Form 10-K for year ended 12/31/2008
Table of Contents

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

WASHINGTON, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM 10-K

 

 

 

x ANNUAL REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For The Fiscal Year Ended December 31, 2008

or

 

¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the Transition Period from                     to                     

Commission file number-001-33388

 

 

CAI International, Inc.

(Exact name of registrant as specified in the charter)

 

 

 

Delaware   94-3298884

(State or other jurisdiction of

incorporation or organization)

 

(I.R.S. Employer

Identification Number)

One Embarcadero Center, Suite 2101

San Francisco, California

  94111
(Address of principal executive office)   (Zip Code)

(415) 788-0100

(Registrant’s telephone number including area code)

 

 

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(b) of the Act:

 

Title of each class   Name of exchange on which registered:
Common Stock, par value $0.0001 per share   New York Stock Exchange

Securities registered pursuant to Section 12(g) of the Act: None

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is a well-known seasoned issuer, as defined in Rule 405 of the Securities Act.    Yes  ¨    No  x

Indicate by check mark if the registrant is not required to file reports pursuant to Section 13 or Section 15(d) of the Act.    Yes  ¨    No  x

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirement for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark if disclosure of delinquent filers pursuant to Item 405 of Regulation S-K is not contained herein, and will not be contained, to the best of registrant’s knowledge, in definitive proxy or information statements incorporated by reference in Part III of this Form 10-K or any amendment to this Form 10-K.    ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, or a non-accelerated filer. See definition of “accelerated filer and large accelerated filer” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act (Check one):

 

Large accelerated filer  ¨   Accelerated filer  x

Non-accelerated filer  ¨

(Do not check if smaller reporting company)

  Smaller reporting company  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in the Exchange Act Rule 12b-2). Yes  ¨    No  x

As of June 30, 2008, the last business day of the Registrant’s most recently completed second fiscal quarter, there were 17,141,896 shares of the Registrant’s common stock outstanding, and the aggregate market value of such shares held by non-affiliates of the Registrant (based upon the closing sale price of such shares on the New York Stock Exchange on June 30, 2008) was approximately $143,544,000. Shares of Registrant’s common stock held by each executive officer and director and by each entity or person that, to the Registrant’s knowledge, owned 5% or more of Registrant’s outstanding common stock as of June 30, 2008 have been excluded in that such persons may be deemed to be affiliates of the Registrant. This determination of affiliate status is not necessarily a conclusive determination for other purposes.

As of March 1, 2009, there were 17,920,778 shares of the Registrant’s common stock outstanding.

DOCUMENTS INCORPORATED BY REFERENCE

Portions of the registrant’s Proxy Statement relating to the registrant’s 2009 Annual Meeting of Stockholders are incorporated by reference into Part III hereof.

 

 

 


Table of Contents

PART I

     

Item 1.

   Business    4

Item 1A.

   Risk Factors    15

Item 1B.

   Unresolved Staff Comments    30

Item 2.

   Properties    30

Item 3.

   Legal Proceedings    31

Item 4.

   Submission of Matters to a Vote of Security Holders    31

PART II

     

Item 5.

   Market for Registrant’s Common Equity, Related Stockholder Matters, and Issuer Purchases of Equity Securities    32

Item 6.

   Selected Financial Data    34

Item 7.

   Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations    38

Item 7A.

   Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk    60

Item 8.

   Financial Statements and Supplementary Data    62

Item 9.

   Changes In and Disagreements With Accountants on Accounting and Financial Disclosure    62

Item 9A.

   Controls and Procedures    62

Item 9B.

   Other Information    65

PART III

     

Item 10.

   Directors, Executive Officers and Corporate Governance    65

Item 11.

   Executive Compensation    65

Item 12.

   Security Ownership of Certain Beneficial Owners and Management and Related Stockholder Matters    65

Item 13.

   Certain Relationships and Related Transactions, and Director Independence    65

Item 14.

   Principal Accounting Fees and Services    65

PART IV

     

Item 15.

   Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules    66

Signatures

   67

Index to Consolidated Financial Statements

   F-1

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

   F-2

Consolidated Balance Sheets

   F-3

Consolidated Statements of Operations

   F-4

Consolidated Statements of Cumulative Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock and Stockholders’ Equity

   F-5

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows

   F-6

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

   F-7

Schedule II—Valuation Accounts

   F-30

 

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CAUTIONARY STATEMENT FOR PURPOSES OF THE “SAFE HARBOR” PROVISIONS OF THE PRIVATE SECURITIES LITIGATION REFORM ACT OF 1995

This Annual Report on Form 10-K contains certain forward-looking statements, including, without limitation, statements concerning the conditions in our industry, our operations, our economic performance and financial condition, including, in particular, statements relating to our business and growth strategy and service development efforts. The Private Securities Litigation Reform Act of 1995 provides a “safe harbor” for certain forward-looking statements so long as such information is identified as forward-looking and is accompanied by meaningful cautionary statements identifying important factors that could cause actual results to differ materially from those projected in the information. When used in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, the words “may”, “might”, “should”, “estimate”, “project”, “plan”, “anticipate”, “expect”, “intend”, “outlook”, “believe” and other similar expressions are intended to identify forward-looking statements and information. You are cautioned not to place undue reliance on these forward-looking statements, which speak only as of their dates. These forward-looking statements are based on estimates and assumptions by our management that, although we believe to be reasonable, are inherently uncertain and subject to a number of risks and uncertainties. These risks and uncertainties include, without limitation, those identified under the caption Item 1A. “Risk Factors” in this annual report and in all our filings filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission (“SEC”). We undertake no obligation to publicly update or revise any forward-looking statement as a result of new information, future events or otherwise, except as otherwise required by law. Reference is also made to such risks and uncertainties detailed from time to time in our filings with the SEC.

WEBSITE ACCESS TO COMPANY’S REPORTS AND CODE OF ETHICS

Our Internet website address is http://www.caiintl.com. Our annual reports on Form 10-K, quarterly reports on Form 10-Q, current reports on Form 8-K, and amendments to those reports filed or furnished pursuant to Section 13(a) or 15(d) of the Exchange Act are available free of charge through our website as soon as reasonably practicable after they are electronically filed with, or furnished to, the Securities and Exchange Commission. Our Code of Ethics is also available on our website.

Also, copies of the Company’s annual report and Code of Ethics will be made available, free of charge, upon written request.

SERVICE MARKS MATTERS

The following items referred to in this annual report are registered or unregistered service marks in the United States and/or foreign jurisdictions pursuant to applicable intellectual property laws and are the property of us and our subsidiaries: CAI® and CAI International.

 

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PART I

 

ITEM 1. BUSINESS

Our Company

We are one of the world’s leading container leasing and management companies. We operate our business through two segments: container leasing and container management. We purchase new containers, lease them primarily to container shipping lines, freight forwarders and other transportation companies and either retain them as part of our owned fleet or sell them to container investors for whom we then provide management services. In operating our fleet, we lease, re-lease and dispose of containers and contract for the repair, repositioning and storage of containers. As of December 31, 2008, our fleet comprised 778,000 TEUs, 68.7% of which represented our managed fleet and 31.3% of which represented our owned fleet.

We lease our containers to lessees under long-term leases, short-term leases and finance leases. Long-term leases cover a specified number of containers that will be on lease for a fixed period of time. Short-term leases provide lessees with the ability to lease containers either for a fixed term of less than one year or without a fixed term on an as-needed basis, with flexible pick-up and drop-off of containers at depots worldwide. Finance leases are long-term lease contracts that grant the lessee the right to purchase the container at the end of the term for a nominal amount. As of December 31, 2008, 89.6% of our fleet, as measured in TEUs, was on lease, with 72.9% of these containers on long-term leases, 23.8% on short-term leases and 3.3% on finance leases.

We manage containers under management agreements that cover portfolios of containers. Our management agreements typically have terms of 10 years and provide that we receive a management fee based upon the actual rental revenue for each container less the actual operating expenses directly attributable to that container. We also receive fees for selling used containers on behalf of container investors.

Our container leasing segment revenue comprises container rental revenue and finance lease income from our owned fleet, and our container management segment revenue comprises gain on sale of container portfolios and management fee revenue for managing containers for container investors. The operating results of each segment for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, three months ended December 31, 2006 and nine months ended September 30, 2006 are summarized in Note 16 to our consolidated financial statements included in this filing. For the year ended December 31, 2008, we recorded total revenue of $83.1 million, net loss of $27.0 million and adjusted EBITDA of $68.4 million. Net loss for the year ended December 31, 2008 includes a goodwill impairment charge of $50.2 million (see Note 4 to our consolidated financial statements included in this filing). A comparison of our 2008 financial results with those of the prior years and a definition of adjusted EBITDA can be found on Item 6, Selected Financial Data of this Form 10-K filing.

History

We were founded in 1989 by our Executive Chairman, Hiromitsu Ogawa, as a traditional container leasing company that leased containers owned by us to container shipping lines. We were originally incorporated under the name Container Applications International, Inc. in the state of Nevada on August 3, 1989. On February 2, 2007, we were reincorporated under our present name in the state of Delaware. Prior to October 1, 2006, we had two principal stockholders, each of whom beneficially owned 50.0% of our Company’s outstanding common stock. These stockholders were our founder and then Chief Executive Officer (now Executive Chairman), Hiromitsu Ogawa and Interpool Inc. (Interpool). On October 1, 2006, we repurchased 10,584,000 shares or 50.0% of our outstanding common stock held by Interpool.

On May 16, 2007, we completed an initial public offering (“IPO”) of our common stock and listed our common stock on the New York Stock exchange under the symbol “CAP”. We sold 5.8 million shares of our common stock and used the proceeds to pay off our convertible debt, our term loan outstanding under a senior secured credit facility and a portion of the amount outstanding under our revolving line of credit under a senior secured credit facility with a consortium of banks.

 

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On April 30, 2008, the Company acquired CAI Consent Sweden AB (Consent), formerly named Consent Equipment AB, a European container and intermodal equipment leasing company, for $14.6 million in cash (net of $1.3 million cash acquired) and the assumption of approximately $25.7 million in debt. Consent is headquartered in Gothenburg, Sweden, and has operations located in Sweden, Germany and the United Kingdom. (See Note 3 to our consolidated financial statements included in this filing).

Corporate Information

Our corporate headquarters and principal executive offices are located at One Embarcadero Center, Suite 2101, San Francisco, California 94111. Our telephone number is (415) 788-0100 and our Web Site is located at http://www.caiintl.com. Our U.S. branch offices are located in Charleston, South Carolina and Florham Park, New Jersey. We operate our business in 13 offices in 11 countries including the United States, and have agents in Asia, Europe, South Africa, Australia and South America. Our wholly owned international subsidiaries are located in the United Kingdom, Japan, Malaysia, Sweden and Barbados. We also own 80% of CAIJ Ltd. in Japan.

Industry Overview

We operate in the worldwide intermodal freight container leasing industry. Intermodal freight containers, or containers, are large, standardized steel boxes used to transport cargo by a number of means, including ship, truck and rail. Container shipping lines use containers as the primary means for packaging and transporting freight internationally, principally from export-oriented economies in Asia to North America and Western Europe.

Containers are built in accordance with standard dimensions and weight specifications established by the International Standards Organization (ISO). The industry-standard measurement unit is the 20’ equivalent unit, or TEU, which compares the size of a container to a standard container 20’ in length. For example, a 20’ container is equivalent to one TEU and a 40’ container is equivalent to two TEUs. Containers are eight feet wide, come in lengths of 20’, 40’ or 45’ and are either 8’6” or 9’6” tall. The two principal types of containers are described as follows:

 

   

Dry van containers. A dry van container is constructed of steel sides, roof and end panel with a set of doors on the other end, a wooden floor and a steel undercarriage. Dry van containers are the least expensive and most commonly used type of container. According to Containerisation International, World Container Census 2008, dry van containers comprised approximately 89.5% of the worldwide container fleet, as measured in TEUs, as of mid-2007. They are used to carry general cargo, such as manufactured component parts, consumer staples, electronics and apparel.

 

   

Specialized equipment. Specialized equipment consist of open-top, flat-racks, palletwide containers, swapbodies, roll trailers, refrigerated containers and tank containers. An open-top container is similar in construction to a dry van container except that the roof is replaced with a tarpaulin supported by removable roof bows. A flat-rack container is a heavily reinforced steel platform with a wood deck and steel end panels. Open-top and flat-rack containers are generally used to move heavy or oversized cargo, such as marble slabs, building products or machinery. Palletwide containers are a type of dry-van container externally similar to ISO standard containers, but internally about two inches wider so as to accommodate two European-sized pallets side-by-side. Swapbodies are a type of dry van container designed to be easily transferred between rail, truck, and barge and are equipped with legs under their frames. Roll trailers are a type of flat-bed trailer equipped with rubber wheels underneath for terminal haulage and stowage on board of roll-on/roll-off vessels. A refrigerated container has an integral refrigeration unit on one end which plugs into an outside power source and is used to transport perishable goods. Tank containers are used to transport bulk products such as chemicals, oils, and other liquids. According to Containerisation International, World Container Census 2008, specialized containers comprised approximately 10.5% of the worldwide container fleet, as measured in TEUs, as of mid-2007.

 

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Containers provide a secure and cost-effective method of transportation because they can be used in multiple modes of transportation, making it possible to move cargo from a point of origin to a final destination without repeated unpacking and repacking. As a result, containers reduce transit time and freight and labor costs as they permit faster loading and unloading of shipping vessels and more efficient utilization of transportation containers than traditional bulk shipping methods. The protection provided by containers also reduces damage, loss and theft of cargo during shipment. While the useful economic life of containers varies based upon the damage and normal wear and tear suffered by the container, we estimate that the useful economic life for a dry van container used in intermodal transportation is 12.5 years.

Container shipping lines own and lease containers for their use. Containerisation International, Market Analysis: World Container Census 2008, estimates that as of mid-2007, transportation companies (including container shipping lines and freight forwarders), owned approximately 58.6% of the total worldwide container fleet and container leasing companies owned approximately 41.4% of the total worldwide container fleet. Given the uncertainty and variability of export volumes and the fact that container shipping lines have difficulty in accurately forecasting their container requirements at different ports, the availability of containers for lease significantly reduces a container shipping line’s need to purchase and maintain excess container inventory. In addition, container leases allow the container shipping lines to adjust their container fleets both seasonally and over time and help to balance trade flows. The flexibility offered by container leasing helps container shipping lines improve their overall fleet management and provides the container shipping lines with an alternative source of financing.

Our Strengths

We believe our strengths include the following:

 

   

Multiple Sources of Revenue. Our business is structured to generate a diversified stream of revenue from multiple sources. We actively manage a mix of owned and managed containers in our fleet to provide us with diversified revenues over long periods of time. We supplement container rental revenue and management fee revenue with gains on sale of container portfolios that generate significant incremental revenue and facilitate the growth in management fee revenue as we convert containers owned by us to containers managed by us for our container investors. We are also able to diversify our revenue base by managing the mix of containers under long-term, short-term and finance leases. Maintaining a range of lease types and duration allows us to provide services customized to our clients’ needs By having multiple sources of revenue, we believe that we have been able to realize a higher return on assets and equity than would have been possible if our fleet had consisted entirely of containers owned by us. We believe it is important to maintain a balance between the size of our owned fleet and our managed fleet to maintain our multiple sources of revenue.

 

   

High-Quality Asset Management Services. We sell portfolios of leased containers to a number of container investors in Europe and Asia through various intermediaries. Following the sale, we manage these portfolios on behalf of the container investors. We believe that container investors view us as one of the highest quality companies providing container management services due to the quality of the container portfolios that we sell and the asset management services that we provide.

 

   

Growth in International Trade. Our global reach positions us to participate in long-term global growth trends in international trade. With agreements with multiple container depots in more than 45 countries, we are positioned to serve our global customer base in the developing economies in Asia, Europe and the Mediterranean.

 

   

Capital-efficient Third-party Fleet Management Operation. Our container management segment provides us with revenue at the time of sale, long-term contractual management fees and a sales fee earned when we sell used containers for container investors, all with very little long-term investment from us. We have grown our managed fleet by selling portfolios of containers to container investors, most of which are subject to lease at the time of sale. By selling these portfolios to container investors,

 

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we are able to free up capital more quickly than if we kept the containers as part of our owned fleet. This enables us to deploy the capital for other uses, such as additional container purchases and repayment of debt.

 

   

Long-standing Container Lessee Relationships with Attractive Credit Characteristics. We currently lease containers to over 240 container lessees, including many of the largest international container shipping lines. As of December 31, 2008, we had conducted business with the top 20 lessees of our total fleet, as measured in TEUs, for an average of over 13 years. These top 20 lessees had, as of December 31, 2008, a weighted-average Dynamar credit rating of 2.3 on a rating scale of one through ten, with a one representing the strongest credit rating. Dynamar B.V. provides credit ratings to the container leasing industry.

 

   

Experienced Management Team. We have significant experience in the container leasing industry. Our four key officers have an average of approximately 24 years of experience in the container leasing industry. In addition, our marketing, operations and underwriting personnel have developed long-term relationships with lessees that improve our access to continued opportunities with leading container shipping lines.

 

   

Flexibility to Satisfy Changing Market Demands. Our operating expertise and financial flexibility enable us to meet the evolving requirements of lessees and container investors. We have significant experience in structuring and selling to container investors portfolios of containers that have attractive investment returns. By selling these portfolios to container investors, we have been able to purchase a substantial number of new containers while at the same time maintaining significant borrowing capacity under our senior secured credit facility. This has enabled us to choose when to purchase new containers based upon our expectations of near-term market conditions and quickly respond to the changing demands of lessees for short- and long-term leases. In order to increase the amount of credit available to us for these and other purposes, we have increased our revolving line of credit under our senior secured credit facility from $200 million as of September 25, 2007 to $290 million as of December 31, 2008.

 

   

Proprietary, Real-time Information Technology System. We have developed a proprietary, real-time information technology (IT) system to assist us in managing our container fleet. Our information technology system allows us to monitor lease status, repair billings and contract terms of every individual container in our fleet. By actively maintaining and reviewing this information, we are able to more efficiently manage the logistics and billings of our business. Our proprietary IT system has been essential to providing a high level of customer service and we believe it is scalable to satisfy our future growth without significant capital expenditures.

Risks Affecting Us

In operating our business we have faced and will continue to face significant challenges. Our ability to successfully operate our business is subject to numerous risks as discussed more fully in Item 1A entitled “Risk Factors.” For example:

 

   

demand for leased containers and per diem rates could decline further if the current global recession persists for an extended period of time and other macroeconomic market conditions affecting the container leasing industry worsen;

 

   

demand from container investors to purchase portfolios of leased containers at prices that are attractive to us could decline;

 

   

container shipping lines could decide to buy rather than lease a larger percentage of the containers they use;

 

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demand for leased containers by container shipping lines could decrease due to consolidation of container shipping lines or other factors;

 

   

per diem rates for leases could decline;

 

   

new container prices could increase or decrease unexpectedly;

 

   

shipping could be disrupted by a number of causes, including terrorist attacks and regional economic instability;

 

   

we could lose key members of our senior management;

 

   

our lessees could default on their lease payment obligations to us; and

 

   

we face extensive competition in the container leasing industry.

Any of the above risks could cause our revenue to decline or could otherwise materially and adversely affect our business, financial position and results of operations.

Our Operations

Container Fleet Overview. The table below summarizes the composition of our fleet as of December 31, 2008 by the type of container:

 

     Dry Van
Containers
   Percent of
Total
Fleet
    Specialized
Equipment
   Percent of
Total Fleet
    Total    Percent of
Total Fleet
 

Managed Fleet in TEU

   531,149    68.3 %   3,404    0.4 %   534,553    68.7 %

Owned fleet in TEU

   217,308    27.9 %   26,100    3.4 %   243,408    31.3 %
                                 

Total

   748,457    96.2 %   29,504    3.8 %   777,961    100.0 %
                                 

Overview of Management Services. We lease, re-lease and dispose of containers and contract for the repair, repositioning and storage of our managed fleet. Our management agreements typically provide that our fee for managing a particular container is based upon the actual net operating revenue for each container, which is equal to the actual rental revenue for a container less the actual operating expenses directly attributable to that container. Management fees are collected monthly or quarterly, depending upon the agreement, and generally are not paid if net operating revenue is zero or less for a particular period. If operating expenses exceed revenue, the container investors are required to pay the excess or we may deduct the excess, including our management fee, from future net operating revenue. Under these agreements, we typically receive a commission for selling or otherwise disposing of containers for the container investor. Our management agreements generally require us to indemnify the container investor for liabilities or losses arising out of our breach of our obligations. In return, the container investor typically indemnifies us in our capacity as the manager of the container against breach by the container investor, sales taxes on commencement of the arrangement, withholding taxes on payments to the container investor under the management agreement and any other taxes, other than our income taxes, incurred with respect to the containers that are not otherwise included as operating expenses deductible from revenue. The term of our management agreements is generally 10 years from the acceptance date of containers under the agreement.

Marketing and Operations. Our marketing and operations personnel are responsible for developing and maintaining relationships with our lessees, facilitating lease contracts and maintaining day-to-day coordination of operational issues. This coordination allows us to negotiate lease contracts that satisfy both our financial return requirements and our lessees’ operating needs. It also facilitates our awareness of lessees’ potential container shortages and their awareness of our available container inventories.

