adoption of EITF 05-7 will have on our financial position and results of operations.
In September 2005, the FASB approved EITF Issue 05-8, Income Tax Consequences of Issuing Convertible Debt with a Beneficial Conversion Feature (EITF 05-8). EITF 05-8 addresses that (i) the recognition of a beneficial conversion feature creates a difference between the book basis and tax basis (basis difference) of a convertible debt instrument, (ii) that basis difference is a temporary difference for which a
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deferred tax liability should be recorded and (iii) the effect of recognizing the deferred tax liability should be charged to equity in accordance with SFAS No. 109. EITF 05-8 is effective for financial statements for periods beginning after December 15, 2005, and must be adopted through retrospective application to all periods presented. As a result, EITF 05-8 applies to debt instruments that were converted or extinguished in prior periods as well as to those currently outstanding. We are currently in the process of evaluating the impact that the adoption of EITF 05-8 will have on our financial position, results of operations and cash flows.
In October 2005, the FASB issued FASB Staff Position No. SFAS 13-1 (FSP SFAS 13-1), which addresses the accounting for rental costs associated with building and ground operating leases that are incurred during a construction period. The FASB decided that such rental costs incurred during a construction period shall be recognized as rental expense. A lessee should cease capitalizing rental costs as of the effective date of FSP SFAS 13-1. The guidance in FSP SFAS 13-1 shall be applied to the first reporting period beginning after December 15, 2005. Early adoption is permitted for financial statements or interim financial statements that have not yet been issued. A lessee shall cease capitalizing rental costs as of the effective date of FSP SFAS 13-1 for operating lease arrangements entered into prior to the effective date of FSP SFAS 13-1. The adoption of FSP SFAS 13-1 will not have a significant impact on our financial position, results of operations or cash flows as we already expense such rental costs related to building and ground operating leases incurred during the pre-construction and construction periods.
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Conclusion Regarding the Effectiveness of Disclosure Controls and Procedures
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation of our disclosure controls and procedures, as such term is defined under Rule 13a-15(e) promulgated under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act). Based on this evaluation, our Chief Executive Officer and our Chief Financial Officer concluded that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2005.
Managements Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting
Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting, as such term is defined in Exchange Act Rule 13a-15(f). Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
Under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, we conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework in Internal ControlIntegrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission.
Based on our evaluation under the framework in Internal ControlIntegrated Framework, our management concluded that our internal control over financial reporting was effective as of December 31, 2004.
Our managements assessment of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2004 has been audited by PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP, an independent registered public accounting firm, as stated in their report which is included herein on page S-F-2 of this prospectus supplement.
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Overview
Equinix provides network neutral colocation, interconnection and managed services to enterprises, content companies, systems integrators and the worlds largest network providers. Through our Internet Business Exchange hubs, or IBX hubs, in eleven markets in the U.S. and Asia-Pacific, customers can directly interconnect with each other for critical traffic exchange requirements. Direct interconnection to our aggregation of networks, which serve more than 90% of the worlds Internet routes, allows our customers to increase performance while significantly reducing costs. Based on our network neutral model and the quality of our IBX hubs, we believe we have established a critical mass of customers. This critical mass and the resulting network effect combined with a strong financial position continue to drive new customer growth and bookings. As a result of our largely fixed cost model, any growth in revenue would likely drive incremental margins and increased operating cash flow.
Our network neutral business model is a key differentiator for us in the market. Because we do not operate a network, we are able to offer our customers direct interconnection to the largest aggregation of bandwidth providers and Internet service providers. The worlds top tier Internet service providers, numerous access networks, second tier providers and international carriers such as AOL, AT&T, British Telecom, Cable & Wireless, Comcast, Level 3, MCI, NTT, SingTel and Qwest are all currently located at our IBX hubs. Access to such a wide variety of networks has attracted 9 of the top 10 Internet properties and numerous other enterprise and government customers, including Amazon.com, Electronic Arts, Fox Sports, Fujitsu, Gannett, The Gap, Goldman Sachs, Google, IBM, MSN, NASA, Solo Cup, Sony, Washington Mutual, and Yahoo!.
Our services are comprised of three types: Colocation, Interconnection, and Managed IT Infrastructure services.
| Colocation services include cabinets, power, operations space and storage space for our customers colocation needs. |
| Interconnection services provide scalable and reliable connectivity that allow our customers to exchange traffic directly with the service provider of their choice. |
| Managed IT infrastructure services allow our customers to leverage our significant telecommunications expertise, maximize the benefits of our IBX hubs and optimize their infrastructure and resources. |
The market for our services has historically been served by large telecommunications carriers who have bundled their telecommunications services and managed services with their colocation offerings. A number of these telecommunications carriers have recently eliminated or reduced their colocation footprint to focus on their core businesses. Additionally, many of the competitive providers have failed to scale their businesses and have been forced to exit the market. This reduction in supply in the industry has stabilized pricing and increased the demand for our centers because we have gained many of those customers displaced from these companies as access to their networks is also available in our IBX hubs. Strategically, we will continue to look at attractive opportunities to grow our market share and selectively improve our footprint and service offerings.
Industry Background
The Internet is a collection of numerous independent networks interconnected with each other to form a network of networks. Users on different networks are able to communicate with each other through interconnection between these networks. For example, when a user of the Internet sends an email to another user, assuming that each person uses a different network provider, the email must pass from one network to the other in order to get to the final destination.
In order to accommodate the rapid growth of Internet traffic, an organized approach for network interconnection was needed. The exchange of traffic between these networks became known as peering. Peering
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is when networks trade traffic at relatively equal amounts and set up agreements to trade traffic at no charge to the other party. At first, government and non-profit organizations established places where these networks could exchange traffic, or peer, with each otherthese points were known as network access points, or NAPs. Over time, many NAPs became a natural extension of carrier services and were run by such companies as MFS (now a part of MCI), Sprint, Ameritech and Pacific Bell (both now known as SBC).
Ultimately, these NAPs were unable to scale with the growth of the Internet and the lack of neutrality by the carrier owners of these NAPs created a conflict of interest with the participants. This created a market need for network neutral interconnection points that could accommodate the rapidly growing need to increase performance for enterprise and consumer users of the Internet, especially with the rise of important content providers such as Microsoft, Yahoo!, AOL and others. In addition, the providers, as well as a growing number of enterprises required a more secure, reliable solution for direct connection to a variety of telecommunications networks as the importance of their Internet operations continued to grow.
To accommodate Internet traffic growth, the largest of these networks left the NAPs and began trading traffic by placing private circuits between each other. Peering which once occurred at the NAP locations were moved to these private circuits. Over the years, these circuits became expensive to expand and could not be built fast enough to accommodate the growth in traffic. This led to a need by the large carriers to find a more efficient way to trade traffic or peer. Customers have chosen Equinix for peering because they are now able to reach all of the networks with which they peer with in one location, with simple direct connections. Their ability to peer across the room, instead of across a metro area has increased the scalability of their operations while decreasing cost by upwards of 70%.
Our IBX centers are the next-generation interconnection points. They are designed to handle the scalability issues that exist between both large and small networks, as well as the interconnection between companies who have become critical to the Internet. We have been successful in uniting the major companies that make up the Internet infrastructure including AT&T, Level 3, MCI, Qwest, SAVVIS and Sprint. These companies, which constitute the worlds top Internet service providers, together with most of the major broadband networks, including AOL, Comcast, Cox Communications and MSN, second tier backbones such as Global Crossing, Verio and WilTel, top international telecommunications carriers, including Bell Canada, British Telecom, Deutsche Telecom, France Telecom, Japan Telecom, KDDI, SingTel, StarHub, Telia and Telstra, and a number of fiber, sonet, Ethernet and competitive local exchange companies, including Looking Glass Networks and OnFiber Communications, and incumbent local exchange companies, including BellSouth, SBC and Verizon, are our customers and use us to interconnect with each other and their customers. Additionally, we provide an important industry leadership role in the area of exchange points and are consistently looked to as an industry expert and key influencer in this subject matter.
Content providers and enterprises can now control their own network performance by economically reaching the various service providers they wish to work with by establishing direct connections for this connectivity. For our customers, this represents significant cost savings and increased flexibility to move among providers.
Our Solution
Our IBX centers provide the environment and services to meet the networking and IT operations challenges facing enterprises, networks and Internet businesses today. As a result, we are able to provide the following key benefits to our customers:
Quality. Our IBX centers provide customers with a secure, high quality solution for their colocation needs. Enterprise and content companies have demanding requirements for data center uptime, security, power backup and other important attributes. We have designed our IBX centers and processes to exceed the requirements for the most important financial institutions, government agencies and key enterprise brands such as Amazon.com,
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The Gap, Goldman Sachs, Macromedia, Solo Cup, Sony and Ticketmaster. We have a track record of 99.999% uptime and are continually testing and refining processes to ensure that we will continue to provide high levels of stability and quality.
Performance. Because we provide direct access to the providers that serve more than 90% of the worlds Internet routes and users, customers can quickly, efficiently, cost-effectively and reliably exchange traffic with their network services providers for higher performance operations. The ability to connect directly to the more than 200 networks enables high-quality direct interconnection. With the mass of networks present, global enterprises are increasingly looking at ways to provide network diversity and increase performance of their operations, and are utilizing our IBX centers to ensure their IT infrastructures are operating at the interconnection hub of the Internet. By using multiple networks, customers are able to build redundancy into their operations in the event that one of their network service providers has a service interruption or restructuring in their business. The network service providers and geographic diversity we offer provides customers with the flexibility to enable the highest performing Internet operations.
Improved Economics. Our services such as Equinix GigE Exchange and Equinix Internet Core Exchange facilitate peering and dramatically reduce costs for critical transit, peering and traffic exchange operations by eliminating the costs of private peering or local loops. Networks such as Cox Communications, China Telecom, Japan Telcom and SBC and content providers such as Electronic Arts, Google, MSN and Yahoo! can save between 20% and 70% of bandwidth costs through the traffic exchange services we offer. In addition, content companies and enterprises can save significant bandwidth costs because the number of networks housed within Equinix competing for the traffic of these companies results in lower prices while providing increased performance.