 

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We believe that our long-standing relationships with our lessees and the close communications we maintain with their operating staffs represent an important advantage for us. As of December 31, 2008, we employed 63 people within our marketing and operations group in eight countries. In addition, we have 12 independent agents in 12 other countries that help support our marketing and operations group.

Overview of Our Leases. To meet the needs of our lessees and achieve a favorable utilization rate, we lease containers under three main types of leases:

 

   

Long-Term Leases. Our long-term leases specify the number of containers to be leased, the pick-up and drop-off locations, the applicable per diem rate and the contractual term. We typically enter into long-term leases for a fixed term ranging from three to eight years, with five-year term leases being most common. Our long-term leases generally require our lessees to maintain all units on lease for the duration of the lease, which provides us with scheduled lease payments. Some of our long-term leases contain an early termination option and afford the lessee continuing supply and total interchangeability of containers, with the ability to redeliver containers if the lessee’s fleet requirements change. Our leases typically require the lessees to pay additional amounts pursuant to retroactive rate adjustments. These rate adjustments have not been material to our results of operations. As of December 31, 2008, approximately 72.9% of our on-lease fleet, as measured in TEUs, was under long-term leases.

 

   

Short-Term Leases. Short-term leases include both master interchange leases and customized short-term leases. Master interchange leases provide a master framework pursuant to which lessees can lease containers on an as-needed basis, and thus command a higher per diem rate than long-term leases and more flexible terms. The terms of master interchange leases are typically negotiated on an annual basis. Under our master interchange leases, lessees know in advance their per diem rates and drop-off locations, subject to monthly port limits. We also enter into other short-term leases that typically have a term of less than one year and are generally used for one-way leasing, typically for small quantities of containers. The terms of short-term leases are customized for the specific requirements of the lessee. Short-term leases are sometimes used to reposition containers to high-demand locations and accordingly may contain terms that provide incentives to lessees. As of December 31, 2008, approximately 23.8% of our on-lease fleet, as measured in TEUs, was under short-term leases.

 

   

Finance Leases. Finance leases provide our lessees with an alternative method to finance their container acquisitions. Finance leases are long-term in nature, typically ranging from three to five years, and require relatively little customer service attention. They ordinarily require fixed payments over a defined period and provide lessees with a right to purchase the subject containers for a nominal amount at the end of the lease term. Per diem rates under finance leases include an element of repayment of capital and, therefore, typically are higher than per diem rates charged under long-term leases. Finance leases require the container lessee to keep the containers on lease for the entire term of the lease. As of December 31, 2008, approximately 3.3% of our on-lease fleet, as measured in TEUs, was under finance leases.

Our lease agreements contain business terms, such as the per diem rate, term and drop-off schedule, and the general terms and conditions detailing standard rights and obligations. The lease agreement requires lessees to pay the contractual per diem rate, depot charges, taxes and other charges when due, to maintain the containers in good condition and repair, to return the containers in good condition in accordance with the return condition set forth in the lease agreement, to use the containers in compliance with all applicable laws, and to pay us for the value of the container as determined by the lease agreement if the container is lost or destroyed. The default clause in our lease agreement gives us certain legal remedies in the event that a container lessee is in breach of the terms underlying the lease agreement.

Our lease agreements contain an exclusion of warranties clause and require lessees to defend and indemnify us in most instances from third-party claims arising out of the lessee’s use, operation, possession or lease of the containers. Lessees are required to maintain physical damage and comprehensive general liability insurance and

 

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to indemnify us against loss with respect to the containers. We also maintain our own contingent physical damage and third-party liability insurance that covers our containers during both on-lease and off-lease periods. All of our insurance coverage is subject to annual deductible provisions and per occurrence and aggregate limits.

Underwriting. We lease to container shipping lines, freight forwarders and other transportation companies that meet our credit criteria. Depending on credit limits, our underwriting and credit decisions are controlled by our senior executives or our credit committee. Our credit committee includes our chief executive officer, chief financial officer, and two other members of our senior management. Our credit policy sets different maximum exposure limits depending on our relationship and previous experience with each container lessee. Credit criteria may include, but are not limited to, trade route, country, social and political climate, assessments of net worth, asset ownership, bank and trade credit references, credit bureau reports, including those from Dynamar, operational history and financial strength. Our credit committee monitors our lessees’ performance and our lease exposures on an ongoing basis and generally reviews all accounts with receivables over 90 days past due. Our underwriting processes are aided by the long payment experience we have with most of our lessees, our broad network of relationships in the shipping industry that provide current information about our lessees’ market reputations and our focus on collections.

Other factors minimizing losses due to default by a lessee include our ability to achieve a high recovery rate for containers in default situations and our ability to efficiently re-lease recovered containers. Many of our lessees call on ports that allow us to seize the lessees’ ships or their fuel stocked at depots, or repossess our containers if the container lessee is in default under our container leases. We typically incur operating expenses such as repairs and repositioning when containers are recovered after a container lessee default.

Re-leasing, Logistics Management and Depot Management. We believe that managing the period after termination of our containers’ first lease is one of the most important aspects of our business. Successful management of this period requires disciplined re-leasing capabilities, logistics management and depot management.

 

   

Re-leasing. Since our leases allow our lessees to return their containers, we typically lease a container several times during the time we manage it as part of our fleet. New containers can usually be leased with a limited sales and customer service infrastructure because initial leases for new containers typically cover large volumes of units and are fairly standardized transactions. Used containers, on the other hand, are typically leased in smaller transactions that are structured to accommodate pick-ups and returns in a variety of locations. Our utilization rates depend on our re-leasing abilities. Factors that affect our ability to re-lease used containers include the size of our lessee base, ability to anticipate lessee needs, our presence in relevant geographic locations and the level of service we provide our lessees. We believe that our global presence and long-standing relationships with over 240 container lessees as of December 31, 2008 provide us an advantage in re-leasing our containers relative to many of our smaller competitors.

 

   

Logistics Management. The shipping industry is characterized by large regional trade imbalances, with loaded containers generally flowing from export-oriented economies in Asia to North America and Western Europe. Because of these trade imbalances, container shipping lines have an incentive to return leased containers in relatively low export areas to avoid the cost of shipping empty containers. We have managed this structural imbalance of inventories with the following approach:

 

   

Limiting or prohibiting container returns to low-demand areas. In order to minimize our repositioning costs, our leases typically include a list of the specific locations to which containers may be returned, limitations on the number of containers that may be returned to low-demand locations, high drop-off charges for returning containers to low-demand locations or a combination of these provisions;

 

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Taking advantage of the secondary resale market. In order to maintain a younger fleet age profile, we have aggressively sold our older containers when they are returned to low demand areas.

 

   

Developing country-specific leasing markets to utilize older containers in the portable storage market. In North America and Western Europe, we lease on a limited basis older containers for use as portable storage.

 

   

Seeking one-way lease opportunities to move containers from lower demand locations to higher demand locations. One-way leases may include incentives, such as free days, credits and damage waivers. The cost of offering these incentives is considerably less than the cost we would incur if we paid to reposition the containers.

 

   

Paying to reposition our containers to higher demand locations. At locations where our inventories remain high, despite the efforts described above, we will selectively choose to ship excess containers to locations with higher demand.

 

   

Depot Management. As of December 31, 2008, we managed our container fleet through 223 independent container depot facilities located in 45 countries. Depot facilities are generally responsible for repairing containers when they are returned by lessees and for storing the containers while they are off-hire. Our operations group is responsible for managing our depot contracts and periodically visiting the depot facilities to conduct inventory and repair audits. We also supplement our internal operations group with the use of independent inspection agents. As of December 31, 2008 a large majority of our off-lease inventory was located at depots that are able to report notice of container activity and damage detail via electronic data interchange, or EDI. We use the industry standard, ISO 9897 Container Equipment Data Exchange messages, for EDI reporting.

Most of the depot agency agreements follow a standard form and generally provide that the depot will be liable for loss or damage of containers and, in the event of loss or damage, will pay us the previously agreed loss value of the applicable containers. The agreements require the depots to maintain insurance against container loss or damage and we carry insurance to cover the risk when a depot’s insurance proves insufficient.

Our container repair standards and processes are generally managed in accordance with standards and procedures specified by the Institute of International Container Lessors, or the IICL. The IICL establishes and documents the acceptable interchange condition for containers and the repair procedures required to return damaged containers to the acceptable interchange condition. At the time that containers are returned by lessees, the depot arranges an inspection of the containers to assess the repairs required to return the containers to acceptable IICL condition. As part of the inspection process, damages are categorized either as lessee damage or normal wear and tear. Items typically designated as lessee damage include dents in the container and debris left in the container, while items such as rust are typically designated as normal wear and tear. In general, lessees are responsible for the lessee damage portion of the repair costs and we are responsible for normal wear and tear. For an additional fee, we sometimes offer our lessees a container damage protection plan, pursuant to which we assume financial responsibility for repair costs up to a pre-negotiated amount.

Investors. We have historically sold portfolios of leased containers to investment entities located in Germany, Switzerland, Austria and Japan. Although we have sold several portfolios containing large numbers of containers to an investment company in Switzerland, the investment entities that typically have purchased containers from us are funds with many underlying investors. In Germany, these funds are frequently referred to as “KG Funds” although similar types of funds exist in other countries. These funds are formed by investment arrangers who act as financial intermediaries between lessors of containers and other shipping assets. We are contacted on a regular basis by independent investment arrangers who are interested in assisting us with arranging sales of container portfolios.

 

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These independent investment arrangers will either seek out investments in these leased assets on behalf of an investment fund or a group of investors or will work with us to identify an investor or group of investors to invest in a pool of these leased assets. Our 80% owned subsidiary, CAIJ Ltd., acts as investment arranger for sales of containers by us in Japan and manages container leases for investors in Japan.

Customer Concentration. Our customers include container lessees and container investors to whom we have sold container portfolios and for whom we manage containers.

 

   

Container Leasing Segment Concentration. Revenue from our ten largest container lessees represented 46.4% of the revenue from our container leasing segment for the year ended December 31, 2008, with revenue from our single largest container lessee accounting for 12.0%, or $7.0 million, of revenue from our container leasing segment during such period. This $7.0 million of revenue represented 8.5% of our total revenue for this period. The largest lessees of our owned fleet are often among the largest lessees of our managed fleet. The largest lessees of our managed fleet are responsible for a significant portion of the billings that generate our management fee revenue.

 

   

Container Management Segment Concentration. A substantial majority of our container management segment revenue is derived from container investors associated with five different investment arrangers located in Germany, Switzerland, Austria and Japan. These arrangers are typically in the business of identifying and organizing investors for a variety of investment vehicles and compete with other institutions in these and other countries that perform similar functions. Container investors associated with five independent investment arrangers represented 90.4% of our container management revenue for the year ended December 31, 2008. Revenue from our two largest container investors, IGB Container GmbH & Co. KG (IGB) and P&R Equipment and Finance Corp. (P&R) represented 44.2% or $10.8 million, and 22.7% or $5.5 million, respectively, of revenue from our container management segment during the year ended December 31, 2008. The combined revenue of $16.3 million associated with the two largest investment arrangers represented 19.6% of our total revenue for the year ended December 31, 2008. The willingness of investment arrangers to continue to form entities that invest in containers will depend upon a number of factors outside of our control, including the laws in the countries in which they are domiciled, the tax treatment of an investment or restrictions on foreign investments. If changes in tax laws in any country or other conditions make investments in containers less attractive, we will need to identify new container investors in other jurisdictions. If we are unable to identify new investors to offset decreases in demand, our gain on sale of container portfolios will decrease almost immediately, and management fee revenues will decrease if existing management agreements that terminate are not replaced by new management agreements.

Proprietary Real-time Information Technology System. Our proprietary real-time information technology system tracks all of our containers individually by container number, provides design specifications for the containers, tracks on-lease and off-lease transactions, matches each on-lease container to a lease contract and each off-lease container to a depot contract, maintains the major terms for each lease contract, tracks accumulated depreciation, calculates the monthly bill for each container lessee and tracks and bills for container repairs. Most of our depot activity is reported electronically, which enables us to prepare container lessee bills and calculate financial reporting information more efficiently.

In addition, our system allows our lessees to conduct business with us through the Internet. This allows our lessees to review our container inventories, monitor their on-lease information, view design specifications and receive information on maintenance and repair. Many of our lessees receive billing and on- and off- lease information from us electronically.

Our Suppliers. We purchase most of our containers in China from manufacturers that have met our qualification requirements. We are currently not dependent on any single current manufacturer. We have long-standing relationships with all of our major container suppliers. Our technical services personnel review the

 

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designs for our containers and periodically audit the production facilities of our suppliers. In addition, we contract with independent third-party inspectors to monitor production at factories while our containers are being produced. This provides an extra layer of quality control and helps ensure that our containers are produced in accordance with our specifications.

Our Competition

We compete primarily with other container leasing companies, including both larger and smaller lessors. We also compete with bank leasing companies offering long-term operating leases, finance leases and container shipping lines, which sometimes lease their excess container inventory. Other participants in the shipping industry, such as container manufacturers, may also decide to enter the container leasing business. It is common for container shipping lines to utilize several leasing companies to meet their container needs and to minimize reliance on individual leasing companies.

Our competitors compete with us in many ways, including pricing, lease flexibility, supply reliability, customer service and the quality and condition of containers. Some of our competitors have greater financial resources than we do, or are affiliates of larger companies. We emphasize the quality of our fleet, supply reliability and high level of customer service to our container lessees. We focus on ensuring adequate container availability in high-demand locations, dedicate large portions of our organization to building relationships with lessees, maintain close day-to-day coordination with lessees and have developed a proprietary information technology system that allows our lessees to access real-time information about their containers.

Environmental Matters

We are subject to federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations relating to the protection of the environment, including those governing the discharge of pollutants to air and water, the management and disposal of hazardous substances and wastes and the cleanup of contaminated sites. We could incur substantial costs, including cleanup costs, fines and third-party claims for property or natural resource damage and personal injury, as a result of violations of or liabilities under environmental laws and regulations in connection with our or our lessees’ current or historical operations. Under some environmental laws in the United States and certain other countries, the owner or operator of a container may be liable for environmental damage, cleanup or other costs in the event of a spill or discharge of material from the container without regard to the fault of the owner or operator. While we typically maintain liability insurance coverage and typically require our lessees to provide us with indemnity against certain losses, the insurance coverage is subject to large deductibles, limits on maximum coverage and significant exclusions and may not be sufficient or available to protect against any or all liabilities and such indemnities may not cover or be sufficient to protect us against losses arising from environmental damage.

Regulation

We may be subject to regulations promulgated in various countries, including the United States, seeking to protect the integrity of international commerce and prevent the use of containers for international terrorism or other illicit activities. For example, the Container Security Initiative, the Customs-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism and Operation Safe Commerce are among the programs administered by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security that are designed to enhance security for cargo moving throughout the international transportation system by identifying existing vulnerabilities in the supply chain and developing improved methods for ensuring the security of containerized cargo entering and leaving the United States. Moreover, the International Convention for Safe Containers, 1972, as amended, adopted by the International Maritime Organization, applies to new and existing containers and seeks to maintain a high level of safety of human life in

 

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the transport and handling of containers by providing uniform international safety regulations. As these regulations develop and change, we may incur increased compliance costs due to the acquisition of new, compliant containers and/or the adaptation of existing containers to meet any new requirements imposed by such regulations.

Employees

As of December 31, 2008, we employed approximately 89 employees worldwide. We are not a party to any collective bargaining agreements. We believe that relations with our employees are good.

 

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ITEM 1A. RISK FACTORS

Risks Related to Our Business and the Container Leasing Industry

Current economic conditions may adversely affect our industry, business and results of operations.

The United States and foreign economies are currently in a state of economic recession. The capital markets are currently experiencing a high level of volatility and liquidity has become constrained across the debt and equity markets. In addition, recent disruptions in national and international credit markets have led to a scarcity of credit, tighter lending standards and higher interest rates on business loans.

We increased our allowance for doubtful accounts in 2008 to recognize the increased credit risk brought about by the current economic environment. A prolonged economic downturn or a continuing scarcity of credit could further adversely affect the financial condition and levels of business activity of our customers. This may in turn have a corresponding negative impact on our future operating results as some of our customers may suffer business failures that may cause us to further incur higher bad debt expense in the future while others may react to worsening conditions by reducing their level of investment in container portfolios or reducing their leasing of containers from us. In addition, worsening economic conditions may impair our ability to attract new customers. Our average fleet utilization rate has been declining since the third quarter of 2008. If any of these economic circumstances remain in effect for an extended period of time, there could be a material adverse effect on our future financial results.

The demand for leased containers depends on many political, economic and other factors beyond our control.

Substantially all of our revenue comes from activities related to the leasing of containers. Our ability to continue successfully leasing containers to container shipping lines, earning management fees on leased containers and attracting container investors to purchase container portfolios from us depends in part upon the continued demand for leased containers. The demand for containers is affected by numerous factors.

Demand for containers depends largely on the rate of world trade and economic growth, with consumer demand being one of the most critical factors affecting this growth. Current economic downturns in one or more countries, particularly in the United States and other countries with consumer-oriented economies, has resulted in a reduction in world containerized trade growth or in demand by container shipping lines for leased containers. Most of the container investor programs into which we sell container portfolios employ a certain amount of debt in order to increase investor equity returns. The uncertainty on future demand for containers from container shipping lines, the potential of lower than expected performance of existing investments in container funds and the more difficulty in container investors being able to access debt for future investment programs, increases the potential that we may not be able to sell containers to investor programs in the future. In such case, our revenue, net income and cash flow will be lower than otherwise and will limit the level of growth in our operating fleet that we might otherwise be able to attain.

The current economic recession could result in a further decline in the future demand for shipping containers by our customers and could lead to an increase the number of containers returned to us, reduce our container rental revenue, further reduce utilization of our fleet, increase our operating expenses (such as storage, bad debt and repositioning costs) and have an adverse effect on our future financial performance. We cannot predict the degree to which the current economic recession in the U.S. and foreign economies will have on our financial condition and our future operating results.

Much of our leasing business involves shipments of goods exported from Asia. From time to time, there have been economic disruptions, health scares, such as SARS and avian flu, financial turmoil, natural disasters and political instability in Asia. If these events were to occur in the future, they could adversely affect our container lessees and the general demand for shipping and lead to reduced demand for leased containers or otherwise adversely affect us. Demand for containers originating from China and other Asian economies has

 

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been lower since the beginning of September 2008 and is expected to remain weak until world economic growth increases. Other general factors affecting demand for leased containers, utilization and per diem rates include the following:

 

   

prices of new and used containers;

 

   

economic conditions and competitive pressures in the shipping industry;

 

   

shifting trends and patterns of cargo traffic;

 

   

the availability and terms of container financing;

 

   

fluctuations in interest rates and foreign currency values;

 

   

overcapacity or undercapacity of the container manufacturers;

 

   

the lead times required to purchase containers;

 

   

the number of containers purchased by competitors and container lessees;

 

   

container ship fleet overcapacity or undercapacity;

 

   

increased repositioning by container shipping lines of their own empty containers to higher-demand locations in lieu of leasing containers from us;

 

   

consolidation or withdrawal of individual container lessees in the container shipping industry;

 

   

import/export tariffs and restrictions;

 

   

customs procedures, foreign exchange controls and other governmental regulations;

 

   

natural disasters that are severe enough to affect local and global economies;

 

   

political and economic factors; and

 

   

currency exchange rates.

All of these factors are inherently unpredictable and beyond our control. These factors will vary over time, often quickly and unpredictably, and any change in one or more of these factors may have a material adverse effect on our business and results of operations. Many of these factors also influence the decision by our customers to lease or buy containers. Should one or more of these factors influence our customers to buy a larger percentage of the containers they operate, our utilization rate would decrease, resulting in decreased revenue and increased storage and repositioning costs.

Our operating results have fluctuated significantly in the past and may fluctuate significantly in the future.

Our revenue comes primarily from the leasing of containers owned by us, management fees earned on containers owned by container investors and gain on sale of container portfolios to container investors. Historically, our annual and quarterly total revenues, net income and cash flows have fluctuated significantly as a result of fluctuations in our gain on sale of container portfolios. Selling containers to container investors has very little associated incremental expense, which means that our quarterly results may fluctuate significantly depending upon the amount of gain on sale of container portfolios, if any, we realize in a quarter.

Due to seasonal increased demand for containers in the several months leading up to the holiday season in the United States and Europe and higher demand for purchasing containers by container investors toward the end of the calendar year, a higher proportion of our container sales to investors has typically occurred in the second half of each calendar year. Although by comparison our container rental revenue and management fee revenue have historically fluctuated much less than our gain on sale of container portfolios, container rental revenue and management revenue may also fluctuate significantly in future periods based upon the level of demand by container shipping lines for leased containers, our ability to maintain a high utilization rate of containers in our total fleet, changes in per diem rates for leases and fluctuations in operating expenses.

 

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A large part of our revenue comes from gain on sale of container portfolios and our container sale activities in the future may result in lower gains or losses on sales of containers.

Our revenue from gain on sale of container portfolios depends on our ability to make a profit on containers that we purchase and then resell to container investors. We typically enter into firm purchase orders for containers before we begin finding lessees for the containers, and the time necessary to lease these containers may be much longer than we anticipate. The price that a container investor is willing to pay for a portfolio of containers depends on a number of factors, including the historical and future expected cash flows from the portfolio to the container investor, the credit ratings of the lessees, the mix of short-term and long-term leases, the number of TEUs in the portfolio, the timing of the sale and alternative investment opportunities available to the container investor. If any of these factors changes unexpectedly during the period between the date of our purchase order to the date a container investor purchases the container from us, we may recognize a lower gain on sale of the containers to investors, sell them to container investors at a loss or retain them as part of our owned fleet.

The capital markets are currently experiencing a high level of volatility and liquidity has become constrained across the debt and equity markets. Most of the container investor programs into which we sell container portfolios employ a certain amount of debt in order to increase investor equity returns. The uncertainty on future demand for containers from container shipping lines, the potential of lower than expected performance of existing investments in container funds and the reduced availability of credit for future investment programs, increases the potential that the Company may not be able to sell container portfolios in the future. In such case, our revenue, net income and cash flow will be adversely affected.

Per diem rates for our leased containers may decrease, which would have a negative effect on our business and results of operations.

Per diem rates for our leased containers depend on a large number of factors, including the following:

 

   

the type and length of the lease;

 

   

embedded residual assumptions;

 

   

the type and age of the container;

 

   

the number of new containers available for lease by our competitors;

 

   

the location of the container being leased; and

 

   

the price of new containers.

Because steel is the major component used in the construction of new containers, the price of new containers and per diem rates on new containers are highly correlated with the price of raw steel. In the late 1990s, new container prices and per diem rates declined because of, among other factors, a drop in worldwide steel prices and a shift in container manufacturing from Taiwan and Korea to areas in mainland China with lower labor costs. From 2003 to 2004, and again in the second half of 2006, container prices and leasing rates increased partially due to an increase in worldwide steel prices. Similarly, container prices during the first nine months of 2008 rose from their 2007 levels partially due to higher commodity prices. There has been a decrease in steel prices since the beginning of September 2008 and it is believed there has been reduced demand for newly manufactured containers by our customers and competitors. The potential of new container prices to decrease in the future has increased, however, we cannot predict if the decline in steel prices and lower demand for containers will result in a decline in container prices. If newly manufactured container prices decline, we may need to lease the containers at low return rates or at a loss.

Per diem rates may be negatively impacted by the entrance of new leasing companies, overproduction of new containers by manufacturers and over-buying of containers by container shipping lines and leasing competitors. For example, during 2001 and again in 2005, overproduction of new containers, coupled with a build-up of container inventories in Asia by leasing companies and container shipping lines, led to decreasing per

 

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diem rates and utilization rates. In 2007, competitive pressures also reduced per diem rates. In the event that the container shipping industry were to be characterized by overcapacity in the future, or if available supply of containers were to increase significantly as a result of, among other factors, new companies entering the business of leasing and selling containers, both utilization and per diem rates may decrease, adversely affecting our revenue and operating results.

A reduction in the willingness of container investors to have us manage their containers could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

A significant percentage of our revenue is attributable to management fees earned on services related to the leasing of containers owned by container investors. This revenue has very low direct operating costs associated with it. Accordingly, fluctuations in our management fee revenue in any period will have a significant impact on our profitability in that period. If we fail to meet performance requirements contained in our management agreements, container investors may seek to terminate these agreements. As of December 31, 2008, the Company was not meeting certain performance requirements contained under some of the management agreements with container investors. If one or more container investors terminated their management agreements, our management revenue would be adversely affected and our ability to sell container portfolios to investors could be severely impaired. However, no container investor has notified the Company of its decision to terminate its management agreement and management does not expect any container investor to terminate its agreement. Moreover, our ability to continue to attract new management contracts depends upon a number of factors, including our ability to lease containers on attractive lease terms and to efficiently manage the repositioning and disposition of containers. In the event container investors perceive another container leasing company as better able to provide them with a stable and attractive rate of return, existing contracts may not be renewed, and we may lose management contract opportunities in the future, which could affect our business, results of operations and financial condition.

Gains and losses associated with the disposition of used equipment may fluctuate and adversely affect our results of operations.

We regularly sell used, older containers upon lease expiration. The residual values of these containers therefore affect our profitability. The volatility of the residual values of such containers may be significant. These values depend upon, among other factors, raw steel prices, applicable maintenance standards, refurbishment needs, comparable new container costs, used container availability, used container demand, inflation rates, market conditions, materials and labor costs and equipment obsolescence. Most of these factors are outside of our control.

Containers are typically sold if it is in the best interest of the owner to do so after taking into consideration earnings prospects, book value, remaining useful life, repair condition, suitability for leasing or other uses and the prevailing local sales price for containers. Gains or losses on the disposition of used container equipment and the sales fees earned on the disposition of managed containers will also fluctuate and may be significant if we sell large quantities of used containers.

The U.S. and foreign economies have entered a period of economic recession, which increases the potential of increased future inventories of used equipment by leasing companies and shipping lines in depots. Such an increase in inventory of idle equipment increases the potential of reducing the prices attained for disposition of used containers. As a result, the Company may need to dispose of equipment at a loss or not be able to sell equipment, which would increase our storage and repositioning expenses.

We may incur significant costs to reposition containers.

When lessees return containers to locations where supply exceeds demand, we routinely reposition containers to higher demand areas. Repositioning expenses vary depending on geographic location, distance, freight rates and other factors, and may not be fully covered by drop-off charges collected from the last lessee of the containers or pick-up charges paid by the new lessee. We seek to limit the number of containers that can be returned and impose surcharges on containers returned to areas where demand for such containers is not expected

 

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to be strong. However, market conditions may not enable us to continue such practices. In addition, we may not accurately anticipate which port locations will be characterized by high or low demand in the future, and our current contracts will not protect us from repositioning costs if ports that we expect to be high-demand ports turn out to be low-demand ports at the time leases expire.

The U.S. and foreign economies have entered a period of economic recession, which increases the potential of increased future inventories of container equipment by leasing companies and shipping lines in depots. Such an increase in inventory of idle equipment increases the likelihood that the Company will need to incur higher repositioning costs in the future to locations believed to be higher demand areas.

Lessee defaults may adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition by decreasing revenue and increasing storage, repositioning, collection and recovery expenses.

Our containers are leased to numerous container lessees. Lessees are required to pay rent and indemnify us for damage to or loss of containers. Lessees may default in paying rent and performing other obligations under their leases. A delay or diminution in amounts received under the leases (including leases on our managed containers), or a default in the performance of maintenance or other lessee obligations under the leases could adversely affect our business, results of operations and financial condition and our ability to make payments on our debt.

Our cash flows from containers, principally container rental revenue, management fee revenue, gain on sale of container portfolios, gain on disposition of used equipment and commissions earned on the sale of containers on behalf of container investors, are affected significantly by the ability to collect payments under leases and the ability to replace cash flows from terminating leases by re-leasing or selling containers on favorable terms. All of these factors are subject to external economic conditions and the performance by lessees and service providers that are not within our control.

When lessees default, we may fail to recover all of our containers and the containers we do recover may be returned to locations where we will not be able to quickly re-lease or sell them on commercially acceptable terms. We may have to reposition these containers to other places where we can re-lease or sell them, which could be expensive depending on the locations and distances involved. Following repositioning, we may need to repair the containers and pay container depots for storage until the containers are re-leased. For our owned containers these costs will directly reduce our income before taxes and for our managed containers, lessee defaults will increase operating expenses, and thus reduce our management fee revenue. We have seen an increase in the number of smaller regional shipping lines defaulting on their lease agreements since the second quarter of 2008. The Company is recovering equipment and incurring expenses for its account and for the account of container investors related to these customer defaults. We maintain insurance to reimburse the Company and container investors for such customer defaults. The insurance agreement is subject to a $250,000 deductible amount per occurence and has significant exclusions and, therefore, may not be sufficient to prevent us from suffering material losses. Additionally, the increase in claims made by the Company under the insurance agreement may result in such insurance not being available to us in the future on commercially reasonable terms, or at all.

Our level of indebtedness reduces our financial flexibility and could impede our ability to operate.

We intend to borrow additional amounts under our senior secured credit facility and other debt facilities to purchase containers and make acquisitions and other investments. We expect that we will maintain a significant amount of indebtedness on an ongoing basis. All of our borrowings under our senior secured credit facility are due and payable on September 25, 2012 and there is no assurance that we will be able to refinance our outstanding indebtedness, or if refinancing is available, that it can be obtained on terms that we can afford. The capital markets are currently experiencing a high degree of volatility. To the extent that volatility in the capital markets continues, the Company’s access to capital may become limited and its borrowing costs may materially increase.

 

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Our senior secured credit facility requires us to pay a variable rate of interest, which will increase or decrease based on variations in certain financial indexes, and fluctuations in interest rates can significantly decrease our profits. We do not have any material amounts of hedge or similar contracts that would protect us against changes in interest rates.

The amount of our indebtedness could have important consequences for you, including the following:

 

   

requiring us to dedicate a substantial portion of our cash flow from operations to make payments on our debt, thereby reducing funds available for operations, future business opportunities and other purposes;

 

   

limiting our flexibility in planning for, or reacting to, changes in our business and the industry in which we operate;

 

   

making it more difficult for us to satisfy our debt obligations, and any failure to comply with such obligations, including financial and other restrictive covenants, could result in an event of default under the agreements governing such indebtedness, which could lead to, among other things, an acceleration of our indebtedness or foreclosure on the assets securing our indebtedness, which could have a material adverse effect on our business or financial condition;

 

   

limiting our ability to borrow additional funds, or to sell assets to raise funds, if needed, for working capital, capital expenditures, acquisitions or other purposes; and

 

   

increasing our vulnerability to general adverse economic and industry conditions, including changes in interest rates.

Our long-term debt and capital lease obligations were $230.8 million as of December 31, 2008. We may not generate sufficient cash flow from operations to service and repay our debt and related obligations and have sufficient funds left over to achieve or sustain profitability in our operations, meet our working capital and capital expenditure needs or compete successfully in our industry.

We may incur future asset impairment charges.

An asset impairment charge may result from the occurrence of unexpected adverse events or management decisions that impact our estimates of expected cash flows generated from our long-lived assets. We regularly review our long-lived assets for impairment, including when events or changes in circumstances indicate the carrying value of an asset may not be recoverable. We may be required to recognize asset impairment charges in the future as a result of reductions in demand for specific container types, a weak economic environment, challenging market conditions, events related to particular customers or asset type, or as a result of asset or portfolio sale decisions by management.

The container investors that purchase containers from us are located in four countries and a change in the conditions and laws in any of these countries could significantly reduce demand by container investors to purchase containers.

The container investors that have historically purchased containers from us are located in Germany, Switzerland, Austria and Japan. The willingness of these investors to continue to purchase containers from us will depend upon a number of factors outside of our control, including the laws in the countries in which they are domiciled, the tax treatment of an investment and restrictions on foreign investments. If a change in tax laws or other conditions makes investments in containers less attractive, we will need to identify new container investors. The process of identifying new container investors and selling containers to them could be lengthy and we may not be able to find new container investors in these circumstances, which would result in a substantial reduction in the amount of gain on sale of container portfolios and cash flow.

 

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We derive a substantial portion of our revenue for each of our container management and container leasing segments from a limited number of container investors and container lessees, respectively. The loss of, or reduction in business by, any of these container investors or container lessees could result in a significant loss of revenue and cash flow.

We have derived, and believe that we will continue to derive, a significant portion of our revenue and cash flow from a limited number of container investors and container lessees. Our business comprises two reportable segments for financial statement reporting purposes: container management and container leasing. Revenue for our container management segment comes primarily from container investors that purchase portfolios of containers and then pay us to manage the containers for them. Revenue for our container leasing segment comes primarily from container lessees that lease containers from our owned fleet.

Revenue from our ten largest container lessees represented 46.4% of the revenue from our container leasing segment for the year ended December 31, 2008, with revenue from our single largest container lessee accounting for 12.0%, or $7.0 million, of revenue from our container leasing segment during such period. This $7.0 million of revenue represented 8.5% of our total revenue for this period. We do not distinguish between our owned fleet and our managed fleet when we enter into leases with container shipping lines. Accordingly, the largest lessees of our owned fleet are typically among the largest lessees of our managed fleet, and our management fee revenue is based in part on the number of managed containers on lease to container lessees. As a result, the loss of, or default by, any of our largest container lessees could have a material adverse effect on the revenue for both our container management segment and our container leasing segment. In addition, many of the management agreements with our container investors contain performance criteria, such as minimum per diem net income per container or minimum utilization rates for the pool of containers owned by the container investors. In the event we fail to meet one or more of these criteria in a management agreement, the independent investment arrangers who typically act on behalf of container investors may have the right to terminate the management agreement. In the year ended December 31, 2008, container investors associated with five independent investment arrangers represented 90.4% of our container management revenue. If we were to not perform our obligations as a container manager under the management agreements controlled by an independent investment arranger, the independent investment manager could decide to terminate all of the management agreements under which we have not performed our obligations. Managed containers associated with our single largest container investor accounted for 44.2%, or $10.8 million, of revenue from our container management segment during the year ended December 31, 2008. This $10.8 million of revenue represented 13.0% of our total revenue for this period. The termination of the management agreements under the control of a single investment arranger or the loss of our largest container investor as a management services customer could have a material adverse effect on the revenue for our container management segment.

Consolidation and concentration in the container shipping industry could decrease the demand for leased containers.

We primarily lease containers to container shipping lines. We believe container shipping lines require two TEUs of available containers for every TEU of capacity on their container ships. The container shipping lines have historically relied on a large number of leased containers to satisfy their needs. Consolidation of major container shipping lines could create efficiencies and decrease the demand that container shipping lines have for leased containers because they may be able to fulfill a larger portion of their needs through their owned container fleets. It could also create concentration of credit risk if the number of our container lessees decreases due to consolidation. Additionally, large container shipping lines with significant resources could choose to manufacture their own containers, which would decrease their demand for leased containers and could have an adverse impact on our business.

 

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As we increase the number of containers in our owned fleet, we will be subject to significantly greater ownership risks.

The number of containers in our owned fleet fluctuates over time as we purchase new containers and sell containers to container investors or into the secondary resale market. As part of our strategy, we plan to increase both the number of owned containers as well as the number of managed containers in our fleet. We believe we will be able to find container investors to purchase the desired portion of the new containers that we purchase and lease. If we are unable to locate container investors to purchase these containers, we will operate the containers as part of our owned fleet. Ownership of containers entails greater risk than management of containers for container investors, meaning that as we increase the number of containers in our owned fleet, we are subject to an increased level of risk from loss or damage to equipment, financing costs, changes in per diem rates, re-leasing risk, changes in utilization rates, lessee defaults, repositioning costs, storage expenses, impairment charges and changes in sales price upon disposition of containers.

As we increase the number of containers in our owned fleet we will have significantly more capital at risk and may not be able to satisfy the future capital requirements of our container management business.

As we increase the number of containers in our owned fleet, either as a result of planned growth in our owned fleet or as a result of our inability to sell containers to container investors, we may need to maintain higher debt balances which may adversely affect our return on equity and reduce our capital resources, including our ability to borrow money to continue expanding our managed fleet. Future borrowings may not be available under our senior secured credit facility or we may not be able to refinance the facility, if necessary, on commercially reasonable terms or at all. We may need to raise additional debt or equity capital in order to fund our business, expand our sales activities and/or respond to competitive pressures. We may not have access to the capital resources we desire or need to fund our business. These effects, among others, may reduce our profitability and adversely affect our plans to continue the expansion of the container management portion of our business.

Our container lessees prefer newer containers, so to stay competitive we must continually add new containers to our fleet. If we are unable to make necessary capital expenditures, our fleet of containers may be less desirable to our container lessees and our profitability could suffer.

Changes in market price, availability or transportation costs of containers could adversely affect our ability to maintain our supply of containers.

We currently purchase almost all of our containers from manufacturers based in China. If it were to become more expensive for us to procure containers in China or to transport these containers at a low cost from China to the locations where they are needed by our container lessees because of changes in exchange rates between the U.S. Dollar and Chinese Yuan, further consolidation among container suppliers, increased tariffs imposed by the United States or other governments or for any other reason, we may have to seek alternative sources of supply. While we are not currently dependent on any single current manufacturer of our containers, we may not be able to make alternative arrangements quickly enough to meet our container needs, and the alternative arrangements may increase our costs. The availability of containers depends significantly on the availability and cost of steel in China. If a shortage of steel develops either in China or worldwide, container manufacturers may not be able to meet our demand for new containers which would limit our ability to add new containers to our fleet.

Terrorist attacks, the threat of such attacks or the outbreak of war and hostilities could negatively impact our operations and profitability and may expose us to liability.

Terrorist attacks and the threat of such attacks have contributed to economic instability in the United States and elsewhere, and further acts or threats of terrorism, violence, war or hostilities could similarly affect world trade and the industries in which we and our container lessees operate. For example, worldwide containerized trade dramatically decreased in the immediate aftermath of the September 11, 2001 terrorist attacks in the United States, which affected demand for leased containers. In addition, terrorist attacks, threats of terrorism, violence,

 

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war or hostilities may directly impact ports, depots, our facilities or those of our suppliers or container lessees and could impact our sales and our supply chain. A severe disruption to the worldwide ports system and flow of goods could result in a reduction in the level of international trade and lower demand for our containers.

We maintain liability insurance that we believe would apply to claims arising from a terrorist attack, and our lease agreements require our lessees to indemnify us for all costs, liabilities and expenses arising out of the use of our containers, including property damage to the containers, damage to third-party property and personal injury. However, our lessees may not have adequate resources to honor their indemnity obligations and our insurance coverage is subject to large deductibles, a $15.0 million limit on coverage and significant exclusions. Accordingly, we may not be protected from liability (and expenses in defending against claims of liability) arising from a terrorist attack.

Our senior executives are critical to the success of our business and our inability to retain them or recruit new personnel could adversely affect our business.

Most of our senior executives and other management-level employees have over ten years of industry experience. We rely on this knowledge and experience in our strategic planning and in our day-to-day business operations. Our success depends in large part upon our ability to retain our senior management, the loss of one or more of whom could have a material adverse effect on our business. Our success also depends on our ability to retain our experienced sales force and technical personnel as well as recruiting new skilled sales, marketing and technical personnel. Competition for these individuals in our industry is intense and we may not be able to successfully recruit, train or retain qualified personnel. If we fail to retain and recruit the necessary personnel, our business and our ability to obtain new container lessees and provide acceptable levels of customer service could suffer.

We rely on our proprietary information technology system to conduct our business. If this system fails to adequately perform its functions, or if we experience an interruption in its operation, our business, results of operations and financial prospects could be adversely affected.

The efficient operation of our business is highly dependent on our proprietary information technology system. We rely on our system to track transactions, such as repair and depot charges and changes to book value, and movements associated with each of our owned or managed containers. We use the information provided by this system in our day-to-day business decisions in order to effectively manage our lease portfolio and improve customer service. We also rely on it for the accurate tracking of the performance of our managed fleet for each container investor. The failure of our system to perform as we expect could disrupt our business, adversely affect our results of operations and cause our relationships with lessees and container investors to suffer. In addition, our information technology system is vulnerable to damage or interruption from circumstances beyond our control, including fire, natural disasters, power loss and computer systems failures and viruses. Any such interruption could have a material adverse effect on our business, results of operations and financial prospects.

We will require a significant amount of cash to service and repay our outstanding indebtedness and our ability to generate cash depends on many factors beyond our control.

Our ability to make payments on and repay our indebtedness and to fund planned capital expenditures will depend on our ability to generate cash in the future. Based on the balance of our long-term indebtedness as of December 31, 2009, we will require approximately $12.0 million to service our current indebtedness in the year ending December 31, 2009. It is possible that:

 

   

our business will not generate sufficient cash flow from operations to service and repay our debt and to fund working capital requirements and planned capital expenditures;

 

   

future borrowings will not be available under our current or future credit facilities in an amount sufficient to enable us to refinance our debt; or

 

   

we will not be able to refinance any of our debt on commercially reasonable terms or at all.

 

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Our senior secured credit facility imposes, and the terms of any future indebtedness may impose, significant operating, financial and other restrictions on us and our subsidiaries.

Restrictions imposed by our senior secured credit facility will limit or prohibit, among other things, our ability to:

 

   

incur additional indebtedness;

 

   

pay dividends on or redeem or repurchase our stock;

 

   

enter into new lines of business;

 

   

issue capital stock of our subsidiaries;

 

   

make loans and certain types of investments;

 

   

create liens;

 

   

sell certain assets or merge with or into other companies;

 

   

enter into certain transactions with stockholders and affiliates; and

 

   

restrict dividends, distributions or other payments from our subsidiaries.

These restrictions could adversely affect our ability to finance our future operations or capital needs and pursue available business opportunities. A breach of any of these restrictions, including breach of financial covenants, could result in a default in respect of the related indebtedness. If a default occurs, the relevant lenders could elect to declare the indebtedness, together with accrued interest and fees, to be immediately due and payable and proceed against any collateral securing that indebtedness, which will constitute substantially all of our container assets.

We face extensive competition in the container leasing industry.

We may be unable to compete favorably in the highly competitive container leasing and container management businesses. We compete with a number of major leasing companies, many smaller lessors, manufacturers of container equipment, companies and financial institutions offering finance leases, promoters of container ownership and leasing as a tax-efficient investment, container shipping lines, which sometimes lease their excess container stocks, and suppliers of alternative types of containers for freight transport. Some of these competitors have greater financial resources and access to capital than we do. Additionally, some of these competitors may have large, underutilized inventories of containers, which could lead to significant downward pressure on per diem rates, margins and prices of containers.