Access to International Markets. We offer our network, content and enterprise customers a one-stop solution for their outsourced IT infrastructure needs in the U.S. and Asia-Pacific. This is especially important for U.S. enterprises who want to expand into Asia-Pacific, where the myriad of complexities for doing business in each country remains challenging. We offer a consistent standard of quality, a single contract and a single point of support for all our locations throughout the U.S. and Asia-Pacific.
Our Strategy
Our objective is to become the premier hub for critical Internet properties, enterprises, content providers and government agencies to locate their Internet operations in order to gain maximum benefits from the choice of networks and partners in the most simple and efficient manner. Key components of our strategy include the following:
Continue to Build upon our Critical Mass of Network Providers and Content Companies, and Grow our Position within Enterprise and Government. We have assembled a critical mass of premier network providers and content companies and have become one of the core hubs of the Internet. This critical mass is a key selling point since content companies want to connect with a diverse set of networks to provide the best connectivity to their end-customers, and network companies want to sell bandwidth to content customers and interconnect with other networks in the most efficient manner available. Currently, we service over 200 unique networks, including all of the top tier networks, allowing our customers to directly interconnect with providers that serve more than 90% of global Internet routes. We have a growing mass of key players in the enterprise sector, such as The Gap, Gannett, Goldman Sachs, IBM, SOLO Cup, Sony, Washington Mutual, XM Radio and others. Similarly, we have experienced increasing success in attracting customers from the government sector within defense and security, such as NASA. We expect these sectors to be a key growth driver in 2006 and beyond.
Leverage the Network Effect. As networks, content providers and other enterprises locate in our IBX centers, it benefits their suppliers and business partners to do so as well to gain the full economic and performance benefits of direct interconnection. These partners, in turn, pull in their business partners, creating a
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network effect of customer adoption. Our interconnection services enable scalable, reliable and cost-effective interconnection and traffic exchange thus lowering overall cost and increasing flexibility. The ability to directly interconnect with a wide variety of companies is a key differentiator for us in the market.
Promote our IBX Centers as the Highest Performance Points on the Internet. Data center reliability is one of the most important attributes when customers are choosing a data center provider. Our premier IBX hubs are next-generation data centers and offer customers advanced security, reliability and redundancy. Our security design includes five levels of biometrics security to access customer cages. Our power infrastructure includes N+1 redundancy for all systems and has delivered 99.999% uptime over the period January 1, 2002, through September 30, 2005. Our support staff, trained to aid customers with operational support, are available 24 hours a day, 365 days a year.
Provide New Products and Services within our IBX Centers. We plan to continue to offer additional products and services that are most valuable to our customers as they manage their Internet and network businesses and, specifically, as they attempt to effectively utilize multiple networks. For example, we offer an automated service to allow customers to easily choose and provision multiple networks with a simple easy to use portal.
Ensure Continuous Growth for our Customers. We plan to expand in key markets based on customer demand to ensure a smooth growth path for our customers. For example, we have acquired six new IBX centers in our key markets over the last two years, increasing our customer cabinet capacity by 50%. Our strategy is to continue to grow in our existing markets and possibly expand to additional markets. We expect to execute this expansion strategy in a cost-effective and prudent manner through a combination of acquiring existing centers through lease or purchase, or building new centers based on key criteria in each market.
Customers
Our customers include carriers and other bandwidth providers, Internet service providers, enterprises, content providers and system integrators. We offer each customer a choice of business partners and solutions based on their colocation, interconnection and managed IT service needs. As of September 30, 2005, we had 1,093 customers worldwide.
Typical customers in each category include the following:
Carriers/Networks |
Content Providers |
Enterprise | ||
AT&T |
Amazon.com | Apple | ||
British Telecom |
AOL | Deutsche Boerse | ||
Cable & Wireless |
Electronic Arts | Electronic Data Systems | ||
Comcast |
Fox Sports | Fidelity Investments | ||
Level 3 |
Fujitsu | |||
MCI |
MSN | Gannett | ||
NTT |
Sony | The Gap | ||
SAVVIS |
Ticketmaster | Goldman Sachs | ||
Sprint |
Wal-Mart | IBM | ||
Verizon |
Yahoo! | Washington Mutual |
Customers typically sign renewable contracts of one or more years in length. Our single largest customer, IBM, represented approximately 13%, 15% and 20% of total revenues for the year ended December 31, 2004, 2003 and 2002, respectively and 11% and 13% for the nine months ended September 30, 2005 and 2004, respectively. No other single customer accounted for more than 10% of revenues during this time.
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Services
Our services are comprised of three types: Colocation, Interconnection and Managed IT infrastructure services.
Colocation Services
Our IBX centers provide our customers with secure, reliable and fault-tolerant environments that are necessary for optimum Internet commerce interconnection. Our IBX centers include multiple layers of physical security, scalable cabinet space availability, on-site trained staff 24 hours per day, 365 days per year, dedicated areas for customer care and equipment staging, redundant AC/DC power systems and multiple other redundant, fault-tolerant infrastructure systems. Some specifications or services provided may differ in our Asia-Pacific locations in order to properly meet the local needs of customers in those locations.
Within our IBX centers, customers can place their equipment and interconnect with a choice of networks or other business partners. We also provide customized solutions for customers looking to package our IBX space as part of their complex solutions. Our colocation products and services include:
Cabinets. Our customers have several choices for colocating their networking and server equipment. They can place the equipment in one of our shared or private cages or customize their space. As a customers colocation requirements increase, they can expand within their original cage or upgrade into a cage that meets their expanded requirements. Cabinets are priced with an initial installation fee and an ongoing recurring monthly charge.
Power. We offer both AC and DC power circuits at various amperages and phases customized to a customers individual power requirements. Power is an important element of increasing importance in customers colocation decisions. Power is priced with an initial installation fee and an ongoing recurring monthly charge based on the circuit ordered.
IBXflex. This service allows customers to deploy mission-critical operations personnel and equipment on-site at our IBX centers. Because of the close proximity to their end-users, IBXflex customers can offer a faster response and quicker troubleshooting solution than those available in traditional colocation facilities. This space can also be used as a secure disaster recovery point for customers business and operations personnel. This service is priced with an initial installation fee and an ongoing recurring monthly charge.
Interconnection Services
Our interconnection services enable scalable, reliable and cost-effective interconnection and traffic exchange between all Equinix customers. These interconnection services are either on a one-to-one basis with direct cross connects or one-to-many through one of our peering services. In peering, we provide an important industry leadership role by acting as the relationship broker between parties who would like to interconnect within our IBX centers. Our staff holds significant positions in the leading industry groups such as the North American Network Operators Group, or NANOG, and the Internet Engineering Task Force, or IETF, and bring a tremendous amount of knowledge to this area. Our staff published industry-recognized white papers and strategy documents in the areas of peering and interconnection, many of which are used by leading institutions worldwide in furthering the education and promotion of this important network arena. To showcase these efforts, we hold peering forums which are now widely recognized as a very influential forum for the worlds top peering experts. We will continue to develop additional services in the area of traffic exchange that will allow our customers to leverage the critical mass of networks now available in our IBX centers. Our current exchange services are comprised of the following:
Physical Cross-Connect/Direct Interconnections. Customers needing to directly and privately connect to another IBX customer can do so through single or multi-mode fiber. These cross connections are the physical
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link between customers and can be implemented within 24 hours of request. Cross-connect services are priced with an initial installation fee and an ongoing monthly recurring charge.
Equinix Internet Core Exchange. This interconnection service enables direct peering interconnections between major backbone networks and providers. Equinix Internet Core Exchange is a pre-provisioned interconnection package that enables major backbones to connect their networks directly in a centralized, neutral environment for peering and transit. The service includes pre-provisioned interconnections, premium service levels and specialized customer service features to support the quality and support levels required by the largest Internet providers in the world. Internet Core Exchange services are priced with an initial installation fee and an ongoing monthly recurring charge.
Equinix GigE Exchange. Customers may choose to peer through and connect to our GigE Exchange via a central switching fabric rather than purchase a direct physical cross connection. With a connection to this switch, a customer can aggregate multiple interconnects over one physical connection instead of purchasing individual physical cross connects. The GigE Exchange service is offered as a bundled service that includes a cabinet, power, cross connects and port charges. The service is priced by IBX with an initial installation fee and an ongoing monthly recurring charge. Individual IBX prices increase as the number of participants on the exchange service grows.
Equinix IBXLink. Customers who are located in one IBX may need to interconnect with networks or other customers located in an adjacent IBX. IBXLink allows customers to seamlessly interconnect between IBXs at capacities up to an OC-192, or 10 Gig level. IBXLink services are priced with an initial installation fee and an ongoing monthly recurring charge dependent on the capacity the customer purchases.
Internet Connectivity Services. Customers who are installing equipment in our IBX centers generally require IP connectivity or bandwidth services. Although many large customers prefer to contract directly with carriers, we will offer customers the ability to contract for these services through us from any of the major bandwidth providers. This service, which is primarily provided in Asia, is targeted to customers who require a single bill and a single point of support for all of their services contract through Equinix for their bandwidth needs. Internet Connectivity Services are priced with an initial installation fee and an ongoing monthly recurring charge based on the amount of bandwidth committed.
Managed IT Infrastructure Services
With the continued growth in Internet use, networks, service providers, enterprises and content providers are challenged to deliver fast and reliable service, while lowering costs. With over 200 ISPs and carriers located in our IBX centers, we leverage the value of network choice with our set of multi-network management and other outsourced IT services.
Professional Services. Our IBX centers are staffed with Internet and telecommunications specialists who are on-site and available 24 hours a day, 365 days a year. These professionals are trained to perform installations of customer equipment and cabling. Professional services are custom-priced depending on customer requirements.
Smart Hands Services. Our customers can take advantage of our professional Smart Hands service, which gives customers access to our IBX staff for a variety of tasks, when their own staff is not on site. These tasks may include equipment rebooting, power cycling, card swapping, and performing emergency equipment replacement. Services are available on-demand or by customer contract and are priced on an hourly basis.
Equinix Direct. Equinix Direct is a managed multi-homing service that allows customers to easily provision and manage multiple network connections over a single interface. Customers can choose branded networks on a monthly basis with no minimums or long-term commitments. This service is priced with an initial install fee and ongoing monthly recurring charges, dependent on the bandwith used by the customer.