Competition among container leasing companies depends upon many factors, including, among others, per diem rates; lease terms, including lease duration, drop-off restrictions and repair provisions; customer service; and the location, availability, quality and individual characteristics of containers. New entrants into the leasing business have been attracted by the high rate of containerized trade growth in recent years. New entrants may be willing to offer pricing or other terms that we are unwilling or unable to match. As a result, we may not be able to maintain a high utilization rate or achieve our growth plans.

The international nature of our business exposes us to numerous risks.

Our ability to enforce lessees’ obligations will be subject to applicable law in the jurisdiction in which enforcement is sought. As containers are predominantly located on international waterways, it is not possible to predict, with any degree of certainty, the jurisdictions in which enforcement proceedings may be commenced. For example, repossession from defaulting lessees may be difficult and more expensive in jurisdictions in which laws do not confer the same security interests and rights to creditors and lessors as those in the United States and in jurisdictions where recovery of containers from defaulting lessees is more cumbersome. As a result, the relative success and expedience of enforcement proceedings with respect to containers in various jurisdictions cannot be predicted.

 

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We are also subject to risks inherent in conducting business across national boundaries, any one of which could adversely impact our business. These risks include:

 

   

regional or local economic downturns;

 

   

changes in governmental policy or regulation;

 

   

restrictions on the transfer of funds into or out of the country;

 

   

import and export duties and quotas;

 

   

domestic and foreign customs and tariffs;

 

   

international incidents;

 

   

war, hostilities and terrorist attacks, or the threat of any of these events;

 

   

government instability;

 

   

nationalization of foreign assets;

 

   

government protectionism;

 

   

compliance with export controls, including those of the U.S. Department of Commerce;

 

   

compliance with import procedures and controls, including those of the U.S. Department of Homeland Security;

 

   

consequences from changes in tax laws, including tax laws pertaining to the container investors;

 

   

potential liabilities relating to foreign withholding taxes;

 

   

labor or other disruptions at key ports;

 

   

difficulty in staffing and managing widespread operations; and

 

   

restrictions on our ability to own or operate subsidiaries, make investments or acquire new businesses in these jurisdictions.

One or more of these factors could impair our current or future international operations and, as a result, harm our overall business.

We may incur costs associated with new security regulations, which may adversely affect our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We may be subject to regulations promulgated in various countries, including the United States, seeking to protect the integrity of international commerce and prevent the use of containers for international terrorism or other illicit activities. For example, the Container Security Initiative, the Customs-Trade Partnership Against Terrorism and Operation Safe Commerce are among the programs administered by the U.S. Department of Homeland Security that are designed to enhance security for cargo moving throughout the international transportation system by identifying existing vulnerabilities in the supply chain and developing improved methods for ensuring the security of containerized cargo entering and leaving the United States. Moreover, the International Convention for Safe Containers, 1972 (CSC), as amended, adopted by the International Maritime Organization, applies to new and existing containers and seeks to maintain a high level of safety of human life in the transport and handling of containers by providing uniform international safety regulations. As these regulations develop and change, we may incur compliance costs due to the acquisition of new, compliant containers and/or the adaptation of existing containers to meet new requirements imposed by such regulations. Additionally, certain companies are currently developing or may in the future develop products designed to enhance the security of containers transported in international commerce. Regardless of the existence of current or future government regulations mandating the safety standards of intermodal shipping containers, our

 

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competitors may adopt such products or our container lessees may require that we adopt such products. In responding to such market pressures, we may incur increased costs, which could have a material adverse effect on our business, financial condition and results of operations.

We operate in numerous tax jurisdictions. A taxing authority within any of these jurisdictions may challenge our operating structure which could result in additional taxes, interest and penalties that could materially impact our future financial results.

We have implemented a number of structural changes with respect to our international subsidiaries in an effort to reduce our income tax obligations in countries in which we operate. There can be no assurance that our tax structure and the amount of taxes we pay in any of these countries will not be challenged by the taxing authorities in these countries. If the tax authorities challenge our tax structure or the amount of taxes paid, we could incur substantial expenses associated with defending our tax position as well as expenses associated with the payment of any additional taxes, penalties and interest that may be imposed on us. The payment of these amounts could have an adverse material effect on our business and results of operations.

Environmental liability may adversely affect our business and financial condition.

We are subject to federal, state, local and foreign laws and regulations relating to the protection of the environment, including those governing the discharge of pollutants to air, ground and water, the management and disposal of hazardous substances and wastes and the cleanup of contaminated sites. We could incur substantial costs, including cleanup costs, fines and costs arising out of third-party claims for property or natural resource damage and personal injury, as a result of violations of or liabilities under environmental laws and regulations in connection with our or our lessees’ current or historical operations. Under some environmental laws in the United States and certain other countries, the owner or operator of a container may be liable for environmental damage, cleanup or other costs in the event of a spill or discharge of material from the container without regard to the fault of the owner or operator. While we typically maintain liability insurance and typically require lessees to provide us with indemnity against certain losses, the insurance coverage may not be sufficient, or available, to protect against any or all liabilities and such indemnities may not be sufficient to protect us against losses arising from environmental damage. Moreover, our lessees may not have adequate resources, or may refuse to honor their indemnity obligations and our insurance coverage is subject to large deductibles, coverage limits and significant exclusions.

We may face litigation involving our management of containers for container investors.

We manage containers for container investors under management agreements that are negotiated with each container investor. We make no assurances to container investors that they will make any amount of profit on their investment or that our management activities will result in any particular level of income or return of their initial capital. We believe that as the number of containers that we manage for container investors increases, there is a possibility that we may be drawn into litigation relating to the investments. Although our management agreements contain contractual protections and indemnities that are designed to limit our exposure to such litigation, such provisions may not be effective and we may be subject to a significant loss in a successful litigation by a container investor.

Our 80 percent ownership in CAIJ Ltd, a container investment arranger and advisor focused on arranging container investments with Japanese investors, may subject us to material litigation risks and damage to our professional reputation as a result of litigation allegations and negative publicity.

CAIJ Ltd (CAIJ) was formed and began operation in 2007 for the purpose of arranging investments in our containers with Japanese investors. CAIJ arranged $14.6 million of investments during 2008 and we expect that CAIJ will arrange more container investments in the future. Because we are the seller and manager of the containers that will be sold to investors on whose behalf CAIJ acts as an arranger and advisor, there is an inherent conflict of interest between us and CAIJ. We disclose this inherent conflict of interest to container investors prior

 

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to any sale to them, but we do not provide them with any assurances that they will realize a specific or any investment return on the containers purchased from, and managed by, us. In the event that these container investors realize losses on their investments or believe that the returns on their investments are lower than expected, they may make claims, including bringing lawsuits, against CAIJ or us for our alleged failure to act in their best interests. Any such claims could result in the payment of legal expenses and damages and also damage our reputation with container investors and potential container investors and materially and adversely affect our business, financial condition or results of operations.

Certain liens may arise on our containers.

Depot operators, repairmen and transporters may come into possession of our containers from time to time and have sums due to them from the lessees or sublessees of the containers. In the event of nonpayment of those charges by the lessees or sublessees, we may be delayed in, or entirely barred from, repossessing the containers, or be required to make payments or incur expenses to discharge liens on our containers.

We may pursue acquisitions or joint ventures in the future that could present unforeseen integration obstacles or costs.

We may pursue acquisitions and joint ventures in the future. Acquisitions involve a number of risks and present financial, managerial and operational challenges, including:

 

   

potential disruption of our ongoing business and distraction of management;

 

   

difficulty integrating personnel and financial and other systems;

 

   

hiring additional management and other critical personnel; and

 

   

increasing the scope, geographic diversity and complexity of our operations.

In addition, we may encounter unforeseen obstacles or costs in the integration of acquired businesses. Also, the presence of one or more material liabilities of an acquired company that are unknown to us at the time of acquisition may have a material adverse effect on our business. Acquisitions or joint ventures may not be successful, and we may not realize any anticipated benefits from acquisitions or joint ventures.

In the future, we may be required to pay personal holding company taxes, which would have an adverse effect on our cash flows, results of operations and financial condition.

The Internal Revenue Code requires any company that qualifies as a “personal holding company” to pay personal holding company taxes in addition to regular income taxes. A company qualifies as a personal holding company if (1) more than 50.0% of the value of the company’s stock is held by five or fewer individuals and (2) at least 60.0% of the company’s adjusted ordinary gross income constitutes personal holding company income, which, in our case, includes adjusted income from the lease of our containers. If we or any of our subsidiaries are a personal holding company, our undistributed personal holding company income, which is generally taxable income with certain adjustments, including a deduction for federal income taxes and dividends paid, will be taxed at a rate of 15.0%. Based upon our operating results, we were not classified as a personal holding company for the year ended December 31, 2008. Whether or not we or any of our subsidiaries are classified as personal holding companies in future years will depend upon the amount of our personal holding company income and the percentage of our outstanding common stock that will be beneficially owned by Hiromitsu Ogawa, who beneficially owned 41.2% of our common stock as of December 31, 2008. At some point in the future we could become liable for personal holding company taxes. The payment of personal holding company taxes in the future would have an adverse effect on our cash flows, results of operations and financial condition.

 

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Risks Related to Our Stock

Our stock price has been volatile and may remain volatile.

The trading price of our common stock may be subject to wide fluctuations in response to quarter-to-quarter variations in operating results, new services by us or our competitors, general conditions in the shipping industry and the intermodal container sales and leasing markets, changes in earnings estimates by analysts, or other events or factors. In addition, the public stock markets have experienced extreme price and trading volume volatility in recent months. The broad market fluctuations may adversely affect the market price of our common stock. Since the initial public offering of our stock at $15.00 per share on May 16, 2007, our stock price has fluctuated significantly. Factors affecting the trading price of our common stock may include:

 

   

variations in our financial results;

 

   

changes in financial estimates or investment recommendations by any securities analysts following our business;

 

   

the public’s response to our press releases, our other public announcements and our filings with the Securities and Exchange Commission;

 

   

changes in accounting standards, policies, guidance, interpretations or principles;

 

   

future sales of common stock by us or our directors, officers or significant stockholders or the perception such sales may occur;

 

   

our ability to achieve operating results consistent with securities analysts’ projections;

 

   

the operating and stock price performance of other companies that investors may deem comparable to us;

 

   

recruitment or departure of key personnel;

 

   

our ability to timely address changing container lessee preferences;

 

   

container market and industry factors;

 

   

general stock market conditions; and

 

   

other events or factors, including those resulting from war, incidents of terrorism or responses to such events.

In addition, if the market for companies deemed similar to us or the stock market in general experiences loss of investor confidence, the trading price of our common stock could decline for reasons unrelated to our business or financial results. The trading price of our common stock might also decline in reaction to events that affect other companies in our industry even if these events do not directly affect us.

Future sales of our common stock, or the perception that such future sales may occur, may cause our stock price to decline and impair our ability to obtain capital through future stock offerings.

A substantial number of shares of our common stock held by our current stockholders could be sold into the public market at anytime. The occurrence of such sales, or the perception that such sales could occur, could materially and adversely affect our stock price and could impair our ability to obtain capital through an offering of equity securities.

We do not expect to pay any dividends in the foreseeable future.

We do not anticipate paying any cash dividends to holders of our common stock in the foreseeable future. In addition, our senior secured credit facility includes restrictions on our ability to pay cash dividends. Agreements governing future indebtedness will likely contain similar restrictions on our ability to pay cash dividends. Consequently, investors must rely on sales of their common stock as the only way to realize any future gains on their investment. Investors seeking cash dividends should not purchase our common stock.

 

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If securities analysts do not publish research or reports about our business or if they change their financial estimates or investment recommendation, the price of our stock could decline.

The trading market for our common shares will rely in part on the research and reports that industry or financial analysts publish about us or our business. We do not control or influence the decisions or opinions of these analysts and analysts may not cover us.

If any analyst who covers us changes his or her financial estimates or investment recommendation, the price of our stock could decline. If any analyst ceases coverage of our company, we could lose visibility in the market, which in turn could cause our stock price to decline.

Our founder, Hiromitsu Ogawa, will continue to have substantial control over us and could act in a manner with which other stockholders may disagree or that is not necessarily in the interests of other stockholders.

Based upon beneficial ownership as of February 28, 2009, Mr. Ogawa beneficially owns approximately 41.2 % of our outstanding common stock. As a result, he may have the ability to determine the outcome of matters submitted to our stockholders for approval, including the election of directors and any merger, consolidation or sale of all or substantially all of our assets. In addition, he may have the ability to control the management and affairs of our company. Mr. Ogawa may have interests that are different from yours. For example, he may support proposals and actions with which you may disagree or which are not in your interests. The concentration of ownership could delay or prevent a change in control of us or otherwise discourage a potential acquirer from attempting to obtain control of us, which in turn could reduce the price of our common stock. In addition, as our Executive Chairman, Mr. Ogawa will influence decisions to maintain our existing management and directors in office, delay or prevent changes of control of our company, or support or reject other management and board proposals that are subject to stockholder approval, such as amendments to our employee stock plans and approvals of significant financing transactions.

Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws and Delaware law contain provisions that could discourage a third party from acquiring us and consequently decrease the market value of an investment in our common stock.

Our certificate of incorporation and bylaws and Delaware corporate law each contain provisions that could delay, defer or prevent a change in control of our company or changes in our management. Among other things, these provisions:

 

   

authorize us to issue preferred stock that can be created and issued by the board of directors without prior stockholder approval, with rights senior to those of our common stock;

 

   

permit removal of directors only for cause by the holders of a majority of the shares entitled to vote at the election of directors and allow only the directors to fill a vacancy on the board of directors;

 

   

prohibit stockholders from calling special meetings of stockholders;

 

   

prohibit stockholder action by written consent, thereby requiring all stockholder actions to be taken at a meeting of our stockholders;

 

   

allow the authorized number of directors to be changed only by resolution of the board of directors;

 

   

establish advance notice requirements for submitting nominations for election to the board of directors and for proposing matters that can be acted upon by stockholders at a meeting;

 

   

classify our board of directors into three classes so that only a portion of our directors are elected each year; and

 

   

allow our directors to amend our bylaws.

 

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These provisions could discourage proxy contests and make it more difficult for our stockholders to elect directors and take other corporate actions, which may prevent a change of control or changes in our management that a stockholder might consider favorable. In addition, Section 203 of the Delaware General Corporation Law may discourage, delay or prevent a change in control of us. Any delay or prevention of a change in control or change in management that stockholders might otherwise consider to be favorable could cause the market price of our common stock to decline.

Public-company corporate governance and financial reporting practices and policies will increase our costs, and we may be unable to provide the required financial information in a timely and reliable manner.

The Securities and Exchange Commission, as directed by Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act of 2002 (the “Sarbanes-Oxley Act”), requires annual management assessments of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting and a report by our independent auditors rendering an opinion on the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting. If we fail to maintain the adequacy and effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, we may not be able to conclude on an ongoing basis that we have effective internal control over financial reporting in accordance with Section 404 of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act and related regulations. Although our management has concluded that adequate internal control procedures are currently in place, no system of internal control can provide absolute assurance that the financial statements are accurate and free of errors. As a result, the risk exists that our internal control may not detect all errors or omissions in the financial statements.

As of December 31, 2008 and annually thereafter, our independent auditors must report on the effectiveness of such internal controls over financial reporting. Our management may not be able to effectively and timely maintain controls and procedures that adequately respond to the increased regulatory compliance and reporting requirements that will be applicable to us as a public company. If we are not able to implement the requirements of the Sarbanes-Oxley Act in a timely manner or with adequate compliance, our independent auditors may not be able to certify as to the effectiveness of our internal controls over financial reporting. This result may subject us to adverse regulatory consequences, and could lead to a negative reaction in the financial markets due to a loss of confidence in the reliability of our financial statements. We could also suffer a loss of confidence in the reliability of our financial statements if we disclose material weaknesses in our internal controls. In addition, if we fail to develop and maintain effective controls and procedures, we may be unable to provide the required financial information in a timely and reliable manner or otherwise comply with the standards applicable to us as a public company. Any failure by us to timely provide the required financial information could materially and adversely impact our financial condition and the market value of our stock.

 

ITEM 1B. UNRESOLVED STAFF COMMENTS

Not Applicable.

 

ITEM 2. PROPERTIES

Office Locations. As of December 31, 2008, our employees are located in 13 offices in 11 different countries including the United States. We have 3 offices in the U.S. including our headquarters in San Francisco, California. We have 10 offices outside the U.S. We lease all of our office space, except our office in New Jersey. In addition, we have agents all over the world.

 

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The following table summarizes the facilities we leased as of December 31, 2008:

Office Location—U.S. Properties

San Francisco, CA (Headquarters)

Charleston, SC

Office Location—International Properties

London, United Kingdom

St. Michael, Barbados

Antwerp, Belgium

Hong Kong

Singapore

Gothenburg, Sweden

Delmenhorst, Germany

Tokyo, Japan

Kuala Lumpur, Malaysia

Taipei, Taiwan

 

ITEM 3. LEGAL PROCEEDINGS

From time to time we may become a party to litigation matters arising in connection with the normal course of our business. While we cannot predict the outcome of these matters, in the opinion of our management, any liability arising from these matters will not have a material adverse effect on our business. Nevertheless, unexpected adverse future events, such as an unforeseen development in our existing proceedings, a significant increase in the number of new cases or changes in our current insurance arrangements could result in liabilities that have a material adverse impact on our business.

 

ITEM 4. SUBMISSION OF MATTERS TO A VOTE OF SECURITY HOLDERS

No matters were submitted to a vote of security holders of CAI International, Inc. during the fourth quarter of 2008.

 

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PART II

 

ITEM 5. MARKET FOR REGISTRANT’S COMMON EQUITY, RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS, AND ISSUER PURCHASES OF EQUITY SECURITIES

Our common stock has been traded on the New York Stock Exchange (NYSE) under the symbol “CAP” since May 16, 2007. Prior to that time, there was no public market for our common stock. Since the initial public offering of our stock at $15.00 per share on May 16, 2007 to February 28, 2009, our stock price has fluctuated between a high closing price of $19.64 on July 11, 2008 and a low closing price of $2.15 on January 23, 2009.

The following table reflects the range of high and low sales prices, as reported on the New York Stock Exchange, for our common stock in each quarter of the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007.

 

     High    Low

2008:

     

Fourth Quarter

   $ 9.74    $ 2.90

Third Quarter

   $ 19.64    $ 9.57

Second Quarter

   $ 17.67    $ 12.67

First Quarter

   $ 12.85    $ 8.18

2007:

     

Fourth Quarter

   $ 14.46    $ 10.52

Third Quarter

   $ 14.10    $ 12.08

Second Quarter (from IPO date on May 16, 2007)

   $ 15.05    $ 13.02

As of February 28, 2009, the closing price of the common stock was $ 2.77 as reported on the NYSE. On that date, there were approximately 29 registered holders of record of the common stock and approximately 948 beneficial holders, based on information obtained from the Company’s transfer agent.

Dividends

We have never declared or paid dividends on our capital stock nor intend to pay any dividends in the foreseeable future. We intend to retain future earnings to finance the operation and expansion of our business.

 

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PERFORMANCE GRAPH

The graph below compares cumulative shareholder returns for the Company as compared with the Russell 2000 Stock Index and the S&P Midcap 400 Stock Index for the period from May 16, 2007 (the date CAI International, Inc. common stock began trading at the NYSE) to December 31, 2008. The graph assumes an investment of $100 as of May 16, 2007.

LOGO

 

     Base Period
5/16/07
  INDEX RETURNS
Quarters Ending

Company/Index

    6/30/07   9/30/07   12/31/07   3/31/08   6/30/08   9/30/08   12/31/08

CAI INTERNATIONAL, INC.

  $ 100   $ 87.13   $ 94.00   $ 70.13   $ 85.67   $ 116.00   $ 73.73   $ 21.13

RUSSELL 2000 INDEX

    100     101.65     98.20     93.40     83.88     84.08     82.86     60.89

S&P MIDCAP 400 INDEX

    100     100.35     99.18     96.17     87.35     91.77     81.50     60.32

 

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ITEM 6. SELECTED FINANCIAL DATA

On October 1, 2006, we repurchased 10,584,000 shares, or 50.0% of our then-outstanding common stock held by Interpool. In connection with this transaction we applied pushdown accounting in accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) No. 54 and accounted for the purchase as a step acquisition in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standard (SFAS) No. 141, Business Combinations, issued by Financial Accounting Standards Board (FASB). Due to the application of pushdown accounting and step acquisition accounting in our financial statements, our financial condition and results of operations after September 30, 2006 are not comparable in some respects to our financial condition and results of operations reflected in our historical financial statements as of dates or for periods prior to October 1, 2006. The consolidated balance sheet and statement of operations data prior to October 1, 2006 as presented below, refer to the Predecessor company and this period is referred to as the Predecessor period which relates to the period prior to our repurchase of our common stock held by Interpool. The consolidated balance sheet and statement of operations data on and subsequent to October 1, 2006 refer to the Successor company and the period is referred to as the Successor period which relates to the period after we repurchased our common stock held by Interpool. A line has been drawn between the financial statements data to distinguish between the Predecessor and Sucessor periods.