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Equinix Mail Service. Equinixs enterprise messaging service is a complete outsourced solution, primarily based on the Lotus Notes and Microsoft Exchange platforms, to which customers entrust the operation and support of their messaging applications. This service is currently only available in our Singapore location and the service is priced with an initial installation fee and an ongoing monthly recurring charge.
Equinix Command Center. Equinix Command Center, available only in Asia-Pacific, is a suite of managed services for the management and monitoring of enterprise-level information systems and network infrastructure. The suite of services allows customers to achieve greater efficiency of their IT infrastructure while reducing the cost and complexity of administering and managing these functions internally. The services are priced with an initial installation fee and ongoing monthly recurring charges based on customer activity.
Sales and Marketing
Sales. We use a direct sales force and channel marketing program to market our services to network, content provider, enterprise, government and Internet infrastructure businesses. We organize our sales force by customer type as well as by establishing a sales presence in diverse geographic regions, which enables efficient servicing of the customer base from a network of regional offices. In addition to our worldwide headquarters located in Silicon Valley, we have established an Asian-Pacific regional headquarters in Singapore. Our U.S. sales offices are located in New York; Boston; Reston, Virginia; Los Angeles; Honolulu; Chicago and Silicon Valley. Our Asia-Pacific sales offices are located in Hong Kong, Tokyo, Singapore and Sydney.
Our sales team works closely with each customer to foster the natural network effect of our IBX model, resulting in access to a wider potential customer base via our existing customers. As a result of the IBX interconnection model, IBX center participants encourage their customers, suppliers and business partners to also locate in the IBX centers. These customers, suppliers and business partners, in turn, encourage their business partners to locate in IBX centers resulting in additional customer growth. This network effect significantly reduces our new customer acquisition costs. In addition, large network providers or managed service providers may refer customers to Equinix as a part of their total customer solution.
In 2004, Equinix established a channel sales program to take advantage of the many networks that were exiting the colocation business to focus on their core competencies. These channel partners are primarily large telecommunications providers whose networks are already installed in Equinix IBX centers and who have customers that require high quality colocation, in addition to the network services of the telecommunications providers.
Marketing. To support our sales effort and to actively promote our brand in the U.S. and Asia-Pacific, we conduct comprehensive marketing programs. Our marketing strategies include an active public relations campaign and on-going customer communications programs. Our marketing efforts are focused on major business and trade publications, online media outlets, industry events and sponsored activities. Our staff holds leadership positions in key networking organizations and we participate in a variety of Internet, computer and financial industry conferences and place our officers and employees in keynote speaking engagements at these conferences. In addition to these activities, we build recognition through sponsoring or leading industry technical forums and participating in Internet industry standard-setting bodies. We continue to develop and host the industrys most successful educational forums focused on peering technologies and peering practices for ISPs and content providers.
Competition
Our current and potential competition includes:
| Internet data centers operated by established U.S. communications carriers such as AT&T, Level 3 and SAVVIS and Asia-Pacific communications carriers such as NTT and SingTel. Unlike the major network providers, who constructed data centers primarily to help sell bandwidth, we have aggregated |
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multiple networks in one location, providing superior diversity, pricing and performance. Telecommunications companies data centers generally only provide one choice of carrier and also prefer customers with high managed services needs as part of their pricing structures. Locating in our IBX centers provides access to top tier networks and allows customers to negotiate the best prices with a number of carriers resulting in better economics and redundancy. In 2003 and 2004, two major carriers who had built and operated their own data centers exited the U.S. colocation market. The disposition of these assets has been completed with various owners assuming the assets, including SAVVIS. Because these operators are not network neutral, we believe we have an advantage in gaining the business of those customers displaced from these carriers because access to their networks are also available in our IBX centers. |
| U.S. Network access points such as Switch and Data and carrier operated NAPs. NAPs, generally operated by carriers, are typically older facilities and lack the incentive to upgrade the infrastructure in order to scale with traffic growth. In contrast, we provide state-of-the-art, secure centers and geographic diversity with round the clock support and a full range of network and content provider offerings. |
| Vertically integrated web site hosting, colocation and ISP companies such as AboveNet, Digex/MCI and SAVVIS. Most managed service providers require that customers purchase their entire network and managed services directly from them. We are a network and service provider aggregator and allow customers the ability to contract directly with the networks and web-hosting partner best for their business. By locating in one of our IBX centers, hosting companies add more value to our business proposition by bringing in more partners and customers and thus enhancing a network effect. |
Unlike other providers whose core businesses are bandwidth or managed services, we focus on neutral hubs for networks, content providers, enterprises and government. As a result, we are free of the channel conflict common at other hosting/colocation companies. We compete based on the quality of our IBX centers, our ability to provide a one-stop solution in our U.S. and Asia-Pacific locations, the superior performance and diversity of our network neutral strategy and the economic benefits of the aggregation of top networks and Internet businesses under one roof. Specifically, we have established relationships with a number of leading hosting companies such as IBM (our largest customer) and others. We expect to continue to benefit from several industry trends including the consolidation of supply in the colocation market, the need for contracting with multiple networks due to the uncertainty in the telecommunications market, customers increasing power requirements, enterprise customers growth in outsourcing and the continued growth of broadband.
Employees
As of September 30, 2005, we had 530 employees, 364 of which were based in the U.S. and 166 of which were based in Asia-Pacific. Of our U.S. employees, we had 217 based at our corporate headquarters in Foster City, California and our regional sales offices. Of those employees, 94 were in engineering and operations, 67 were in sales and marketing and 56 were in management and finance. We had 147 employees based at our IBX centers in Chicago, Illinois; Dallas, Texas; Honolulu, Hawaii; Los Angeles and Silicon Valley, California; New York, New York; and the Washington, D.C. area. Of our Asia-Pacific employees, we had 113 at our Asia-Pacific headquarters in Singapore and our other regional offices. Of those employees, 39 were in engineering and operations, 27 were in sales and marketing and 47 were in management and finance. We had 53 employees based at our IBX centers in Hong Kong, Singapore, Sydney, and Tokyo.
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The following summary is a description of the material terms of our common stock and does not purport to be complete. You should read our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws, which are incorporated by reference as exhibits to the registration statement of which this prospectus supplement is a part. For information regarding how you can receive copies of these documents, please see Where You Can Find More Information.
Common Stock
Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation provides that we have authority to issue up to 300,000,000 shares of common stock, par value $0.001 per share. As of September 30, 2005, there were 24,188,739 shares of our common stock issued and outstanding.
The holders of common stock are entitled to one vote per share on all matters to be voted on by the stockholders. Subject to preferences that may be applicable to any outstanding preferred stock, the holders of common stock are entitled to receive ratably such dividends, if any, as may be declared from time to time by the board of directors out of funds legally available for the payment of dividends. All dividends are non-cumulative. In the event of the liquidation, dissolution, or winding up of Equinix, the holders of common stock are entitled to share ratably in all assets remaining after payment of liabilities, subject to prior distribution rights of preferred stock, if any, then outstanding. The common stock has no preemptive or conversion rights or other subscription rights. There are no redemption or sinking fund provisions applicable to the common stock. All outstanding shares of common stock are fully paid and nonassessable, and the shares of common stock to be issued on completion of this offering will be fully paid and nonassessable upon issuance.
Our common stock is quoted on The Nasdaq National Market under the symbol EQIX.
Anti-takeover Effects of Provisions of the Amended and Restated Certificate of Incorporation, Amended and Restated Bylaws and Delaware Law
Certificate of Incorporation and Bylaws. Our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and bylaws provide that all stockholder actions must be effected at a duly called meeting and not by a consent in writing. The bylaws also provide that, except as otherwise required by law or by our amended and restated certificate of incorporation, special meetings of the stockholders can only be called pursuant to a resolution adopted by a majority of the number of authorized members of the board of directors. Further, provisions of the amended and restated certificate of incorporation provide that the stockholders may amend most provisions of the amended and restated certificate of incorporation only with the affirmative vote of at least 66 2/3% of our capital stock. Provisions of the bylaws provide that the stockholders may amend all of the provisions of the bylaws only with the affirmative vote of at least 75% of our capital stock. In addition, our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws provide that the board of directors shall have the power to amend or repeal our bylaws. These provisions of our amended and restated certificate of incorporation and our amended and restated bylaws could discourage potential acquisition proposals and could delay or prevent a change in control of Equinix. These provisions are intended to enhance the likelihood of continuity and stability in the composition of the board of directors and in the policies formulated by the board of directors and to discourage certain types of transactions that may involve an actual or threatened change of control of Equinix. These provisions are designed to reduce our vulnerability to an unsolicited acquisition proposal. The provisions also are intended to discourage certain tactics that may be used in proxy fights. However, such provisions could have the effect of discouraging others from making tender offers for our shares and, as a consequence, they also may inhibit fluctuations in the market price of our shares that could result from actual or rumored takeover attempts. Such provisions also may have the effect of preventing changes in our management.
Delaware Takeover Statute. We are subject to Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law, or DGCL Section 203, which regulates corporate acquisitions. DGCL Section 203 restricts the ability of certain
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Delaware corporations, including those whose securities are listed on The Nasdaq National Market, from engaging, under certain circumstances in a business combination with any interested stockholder for three years following the date that such stockholder became an interested stockholder. For purposes of DGCL Section 203, a business combination includes, among other things, a merger or consolidation involving Equinix and the interested stockholder and the sale of 10% or more of our assets. In general, DGCL Section 203 defines an interested stockholder as any entity or person beneficially owning 15% or more of our outstanding voting stock and any entity or person affiliated with or controlling or controlled by such entity or person. A Delaware corporation may opt out of DGCL Section 203 with an express provision in its original certificate of incorporation or an express provision in its certificate of incorporation or bylaws resulting from amendments approved by the holders of at least a majority of the corporations outstanding voting shares. We have not opted out of the provisions of DGCL Section 203 in our amended and restated certificate of incorporation or our amended and restated bylaws. In connection with the combination, financing and senior note exchange, the Companys board of directors approved such transactions for purposes of DGCL Section 203, the effect of which would not restrict the Company under DGCL Section 203 from entering into a business combination with STT Communications.
The transfer agent and registrar for the shares of our common stock is Computershare Shareholder Services, Inc.
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SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT
The following table sets forth, as of September 30, 2005, certain information with respect to shares beneficially owned by (i) each person who is known by us to be the beneficial owner of more than five percent of our outstanding shares of common stock, (ii) each of the our directors, (iii) each of the executive officers named in Executive Compensation and Related Information in our Proxy Statement for Annual Meeting of Stockholders dated April 29, 2005 and (iv) all directors and named executive officers as a group. Beneficial ownership has been determined in accordance with Rule 13d-3 under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the Exchange Act). Under this rule, certain shares may be deemed to be beneficially owned by more than one person (if, for example, persons share the power to vote or dispose of the shares). In addition, shares are deemed to be beneficially owned by a person if the person has the right to acquire shares (for example, upon exercise of an option or warrant) within sixty (60) days of the date as of which the information is provided. In computing the percentage ownership of any person, the amount of shares is deemed to include the amount of shares beneficially owned by such person (and only such person) by reason of such acquisition rights. As a result, the percentage of outstanding shares of any person as shown in the following table does not necessarily reflect the persons actual voting power at any particular date. Unless otherwise indicated, the address for each person listed below is c/o Equinix, Inc., 301 Velocity Way, Fifth Floor, Foster City, California 94404.
Shares Beneficially Owned |
|||||
Beneficial Owner |
Number |
Percent |
|||
Peter F. Van Camp (1) |
475,987 | 1.93 | % | ||
Steven T. Clontz |
0 | | |||
Steven Poy Eng (2) |
8,500 | * | |||
Gary Hromadko (3) |
150,000 | * | |||
Scott Kriens (4) |
6,876 | * | |||
Louis J. Lavigne, Jr. |
0 | | |||
Theng Kiat Lee (5) |
0 | | |||
Andrew S. Rachleff (6) |
11,905 | * | |||
Michelangelo A. Volpi (7) |
0 | | |||
Peter T. Ferris (8) |
112,680 | * | |||
Philip J. Koen (9) |
113,902 | * | |||
Renee F. Lanam (10) |
109,896 | * | |||
Brandi Galvin Morandi (11) |
28,577 | * | |||
Entities affiliated with STT Communications Ltd (12) 51 Cuppage Road, #10-11/17 StarHub Centre Singapore 229469 |
10,189,549 | 37.37 | % | ||
Entities affiliated with Crosslink Capital, Inc. (13) Two Embarcadero Center, Suite 2200 San Francisco, California 94111 |
1,329,180 | 5.50 | % | ||
All directors and named executive officers as a group (16 persons) (14) |
1,229,201 | 4.88 | % |
* | Less than 1%. |
(1) | Includes 471,625 shares subject to options exercisable within 60 days of September 30, 2005. |
(2) | Represents 8,500 shares subject to options exercisable within 60 days of September 30, 2005. |
(3) | Based on the Schedule 13D filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 23, 2005, this includes 125,000 shares which were acquired upon conversion of the Series A-2 convertible secured notes. Mr. Hromadko is a venture partner of Crosslink Capital, Inc., however, he is not deemed to beneficially own the shares of common stock that are beneficially owned by Crosslink Capital, Inc. as set forth in footnote 13. |
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(4) | Represents 6,876 shares subject to options that are exercisable within 60 days of September 30, 2005. |
(5) | Mr. Lee is President and Chief Executive Officer of STT Communications, of which the selling stockholder is a wholly owned subsidiary. Mr. Lee is not deemed to beneficially own the shares that are beneficially owned by STT Communications as set forth in footnote 12. |
(6) | Represents 1,256 shares of common stock received from distribution by Benchmark Capital Partners II, L.P and 3,578 shares of common stock held by Benchmark Capital Partners IV, L.P., as nominee for Benchmark Capital Partners, IV, L.P., Benchmark Founders Fund IV, L.P., Benchmark Founders Fund IV-A, L.P., Benchmark Founders Fund IV-B, L.P, Benchmark Founders Fund IV-X, L.P and related individuals. Mr. Rachleff is a managing member of Benchmark Capital Management Co. II, LLC, the general partner of Benchmark Capital Partners, II, L.P., Benchmark Founders Fund II, L.P. Benchmark Founders Fund II-A, L.P. and Benchmark Members Fund II, L.P. Mr. Rachleff is also a managing member of Benchmark Capital Management Co., IV, LLC, the general partner of Benchmark Capital Partners, IV, L.P., Benchmark Founders Fund IV, L.P., Benchmark Founders Fund IV-A, L.P, Benchmark Founders Fund IV-B, L.P. and Benchmark Founders Fund IV-X, L.P. Also includes 6,876 shares subject to options that are exercisable within 60 days of September 30, 2005. Mr. Rachleff resigned from our Board of Directors on October 24, 2005. |
(7) | Mr. Volpi is a senior vice president of Cisco Systems, Inc., which beneficially holds 212,216 shares of common stock. However, Mr. Volpi is not deemed to beneficially own the shares of common stock held by Cisco Systems, Inc. |
(8) | Includes 91,919 shares subject to options exercisable within 60 days of September 30, 2005. Also includes 276 shares held by Mr. Ferris as trustee for his childrens trusts. Mr. Ferris disclaims beneficial ownership of these 276 shares. |
(9) | Includes 110,179 shares subject to options exercisable within 60 days of September 30, 2005. Also includes 468 shares held by Mr. Koen as custodian for his children; Mr. Koen disclaims beneficial ownership of these 468 shares. Mr. Koen is expected to resign on March 2, 2006. |
(10) | Includes 98,788 shares subject to options exercisable within 60 days of September 30, 2005. |
(11) | Includes 21,224 shares subject to options exercisable within 60 days of September 30, 2005. |
(12) | Represents 7,114,630 shares of common stock held directly, and 1,868,667 shares of common stock that may be acquired upon conversion of Series A Convertible Preferred Stock (Series A Preferred Stock), 240,578 (assuming such conversion shall have occurred at November 7, 2005) shares of common stock that may be acquired upon conversion of a Series A-1 Convertible Secured Note, and 965,674 shares of common stock that may be acquired upon exercise of a Series A-1 Preferred Stock Warrant, in each case within 60 days of September 30, 2005. Temasek Holdings (Private) Limited (Temasek), the ultimate parent entity of i-STT Investments Pte. Ltd., through its ultimate ownership of i-STT Investments Pte. Ltd., may be deemed to have voting and dispositive power over the shares owned beneficially and of record by i-STT Investments Pte. Ltd. Temasek expressly disclaims beneficial ownership of such shares. In addition, Temasek may be deemed to beneficially own 11,718 shares of common stock, which are owned beneficially and of record by Temaseks indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary, T.H.e Venture Pte Ltd. As described on page S-6, all such instruments were ultimately converted into common stock by the selling stockholder on November 9, 2005. For more information, see also the information in this prospectus supplement under the caption Selling Stockholder. |
(13) | Based on the amended Schedule 13D filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on March 23, 2005, this includes 135,190 shares of common stock held by Crosslink Crossover Fund III and 25,910 shares of common stock held by Offshore Crosslink Crossover Fund III. Also includes 478,400 shares held by Crosslink Ventures IV, L.P., 20,930 shares held by Crosslink Omega Ventures I GmbH & Co. KG, 169,520 shares held by Offshore Crosslink Omega Ventures IV, 44,480 shares held by Omega Bayview IV, 356,538 shares held by Crosslink Crossover Fund III and 98,212 shares held by Offshore Crosslink Crossover Fund III which were acquired upon conversion of Series A-2 Convertible Secured Notes. |
(14) | Includes options exercisable for an aggregate of 1,001,887 shares of common stock within 60 days of September 30, 2005. |
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CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED PARTY TRANSACTIONS
Transactions with Affiliates of STT Communications.
For the year ended December 31, 2004, revenues recognized with entities affiliated with STT Communications, were $5,159,000 and as of December 31, 2004, accounts receivable with entities affiliated with STT Communications was $955,000. For the year ended December 31, 2004, costs and services procured with entities affiliated with STT Communications, were $2,388,000 and as of December 31, 2004, accounts payable with entities affiliated with STT Communications was $280,000. For the nine months ended September 30, 2005, revenues recognized with entities affiliated with STT Communications were $4,240,000 and as of September 30, 2005, accounts receivable with entities affiliated with STT Communications was $873,000. For the nine months ended September 30, 2005, costs and services procured with entities affiliated with STT Communications were $1,866,000 and as of September 30, 2005, accounts payable with entities affiliated with STT Communications was $263,000.
In December 2002, we entered into a registration rights agreement (the Registration Rights Agreement) with i-STT Investments Pte. Ltd. Pursuant to the registration rights agreement, we granted rights to three demand registrations, the right to participate in other registration statements filed by us (other than employee stock and acquisition related offerings) and the right to register shares on Form S-3 (or Form S-1 if Form S-3 is not available) shares of our common stock issued, directly or indirectly, upon conversion of the notes or exercise of any of the warrants issued under the securities purchase agreement. The registration rights agreement also included our obligation to indemnify or contribute to losses suffered by the holders of securities registered pursuant to that agreement. These losses may include losses incurred under federal securities laws.
In December 2002, we entered into a governance agreement (the Governance Agreement) with STT Communications, i-STT Investments Pte. Ltd. and certain former stockholders of Pihana Pacific, Inc. Pursuant to the governance agreement, we implemented certain governance provisions including director nominating rights and procedures with respect to the election of directors. We also granted STT Communications a right of first offer with respect to certain future sales of capital stock or convertible securities and certain registration rights in order to provide for the resale of our common stock issued in the combination. In connection with the terms of the governance agreement, the governance provisions expired as of December 2004. Pursuant to the side letter agreement described below, the right of first offer in favor of STT Communications will expire at the closing of this offering.
In October 2005, in connection with the offering of our common stock by the selling stockholder, we entered into a side letter agreement with STT Communications and i-STT Investments Pte. Ltd. This side letter agreement (i) sets forth the terms and conditions of STT Communications obligation to reimburse us for certain customary costs and expenses incurred in connection with this offering and the concurrent offering (subject to certain limitations set forth in the side letter agreement), and (ii) contingent upon the closing of this offering or the concurrent offering, terminates (a) that certain Collateral Account Control Agreement among us, i-STT Investments Pte. Ltd. and Smith Barney, a division of Citigroup Global Markets Inc., (b) as of September 30, 2009, our covenant to STT Communications to take certain actions to prevent our securities that they hold from becoming United States real property interests under Section 897(c) of the Internal Revenue Code and (c) STT Communications right to purchase its pro rata share of future issuances of our equity securities.