The selected financial data presented below under the heading “Consolidated Statement of Operations Data” for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, three months ended December 31, 2006 and nine months ended September 30, 2006, and under the heading “Consolidated Balance Sheet Data” as of December 31, 2008 and 2007 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements included elsewhere in this 10-K filing. The selected financial data presented below under the heading “Statement of Operations Data” for the years ended December 31, 2005 and 2004 and under the heading “Consolidated Balance Sheet Data” as of December 31, 2006 and 2005 have been derived from our audited consolidated financial statements that were included in our Registration Statement on Form S-1 filed with the Securities and Exchange Commission on May 11, 2007. Our consolidated balance sheet data as of December 31, 2004 is unaudited. In the opinion of management, all unaudited selected financial data presented below under the heading “Balance Sheet Data” reflect all normal and recurring adjustments necessary to present fairly our results for and as of the periods presented.

Historical results are not necessarily indicative of the results of operations to be expected in future periods. You should read the selected consolidated financial data and operating data presented below in conjunction with “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” and with our consolidated financial statements and related notes included elsewhere in this 10-K filing. All common share and per share data have been adjusted to retroactively reflect the 420-to-1 stock split that occurred on April 23, 2007.

 

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Consolidated Statement of Operations Data

 

    Successor          Predecessor  
    Year Ended December 31,     Three Months
Ended
December 31,

2006
         Nine Months
Ended
September 30,

2006
    Year Ended December 31,  
        2008             2007                      2005             2004      
(Dollars in thousands, except per share
data)
                                        

Revenue:

               

Container rental revenue

  $ 56,436     $ 38,148     $ 9,383         $ 24,228     $ 39,614     $ 45,855  

Management fee revenue

    11,969       12,663       3,569           8,530       11,230       6,809  

Gain on sale of container portfolios

    12,443       12,855       5,392           8,365       9,913       13,420  

Finance lease income

    2,297       1,206       267           927       829       602  
                                                   

Total revenue

    83,145       64,872       18,611           42,050       61,586       66,686  
                                                   

Operating expenses:

               

Depreciation of container rental equipment

    15,824       8,805       2,360           9,653       14,764       15,545  

Amortization of intangible assets

    1,534       1,241       307           —         —         —    

Impairment of container rental equipment

    331       365       81           270       572       275  

Gain on disposition of used container equipment

    (4,155 )     (4,400 )     (747 )         (804 )     (1,166 )     (718 )

Gain on settlement of lease obligation

    —         (780 )     —             —         —         —    

Equipment rental expense

    20       961       395           1,187       6,875       10,636  

Storage, handling and other expenses

    4,854       3,077       779           2,411       3,853       6,164  

Marketing, general and administrative expenses

    20,215       15,772       3,367           9,014       12,578       11,674  

Impairment of goodwill

    50,247       —         —             —         —         —    

Loss (gain) on foreign exchange

    564       (104 )     22           (47 )     (27 )     109  
                                                   

Total operating expenses

    89,434       24,937       6,564           21,684       37,449       43,685  
                                                   

Operating income (loss)

    (6,289 )     39,935       12,047           20,366       24,137       23,001  
                                                   

Interest expense

    9,346       10,406       3,715           4,183       7,798       7,651  

Gain on extinguishment of debt

    —         (681 )     —             —         —      

Interest income

    (229 )     (126 )     (20 )         (37 )     (27 )     (28 )
                                                   

Net interest expense

    9,117       9,599       3,695           4,146       7,771       7,623  
                                                   

Income (loss) before income taxes

    (15,406 )     30,336       8,352           16,220       16,366       15,378  

Income tax expense

    11,547       11,102       3,119           5,856       6,377       6,149  
                                                   

Net income (loss)(1)

    (26,953 )     19,234       5,233           10,364       9,989       9,229  

(Accretion)/decretion of preferred stock

    —         (5,577 )     (6 )         1,464       (713 )     (641 )
                                                   

Net income (loss) available to common shareholders

  $ (26,953 )   $ 13,657     $ 5,227         $ 11,828     $ 9,276     $ 8,588  
                                                   

Net income (loss) per share:

               

Basic

  $ (1.55 )   $ 0.93     $ 0.49         $ 0.56     $ 0.44     $ 0.41  

Diluted

  $ (1.55 )   $ 0.85     $ 0.36         $ 0.48     $ 0.44     $ 0.41  

Weighted average shares outstanding :

               

Basic

    17,406       14,713       10,584           21,168       21,168       21,168  

Diluted

    17,406       16,682       16,270           21,735       21,168       21,168  

Other Financial Data:

               

Adjusted EBITDA (unaudited)(2)

    68,387       54,464       15,621           33,323       42,385       40,961  

Purchase of containers

    189,600       219,530       45,843           89,366       127,288       125,732  

Net proceeds from sale of container portfolios

    99,773       113,402       49,252           67,912       102,097       119,224  

 

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Consolidated Balance Sheet Data

 

     Successor           Predecessor  
     As of December 31,  
     2008     2007     2006           2005     2004  
                                   (Unaudited)  
(Dollars in thousands)                                     

Cash

   $ 28,535     $ 8,433     $ 20,359          $ 7,573     $ 5,532  

Container rental equipment, net

     310,397       242,606       161,353            134,563       141,127  

Net investment in direct finance leases

     20,111       10,966       6,577            7,269       3,750  

Total assets

     412,628       359,099       283,000            180,661       181,958  

Long-term debt

     230,784       147,631       153,806            81,711       98,650  

Total liabilities

     298,838       227,951       250,345            141,308       154,289  

Cumulative redeemable convertible preferred stock

     —         —         4,900            6,358       3,847  

Total stockholders’ equity

     113,790       131,148       27,755            32,995       23,822  
 

Selected Operating Data (unaudited):

               

Managed fleet in TEUs(3)

     534,553       500,433       483,333            456,076       416,254  

Owned fleet in TEUs(3)

     243,408       253,910       185,645            141,653       171,790  
                                             

Total

     777,961       754,343       668,978            597,729       588,044  
                                             

Percentage of on-lease fleet on long-term leases(4)

     72.9 %     70.9 %     65.3 %          64.7 %     57.7 %

Percentage of on-lease fleet on short-term leases(4)

     23.8 %     26.8 %     32.8 %          33.5 %     41.2 %

Percentage of on-lease fleet on finance leases

     3.3 %     2.3 %     1.9 %          1.8 %     1.1 %
                                             

Total

     100.0 %     100.0 %     100.0 %          100.0 %     100.0 %
                                             

Average Utilization rate(5)

     94.3 %     94.3 %     90.6 %          90.7 %     89.8 %

 

(1) During the quarter ended December 31, 2008, we recorded a goodwill impairment charge of $50.2 million. Our adjusted net income, which is net income plus the goodwill impairment charge, for the year ended December 31, 2008 was $23.3 million. Our management uses adjusted net income for measuring our performance against other quarterly periods in which we did not recognize a goodwill impairment charge. Because we have not recognized a goodwill impairment charge in any other period, we believe that adjusted net income allows investors to readily compare our performance across periods on a comparable basis.
(2) EBITDA is defined as net income before interest, income taxes, depreciation and amortization. Adjusted EBITDA is EBITDA plus principal payments from direct finance leases (DFL). We believe adjusted EBITDA is helpful in understanding our past financial performance as a supplement to net income and other performance measures calculated in conformity with accounting principles generally accepted in the United States (“GAAP”). Our management believes that adjusted EBITDA is useful to investors in evaluating our operating performance because it provides a measure of operating results unaffected by differences in capital structures, capital investment cycles and ages of related assets among otherwise comparable companies in our industry. Adjusted EBITDA has limitations as an analytical tool and you should not consider them in isolation or as substitutes for any measure reported under GAAP. Adjusted EBITDA’s usefulness as performance measures as compared to net income is limited by the fact that EBITDA excludes the impact of interest expense, depreciation and amortization expense and taxes, and additionally excludes principal payments from DFL in the case of adjusted EBITDA. We borrow money in order to finance our operations; therefore, interest expense is a necessary element of our costs and ability to generate revenue. Similarly, our use of capital assets makes depreciation and amortization expense a necessary element of our costs and ability to generate income. In addition, since we are subject to state and federal income taxes, any measure that excludes tax expense has material limitations. Moreover, adjusted EBITDA is not calculated identically by all companies; therefore our presentation of adjusted EBITDA may not be comparable to similarly titled measures of other companies. Due to these limitations, we use adjusted EBITDA as a measure of performance only in conjunction with GAAP measures of performance, such as net income. The following table provides a reconciliation of adjusted EBITDA to net income, the most comparable performance measure under GAAP (in thousands):

 

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    Successor        Predecessor
    Year Ended
December 31,
  Three Months
Ended
December 31,
       Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
  Year Ended
December 31,
    2008     2007   2006        2006   2005    2004
    (Unaudited)

Net income (loss)

  $ (26,953 )   $ 19,234   $ 5,233       $ 10,364   $ 9,989    $ 9,229

Add:

                

Net interest expense

    9,117       9,599     3,695         4,146     7,771      7,623

Depreciation

    16,001       8,932     2,392         9,728     14,859      15,643

Amortization of intangible assets and impairment of container rental equipment

    1,865       1,606     388         270     572      275

Impairment of goodwill

    50,247       —       —           —       —        —  

Income tax expense

    11,547       11,102     3,119         5,856     6,377      6,149

Principal payments from direct finance leases

    6,563       3,991     794         2,959     2,817      2,042
                                          

Adjusted EBITDA

  $ 68,387     $ 54,464   $ 15,621       $ 33,323   $ 42,385    $ 40,961
                                          

 

(3) Reflects the total number of TEUs in our managed or owned fleet, as applicable, as of the end of the period indicated, including units held for sale and units we have purchased but held at the manufacturer.
(4) Long-term leases comprise leases that had a contractual term in excess of twelve months at the time of inception of the leases, including leases that permit cancellation by the lessee within 12 months if penalties are paid. Short-term leases comprise leases that had a contractual term of 12 months or less at the time of inception of the leases.
(5) Reflects the average number of TEUs in our fleet on lease as a percentage of total TEUs available for lease. In calculating TEUs available for lease, we exclude units for sale and units held at the manufacturer that we have purchased. The utilization rate for a period is calculated by averaging the utilization rates at the end of each calendar month during the period. See “Management Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations” for a discussion of the calculation of our utilization rate.

 

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ITEM 7. MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

The following discussion and analysis of our financial condition and results of operations should be read in conjunction with our audited consolidated financial statements and related notes thereto. In addition to historical consolidated financial information, the following discussion contains forward-looking statements that reflect our plans, estimates and beliefs. Our actual results may differ materially from those contained in or implied by any forward-looking statements. See “Special Note Regarding Forward-Looking Statements.” Factors that could cause or contribute to these differences include those discussed below and elsewhere in this 10-K filing, particularly in “Risk Factors.”

Prior to October 1, 2006, we had two principal stockholders, each of whom beneficially owned 50.0% of our outstanding common stock. These stockholders were our Executive Chairman, Hiromitsu Ogawa, and Interpool. On October 1, 2006, we repurchased 10,584,000 shares, or 50.0% of our then-outstanding common stock held by Interpool. The repurchase resulted in an increase in the percentage of our outstanding common stock held by Mr. Ogawa from 50.0% to 100.0%. In connection with this transaction we have applied pushdown accounting in accordance with SAB No. 54 and accounted for the purchase as a step acquisition in accordance with SFAS No. 141. Due to the application of pushdown accounting and step acquisition accounting in our financial statements, our financial condition and results of operations after September 30, 2006 are not comparable in some respects to our financial condition and results of operations reflected in our historical financial statements as of dates or for periods prior to October 1, 2006. The consolidated balance sheet and statement of income data in this Form 10-K prior to October 1, 2006, refer to the Predecessor company and this period is referred to as the Predecessor period, while the consolidated balance sheet and statement of income data on and subsequent to October 1, 2006 refer to the Successor company and the period is referred to as the Successor period. A line has been drawn between the accompanying financial statements to distinguish between the Predecessor and Successor periods. In addition, for comparative and analytical purposes we have mathematically combined the results of the Successor company for the three months ended December 31, 2006 with the results of the Predecessor company for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 to come up with the results for the year ended December 31, 2006. The combined data are not in compliance with generally accepted accounting principles and is being presented for analytical purposes only.

The financial information included in this discussion and in our consolidated financial statements may not be indicative of our consolidated financial position, operating results, changes in equity and cash flows in the future, or what they would have been had our equity structure not changed during the periods presented.

Overview

We are one of the world’s leading container leasing and management companies. We purchase new containers, lease them to container shipping lines, freight forwarders and others and either retain them as part of our owned fleet or sell them to container investors for whom we then provide management services. In operating our fleet, we lease, re-lease and dispose of containers and contract for the repair, repositioning and storage of containers. As of December 31, 2008, our fleet comprised 778,000 TEUs, 68.7% of which represented our managed fleet and 31.3% of which represented our owned fleet.

We plan to increase both the number of owned containers as well as the number of managed containers in our fleet. During the year ended December 31, 2008, we paid $189.6 million to purchase new containers. We believe it is important to maintain a balance between the size of our owned fleet and our managed fleet to preserve our strength of having multiple sources of revenue.

Our business comprises two reportable segments for financial statement reporting purposes—container management and container leasing. Our container leasing segment revenue comprises container rental revenue and finance lease income from our owned fleet and our container management segment revenue comprises gain

 

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on sale of container portfolios and management fee revenue for managing containers for container investors. For the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, three months ended December 31, 2006, and nine months ended September 30, 2006, our container leasing segment generated income before income taxes of $10.5 million, $15.9 million, $1.9 million, and $5.8 million, respectively, and our container management segment generated a loss before income taxes of $26.1 million and income before income taxes of $14.3 million, $6.4 million, and $10.4 million, respectively. The loss incurred by our container management segment for the year ended December 31, 2008 is primarily attributable to the impairment of goodwill of $50.2 million, out of which $36.4 million had been allocated to the segment.

During the year ended December 31, 2008, we recognized a non-cash goodwill impairment charge of $50.2 million in accordance with the requirements of FASB Statement No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (SFAS 142). The goodwill was originally recorded in October 2006 as a result of the application of pushdown accounting and step acquisition accounting relating to our repurchase of our common stock previously held by Interpool as previously noted above. The recognition of goodwill impairment charge resulted in a net loss of $27.0 million. The charge has no impact on our liquidity and on our performance covenants in our debt agreements. Our goodwill impairment charge is discussed in more detail in the “Operating Expenses” section below and in Note 4 to our consolidated financial statements included in this 10-K filing.

Our revenue depends primarily upon a combination of: (1) the number of containers in our fleet; (2) the utilization level of containers in our fleet; and (3) the per diem rates charged under each container lease. These factors directly affect the amount of our container rental revenue and indirectly affect the amount of our management fee revenue. The number of TEUs in our fleet varies over time as we purchase new containers based on prevailing market conditions during the year, sell portfolios of containers to container investors and sell used containers to parties in the secondary resale market. The timing of our orders and the actual number of TEUs we order at any one time are based upon our expectations for the three to six months for demand for containers, new container prices, per diem rates, interest rates, container investor interest in purchasing leased containers and competitive conditions. The time between the date we take delivery of a container and the date we begin to recognize revenue from a container can vary substantially. If we take delivery of a container before we are able to lease it, our operating results could be adversely affected until the container is either leased or sold.

Our net income will fluctuate based, in part, upon changes in the proportion of our revenue from our container management segment and the proportion of our revenue from our container leasing segment. We incur significantly lower operating expenses in connection with the revenues from our container management segment as compared to the operating expenses associated with revenues from our container leasing segment. In particular, we recognize an insignificant amount of operating expense in connection with our gain on sale of container portfolios. As a result, a change in the amount of revenues from our container management segment typically will have a disproportionately larger impact on our net income than an equal change in the amount of revenue from our container leasing segment.

On October 1, 2006, we acquired Interpool’s 50.0% interest in our common stock for $77.5 million. We applied pushdown accounting in accordance with SAB No. 54 and accounted for the purchase as a step acquisition in accordance with SFAS No. 141. Due to the application of pushdown accounting and step acquisition accounting in our financial statements, our financial condition and results of operations after September 30, 2006 will not be comparable in some respects to our financial condition and results of operations reflected in our historical financial statements as of dates or for periods prior to October 1, 2006.

We completed an initial public offering (“IPO”) of our common stock at $15.00 per share on May 16, 2007, and listed our common stock on the New York Stock exchange under the symbol “CAP”. We sold 5.8 million shares of common stock and generated net proceeds of approximately $78.1 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and other offering expenses. We used part of the net proceeds from the IPO to pay the $37.5 million convertible subordinated note payable to Interpool and our $17.5 million term loan outstanding under our senior

 

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secured credit facility. We used the remaining $23.1 million to pay a portion of the amount outstanding under our revolving line of credit included in our senior secured credit facility with a consortium of banks. In conjunction with our IPO, we also converted our Series A cumulative redeemable convertible preferred stock to common stock.

On April 30, 2008, we acquired CAI Consent Sweden AB (Consent), formerly named Consent Equipment AB, a European container and intermodal equipment leasing company, for $14.6 million in cash (net of $1.3 million cash acquired) and the assumption of approximately $25.7 million in debt. Consent is headquartered in Gothenburg, Sweden, and has operations located in Sweden, Germany and the United Kingdom. (See Note 3 to our consolidated financial statements).

On August 12, 2008, the Company sold 750,000 shares of its common stock at $15.50 per share in conjunction with its secondary offering of 2,250,000 shares which included 1.5 million shares owned by the Company’s Executive Chairman, Hiromitsu Ogawa. The Company’s share of $10.3 million (net of underwriting fees and expenses) from the sale of stock was used to pay part of the Company’s outstanding senior secured credit facility. The Company did not receive any proceeds from the sale of stock by Mr. Ogawa.

Factors Affecting Our Performance

We believe there are a number of factors that have affected, and are likely to continue to affect, our operating performance. These factors include the following, among others:

 

   

the strength of global and regional economies and their ability to recover from the current recession;

 

   

changes in the amount of gain we can realize on sales of portfolios of leased containers to container investors;

 

   

changes in demand for container leases;

 

   

changes in the mix of short-term versus long-term leases;

 

   

changes in the per diem rates for leases;

 

   

changes in the number of containers in our owned fleet;

 

   

defaults by container lessees;

 

   

economic disruptions, health scares, financial turmoil and political instability;

 

   

terrorism, or the threat of terrorism, violence or hostilities that affect the flow of world trade and the demand for containers;

 

   

the development of emerging economies in Asia and other parts of the world and the resulting change in trade patterns;

 

   

fluctuations in interest rates;

 

   

increased competition; and

 

   

loss of key members of our senior management.

For further details of these and other factors which may affect our business and results of operations, see “Risk Factors.”

Key Financial Metrics

Utilization. We measure utilization on the basis of TEUs on lease expressed as a percentage of our total fleet available for lease. We calculate TEUs available for lease by excluding containers that have been manufactured for us but have not been delivered and containers designated as held-for-sale units. We calculate our utilization rate for a period by averaging the utilization rates at the end of each calendar month during the

 

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period. Our utilization is primarily driven by the overall level of container demand, the location of our available containers and the quality of our relationships with container lessees. The location of available containers is critical because containers available in high-demand locations are more readily leased and are typically leased on more favorable terms than containers available in low-demand locations.

The container leasing market is highly competitive. As such, our relationships with our container lessees are important to ensure that container shipping lines continue to select us as one of their providers of leased containers. Our annual average fleet utilization rate was 94.3% for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 and 90.6% for the year ended December 31, 2006. The overall increase in our utilization rate from the beginning of 2006 was primarily attributable to a significant increase in world trade and secondary sales of containers. In addition, there has been strong growth in overall container ship capacity to meet the increased trade demands. However, utilization rate has been declining since the third quarter of 2008 and is expected to decline further in 2009 as a result of the decline in world trade volume caused by the current global recession.

Per Diem Rates. The per diem rate for a lease is set at the time we enter into a lease agreement. Our long-term per diem rate has historically been strongly influenced by new container pricing (which in turn is heavily influenced by steel and other component pricing), interest rates, the balance of supply and demand for containers at a particular time and location, our estimate of the residual value of the container at the end of the lease, the type and age of the container being leased, purchasing activities of containers by container shipping lines and efficiencies in container utilization by container shipping lines. Average per diem rates for containers in our owned fleet and in the portfolios of containers comprising our managed fleet change only slightly in response to changes in new container prices because existing lease agreements can only be re-priced upon the expiration of the lease. Average per diem rates per TEU for long-term leases for our total fleet for the year ended December 31, 2008 decreased by 0.8% while average per diem rates for long-term leases for the year ended December 31, 2007 remained unchanged from the prior year. Average per diem rates per TEU for short-term leases in our total fleet increased by 0.7% for the year ended December 31, 2008, as compared to the prior year, and decreased by 0.1% for the year ended December 31, 2007 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2006.

Revenue

Our revenue comprises container rental revenue, management fee revenue, gain on sale of container portfolios and finance lease income.

Container Rental Revenue. We generate container rental revenue by leasing our owned containers to container shipping lines. Container rental revenue comprises monthly lease payments due under the lease agreements together with payments for other charges set forth in the leases, such as handling fees, drop-off charges and repair charges.

Management Fee Revenue. Management fee revenue is generated by our management services, which include the leasing, re-leasing, repair, repositioning, storage and disposition of containers. We provide these management services pursuant to management agreements with container investors that purchase portfolios of containers from us. Under these agreements, we earn fees for the management of the containers and a commission, or managed units’ sales fee, upon disposition of containers under management. The management agreements typically have terms of 10 years. Our management fees are calculated as a percentage of net operating revenue for each managed container, which is calculated as the lease payment and any other revenue attributable to a specific container owned by the container investor under a lease minus operating expenses related to the container but does not include the container investor’s depreciation or financing expense. The management fee percentage varies based upon the type of lease and the terms of the management agreement. Management fee percentages for long-term leases are generally lower than management fee percentages for short-term leases because less management time is required to manage long-term leases. The managed units’ sales fees are equal to a fixed dollar amount or based upon a percentage of the sales price.

 

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Gain on Sale of Container Portfolios. Gain on sale of container portfolios is generated when we sell containers, most of which are on lease at the time of sale, to container investors. Historically, we have entered into management agreements with container investors to manage the portfolios of containers that we have sold to them. The amount of revenue we recognize on these sales of containers is equal to the difference between the cash we receive from container investors and the net book value of the containers sold. We rely upon our borrowing capacity under our senior secured credit facility for the flexibility to hold containers until we sell them to container investors. We have historically been able to sell leased containers to container investors at a gain, and we have typically recognized higher revenue from gain on sale of container portfolios in periods of rising container prices. Because we enter into firm purchase orders for containers before we begin finding lessees for the containers, there is a risk that the time necessary to lease these containers may be much longer than we anticipate or that the price that container investors are willing to pay for portfolios of containers may decline before we take delivery. The price that a container investor is willing to pay for a portfolio of containers depends on a number of factors, including the historical and future expected cash flows from the portfolio to the container investor, the credit ratings of the lessees, the mix of short-term and long-term leases, the number of TEUs in the portfolio, the timing of the sale and alternative investment opportunities available to the container investor. If any of these factors change unexpectedly during the period between the date of our purchase order to the date a container investor purchases the container from us, we may recognize a lower gain on sale of the containers to investors, sell them to container investors at a loss or retain them as part of our owned fleet.

Finance Lease Income. A small percentage of our total fleet is subject to finance leases. Under a finance lease, the lessee’s payment consists of principal and interest components. The interest component is recognized as finance lease income. Lessees under our finance leases have the substantive risks and rewards of container ownership and may have the option to purchase the containers at the end of the lease term for a nominal amount.

Operating Expenses

Our operating expenses are depreciation of container rental equipment, impairment of container rental equipment, amortization of intangible assets, equipment rental expense, storage, handling and other expenses applicable to our owned containers as well as marketing, general and administrative expenses for our total fleet.

We depreciate most of our containers on a straight line basis over a period of 12.5 years to a fixed residual value. We regularly assess both the estimated useful life of our containers and the expected residual values, and, when warranted, adjust our depreciation estimate accordingly. Depreciation of container rental equipment expense will vary over time based upon the number and the purchase price of containers in our owned fleet. Beginning in the fourth quarter of 2006 depreciation of our existing owned fleet decreased as a result of an increase in our estimates of the residual values of our containers. However, depreciation in 2008 increased as a result of purchases of containers and acquisition of Consent. For the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, our depreciation expense for containers was $15.8 million and $8.8 million, respectively, using our revised residual value estimates as compared to $12.0 million for the combined year ended December 31, 2006. Approximately $2.0 million of the increase in 2008 was primarily due to the acquisition of Consent in April 2008.

Beginning October 1, 2006, our operating expenses include amortization of intangible assets due to the allocation to intangible assets of a portion of the purchase price paid to Interpool when we acquired Interpool’s 50.0% interest in our common stock and the application of pushdown and step acquisition accounting. Additional intangible assets were acquired and amortized starting April 30, 2008 when we acquired Consent. Our intangible assets primarily comprise relationships with container shipping lines and container investors, trademarks and software. We amortize these intangible assets on a straight line basis over the estimated period of remaining economic benefit for each category of intangible assets, ranging from three to ten years.

Impairment of container rental equipment is recognized in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets (“SFAS No. 144”). Under SFAS No. 144, if the carrying amount of a container held for sale exceeds the estimated future

 

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cash flows from that container, we recognize an impairment charge equal to the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. See “—Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates.”

Equipment rental expense represents the amount that we pay to third parties to lease containers that we sublease to container shipping lines. As of December 31, 2008, there were no containers in our fleet that were leased to us.

Storage, handling and other expenses are operating costs of our owned fleet. Storage and handling expenses occur when container shipping lines drop off containers at depots around the world. Storage and handling expenses vary significantly by location. Other expenses include repair expenses, which are the result of normal wear and tear on the containers, and repositioning expenses, which are incurred when we contract to move containers from locations where our inventories exceed actual or expected demand to locations with higher demand. Storage, handling and other expenses are directly related to the number of containers in our owned fleet and inversely related to our utilization rate for those containers. As utilization increases, we typically have lower storage, handling and repositioning expenses.

Our marketing, general and administrative expenses are primarily employee-related costs such as salary, bonus and commission expense, employee benefits, rent, allowance for doubtful accounts and travel and entertainment costs, as well as expenses incurred for outside services such as legal, consulting and audit-related fees.

During the year ended December 31, 2008, we recognized a goodwill impairment charge of $50.2 million in accordance with the requirements of SFAS 142. The goodwill impairment charge was primarily a result of the material decline in the market value of our equity during the fourth quarter of 2008 due to the expected downturn in future economic activity as a result of the global recession and adverse capital market conditions. The impaired goodwill was associated with our repurchase in October, 2006 of the shares of common stock previously held by Interpool, Inc. The amount of the impairment was determined using a combination of the cost, income and market approaches to estimate the fair value of our intangible and goodwill assets, resulting in our recognizing a $50.2 million impairment charge as of December 31, 2008 (See Note 4 to our consolidated financial statements).

Our operating expenses are offset by gain on disposition of used container equipment. This gain is the result of our sale of older used containers in the secondary resale market and is the difference between: (1) the cash we receive for these units, less selling expenses; and (2) the net book value of the units.

 

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Results of Operations

The following table summarizes our results of operations for the three years ended December 31, 2008, 2007, and 2006:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2008     2007     Combined
2006(1)
 
     Amount     Amount     Amount  
     ( in thousands)  

Revenue:

      

Container rental revenue

   $ 56,436     $ 38,148     $ 33,611  

Management fee revenue

     11,969       12,663       12,099  

Gain on sale of container portfolios

     12,443       12,855       13,757  

Finance lease income

     2,297       1,206       1,194  
                        

Total revenue

     83,145       64,872       60,661  
                        

Operating expenses:

      

Depreciation of container rental equipment

     15,824       8,805       12,013  

Amortization of intangible assets

     1,534       1,241       307  

Impairment of container rental equipment

     331       365       351  

Gain on disposition of used container equipment

     (4,155 )     (4,400 )     (1,551 )

Gain on settlement of lease obligation

     —         (780 )     —    

Equipment rental expense

     20       961       1,582  

Storage, handling and other expenses

     4,854       3,077       3,190  

Marketing, general and administrative expenses

     20,215       15,772       12,381  

Impairment of goodwill

     50,247       —         —    

Loss (gain) on foreign exchange

     564       (104 )     (25 )
                        

Total operating expenses

     89,434       24,937       28,248  
                        

Operating income (loss)

     (6,289 )     39,935       32,413  
                        

Net interest expense

     9,117       9,599       7,841  
                        

Income (loss) before income taxes

     (15,406 )     30,336       24,572  

Income tax expense

     11,547       11,102       8,975  
                        

Net income (loss)

   $ (26,953 )   $ 19,234     $ 15,597  
                        

 

(1) The results for the year ended December 31, 2006 combine the results of the Predecessor for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 with the results of the Successor for the three months ended December 31, 2006 by mathematical addition and do not comply with generally accepted accounting principles. Such data are being presented for analytical purposes only.

Year Ended December 31, 2008 Compared to Year Ended December 31, 2007

Revenues

Container Rental Revenue. Container rental revenue increased $18.3 million, or 47.9%, to $56.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 from $38.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2007. The increase in container rental revenue was principally due to an increase in the average number of TEUs on lease in our owned fleet, including the acquisition of Consent’s fleet. Consent’s operations accounted for $8.2 million of the increase in container rental revenue. Excluding revenues from Consent’s operations, container rental revenues for the year ended December 31, 2008 increased $10.0 million, or 26.1% from the prior year primarily due to a 25.6% increase in the average number of TEU’s of owned containers on lease as compared to the year ended December 31, 2007. The average utilization of our owned fleet was essentially unchanged from the same period last year.

 

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Management Fee Revenue. Management fee revenue for the year ended December 31, 2008 was $12.0 million, a decline of $694,000, or 5.5%, from $12.7 million for the same period in 2007. The decrease was primarily attributable to the lower commission fees earned on used containers sold by us on behalf of our investors as compared to the year ended December 31, 2007.

Gain on Sale of Container Portfolios. Gain on sale of container portfolios for the year ended December 31, 2008 was $12.4 million, a $412,000, or 3.2 %, decrease from the gain of $12.9 million realized for the year ended December 31, 2007. The decrease was due primarily to lower volume of containers sold during fiscal 2008 as compared to the same period in 2007.

Finance Lease Income. Finance lease income increased $1.1 million, or 90.5%, to $2.3 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 from $1.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2007. This increase was primarily due to finance lease income associated with additional new contracts for direct finance leases and a 13.4% increase in average per diem rate, partly offset by reduction in the principal balance of existing direct finance leases.

Expenses

Details of our operating expenses for the year ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 are shown on our statements of operations included in this filing. The following discussion explains the significant changes in expenses for the year ended December 31, 2008 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2007:

Depreciation of Container Rental Equipment. Depreciation of container rental equipment increased by $7.0 million, or 79.7%, to $15.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, from $8.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2007. This increase was primarily attributable to our fleet growth, greater percentage of newer containers in our owned fleet and the acquisition of Consent’s fleet during the second quarter of 2008.

Amortization of Intangible Assets. Amortization expense relating to intangible assets for the year ended December 31, 2008 increased $293,000, or 23.6%, to $1.5 million from $1.2 million during the same period last year. The increase resulted primarily from the intangible assets recorded in connection with the acquisition of Consent on April 30, 2008.

Impairment of Container Rental Equipment. Impairment of container rental equipment held for sale decreased $34,000, or 9.3%, to $331,000 for the year ended December 31, 2008 from $365,000 during the year ended December 31, 2007. The decrease was due primarily to the lower number of TEUs of containers impaired during 2008 as compared to 2007.

Gain on Disposition of Used Container Equipment. Gain on disposition of used container equipment decreased $245,000, or 5.6%, to $4.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 from $4.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2007. The decrease was due primarily to the lower margin on the sale of used containers during the year ended December 31, 2008 as compared to the same period in 2007.

Gain on Settlement of Lease Obligation. During the year ended December 31, 2007, the Company recognized a gain of $780,000 upon settling its liabilities related to lost, damaged or sold equipment that had been on operating leases from a lessor. The settlement amount related to the termination of the operating leases with the lessor. No such settlement occurred during the year ended December 31, 2008. Included within the gain on settlement of lease obligation in 2007 were gains totaling $153,000 that arose in prior periods but had not been previously recorded.

Equipment Rental Expense. Equipment rental expense was $20,000 for the year ended December 31, 2008, a $941,000, or 97.9%, decrease from $961,000 expense for the year ended December 31, 2007. We terminated all of our operating leases and purchased the last of the rented units in February 2008.

 

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Storage, Handling and Other Expenses. Storage, handling and other expenses increased by $1.8 million, or 57.8%, to $4.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, compared to $3.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2007. The increase was primarily attributable to the operations of Consent, the increase in our owned fleet and the higher overseas storage and handling costs due to the weakening of the U.S. dollar during most of 2008.

Marketing, General and Administrative Expenses. Marketing, general and administrative expenses increased by $4.4 million or 28.2%, to $20.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2008, from $15.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2007. The increase in marketing, general and administrative expenses was driven primarily by higher payroll costs resulting from an increase in personnel and incentive compensation, and higher legal and accounting fees. Additionally, costs relating to our foreign operations, including additional expenses associated with the operations of Consent, have increased due to the weakening of the U.S. dollar during most of 2008.

Impairment of Goodwill. During the year ended December 31, 2008, we recognized a goodwill impairment charge of $50.2 million in accordance with the requirements of FASB Statement No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (SFAS 142). The goodwill charge was primarily a result of the material decline in the market value of our equity during the fourth quarter of 2008 due to the expected downturn in future economic activity as a result of the global recession and adverse capital market conditions (see Note 4 to our consolidated financial statements).

Loss (gain) on foreign exchange. We incurred a loss of $564,000 on foreign exchange transactions for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to a gain of $104,000 during the year ended December 31, 2007. The loss resulted primarily from certain liabilities denominated in a currency other than the Company’s functional currency, whereby changes in the foreign currency exchange rate resulted in the recognition of a loss as of December 31, 2008. The Euro and British Pound Sterling are the functional currencies used in the operations of Consent and our UK subsidiary, respectively. Losses on foreign currency occurred when Consent and our U.K. subsidiary settled contracts denominated in U.S. dollars and remeasured liabilities denominated in U.S. dollars. The exchange rate of the Euro in relation to the U.S. dollar has declined at December 31, 2008 from the time we acquired Consent in April 2008. The average exchange rate for the British Pound Sterling to U.S. dollar declined over the course of the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to the same period last year.

Net Interest Expense. Net interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2008 was $9.1 million, a decrease of $482,000, or 5.0%, from $9.6 million of net interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2007. The decrease in interest expense was due primarily to the decrease in Eurodollar indexed interest rates and the repayment of the Company’s subordinated convertible note (which had a higher interest rate) in May 2007. Additionally, during the year ended December 31, 2007, we recorded a gain of $681,000 on the extinguishment of our $37.5 million convertible note to Interpool, which offset part of 2007 interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2007.

Income Tax Expense. Income tax expense increased $445,000, or 4.0%, to $11.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 from $11.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2007. The increase was primarily driven by a 14.9% increase in adjusted pre-tax income (after excluding the goodwill impairment charge of $50.2 million) for the year ended December 31, 2008 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2007. This was partly offset by a lower effective tax rate of 33.1% for the year ended December 31, 2008 compared to 36.6% for the year ended December 31, 2007. The lower effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2008 as compared to the year ended December 31, 2007 is due primarily to greater income before taxes from foreign operations where statutory rates are lower than the U.S. income tax rates.

 

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Segment Information. The following table summarizes our results of operations for each of our business segments for the year ended December 31, 2008 and 2007:

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
   Percent
Change
 
     2008     2007   
     (in thousands)       

Container Leasing

       

Total revenue

   $ 58,733     $ 39,354    49.2 %

Operating expenses

     38,931       13,706    184.0  

Interest expense

     9,346       9,725    (3.9 )
                 

Income before taxes attributable to segment

   $ 10,456     $ 15,923    (34.3 )
                 

Container Management

       

Total revenue

   $ 24,412     $ 25,518    (4.3 )

Operating expenses

     50,503       11,231    349.7  
                 

Income (loss) before taxes attributable to segment

   $ (26,091 )   $ 14,287    (282.6 )
                 

Container Leasing. Total revenue from our container leasing segment increased $19.4 million, or 49.2%, to $58.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 from $39.4 million during the year ended December 31, 2007. The increase was primarily due to a greater average number of TEUs on lease in our owned fleet and the acquisition of Consent which accounted for $8.2 million of the increase in revenue.

Total operating expenses for the container leasing segment increased $25.2 million, or 184.0%, to $38.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 from $13.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2007. The increase was primarily due to the allocation of $13.8 million of impairment of goodwill, and higher depreciation of container rental equipment arising from our fleet growth and greater percentage of newer containers in our owned fleet. In addition, all of Consent’s operating expenses were allocated to the container leasing segment. The higher percentage of owned average TEU’s also resulted in a higher allocation of marketing, general and administrative expense to the container leasing segment.

Interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2008 decreased $379,000, or 3.9%, to $9.3 million from $9.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2007. The decrease resulted primarily from lower Eurodollar indexed interest rates in 2008 and the repayment of the Company’s subordinated convertible note (which had a higher interest rate) in May 2007.

Container Management. Total revenue from our container management segment for the year ended December 31, 2008 was $24.4 million, which was $1.1 million, or 4.3%, lower than the $25.5 million of revenue from our container management segment for the year ended December 31, 2007. The lower revenue was primarily due to a $694,000, or 5.5%, decrease in management fee revenue and a $412,000, or 3.2%, decrease in gain on sale of container portfolios compared to the year ended December 31, 2007.

Total operating expenses for the container management segment increased $39.3 million, or 349.7%, to $50.5 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 as compared to $11.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 primarily resulting from the allocation of $36.4 million of goodwill impairment to the container management segment. In addition, marketing, general and administrative expense was 25.5% higher, driven primarily by an increase in payroll related expenses. Additionally, costs relating to our foreign operations have increased due to the weakening of the U.S. dollar during most of 2008.

 

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Year Ended December 31, 2007 Compared to Combined Year Ended December 31, 2006

Revenues

Container Rental Revenue. Container rental revenue increased $4.5 million, or 13.5%, to $38.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 from $33.6 million for the combined year ended December 31, 2006. The increase in container rental revenue was principally due to an increase in the average number of TEUs on lease in our owned fleet and higher average fleet utilization of our owned containers during the year ended December 31, 2007 as compared to the combined year ended December 31, 2006.

Management Fee Revenue. Management fee revenue increased by $564,000, or 4.7% to $12.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 as compared to $12.1 million for the combined year ended December 31, 2006 primarily as a result of a higher number of managed containers on lease.

Gain on Sale of Container Portfolios. Gain on sale of container portfolios decreased $902,000, or 6.6%, to $12.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 from $13.8 million for the combined year ended December 31, 2006. The decrease was primarily due to a lower volume of containers sold to investors during the year ended December 31, 2007 as compared to the containers sold during the combined year ended December 31, 2006.

Finance Lease Income. Finance lease income was not a significant component of our total revenue during either fiscal 2007 or 2006. Finance lease income of $1.2 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 was unchanged compared to the combined year ended December 31, 2006. The increase in revenues attributable to new direct financing lease (DFL) contracts during the year was offset by lower DFL revenue caused by a reduction in the principal balance of existing DFL contracts during the current fiscal year compared to the same period in 2006.

Expenses

Depreciation of Container Rental Equipment. Depreciation of container rental equipment decreased $3.2 million, or 26.7%, to $8.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 from $12.0 million for the combined year ended December 31, 2006. This decrease was primarily due to the application of higher residual values on dry van containers effective October 1, 2006, and the sale of container portfolios during 2007. The impact of lower depreciation resulting from higher residual values on dry van containers was offset in part by the impact of depreciation on additional containers acquired during 2007.

Amortization of Intangible Assets. We recorded amortization of intangible assets of $1.2 million during the year ended December 31, 2007 compared to $307,000 for the combined year ended December 31, 2006. The intangible assets were recognized in connection with our purchase of our common stock previously owned by Interpool, Inc. on October 1, 2006. Accordingly, amortization expense for 2007 represents a full year of expense for the year ended December 31, 2007 as compared to three months for the combined year ended December 31, 2006.

Impairment of Container Rental Equipment. Impairment of container rental equipment increased $14,000, or 4.0%, to $365,000 for the year ended December 31, 2007 from $351,000 during the combined year ended December 31, 2006. The increase was due primarily to the higher number of containers that were subject to impairment during the year ended December 31, 2007 as compared to the same period in combined 2006.

Gain on Disposition of Used Container Equipment. Gain on disposition of used container equipment increased $2.8 million or 183.7% to $4.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 from $1.6 million for the combined year ended December 31, 2006 as a result of selling more units at a higher average price and margin per container. Included in the total gain on disposition of used equipment for the year ended December 31, 2007 is a previously unrecorded gain of $214,000 that relates to equipment sold in prior periods that we acquired in 2005 and 2006 as part of terminating some operating leases during the three months ended June 30, 2007.

 

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Gain on Settlement of Lease Obligation. During the year ended December 31, 2007 the company recognized a gain of $780,000 resulting from the settlement of liabilities related to lost, damaged or sold equipment that had been on operating leases with lessors. The settlement amount related to the termination of the operating leases with the lessors. No such settlement occurred during the prior combined year ended December 31, 2006. Included within the gain on settlement of lease obligation is the inclusion of gains totaling $153,000 that arose in prior periods but had not been previously recorded.

Equipment Rental Expense. Equipment rental expense for the year ended December 31, 2007 decreased $621,000, or 39.3%, to $961,000 from $1.6 million during the combined year ended December 31, 2006. The decrease was due primarily to the termination of most of our operating leases during the second quarter ended June 30, 2007.

Storage, Handling and Other Expenses. Storage, handling and other expenses decreased $113,000, or 3.5%, to $3.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 from $3.2 million for the combined year ended December 31, 2006. The reduction in expense is due primarily to higher utilization of containers which had the effect of having fewer units being stored at depots and incurring storage costs.

Marketing, General and Administrative Expenses. Marketing, general and administrative expenses increased $3.3 million, or 26.8%, to $15.8 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 from $12.4 million for the combined year ended December 31, 2006. The increase was driven primarily by the increase in the number of employees resulting in higher employee related expenses and the recording of equity related compensation expense.