In January 2005, we converted 95% of the outstanding convertible secured notes and accrued and unpaid interest, held by STT Communications, into 4.1 million shares of our preferred stock, which was subsequently converted into 4.1 million shares of our common stock in February 2005.
As described on page S-6, all convertible instruments held by the selling stockholder were ultimately converted into common stock on November 9, 2005.
STT Communications, along with its affiliates, is a greater than 5% stockholder in the company and Theng Kiat Lee, the companys Chairman of the Board, is an executive officer of STT Communications.
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Transactions with Affiliates of Crosslink Capital.
Crosslink Capital, along with its affiliates, is a greater than 5% stockholder in the company. Gary Hromadko, one of the companys directors, is a venture partner of funds affiliated with Crosslink Capital and has financial interests in them.
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CERTAIN UNITED STATES FEDERAL INCOME TAX CONSIDERATIONS
FOR NON-UNITED STATES HOLDERS
The following is a general discussion of the material U.S. federal income tax consequences of the ownership and disposition of our common stock applicable to Non-U.S. Holders purchasing the common stock in this offering. A Non-U.S. Holder is a beneficial owner of our common stock that is, for U.S. federal income tax purposes, an individual, corporation, estate or trust other than:
| an individual who is a citizen or resident of the U.S.; |
| a corporation (or entity treated as a corporation for U.S. federal income tax purposes) created or organized in or under the laws of the U.S. or any state thereof (including the District of Columbia); |
| an estate whose income is includible in gross income for U.S. federal income tax purposes regardless of source; and |
| a trust (a) that is subject to the primary supervision of a court within the U.S. and the control of one or more U.S. persons or (b) that has a valid election in effect under applicable U.S. Treasury regulations to be treated as a U.S. person. |
Any partner of a partnership (or an entity treated as a partnership for U.S. federal income tax purposes) that will acquire our common stock should consult its own tax advisor about the U.S. federal income tax consequences of owning and disposing of our common stock.
The following discussion does not consider specific facts and circumstances that may be relevant to a particular Non-U.S. Holders tax position and does not consider U.S. state and local or non-U.S. tax consequences. Further, it does not consider Non-U.S. Holders subject to special tax treatment under the U.S. federal income tax laws (including partnerships or other pass-through entities, controlled foreign corporations, passive foreign investment companies, foreign personal holding companies, banks and insurance companies, dealers in securities, nonresident alien individuals who are former U.S. citizens or who have ceased to be treated as resident aliens, holders of securities held as part of a straddle, hedge, conversion transaction or other risk-reduction transaction, Non-U.S. Holders that do not hold our common stock as a capital asset and persons who hold or receive common stock as compensation). The following discussion is based on provisions of the U.S. Internal Revenue Code of 1986, as amended, applicable Treasury regulations, and administrative and judicial interpretations as of the date of this prospectus supplement, all of which are subject to change, possibly on a retroactive basis, and any change could affect the continuing validity of this discussion.
The following summary is included herein for general information. Accordingly, each prospective Non-U.S. Holder is urged to consult its own tax advisor with respect to the U.S. federal, state, local or non-U.S. tax consequences of holding and disposing of common stock.
U.S. Trade or Business Income
For purposes of the following discussion, dividends and gains on the sale, exchange or other disposition of our common stock will be considered to be U.S. trade or business income if such income or gain is (i) effectively connected with the conduct of a U.S. trade or business and (ii) in the case of a Non-U.S. Holder entitled to the benefits of an applicable income tax treaty, attributable to a permanent establishment (or, in the case of an individual, a fixed base) in the United States. Generally, U.S. trade or business income is subject to U.S. federal income tax on a net income basis at regular graduated tax rates. Any U.S. trade or business income received by a Non-U.S. Holder that is a corporation may, under specific circumstances, be subject to an additional branch profits tax on such U.S. trade or business income at a 30% rate or a lower rate that an applicable income tax treaty may specify.
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Dividends
We have never declared or paid cash dividends on our common stock and we do not anticipate paying cash dividends in the foreseeable future. See Dividend Policy. In the event we do pay distributions (whether cash or taxable stock or other in kind distribution) on our common stock, however, these distributions generally will constitute dividends for U.S. federal income tax purposes to the extent paid from our current or accumulated earnings and profits, as determined under U.S. federal income tax principles. If a distribution exceeds our current and accumulated earnings and profits, the excess will be treated as a tax-free return of the Non-U.S. Holders investment to the extent of the Non-U.S. Holders basis in our common stock. Any remaining excess will be treated as capital gain. Dividends paid to a Non-U.S. Holder of our common stock generally will be subject to withholding of U.S. federal income tax at a 30% rate unless the dividends are U.S. trade or business income and the Non-U.S. Holder files a properly executed IRS Form W-8ECI with the withholding agent (in which event such Non-U.S. Holder would generally be taxed as described above under the heading U.S. Trade or Business Income).
The 30% withholding rate may be reduced if the Non-U.S. Holder is eligible for the benefits of an income tax treaty that provides for a lower rate. Generally, to claim the benefits of an income tax treaty, a Non-U.S. Holder of our common stock will be required to provide a properly executed IRS Form W-8BEN and satisfy applicable certification and other requirements. A Non-U.S. Holder of our common stock that is eligible for a reduced rate of U.S. withholding tax under an income tax treaty may obtain a refund or credit of any excess amounts withheld by filing an appropriate claim for a refund with the IRS. A Non-U.S. Holder should consult its tax advisor on its entitlement to benefits under a relevant income tax treaty.
Disposition of Common Stock
A Non-U.S. Holder generally will not be subject to U.S. federal income tax in respect of gain recognized on a disposition of common stock unless:
| the gain is U.S. trade or business income (in which event such Non-U.S. Holder would generally be taxed as described above under the heading U.S. Trade or Business Income); |
| the Non-U.S. Holder is an individual who is present in the United States for 183 or more days in the taxable year of the disposition and meets other requirements (in which event, unless a treaty provides otherwise, such Non-U.S. Holder generally would be subject to 30% U.S. federal income tax on the gain realized); or |
| we are or have been a U.S. real property holding corporation, or USRPHC, for U.S. federal income tax purposes at any time during the shorter of the five-year period ending on the date of disposition and the period during which the Non-U.S. Holder held the common stock. |
The tax relating to stock in a USRPHC does not apply to a Non-U.S. Holder whose holdings, actual and constructive, at all times during the applicable period, amount to 5% or less of the common stock, provided that the common stock is regularly traded on an established securities market. Generally, a corporation is a USRPHC if the fair market value of its U.S. real property interests equals or exceeds 50% of the sum of the fair market value of its worldwide real property interests and its other assets used or held for use in a trade or business. We believe that we have not been, and are not currently, a USRPHC for U.S. federal income tax purposes. However, a significant portion of our IBX hubs currently constitute U.S. real property interests, and we may from time to time acquire other real property interests, both within and outside the U.S. Accordingly, although we have contractual obligations to STT Communications to take all commercially reasonable actions not to become a USRPHC, no assurance can be given that we will not be a USRPHC at any time during the applicable period that ends on the date that a Non-U.S. Holder sells its shares of common stock. In the event that we were a USRPHC during such period, such Non-U.S. Holder would generally be subject to U.S. federal income tax on the gain recognized upon disposition of our common stock (subject to the beneficial 5% rule noted above as long as our common stock remains regularly traded on an established securities market).
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Information Reporting Requirements and Backup Withholding Tax
Dividends
We must report annually to the Internal Revenue Service, or IRS, and to each Non-U.S. Holder the amount of dividends paid to that holder and the tax withheld with respect to the dividends, regardless of whether withholding was required. Copies of these information returns may also be made available under the provisions of a specific treaty or agreement to the tax authorities of the country in which the Non-U.S. Holder resides. Dividends paid to Non-U.S. Holders of common stock generally will be exempt from backup withholding if the Non-U.S. Holder provides a properly executed IRS Form W-8BEN or otherwise establishes an exemption.
Disposition of Common Stock
The payment of the proceeds from the disposition (including the redemption) of common stock effected in the U.S. by any broker, U.S. or foreign, will be subject to information reporting and possible backup withholding at a rate of 28% unless the owner certifies as to its non-U.S. status under penalties of perjury or otherwise establishes an exemption and the broker does not have actual knowledge or reason to know that the holder is a U.S. person or that the conditions of any other exemption are not, in fact, satisfied. The payment of the proceeds from the disposition of common stock effected outside the U.S. by a non-U.S. broker will not be subject to information reporting or backup withholding unless the non-U.S. broker has certain types of relationships with the U.S., which we refer to as a U.S. related person. In the case of the payment of the proceeds from the disposition of common stock effected outside the U.S. by a broker that is either a U.S. person or a U.S. related person, the Treasury regulations require information reporting on the payment unless the broker has documentary evidence in its files that the owner is a Non-U.S. Holder and the broker has no knowledge or reason to know to the contrary. Non-U.S. Holders should consult their own tax advisors on the application of information reporting and backup withholding to them in their particular circumstances (including upon their disposition of common stock).
Backup withholding is not an additional tax. Any amounts withheld under the backup withholding rules from a payment to a Non-U.S. Holder will be refunded or credited against the holders U.S. federal income tax liability, if any, if the holder provides the required information to the IRS. Non-U.S. Holders should consult their own tax advisors regarding the filing of a U.S. tax return and the claiming of a credit or refund of such withholding tax.
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The following table sets forth certain information regarding the beneficial ownership of the selling stockholder named below with respect to our common stock as of September 30, 2005.
The information in the table regarding the number of shares beneficially owned consists of 7,114,630 shares of common stock; 1,868,667 shares of common stock issuable upon conversion in full of shares of series A convertible preferred stock; 240,578 shares of our common stock issuable upon conversion in full of the series A-1 convertible secured notes, assuming such conversion shall have occurred at November 7, 2005; and 965,674 shares of our common stock issuable upon conversion in full of the shares of series A preferred stock, which are issuable upon exercise in full of the series A-1 preferred stock warrant. As described on page S-6, all such instruments were ultimately converted into common stock by the selling stockholder on November 9, 2005.