Net Interest Expense. Net interest expense for the year ended December 31, 2007 was $9.6 million, an increase of $1.8 million, or 22.4%, from $7.8 million for the combined year ended December 31, 2006. The increase in interest expense is partially due to the $77.5 million of incremental debt incurred in connection with our repurchase of our common stock previously owned by Interpool, Inc., which was subsequently paid off from the proceeds of our IPO in May 2007. In addition, the average balance of our revolving line of credit with a consortium of banks was higher during the year ended December 31, 2007 compared to the combined year ended December 31, 2006. The increase in net interest expense was partly offset by a $681,000 gain related to accrued interest that was extinguished with the repayment of the Interpool subordinated convertible note.

Income Tax Expense. Income tax expense increased $2.1 million, or 23.7%, to $11.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 from $9.0 million for the combined year ended December 31, 2006. The increase was primarily due to the 23.5% increase in pretax income for the year ended December 31, 2007 as compared to the combined year ended December 31, 2006. The effective tax rate for the year ended December 31, 2007 was 36.6% compared to 36.5% for the combined year ended December 31, 2006.

Segment Information. The following table summarizes our results of operations for each of our business segments for the years ended December 31, 2007 and combined 2006:

 

     Year Ended
December 31,
   Percent
Change
 
     2007    Combined
2006(1)
  
     (in thousands)       

Container Leasing

        

Total revenue

   $ 39,354    $ 34,805    13.1 %

Operating expenses

     13,706      19,154    (28.4 )

Interest expense

     9,725      7,898    23.1  
                

Income before taxes attributable to segment

   $ 15,923    $ 7,753    105.4  
                

Container Management

        

Total revenue

   $ 25,518    $ 25,856    (1.3 )

Operating expenses

     11,231      9,094    23.5  
                

Income before taxes attributable to segment

   $ 14,287    $ 16,762    (14.8 )
                

 

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(1) The results for the year ended December 31, 2006 combine the results of the Predecessor for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 with the results of the Successor for the three months ended December 31, 2006 by mathematical addition and do not comply with generally accepted accounting principles. Such data are being presented for analytical purposes only.

Container Leasing. Total revenue from our container leasing segment increased $4.5 million, or 13.1%, to $39.4 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 from $34.8 million during the combined year ended December 31, 2006. The increase was primarily due to a higher average number of TEUs in our owned fleet and a higher average utilization rate during the year ended December 31, 2007 as compared to the combined year ended December 31, 2006.

Total operating expenses for the container leasing segment decreased $5.4 million, or 28.4%, to $13.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 from $19.2 million during the combined year ended December 31, 2006. The decrease was primarily due to lower depreciation of container rental equipment which resulted primarily from the application of higher residual values on our dry van containers, and from the $3.0 million increase in gain on disposition of used container equipment and gain of $780,000 on settlement of lease obligation (both shown as offsets to operating expenses in our statement of operations). These lower expenses were partly offset by a higher proportion of marketing, general and administrative expense allocated to the container leasing segment.

Interest expense, which is allocated directly to the container leasing segment, increased $1.8 million, or 23.1%, to $9.7 million for the year ended December 31, 2007, from $7.9 million for the combined year ended December 31, 2006. The increase in interest expense is partially due to the $77.5 million of incremental debt incurred in connection with our repurchase of our common stock previously owned by Interpool, Inc., which was subsequently paid off from the proceeds of our IPO in May 2007. In addition, the average balance of our revolving line of credit with a consortium of banks was higher during the year ended December 31, 2007, compared to the same twelve-month period in 2006.

Container Management. Total revenue from our container management segment for the year ended December 31, 2007 decreased by $338,000, or 1.3%, to $25.5 million from $25.9 million for the combined year ended December 31, 2006. The decrease in revenue was primarily due to lower gain on sale of container portfolios which decreased $902,000 to $12.9 million for the year ended December 31, 2007 from $13.8 million for the combined year ended December 31, 2006. As previously noted above, the decrease was primarily due to a lower volume of containers sold to investors during the year ended December 31, 2007 as compared to the containers sold during the combined year ended December 31, 2006.

Total operating expenses for the container management segment for the year ended December 31, 2007 increased by $2.1 million, or 23.5%, to $11.2 million from $9.1 million during the same period in 2006. The increase is primarily due to higher marketing, general and administrative expense resulting primarily from an increase in personnel and equity incentive compensation.

Liquidity and Capital Resources

Our principal sources of liquidity have been cash flows from operations, sales of container portfolios, borrowings under our senior secured credit facility and sale of our common stock. We believe that cash flow from operations, future sales of container portfolios and borrowing availability under our senior secured credit facility are sufficient to meet our liquidity needs for at least the next 12 months. We have typically funded a significant portion of the purchase price for new containers through borrowings under our senior secured credit facility. However, from time to time we have funded new container acquisitions through the use of working capital.

On May 27, 2008, we increased our maximum credit available under our existing senior secured credit agreement to $290.0 million. All other terms and conditions of the agreement remain the same as the agreement

 

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signed on September 25, 2007 (see Note 7(a) to our consolidated financial statements contained herein). Our senior secured credit facility is secured by most of our assets, including our containers and the underlying leases thereon and our interest in any money received under such contracts. The facility may be increased under certain conditions described in the agreement. In addition, there is a commitment fee on the unused amount of the total commitment, payable quarterly in arrears. The amended agreement provides that swing line loans (short-term borrowings of up to $10.0 million in the aggregate that are payable within 10 business days or at maturity date, whichever comes earlier) and standby letters of credit (up to $15.0 million in the aggregate) will be available to us. These credit commitments are part of, and not in addition to, the total commitment of $290.0 million. The interest rates vary depending upon whether the loans are characterized as Base Rate loans or Eurodollar Rate loans as defined in the senior secured credit facility. As of December 31, 2008 the interest rate on our senior secured credit facility was 2.9%. The agreement under our senior secured credit facility will expire on September 25, 2012.

As of December 31, 2008, we had $81.5 million (net of $328,000 in letters of credit) in availability under our senior secured credit facility, subject to our ability to meet the collateral requirements under the agreement governing our senior secured credit facility. The entire amount of the facility drawn at any time plus accrued interest and fees is callable on demand in the event of certain specified events of default.

We intend to use our senior secured credit facility primarily to fund the purchase of containers in the future. We have typically used the proceeds from sales of container portfolios to container investors to repay our senior secured credit facility. As we expand our owned fleet, our senior secured credit facility balance will be higher, which will result in higher interest expense.

In addition to customary events of default, our senior secured credit facility contains financial covenants that require us to maintain certain ratios in our financial statements. As of December 31, 2008, we were in compliance with the financial covenants in our senior secured credit facility.

We assumed Consent’s capital lease obligation of $25.7 million when we acquired Consent in April 2008. As of December 31, 2008, there was a $22.6 million outstanding capital lease obligations balance. The underlying obligations are denominated in U.S. Dollars and Euros at fixed and floating interest rates averaging 6.7% as of December 31, 2008 and maturity dates between March 2009 and December 2018. The liability under each lease is secured by the underlying equipment on the lease.

On August 12, 2008, the Company sold 750,000 shares of its common stock at $15.50 per share in conjunction with its secondary offering of 2,250,000 shares which included 1.5 million shares owned by the Company’s Executive Chairman, Hiromitsu Ogawa. The Company’s share of $10.3 million (net of underwriting fees and expenses) from the sale of stock was used to pay part of the Company’s outstanding senior secured credit facility. In addition to the sale of common stock, the Company received $478,000 from the exercise of 29,610 shares of stock options by a former officer of the Company.

 

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Cash Flow

The following table sets forth certain cash flow information for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and 2006:

 

     Year Ended December 31,  
     2008     2007     2006(1)  
     (in thousands)  

Net income (loss)

   $ (26,953 )   $ 19,234     $ 15,597  

Adjustments to income (loss)

     54,391       (19,500 )     5,514  
                        

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

     27,438       (266 )     21,111  

Net cash used in investing activities

     (77,606 )     (83,035 )     (2,088 )

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

     70,663       71,369       (6,376 )

Effect on cash of foreign currency translation

     (393 )     6       139  
                        

Net increase (decrease) in cash

     20,102       (11,926 )     12,786  

Cash at beginning of year

     8,433       20,359       7,573  
                        

Cash at end of year

   $ 28,535     $ 8,433     $ 20,359  
                        

 

(1) The cash flow statement for the year ended December 31, 2006 combines the results of the Predecessor for the nine months ended September 31, 2006 with the results of the Successor for the three months ended December 31, 2006 by mathematical addition and does not comply with generally accepted accounting principles. Such data is being presented for analytical purposes only.

Operating Activities Cash Flows

Net cash provided by operating activities for the year ended December 31, 2008 was $27.4 million compared to net cash used in operating activities of $266,000 for the year ended December 31, 2007. The net increase in cash attributable to operating activities during the year ended December 31, 2008 as compared to a net decrease in cash during the same period in 2007 primarily due to:

 

  a.) Adjusted net income of $26.5 million after adding back goodwill impairment, depreciation and other non-cash items to the net loss for the year ending December 31, 2008, as compared to an adjusted net income of $11.2 million after adding back depreciation, amortization and other non-cash items for the year ended December 31, 2007.

 

  b.) Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities increased $2.9 million at December 31, 2008 as compared to a decrease of $11.0 million at December 31, 2007. The increase in 2008 was due primarily to increases in accrued income taxes and accrued interest payable of $1.1 million and $690,000, respectively. The net decrease in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities in 2007 was primarily attributable to payments aggregating $20.9 million for federal and state income tax liabilities for the combined year ended December 31, 2006 and estimated federal and state income tax liabilities for the year ended December 31, 2007.

 

  c.) Increase of $2.8 million in due to container investors during fiscal 2008 as compared to a decrease of $575,000 in fiscal 2007.

The increase in cash attributable to operating activities described above for the year ended December 31, 2008 was partly offset by the increase in accounts receivable (net of unearned revenue) of $4.7 million as compared to an increase of $900,000 during fiscal 2007.

Net cash provided by operating activities for the combined year ended December 31, 2006 was $21.1 million and was primarily generated by net income of $14.5 million as adjusted for depreciation, amortization and other non-cash items, and $19.4 million increase in accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities, and due to container investors. These were partly offset by a decrease of $6.8 million in amounts due to affiliate and a $5.0 million increase in accounts receivable.

 

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Investing Activities Cash Flows

Net cash used in investing activities for the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and combined 2006 were $77.6 million, $83.0 million, and $2.1 million, respectively, as we continued to invest in dry van containers and specialized equipment. For the years ended December 31, 2008, 2007 and combined 2006 we purchased containers totaling $189.6 million, $219.5 million, $135.2 million, respectively. In addition, we spent $14.6 million to acquire Consent. The purchases of containers and the acquisition of Consent were partly offset by the combined proceeds from the sale of container portfolios and disposition of used container equipment totaling $120.1 million, $132.6 million and $129.5 million during fiscal 2008, 2007 and combined 2006, respectively.

Financing Activities Cash Flows

Net cash provided by financing activities for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 were $70.7 million and $71.4 million, respectively. During the year ended December 31, 2008, we received $10.3 million of net proceeds (after deducting underwriting discounts and other offering expenses) from the issuance of 750,000 shares of our common stock compared to $78.1 million proceeds we received in the prior year from the issuance of 5.8 million shares of common stock. In addition to proceeds from sale of common stock, proceeds from bank debt were $134.6 million and $138.1 million for the year ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. These proceeds from the sale of stock and bank debt were partly offset by principal payments we made on bank debt and capital leases totaling $77.3 million and $106.8 million for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively. During both years, we used part of the proceeds from the sale of stock to repay part of our outstanding obligations under our senior secured credit facility. We also used part of the net proceeds from the issuance of our stock in 2007 to pay the $37.5 million convertible subordinated note payable to Interpool.

Net cash used in financing activities of $6.4 million for the combined year ended December 31, 2006 included $137.1 million used for payments on bank debt, $40.1 million payment used for the repurchase of our common stock held by Interpool and $16.8 million used to pay the principal amount of prior subordinated note payable to Interpool. This was offset in part by proceeds from bank debt of $188.9 million.

Contractual Obligations and Commercial Commitments

The following table sets forth our contractual obligations and commercial commitments by due date as of December 31, 2008 (in thousands):

 

     Payments Due by Period
     Total    1 year    1-2 years    2-3 years    3-4 years    4-5 years    >5 years

Total debt obligations:

                    

Senior secured credit facility

   $ 208,200    $ —      $ —      $ —      $ 208,200    $ —      $ —  

Interest expense(1)

     22,628      6,038      6,038      6,039      4,513      —        —  

Rental equipment payable

     3,905      3,905      —        —        —        —        —  

Rent, office facilities and equipment

     2,166      1,055      795      159      100      57      —  

Capital lease obligations(2)

     27,447      5,913      4,374      5,303      3,689      2,564      5,604

Container purchases commitments

     2,370      2,370      —        —        —        —        —  
                                                

Total contractual obligations

   $ 266,716    $ 19,281    $ 11,207    $ 11,501    $ 216,502    $ 2,621    $ 5,604
                                                

 

(1) Interest expense relates to our senior secured credit facility and assumes that the interest rate of 2.9% as of December 31, 2008 will stay at this level over the next five years and the amount of debt outstanding will remain at the December 31, 2008 level. This interest rate will vary over time based upon fluctuations in the underlying indexes upon which this interest rate is based.
(2) Amounts include interest. The underlying obligations are denominated in U.S. Dollars and Euros at fixed and floating interest rates averaging 6.7% as of December 31, 2008 (See Note 7(b) to our consolidated financial statements).

 

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Our senior secured credit facility provides for a maximum total commitment amount of up to $290.0 million in revolving line of credit. Loans under the senior secured credit facility bear interest at variable rates based on the Eurodollar rate or a Base Rate as defined in our amended agreement, plus a margin that adjusts depending on a certain financial criterion. In addition, there is a commitment fee on the unused amount of the total commitment which is payable quarterly in arrears. The senior secured credit facility provides that swing line loans (up to $10.0 million in the aggregate) and standby letters of credit (up to $15.0 million in the aggregate) will be available to us. These credit commitments are part of, and not in addition to, the total commitment of $290.0 million under our senior secured credit facility. As of December 31, 2008, there was a balance of $208.2 million on the senior secured credit facility which will terminate on September 25, 2012. We assumed Consent’s capital lease obligations when we acquired the Company in April 2008 (see notes 3 and 7(b) to our consolidated financial statements).

Off-Balance Sheet Arrangements

As of December 31, 2008, we had no off-balance sheet arrangements or obligations other than noted below. An off-balance sheet arrangement includes any contractual obligation, agreement or transaction arrangement involving an unconsolidated entity under which we would have: (1) retained a contingent interest in transferred assets; (2) an obligation under derivative instruments classified as equity; (3) any obligation arising out of a material variable interest in an unconsolidated entity that provides financing, liquidity, market risk or credit risk support to us, or that engages in leasing, hedging or research and development services with us; or (4) made guarantees.

In December, 2008, we sold a fleet of 20-foot dry van containers totaling $4.4 million to CAIJ Container Lease No.1 (CCL No.1), a Japanese limited liability company that is owned 99% by Japan Investment Adviser Co., Ltd. (JIA) and 1% by CAIJ. CAIJ is an 80%- owned subsidiary of CAI with the remaining 20% owned by JIA. JIA is owned and controlled by a Managing Director of CAIJ. Prior to the purchase of containers from the Company, CCL No. 1 had received approximately $4.5 million contribution from an unrelated Japanese investor, under a Japanese investment agreement allowed under Japanese commercial laws. The investment was used to purchase the containers from us. Under the terms of the agreement, CCL No.1 will manage the operations of the investment but may outsource the whole or part of such operations to a third party. The profit/loss from the investment will substantially belong to the investor. Pursuant to its services agreement with investor, CCL No. 1 has outsourced the general management of the investment’s operations to CAIJ. CCL No.1 has also entered into an equipment management service agreement with us whereby we will manage the leasing of equipment that it sold to CCL No. 1 (See Note 9 to our consolidated financial statements).

Critical Accounting Policies and Estimates

The preparation of financial statements in conformity with GAAP requires management to use judgment in making estimates and assumptions that affect reported amounts of assets and liabilities, the reported amounts of income and expense during the reporting period and the disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities as of the date of the financial statements. We have identified the policies and estimates below as critical to our business operations and the understanding of our results of operations. These policies and estimates are considered critical due to the existence of uncertainty at the time the estimate is made, the likelihood of changes in estimates from period to period and the potential impact that these estimates can have on our financial statements. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include revenue recognition, valuation allowances for receivables, the carrying amount of container equipment, the residual values and lives of container equipment, impairment of goodwill and intangible assets, the carrying amount and lives of intangible assets, share based payments and income taxes. The following accounting policies and estimates include inherent risks and uncertainties related to judgments and assumptions made by us. Our estimates are based on the relevant information available at the end of each period. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

 

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Revenue Recognition

We provide a range of services to our customers incorporating rental, sale and management of container equipment. Revenue for all forms of service is recognized when earned following the guidelines of SFAS No. 13, Accounting for Leases and Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104 (SAB 104). Revenue is reported net of any related sales tax.

Container Rental Revenue. We recognize revenue from operating leases of our owned containers as earned over the term of the lease. Where minimum lease payments vary over the lease term, revenue is recognized on a straight-line basis over the term of the lease. We cease recognition of lease revenue if and when a container lessee defaults in making timely lease payments or we otherwise determine that future lease payments are not likely to be collected from the lessee. Our determination of the collectability of future lease payments is made by management on the basis of available information, including the current creditworthiness of container shipping lines that lease containers from us, historical collection results and review of specific past due receivables. If we experience unexpected payment defaults from our container lessees, we will cease revenue recognition for those leases which will reduce container rental revenue.

Finance Lease Income. Finance lease income is recognized using the effective interest method, which generates a constant rate of interest over the period of the lease. The same risks of collectibility discussed above apply to our collection of finance lease income. If we experience unexpected payment defaults under our finance leases, we cease revenue recognition for those leases which will reduce finance lease income.

Management Fee Revenue and Gain on Sale of Container Portfolios. In addition to leasing owned containers we sell portfolios of containers to container investors. After the date of sale, we generally manage the containers sold to these container investors. As these arrangements contain multiple parts (the sale of an asset followed by the provision of management services), we evaluate the arrangements under Emerging Issues Task Force No. 00-21, Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables (EITF 00-21). We have determined that the sale of the container and the management services are separate units of accounting thereby requiring revenue to be recognized separately for each part of the arrangement.

One requirement of EITF 00-21 for the two deliverables to be accounted for as separate units of accounting is that management can determine the fair value of the undelivered item (the management services), when the first item (the sale of containers) is delivered. Assessing fair value evidence requires judgment. In determining fair value we have reviewed information from management agreements entered into with container investors on a standalone basis, compared it to information from management agreements entered into with container investors to whom we concurrently sold portfolios of containers and determined that the fees we have charged to container investors who have entered into management agreements on a standalone basis were comparable to the fees we charged when we entered into management agreements with container investors concurrent with the sales of portfolios of containers. We have also reviewed information of other container management companies disclosed in publicly available documents, including investment fund prospectuses and competitor financial statements. Accordingly we were able to determine that the fees charged for our management services are comparable to those charged by other container management companies for the same service. As such, we have concluded that evidence exists to support our assessment of the fair value of our management services. However, we are one of the few companies in the business of selling and managing portfolios of leased containers and in the future data may not be available to support our assessment of fair value. Should fair value evidence not be satisfactory in the future, the gain on sale of container portfolios and the management services may need to be accounted for as one unit of accounting. This would result in the gain on sale of container portfolios being deferred and recognized over the term of the management agreement, which is typically 10 years, rather than in the period the sale occurs.

Based on the conclusion that the sale of containers and the management services can be accounted for separately, we recognize gain on sale of container portfolios when the sale of the containers is completed. The gain is the difference between the sales price and the net book value of the containers sold.

 

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We recognize revenue from management fees earned under management agreements on a monthly basis. Fees are calculated as a percentage of net operating income, which is revenue from the containers under management minus direct operating expense related to those containers. If a lessee of a managed container defaults in making timely lease payments or we otherwise determine that future lease payments are not likely to be collected from the lessee, then we will cease to record lease revenue for purposes of our internal record keeping in connection with determining the amount of management fees that we have earned, which in turn will result in reduced management fee revenue.

Accounting for Container Leasing Equipment

Accounting for container leasing equipment includes depreciation, impairment testing and the impairment of containers as held for sale.

Depreciation. When we acquire containers, we record the cost of the container on our balance sheet. We then depreciate the container over its estimated “useful life” (which represents the number of years we expect to be able to lease the container to shipping companies) to its estimated “residual value” (which represents the amount we estimate we will recover upon the sale or other disposition of the equipment at the end of its “useful life” as a shipping container). Our estimates of useful life are based on our actual experience with our owned fleet, and our estimates of residual value are based on a number of factors including disposal price history.

We review our depreciation policies, including our estimates of useful lives and residual values, on a regular basis to determine whether a change in our estimates of useful lives and residual values is warranted. Prior to October 1, 2006, we estimated that standard dry van containers, which represent substantially all the containers in our fleet, had a useful life of 12.5 years and had fixed residual values of $645 for a 20’, $795 for a 40’, and $805 for a 40’ high cube. Beginning on October 1, 2006, we changed our residual value estimates to $850 for a 20’, $950 for a 40’ and $1,000 for a 40’ high cube. The estimated useful life for all other containers remains at 15 years with a residual value of 15% of their original cost.