In connection with the offering of the SAILS described elsewhere in this prospectus supplement, and the forward purchase agreement and the collateral agreement, i-STT Investments (Bermuda), a wholly owned subsidiary of the selling stockholder, expects to pledge to the collateral agent, to secure the obligations of i-STT Investments (Bermuda) under the forward purchase agreement, the maximum number of shares it may be required to deliver thereunder on the settlement date. Notwithstanding the pledge of these shares, i-STT Investments (Bermuda), and thus the selling stockholder, will continue to beneficially own the pledged shares until settlement under the forward purchase agreement.
Shares Offered |
After the Offering | ||||||||||||||||||||
Prior to Offering |
No Over-Allotment Option Exercise |
Full Over-Allotment Option Exercise |
After Settlement under Forward Purchase Agreement (1) | ||||||||||||||||||
Number |
Percent |
Number |
Percent |
Number |
Percent |
Number |
Percent | ||||||||||||||
Entities affiliated with STT Communications Ltd (2) |
10,189,549 | 37.37 | % | 5,889,549 | 5,039,549 | 18.48 | % | 4,300,000 | 15.77 | % | | | |||||||||
51 Cuppage Road, #10-11/17 |
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Starhub Centre |
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Singapore 229469 |
(1) | Assumes exercise of the over-allotment option and that i-STT Investments (Bermuda) delivers 4,300,000 shares of our common stock on the settlement date under the forward purchase agreement. |
(2) | i-STT Investments (Bermuda) Ltd. is a wholly owned subsidiary of i-STT Investments Pte. Ltd. i-STT Investments Pte. Ltd. is a wholly owned subsidiary of STT Communications Ltd. Temasek Holdings (Private) Limited (Temasek), the ultimate parent entity of i-STT Investments Pte. Ltd., through its ultimate ownership of i-STT Investments Pte. Ltd., may be deemed to have voting and dispositive power over the shares owned beneficially and of record by i-STT Investments Pte. Ltd. Temasek expressly disclaims beneficial ownership of such shares. In addition, Temasek may be deemed to beneficially own 11,718 shares of common stock, which are owned beneficially and of record by Temaseks indirect, wholly-owned subsidiary, T.H.e Venture Pte Ltd. |
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Under the terms of, and subject to the conditions contained in, an underwriting agreement dated the date of this prospectus supplement, the underwriters named below, for whom Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Credit Suisse First Boston LLC and Goldman, Sachs & Co. are acting as representatives, have severally agreed to purchase, and the selling stockholder has agreed to sell to them, severally, the number of shares of our common stock indicated below:
Name |
Number of Shares | |
Citigroup Global Markets Inc. |
2,317,500 | |
Credit Suisse First Boston LLC |
2,317,500 | |
Goldman, Sachs & Co. |
515,000 | |
Total |
5,150,000 | |
The underwriting agreement provides that the obligations of the several underwriters to pay for and accept delivery of the shares of our common stock offered by this prospectus supplement are subject to the satisfaction of certain legal and other conditions. The underwriters are obligated to take and pay for all of the shares of our common stock offered by this prospectus supplement if any such shares are taken, other than the shares covered by the underwriters over-allotment option described below except to the extent that this option is exercised.
The underwriters initially propose to offer some of the shares of our common stock directly to the public at the public offering price listed on the cover page of this prospectus supplement and some to certain dealers at a price that represents a concession not in excess of $0.8019 a share under the public offering price. Any underwriter may allow, and such dealers may reallow, a concession not in excess of $0.1000 a share to other underwriters or to certain dealers. After the initial offering of the shares of common stock offered hereby, the offering price and other selling terms may from time to time be varied by the representatives. Our common stock is quoted on The Nasdaq National Market under the symbol EQIX.
The selling stockholder has granted to the underwriters an option, exercisable once during the 30 days from the date of this prospectus supplement, to purchase up to an aggregate of 739,549 additional shares of our common stock at the public offering price set forth on the cover page of this prospectus supplement, less underwriting discounts and commissions. The underwriters may exercise this option solely for the purpose of covering over-allotments, if any, made in connection with the offering of the shares of our common stock offered by this prospectus supplement. To the extent the option is exercised, each underwriter will become obligated, subject to certain conditions, to purchase approximately the same percentage of the additional shares of our common stock as the number listed next to the underwriters name in the preceding table bears to the total number of shares of our common stock listed next to the names of all underwriters in the preceding table. If the over-allotment option is exercised in full, the total price to the public of the shares offered pursuant to this prospectus supplement would be $209,903,526.36, the total underwriters discounts and commissions would be $7,871,382.24 and the total net proceeds to the selling stockholder would be $202,032,144.12.
Concurrently with this offering, an affiliate of the selling stockholder expects to enter into a forward purchase agreement with an affiliate of Credit Suisse First Boston LLC. Pursuant to such forward purchase agreement, such affiliate of the selling stockholder is expected to sell to such affiliate of Credit Suisse First Boston LLC, subject to certain exceptions, between 3,643,820 and 4,300,000 shares of our common stock.
We estimate that our expenses for this offering and the concurrent offering, excluding underwriting discounts and commissions (all of which will be paid by the selling stockholder), will be approximately $1,000,000, which includes legal, accounting and printing expenses and various other fees, costs and expenses associated with registering and listing our common stock. However, the selling stockholder has agreed to reimburse us for certain customary costs and expenses incurred in connection with this offering and the
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concurrent offering (subject to certain limitations). The underwriters have in turn agreed to reimburse the selling stockholder for its expenses incurred in connection with this offering and the concurrent offering, including the selling stockholders reimbursement of our expenses, the selling stockholders legal expenses, printing expenses and other costs and expenses.
Subject to certain exceptions, we have agreed that we will not, without the prior written consent of Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Credit Suisse First Boston LLC and Goldman, Sachs & Co., during the period beginning on the date of this prospectus supplement and ending 45 days thereafter:
| offer, sell, contract to sell, pledge or otherwise dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of our common stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for our common stock, or enter into any transaction which would have the same effect; |
| file any registration statement with the SEC relating to the offering of any shares of our common stock or any securities convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for shares of our common stock; or |
| publicly disclose the intention to do any of the foregoing. |
The restrictions on us described in the preceding paragraph do not apply to:
| the issuance of shares of our common stock pursuant to the conversion or exchange of convertible or exchangeable securities or upon the exercise of warrants exercisable for shares of our common stock, in each case to the extent such convertible or exercisable securities are outstanding on the date of the underwriting agreement; |
| the issuance of employee stock options exercisable for shares of our common stock pursuant to the terms of any Equinix equity incentive plan in effect on the date of the underwriting agreement; and |
| only to the extent required by applicable law or stock market listing requirements, the public disclosure by us of the intention to cause the issuance of, or the issuance of, shares of our common stock up to a maximum aggregate market value at the time of issuance of $30 million in connection with a business acquisition by us, whether by merger, consolidation, sale of assets, sale or exchange of stock or otherwise, and provided that the recipient of any shares of common stock so issued agrees to execute, and does execute, a lock-up agreement similar to the lock-up agreement previously executed by our directors and named executive officers. |
Subject to certain exceptions, the selling stockholder has agreed that it will not, without the prior written consent of Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Credit Suisse First Boston LLC and Goldman, Sachs & Co., during the period beginning on the date of this prospectus supplement and ending 45 days thereafter:
| offer, sell, contract to sell, pledge or otherwise dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of our common stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for any shares of our common stock, or enter into a transaction which would have the same effect (in each case, whether any such transaction is to be settled by delivery of shares of common stock or other securities, in cash or otherwise); |
| enter into any swap, hedge or other arrangement that transfers, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of any shares of our common stock (in each case, whether any such transaction is to be settled by delivery of shares of our common stock or other securities, in cash or otherwise); |
| publicly disclose the intention to make any such offer, sale, pledge or disposition, or to enter into any such transaction, swap, hedge or other arrangement; or |
| make any demand for or exercise any right with respect to, the registration of any shares of our common stock or any security convertible into or exercisable or exchangeable for any shares of our common stock. |
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The restrictions on the selling stockholder described in the preceding paragraph shall not apply to:
| transactions relating to shares of our common stock or other securities acquired by the selling stockholder in the open market after the completion of the offering of our common stock pursuant to this prospectus supplement; |
| transfers of shares of our common stock or any security convertible into shares of our common stock as a bona fide gift, provided any such donee signs and delivers an agreement containing restrictions on transfer that are substantially similar to those applicable to the selling stockholder as described above prior to such transfer; |
| transfers of shares of our common stock or any security convertible into shares of our common stock to shareholders or majority-owned subsidiaries of the selling stockholder, provided any such transferee signs and delivers an agreement containing restrictions on transfers substantially similar to those applicable to the selling stockholder as described above prior to such transfer; or |
| transactions with respect to shares of our common stock contemplated by this offering or the concurrent offering. |
Subject to certain exceptions, each of our directors and named executive officers has agreed that he or she will not, without the prior written consent of Citigroup Global Markets Inc., Credit Suisse First Boston LLC, and Goldman, Sachs & Co., during the period beginning on October 31, 2005 and ending 45 days after the date of this prospectus supplement:
| offer, sell, contract to sell, pledge or otherwise dispose of, directly or indirectly, any shares of our common stock or securities convertible into or exchangeable or exercisable for any shares of our common stock, or enter into a transaction which would have the same effect (in each case, whether any such transaction is to be settled by delivery of shares of common stock or other securities, in cash or otherwise); |
| enter into any swap, hedge or other arrangement that transfers, in whole or in part, any of the economic consequences of ownership of any shares of our common stock (in each case, whether any such transaction is to be settled by delivery of shares of our common stock or other securities, in cash or otherwise); |
| publicly disclose the intention to make any such offer, sale, pledge or disposition, or to enter into any such transaction, swap, hedge or other arrangement; or |
| make any demand for or exercise any right with respect to the registration of any shares of our common stock, or for any security convertible into, or exchangeable or exercisable for, shares of our common stock. |
The restrictions on our directors and named executive officers described in the preceding paragraph do not apply to transactions with respect to shares of our common stock or other securities acquired in the open market after the date of this prospectus supplement, transfers to a trust or to family members in certain circumstances or the programmatic sales on behalf of any such director or officer under any 10b5-1 sales plan in existence prior to the date of this prospectus supplement.
With regard to the aforementioned restrictions on us, the selling stockholder and our directors and named executive officers, for the 45 day period, in the event that either (1) during the last 17 days of the 45 day period, we release earnings results or material news or a material event relating to us occurs or (2) prior to the expiration of the 45 day period, we announce that we will release earnings results during the 16-day period beginning on the last day of the 45 day period, then in each case the period during which the aforesaid restrictions are applicable will be extended until the expiration of the 18-day period beginning on the date of release of the earnings results or the occurrence of the material news or material event, as applicable, unless the representatives of the underwriters waive, in writing, such extension.
In order to facilitate this offering, the underwriters may engage in transactions that stabilize, maintain or otherwise affect the price of our common stock. Specifically, the underwriters may sell more shares than they are
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obligated to purchase under the underwriting agreement, creating a short position. A short sale or position may be either covered or naked. A short sale is covered if the aggregate short position is no greater than the number of shares available for purchase by the underwriters under the over-allotment option. The underwriters can close out a covered short sale by exercising the over-allotment option or purchasing shares in the open market. In determining the source of shares to close out a covered short sale, the underwriters will consider, among other things, the open market price of shares compared to the price available under the over-allotment option. The underwriters may also sell shares in excess of the over-allotment option, creating a naked short position to the extent of the excess. The underwriters must close out any naked short position by purchasing shares in the open market. A naked short position is more likely to be created if the underwriters are concerned that there may be downward pressure on the price of our common stock in the open market after pricing that could adversely affect investors who purchase in this offering. As an additional means of facilitating the offering, the underwriters may bid for, and purchase, shares of our common stock in the open market to stabilize the price of our common stock. The underwriting syndicate may also reclaim selling concessions allowed to an underwriter or a dealer for distributing our common stock, if the syndicate repurchases previously distributed common stock to cover syndicate short positions or to stabilize the price of our common stock. These activities may raise or maintain the market price of our common stock above independent market levels or prevent or retard a decline in the market price of our common stock. The underwriters are not required to engage in these activities, and may end any of these activities at any time.
Each of the underwriters has represented and agreed with each other that:
(a) it has not made or will not make an offer of shares of our common stock to the public in the United Kingdom within the meaning of section 102B of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (as amended) (FSMA) except to legal entities which are authorised or regulated to operate in the financial markets or, if not so authorised or regulated, whose corporate purpose is solely to invest in securities or otherwise in circumstances which do not require the publication by the company of a prospectus pursuant to the Prospectus Rules of the Financial Services Authority (FSA);
(b) it has only communicated or caused to be communicated and will only communicate or cause to be communicated an invitation or inducement to engage in investment activity (within the meaning of section 21 of FSMA) to persons who have professional experience in matters relating to investments falling within Article 19(5) of the Financial Services and Markets Act 2000 (Financial Promotion) Order 2005 or in circumstances in which section 21 of FSMA does not apply to the company; and
(c) it has complied with, and will comply with all applicable provisions of FSMA with respect to anything done by it in relation to the shares of our common stock in, from or otherwise involving the United Kingdom.
In relation to each Member State of the European Economic Area which has implemented the Prospectus Directive (each, a Relevant Member State), each underwriter has represented and agreed that with effect from and including the date on which the Prospectus Directive is implemented in that Relevant Member State (the Relevant Implementation Date) it has not made and will not make an offer of Shares to the public in that Relevant Member State prior to the publication of a prospectus in relation to the Shares which has been approved by the competent authority in that Relevant Member State or, where appropriate, approved in another Relevant Member State and notified to the competent authority in that Relevant Member State, all in accordance with the Prospectus Directive, except that it may, with effect from and including the Relevant Implementation Date, make an offer of Shares to the public in that Relevant Member State at any time:
(a) to legal entities which are authorised or regulated to operate in the financial markets or, if not so authorised or regulated, whose corporate purpose is solely to invest in securities;
(b) to any legal entity which has two or more of (1) an average of at least 250 employees during the last financial year; (2) a total balance sheet of more than 43,000,000 and (3) an annual net turnover of more than 50,000,000, as shown in its last annual or consolidated accounts; or
(c) in any other circumstances which do not require the publication by the Issuer of a prospectus pursuant to Article 3 of the Prospectus Directive.
S-82
For the purposes of this provision, the expression an offer of Shares to the public in relation to any Shares in any Relevant Member State means the communication in any form and by any means of sufficient information on the terms of the offer and the Shares to be offered so as to enable an investor to decide to purchase or subscribe the Shares, as the same may be varied in that Relevant Member State by any measure implementing the Prospectus Directive in that Relevant Member State and the expression Prospectus Directive means Directive 2003/71/EC and includes any relevant implementing measure in each Relevant Member State.
The shares of our common stock may not be offered or sold by means of any document other than to persons whose ordinary business is to buy or sell shares or debentures, whether as principal or agent, or in circumstances which do not constitute an offer to the public within the meaning of the Companies Ordinance (Cap. 32) of Hong Kong, and no advertisement, invitation or document relating to the shares of our common stock may be issued, whether in Hong Kong or elsewhere, which is directed at, or the contents of which are likely to be accessed or read by, the public in Hong Kong (except if permitted to do so under the securities laws of Hong Kong) other than with respect to shares which are or are intended to be disposed of only to persons outside Hong Kong or only to professional investors within the meaning of the Securities and Futures Ordinance (Cap. 571) of Hong Kong and any rules made thereunder.
Neither this prospectus supplement nor the accompanying prospectus has been registered as a prospectus with the Monetary Authority of Singapore. Accordingly, this prospectus supplement, the accompanying prospectus and any other document or material in connection with the offer or sale, or invitation for subscription or purchase, of the shares of our common stock may not be circulated or distributed, nor may the shares of our common stock be offered or sold, or be made the subject of an invitation for subscription or purchase, whether directly or indirectly, to persons in Singapore other than (i) to an institutional investor under Section 274 of the Securities and Futures Act, Chapter 289 of Singapore, or the SFA, (ii) to a relevant person, or any person pursuant to Section 275(1A), and in accordance with the conditions specified in Section 275 of the SFA or (iii) otherwise pursuant to, and in accordance with the conditions of, any other applicable provision of the SFA.
Where the shares of our common stock are subscribed or purchased under Section 275 by a relevant person which is: (a) a corporation (which is not an accredited investor) the sole business of which is to hold investments and the entire share capital of which is owned by one or more individuals, each of whom is an accredited investor; or (b) a trust (where the trustee is not an accredited investor) whose sole purpose is to hold investments and each beneficiary is an accredited investor, shares, debentures and units of shares and debentures of that corporation or the beneficiaries rights and interest in that trust shall not be transferable for 6 months after that corporation or that trust has acquired the shares of our common stock under Section 275 except: (1) to an institutional investor under Section 274 of the SFA or to a relevant person, or any person pursuant to Section 275(1A), and in accordance with the conditions, specified in Section 275 of the SFA; (2) where no consideration is given for the transfer; or (3) by operation of law.
The securities have not been and will not be registered under the Securities and Exchange Law of Japan (the Securities and Exchange Law) and each underwriter has agreed that it will not offer or sell any securities, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to, or for the benefit of, any resident of Japan (which term as used herein means any person resident in Japan, including any corporation or other entity organized under the laws of Japan), or to others for re-offering or resale, directly or indirectly, in Japan or to a resident of Japan, except pursuant to an exemption from the registration requirements of, and otherwise in compliance with, the Securities and Exchange Law and any other applicable laws, regulations and ministerial guidelines of Japan.
We, the selling stockholder and the underwriters have agreed pursuant to an underwriting agreement and a terms agreement, each among us and them, to indemnify each other against certain liabilities, including liabilities under the Securities Act of 1933.
We have entered into customer agreements with Goldman, Sachs & Co., an underwriter of this offering, under which we provide services to Goldman, Sachs & Co. and its affiliates in the ordinary course of business
S-83
pursuant to which we are paid customary fees. During the year ended December 31, 2004 and the nine month period ended September 30, 2005, Goldman, Sachs & Co. accounted for less than 1% of our revenues. In the future, we may, from time to time, engage in transactions with and perform services for one or more of the underwriters in the ordinary course of business.
As of October 26, 2005, Goldman, Sachs & Co. beneficially owned 774,561 shares of our outstanding shares of common stock.
The underwriters and their affiliates have from time to time provided, and expect to provide in the future, investment banking, commercial banking and other financial services to us and our affiliates, including the selling stockholder, for which they have received and may continue to receive customary fees and commissions.
The legality of the securities offered hereby will be passed upon for Equinix by Gunderson Dettmer Stough Villeneuve Franklin & Hachigian, LLP, Menlo Park, California. Certain legal matters will be passed upon for the underwriters by Davis Polk & Wardwell, Menlo Park, California. Certain legal matters will be passed upon for the selling stockholder by Latham & Watkins LLP, San Francisco, California and Wong Partnership, Singapore.
S-84
INDEX TO FINANCIAL STATEMENTS OF EQUINIX, INC.
Page | ||
S-F-2 | ||
S-F-4 | ||
S-F-5 | ||
Consolidated Statements of Stockholders Equity and Other Comprehensive Income (Loss) |
S-F-6 | |
S-F-8 | ||
S-F-9 |
S-F-1
REPORT OF INDEPENDENT REGISTERED PUBLIC ACCOUNTING FIRM
To the Board of Directors and
Stockholders of Equinix, Inc.:
We have completed an integrated audit of Equinix, Inc.s 2004 consolidated financial statements and of its internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2004 and audits of its 2003 and 2002 consolidated financial statements in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Our opinions, based on our audits, are presented below.
Consolidated financial statements
In our opinion, the consolidated financial statements listed in the index appearing on page S-F-1 present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of Equinix, Inc. and its subsidiaries at December 31, 2004 and 2003, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for each of the three years in the period ended December 31, 2004 in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America. These financial statements are the responsibility of the Companys management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these financial statements based on our audits. We conducted our audits of these statements in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit of financial statements includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements, assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, and evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.
Internal control over financial reporting
Also, in our opinion, managements assessment, included in Managements Report on Internal Control Over Financial Reporting appearing on page S-60, that the Company maintained effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2004 based on criteria established in Internal ControlIntegrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), is fairly stated, in all material respects, based on those criteria. Furthermore, in our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2004, based on criteria established in Internal ControlIntegrated Framework issued by the COSO. The Companys management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting. Our responsibility is to express opinions on managements assessment and on the effectiveness of the Companys internal control over financial reporting based on our audit. We conducted our audit of internal control over financial reporting in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. An audit of internal control over financial reporting includes obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, evaluating managements assessment, testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control, and performing such other procedures as we consider necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinions.
A companys internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A companys internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (i) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (ii) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance
S-F-2
with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (iii) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the companys assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.
Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.
PricewaterhouseCoopers LLP
San Jose, California
March 10, 2005
S-F-3
CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS
(in thousands, except share and per share data)
September 30, 2005 |
December 31, |
|||||||||||
2004 |
2003 |
|||||||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||||||
Assets | ||||||||||||
Current assets: |
||||||||||||
Cash and cash equivalents |
$ | 42,573 | $ | 25,938 | $ | 26,869 | ||||||
Short-term investments |
41,248 | 64,499 | 46,102 | |||||||||
Accounts receivable, net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $151 (unaudited), $337 and $315 |
16,199 | 11,919 | 10,178 | |||||||||
Prepaids and other current assets |
3,289 | 4,726 | 3,139 | |||||||||
Total current assets |
103,309 | 107,082 | 86,288 | |||||||||
Long-term investments |
24,469 | 17,655 | | |||||||||
Property and equipment, net |
371,005 | 343,361 | 343,554 | |||||||||
Goodwill |
21,344 | 22,018 | 21,228 | |||||||||
Debt issuance costs, net |
2,621 | 3,164 | 5,954 | |||||||||
Other assets |
10,632 | 8,518 | 7,508 | |||||||||
Total assets |
$ | 533,380 | $ | 501,798 | $ | 464,532 | ||||||
Liabilities and Stockholders Equity | ||||||||||||
Current liabilities: |
||||||||||||
Accounts payable and accrued expenses |
$ | 27,334 | $ | 21,028 | $ | 18,052 | ||||||
Accrued interest payable |
390 | 1,706 | 1,114 | |||||||||
Current portion of accrued restructuring charges |
2,115 | 1,952 | 828 | |||||||||
Current portion of debt facilities and capital lease obligations |
955 | 675 | 2,689 | |||||||||
Current portion of credit facility |
| | 12,000 | |||||||||
Other current liabilities |
8,428 | 6,877 | 3,843 | |||||||||
Total current liabilities |
39,222 | 32,238 | 38,526 | |||||||||
Accrued restructuring charges, less current portion |
11,848 | 12,798 | | |||||||||
Debt facilities and capital lease obligations, less current portion |
48,748 | 34,529 | 723 | |||||||||
Credit facility, less current portion |
| | 22,281 | |||||||||
Senior notes |
| | 29,220 | |||||||||
Convertible secured notes |
1,962 | 35,824 | 31,683 | |||||||||
Convertible subordinated debentures |
86,250 | 86,250 | | |||||||||
Deferred rent and other liabilities |
30,274 | 26,453 | 22,022 | |||||||||
Total liabilities |
218,304 | 228,092 | 144,455 | |||||||||
Commitments and contingencies (Note 14) |
||||||||||||
Stockholders equity: |
||||||||||||
Preferred stock, $0.001 par value per share; 100,000,000 shares authorized in 2005, 2004 and 2003; 1,868,667 shares issued and outstanding in 2005, 2004 and 2003; liquidation value of $18,298 as of September 30, 2005 and December 31, 2004 and 2003 |
2 | 2 | 2 | |||||||||
Common stock, $0.001 par value per share; 300,000,000 shares authorized in 2005, 2004 and 2003; 24,188,739 (unaudited), 18,999,468 and 15,084,425 shares issued and outstanding in 2005, 2004 and 2003 |
24 | 19 | 15 | |||||||||
Additional paid-in capital |
836,108 | 776,123 | 755,698 | |||||||||
Deferred stock-based compensation |
(7,458 | ) | (260 | ) | (1,032 | ) | ||||||
Accumulated other comprehensive income |
843 | 2,257 | 1,198 | |||||||||
Accumulated deficit |
(514,443 | ) | (504,435 | ) | (435,804 | ) | ||||||
Total stockholders equity |
315,076 | 273,706 | 320,077 | |||||||||
Total liabilities and stockholders equity |
$ | 533,380 | $ | 501,798 | $ | 464,532 | ||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
S-F-4
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS
(in thousands, except per share data)
Nine months ended September 30, |
Year ended December 31, |
|||||||||||||||||||
2005 |
2004 |
2004 |
2003 |
2002 |
||||||||||||||||
(unaudited) | ||||||||||||||||||||
Revenues |
$ | 159,259 | $ | 118,682 | $ | 163,671 | $ | 117,942 | $ | 77,188 | ||||||||||
Costs and operating expenses: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Cost of revenues |
116,639 | 102,245 | 136,950 | 128,121 | 104,073 | |||||||||||||||
Sales and marketing |
14,793 | 13,498 | 18,604 | 19,483 | 15,247 | |||||||||||||||
General and administrative |
33,594 | 24,544 | 32,494 | 34,293 | 30,659 | |||||||||||||||
Restructuring charges |
| | 17,685 | | 28,885 | |||||||||||||||
Total costs and operating expenses |
165,026 | 140,287 | 205,733 | 181,897 | 178,864 | |||||||||||||||
Loss from operations |
(5,767 | ) | (21,605 | ) | (42,062 | ) | (63,955 | ) | (101,676 | ) | ||||||||||
Interest income |
2,644 | 819 | 1,291 | 296 | 998 | |||||||||||||||
Interest expense |
(6,332 | ) | (8,765 | ) | (11,496 | ) | (20,512 | ) | (35,098 | ) | ||||||||||
Gain (loss) on debt extinguishment and conversion |
| (16,211 | ) | (16,211 | ) | | 114,158 | |||||||||||||
Net loss before income taxes |
(9,455 | ) | (45,762 | ) | (68,478 | ) | (84,171 | ) | (21,618 | ) | ||||||||||
Income taxes |
(553 | ) | (200 | ) | (153 | ) | | | ||||||||||||
Net loss |
$ | (10,008 | ) | $ | (45,962 | ) | $ | (68,631 | ) | $ | (84,171 | ) | $ | (21,618 | ) | |||||
Net loss per share: |
||||||||||||||||||||
Basic and diluted |
$ | (0.43 | ) | $ | (2.65 | ) | $ | (3.87 | ) | $ | (8.76 | ) | $ | (7.23 | ) | |||||
Weighted average shares |
23,335 | 17,370 | 17,719 | 9,604 | 2,990 | |||||||||||||||
See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.
S-F-5
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY AND OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)
For the Three Years Ended December 31, 2004
(in thousands, except share data)
Preferred stock |
Common stock |
Additional paid-in |
Deferred stock-based compensation |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) |
Accumulated deficit |
Total stockholders equity |
||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares |
Amount |
Shares |
Amount |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balances as of December 31, 2001 |
| $ | | 2,502,412 | $ | 3 | $ | 544,420 | $ | (11,022 | ) | $ | 135 | $ | (330,015 | ) | $ | 203,521 | ||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of common stock options |
| | 12,965 | | 112 | | | | 112 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of common stock warrants |
| | 58,551 | | 11 | | | | 11 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan |
| | 16,689 | | 415 | | | | 415 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock upon exchange of senior notes |
| | 2,357,001 | 2 | 30,831 | | | | 30,833 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common and preferred stock upon acquisition of i-STT |
1,868,667 | 2 | 1,084,686 | 1 | 31,184 | | | | 31,187 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock upon acquisition of Pihana |
| | 2,416,379 | 2 | 25,515 | | | | 25,517 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance/revaluation of common and preferred stock warrants |
| | | | 6,856 | | | | 6,856 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Deferred stock-based compensation, net of forfeitures |
| | | | (1,279 | ) | 1,279 | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization of stock-based compensation |
| | | | | 6,878 | | | 6,878 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income (loss): |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss |
| | | | | | | (21,618 | ) | (21,618 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation gain |
| | | | | | 498 | | 498 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized loss on short-term investments |
| | | | | | (16 | ) | | (16 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Net comprehensive income (loss) |
| | | | | | 482 | (21,618 | ) | (21,136 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Balances as of December 31, 2002 |
1,868,667 | 2 | 8,448,683 | 8 | 638,065 | (2,865 | ) | 617 | (351,633 | ) | 284,194 | |||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of common stock options |
| | 383,198 | | 1,541 | | | | 1,541 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock upon exercise of common stock warrants |
| | 536,457 | 1 | 10 | | | | 11 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock under employee stock purchase plan |
| | 191,307 | | 569 | | | | 569 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance of common stock from follow-on equity offering |
| | 5,524,780 | 6 | 104,437 | | | | 104,443 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Issuance/revaluation of common stock warrants and value of beneficial conversion feature in connection with Crosslink financing |
| | | | 10,004 | | | | 10,004 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Deferred stock-based compensation, net of forfeitures |
| | | | 1,072 | (1,072 | ) | | | | ||||||||||||||||||||
Amortization of stock-based compensation |
| | | | | 2,905 | | | 2,905 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Comprehensive income (loss): |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Net loss |
| | | | | | | (84,171 | ) | (84,171 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Foreign currency translation gain |
| | | | | | 577 | | 577 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Unrealized gain on short-term investments |
| | | | | | 4 | | 4 | |||||||||||||||||||||
Net comprehensive income (loss) |
| | | | | | 581 | (84,171 | ) | (83,590 | ) | |||||||||||||||||||
Balances as of December 31, 2003 |
1,868,667 | 2 | 15,084,425 | 15 | 755,698 | (1,032 | ) | 1,198 | (435,804 | ) | 320,077 |
S-F-6
CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF STOCKHOLDERS EQUITY AND OTHER COMPREHENSIVE INCOME (LOSS)(Continued)
For the Three Years Ended December 31, 2004
(in thousands, except share data)
Preferred stock |
Common stock |
Additional paid-in |
Deferred stock-based compensation |
Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss) |
Accumulated deficit |
Total stockholders equity |
||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Shares |
Amount |
Shares |
Amount |
|||||||||||||||||||||||||||||
Balances as of December 31, 2003 |
1,868,667 |