Our decision to change the residual values of container equipment was based on higher sales prices of older used containers over the previous three years and expectation of similar values in future periods. The effect of this change was a reduction in depreciation expense as compared to what would have been reported using the previous estimates. We continue to estimate a container’s “useful life” as a shipping container to be 12.5 years from the first lease out date after manufacture.

Used containers are depreciated over the number of years remaining from their normal useful life of 12.5 years but no less than two years. Used containers that are over 12.5 years of age at the time of purchase are depreciated over two years. No depreciation is recorded on used containers that are purchased at or below their residual values.

The Company will reassess its estimate of residual value and useful life of containers in the future for possible adjustments to those estimates. If market conditions in the future warrant a further change of our estimates of the useful lives or residual values of our containers, we may be required to again recognize increased or decreased depreciation expense. A decrease in either the useful life or residual value of our containers would result in increased depreciation expense and decreased net income.

Impairment. In accordance with SFAS No. 144, Accounting for Impairment or Disposal of Long Lived Assets, we periodically evaluate our containers held for use to determine whether there has been any event that would cause the book value of our containers to be impaired. Any such impairment would be expensed in our results of operations. Impairment exists when the future undiscounted cash flows generated by an asset are less than the net book value of that asset. If impairment exists, the containers are written down to their fair value. This fair value then becomes the containers’ new cost basis and is depreciated over their remaining useful life to their estimated residual values. Any impairment charge would result in decreased net income.

 

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Containers Held for Sale. We also evaluate all off-lease containers to determine whether the containers will be repaired and returned to service or sold based upon what we estimate will be the best economic alternative. If we designate a container as held for sale, depreciation on the container ceases, and the container is reported at the lower of (1) its recorded value or (2) the amount we expect to receive upon sale (less the estimated cost to sell the container). Any write-down of containers held for sale is reflected in our statement of income as an expense. If a larger number of containers are identified for sale or prices for used containers drop, impairment charges for containers held for sale may increase which would result in decreased net income.

Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill represents the excess of purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired in a business combination accounted for using the purchase method. Goodwill acquired in a purchase business combination is not amortized, but instead tested for impairment at least annually in accordance with the provisions of FASB Statement No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets. On October 1, 2006, we recorded goodwill of $50.2 million and intangible assets of $7.4 million resulting from the application of push down accounting under SFAS No. 141 in connection with the Company’s repurchase of its common shares of stock held by Interpool (see Note 2(a) to our consolidated financial statements). The purchase price for the incremental ownership that we acquired from Interpool was based on forecasts and assumptions made on future cash flows. Management has determined that the Company is comprised of two reporting units, container leasing and container management, and has allocated $13.8 million and $36.4 million of goodwill, respectively, to each segment. The allocation of the purchase price is based on the expected future cash flow contribution of each segment and goodwill for each reporting unit was determined as the difference between the allocated purchase price and the fair value of the net assets of each reporting unit.

Impairment of goodwill is tested at the reporting unit level annually or more frequently if an event or circumstance occurs that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. Factors that would suggest a possible impairment include, but are not limited to, material customer losses, significant decline in the market value of stock, an adverse change in the business climate, an adverse action or assessment by a regulator, unanticipated competition or a loss in key personnel.

We test impairment by comparing the reporting unit’s carrying amount, including goodwill, to the fair value of the reporting unit. We perform the goodwill impairment test using a combination of the market and income approaches. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an indication of goodwill impairment exists and a second step is performed to measure the amount of impairment loss, if any. In the application of the impairment testing, we are required to make estimates of future operating trends and resulting cash flows and judgments on discount rates and other variables. Actual future results and other assumed variables could differ from these estimates. If goodwill is impaired we will record an impairment charge, which will result in a decrease in net income, or an increase in net loss. We perform our annual review in the fourth quarter of each year or sooner if indicators for impairment exist. During the quarter ended December 31, 2008, we recognized an impairment loss of our entire goodwill of $50.2 million (see Note 4 to our consolidated financial statements).

Intangible assets acquired during the repurchase of its common stock held by Interpool and the acquisition of Consent have been allocated either directly to the relevant unit or on the expected future cash flow contribution of each segment. Intangible assets allocated to the container leasing and container management reporting units, net of accumulated amortization, are $3.4 million and $3.2 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2008.

Allowance for Doubtful Accounts

Our allowance for doubtful accounts is developed based on two key components: (1) specific reserves for receivables which are impaired for which management believes full collection is doubtful; and (2) a general reserve for estimated losses inherent in the receivables. The general reserve is estimated by applying certain

 

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percentages ranging from 1.0% on accounts that are one to thirty days overdue, to 100% on accounts that are one year overdue. Our allowance for doubtful accounts is reviewed regularly by our management and is based on the risk profile of the receivables, credit quality indicators such as the level of past due amounts and non-performing accounts and economic conditions. Our credit committee meets regularly to assess performance of our container lessees and to recommend actions to be taken in order to minimize credit risks. Changes in economic conditions or other events may necessitate additions or deductions to the allowance for doubtful accounts. The allowance is intended to provide for losses inherent in the owned fleet’s accounts receivable, and requires the application of estimates and judgments as to the outcome of collection efforts and the realization of collateral, among other things. If the financial condition of our container lessees were to deteriorate, reducing their ability to make payments, additional allowances may be required, which would decrease our net income in the period of the adjustment.

The credit risk on accounts receivable related to the containers we manage is the responsibility of the container investors. Accordingly, we do not record an allowance for doubtful accounts related to those accounts receivable. Under our management agreements, if we are unable to ultimately collect any amount due from a managed container lessee, the container investors are obligated to reimburse us for any amounts we have previously paid to them in advance of receiving the amount from the container lessee.

Share-Based Payments

Effective January 1, 2006, we adopted the provisions of SFAS No. 123(R), Share-Based Payment, and related interpretations (“SFAS No. 123(R)”), to account for stock-based compensation using the modified prospective transition method and, therefore, have not restated our prior period results. SFAS No. 123(R) supersedes APB No. 25 and revises guidance in SFAS No. 123, Accounting for Stock-Based Compensation. Among other things, SFAS No. 123(R) requires that compensation expense be recognized in the financial statements for share-based awards based on the grant-date fair value of those awards. Our cumulative redeemable convertible preferred stock issued under the Executive Management Incentive Program was issued in 1998 and had no vesting term. As such, there is no compensation expense recognized for these shares upon adoption of SFAS No. 123(R). Our preferred stock was converted to common stock on May 15, 2007.

On April 23, 2007, our board of directors and our stockholders approved the 2007 Equity Incentive Plan (“Plan”) and reserved 721,980 shares of our common stock for issuance under the Plan. Pursuant to this Plan, on May 15, 2007, we granted our three top corporate officers at that time and three outside members of our board of directors, options totaling 508,620 shares and 37,500 shares, respectively, of our common stock at the IPO price of $15.00 per share. The options have a contractual term of 10 years and vest over four years for the officers and one year for the directors. As of December 31, 2008, there were 450,180 stock options outstanding for officers and directors. Additionally, we granted certain management employees restricted shares of common stock as bonuses aggregating 36,876 shares on May 15, 2007. The restricted shares of common stock granted to employees have a vesting period of three years from the date of grant. As of December 31, 2008, there were 23,568 shares of unvested restricted common stock.

We calculate the value of the stock options for officers and directors using the Black-Scholes-Merton option pricing model using certain assumptions of volatility, risk free interest rate, expected term and dividend yield using the guidelines prescribed under SFAS 123R. As we have no historical data, the expected option term is calculated using the simplified method in accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin (SAB) No. 107. The fair value of restricted shares of common stock granted to management employees was their market price on the date of grant. The resulting values for stock options and restricted shares of common stock are amortized on a straight-line basis over their vesting periods and recorded as compensation expense. (See Note 11 to consolidated financial statements.)

 

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Income Taxes

Deferred tax liabilities and assets are recognized for the expected future tax consequences of events that have been reflected in our consolidated financial statements. Deferred tax liabilities and assets are determined based on the differences between the book values and the tax basis of particular assets and liabilities, using tax rates in effect for the years in which the differences are expected to reverse. A valuation allowance is recorded to reduce our deferred tax assets to an amount we determine is more likely than not to be realized, based on our analyses of past operating results, future reversals of existing taxable temporary differences and projected taxable income. Our analyses of future taxable income are subject to a wide range of variables, many of which involve estimates. Uncertainty regarding future events and changes in tax regulation could materially alter our valuation of deferred tax liabilities and assets. If we determine that we would not be able to realize all or part of our deferred tax assets in the future, we would increase our valuation allowance and record a corresponding charge to our earnings in the period in which we make such determination. If we later determine that we are more likely than not to realize our deferred tax assets, we would reverse the applicable portion of the previously provided valuation allowance.

In June 2006, the FASB issued FASB Interpretation No. (“FIN”) 48, Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes, which clarifies the accounting for uncertainty in income taxes. FIN 48 prescribes a recognition threshold and measurement attribute for the financial statement recognition and measurement of a tax position taken or expected to be taken in a tax return. FIN 48 requires that we recognize in our financial statements a tax uncertainty, if it is more likely than not that the position will be sustained on audit, based on the technical merits of the position. FIN 48 also provides guidance on derecognition, classification, interest and penalties, accounting in interim periods and disclosure. On January 1, 2007, we adopted FIN 48. We have elected to record penalties and interest within income tax expense. The implementation of FIN 48 did not have a material effect on our financial statements. (See Note 8 to our consolidated financial statements for details).

Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141R, Business Combinations, to improve the relevance, representational faithfulness, and comparability of the information that a reporting entity provides in its financial reports about a business combination and its effects. To accomplish that objective, SFAS No. 141R establishes principles and requirements for how the acquirer:

 

  a. recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any non-controlling interest in the acquiree;

 

  b. recognizes and measures the goodwill acquired in the business combination or a gain from a bargain purchase; and

 

  c. determines what information to disclose to enable users of the financial statements to evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination.

SFAS No. 141R applies prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. An entity may not apply it before that date. We do not expect the adoption of SFAS No. 141R to have a material effect on our consolidated financial position or results of operations.

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements-An Amendment of ARB No. 51. The objective of this statement is to improve the relevance, comparability and transparency of the financial information that a reporting entity provides in its consolidated financial statements by establishing accounting and reporting standards relating to ownership interests in subsidiaries held by parties other than the parent, the amount of consolidated net income attributable to the parent and to the non-controlling interest, changes in a parent’s ownership interest, measurement of gain or loss on the deconsolidation of a subsidiary, and disclosure requirements to clearly identify and distinguish between the

 

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interests of the parent and the interests of the non-controlling owners. The statement applies to all entities that prepare consolidated financial statements, except not-for profit organizations, but will affect only those entities that have outstanding non-controlling interests in one or more subsidiaries or that deconsolidate a subsidiary. The statement is effective for fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008. We do not expect the adoption of SFAS No. 160 to have a material effect on our consolidated financial position or results of operations.

On February 12, 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. 157-2, Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157, which delays the effective date of SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurement, to fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008, for nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except for items that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in an entity’s financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually). We have elected to defer the implementation of SFAS No. 157 for non-financial assets and liabilities in accordance with FSP No. 157-2. After the deferral, SFAS No. 157 will be applicable to impairment and business combination accounting. We do not have material financial assets or liabilities nor non-financial assets outside the scope of FSP No. 157-2.

In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities—An amendment of SFAS No. 133. This statement requires enhanced disclosures about an entity’s derivative and hedging activities with the objective of improving the transparency of financial reporting. This statement is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008, with early application encouraged. The adoption of this pronouncement is not expected to have a significant impact on our financial reporting as the amount of our derivative activities is not material. (See Note 7(c)).

In May 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 162, The Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles, which identifies the sources of generally accepted accounting principles (GAAP) and provides a framework, or hierarchy, for selecting the principles to be used in preparing U.S. GAAP financial statements for non-governmental entities. The hierarchy of authoritative accounting guidance is not expected to change current practice but is expected to facilitate the FASB’s plan to designate as authoritative its forthcoming codification of accounting standards. This pronouncement is effective November 15, 2008.

In May 2008, the FASB issued Staff Position No. APB 14-1, “Accounting for Convertible Debt Instruments That May Be Settled in Cash upon Conversion (Including Partial Cash Settlement)” (“FSP No. APB 14-1” or the “FSP”), which clarifies the accounting for convertible debt instruments that may be settled in cash (including partial cash settlement) upon conversion. The FSP requires issuers of applicable convertible debt instruments to account separately for the liability (debt) and equity (conversion option) components in a manner that reflects the issuer’s nonconvertible debt (unsecured debt) borrowing rate. The FSP requires bifurcation of a component of the convertible debt, classification of that component as equity, and then accretion of the resulting discount on the debt as additional interest expense over the expected term of the debt. The FSP requires retrospective application to all periods presented. The FSP is effective for us as of January 1, 2009, and early adoption is not permitted. The adoption of this FSP will affect the prior accounting for our $37.5 million convertible notes to Interpool that were repaid in May 2007. We are presently evaluating the impact that the application of this FSP on our consolidated financial position and results of operations.

 

ITEM 7A. QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

Market risk represents the risk of changes in value of a financial instrument, derivative or non-derivative, caused by fluctuations in foreign exchange rates and interest rates. Changes in these factors could cause fluctuations in our results of operations and cash flows. We are exposed to the market risks described below.

Foreign Exchange Rate Risk. During 2008 approximately 24% of our total revenues were derived from our foreign-based operations. Although we have significant foreign-based operations, the U.S. dollar is our primary operating currency. Thus, most of our revenue and expenses are denominated in U.S. dollars. We had equipment

 

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sales in British Pounds, Euros and Japanese Yen and incurred overhead costs in foreign currencies, primarily in British Pound Sterling and Euros. Consent has significant amounts of revenue as well expenses denominated in Euro, Swedish Kroner and Norwegian Kroner. The increase in the value of the U.S. dollar during the second half of 2008 has decreased our revenues and expenses denominated in foreign currencies. The increase in the value of the U.S. dollar relative to foreign currencies will also result in U.S. dollar denominated liabilities held at some of our foreign subsidiaries to increase in value to those subsidiaries, and foreign denominated assets decrease in value in U.S. dollar terms. We have not, and do not expect to, enter any financial instrument that could hedge against foreign currency rate fluctuations.

Interest Rate Risk. The nature of our business exposes us to market risk arising from changes in interest rates to which our variable-rate debt is linked. In conjunction with its acquisition of Consent, the Company assumed an interest rate swap agreement with a European bank. The interest rate swap contract with the bank is based on a notional amount in Euros equivalent to approximately $4.2 million as of December 31, 2008, with a fixed rate of 4.07% against the three-month Euribor rate. The contract expires on July 1, 2010. As of December 31, 2008, the liability under the rate swap agreement had a fair value of approximately $102,000.

As of December 31, 2008 the principal amount of debt outstanding under the variable-rate arrangement of our senior secured credit facility was $208.2 million. In addition, the capital lease obligations we assumed in conjunction with the acquisition of Consent had a balance of $22.6 million at December 31, 2008 and have variable interest rates. A 1.0% increase or decrease in underlying interest rates for these obligations will increase or decrease interest expense by approximately $2.3 million annually assuming debt remains constant at December 31, 2008 levels.

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Credit Risk

We maintain detailed credit records about the container lessees for our total fleet. Our credit policy sets different maximum exposure limits for our container lessees. Credit criteria may include, but are not limited to, container lessee trade route, country, social and political climate, assessments of net worth, asset ownership, bank and trade credit references, credit bureau reports, including those from Dynamar, operational history and financial strength. We monitor container lessees’ performance and lease exposures on an ongoing basis, and our credit management processes are aided by the long payment experience we have with most of the container lessees for our total fleet and our broad network of long-standing relationships in the shipping industry that provide current information about the container lessees for our total fleet. In managing this risk we also make an allowance for doubtful accounts. Our allowance for doubtful accounts is developed based on two key components: (1) specific reserves for receivables which are impaired for which management believes full collection is doubtful; and (2) a general reserve for estimated losses inherent in the receivables. The general reserve is estimated by applying certain percentage ranging from 1.0% on accounts that are one to thirty days overdue, to 100% on accounts that are one year overdue. Our allowance for doubtful accounts is reviewed regularly by our management and is based on the risk profile of the receivables, credit quality indicators such as the level of past due amounts and non-performing accounts and economic conditions.

The credit risk on accounts receivable related to the containers we manage is the responsibility of the container investors. We hold back a percentage of lease payments relating to managed containers to be applied against future lessee defaults. Under our management agreements, if we are unable to ultimately collect any amount due from a managed container lessee, the container investors are obligated to reimburse us for any amounts we have previously paid to them in advance of receiving the amount from the container lessee. We typically pay container investors the amounts due to them under the leases we manage within 60 days after invoicing lessees. Accordingly, we have credit risk exposure on amounts that we have paid to container investors in advance of receiving the funds from the lessees. Although our container investors are obligated under the terms of our management agreements to reimburse us for amounts advanced that are subsequently not collected

 

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from the managed container lessees, we bear the credit risk that one or more of our managed container lessees will become insolvent or otherwise be unable to pay us the amounts due under the lease. We receive all funds from our managed container lessees directly and if we determine that a payment due from a container lessee is not collectable we deduct that amount from future payments to the relevant container investors to the extent that amount exceeds amounts we have previously held back. We monitor our managed fleet credit risk exposure to managed container lessees and cease making payments to container investors with respect to containers leased to a lessee that we have determined is unlikely to make payment under the lease.

As of December 31, 2008, approximately 94.5% of accounts receivable for our total fleet and 92.5% of the finance lease receivables were from container lessees outside of the United States. China, (including Hong Kong), Korea and Japan accounted for 15.1%, 10.2% and 10.3%, respectively, of our total fleet container leasing revenue for 2008. No other countries accounted for greater than 10.0% of our total fleet container leasing revenue for the same period. Total fleet container leasing revenue differs from our reported container rental revenue in that total fleet container leasing revenue comprises revenue earned from leases on containers in our total fleet, including revenue earned by our investors from leases on containers in our managed fleet, while our reported container revenue only comprises container leasing revenue associated with our owned fleet. We derive revenue with respect to container leasing revenue associated with our managed fleet from management fees based upon the operating performance of the managed containers.

Revenue from our ten largest container lessees represented 46.4% of the revenue from our container leasing segment for the year ended December 31, 2008, with revenue from our single largest container lessee accounting for 12.0%, or $7.0 million, of revenue from our container leasing segment during such period.

An allowance of $1.0 million has been established against non-performing receivables as of December 31, 2008. For the year ended December 31, 2008, receivable write-offs totaled $85,000.

 

ITEM 8. FINANCIAL STATEMENTS AND SUPPLEMENTARY DATA

The consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule listed under Item 15- Exhibits, Financial Statement Schedules are set forth on the F-pages of this Annual Report on Form 10-K and are incorporated herein by reference.

 

ITEM 9. CHANGES IN AND DISAGREEMENTS WITH ACCOUNTANTS ON ACCOUNTING AND FINANCIAL DISCLOSURE

None.

 

ITEM 9A. CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

Management’s Evaluation of Disclosure Controls and Procedures

In accordance with Rule 13a-15(b) under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, as amended (the “Exchange Act”), we carried out an evaluation, under the supervision and with the participation of our management, including our President and Chief Executive Officer along with our Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of our disclosure controls and procedures (as defined in Rule 13a-14(c) under the Exchange Act) as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K. Based upon their evaluation of these disclosure controls and procedures, our President and Chief Executive Officer along with the Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer concluded, as of the end of the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K, that our disclosure controls and procedures were effective to ensure that information required to be disclosed by us in reports we file under the Exchange Act is recorded, processed, summarized and reported by our management on a timely basis in order to comply with our disclosure obligations under the Exchange Act and the SEC rules thereunder.

 

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Changes in Internal Controls

There were no changes in our internal controls over financial reporting (as such term is defined in Rule 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Exchange Act), during the period covered by this Annual Report on Form 10-K that have materially affected, or are reasonably likely to materially affect, our internal control over financial reporting.

Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting

Our management is responsible for establishing and maintaining adequate internal control over financial reporting (as defined in Rules 13a-15(f) and 15d-15(f) under the Securities and Exchange Act of 1934). Our internal control over financial reporting is a process designed with the participation of our principal executive officer and principal financial officer or persons performing similar functions to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of our financial statements for external reporting purposes in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles.

Our internal control over financial reporting includes policies and procedures that: (a) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect our transactions and dispositions of assets; (b) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles, and that our receipts and expenditures are being made only in accordance with authorizations of our management and Board of Directors; and (c) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use or disposition of our assets that could have a material effect on our financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, our internal controls and procedures may not prevent or detect misstatements. A control system, no matter how well conceived and operated, can only provide reasonable, not absolute, assurance that the objectives of the control system are met. Because of the inherent limitations in all control systems, no evaluation of controls can provide absolute assurance that all control issues and instances of fraud, if any, have been detected. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

As of December 31, 2008, our management, with the participation of our President and Chief Executive Officer and our Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer, conducted an evaluation of the effectiveness of our internal control over financial reporting based on the framework established in Internal Control — Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (“COSO”). Based on this evaluation, management has determined that CAI International Inc.’s internal control over financial reporting is effective as of December 31, 2008.

We excluded CAI Consent Sweden AB (Consent), formerly named Consent Equipment AB, our wholly owned European subsidiary which we acquired on April 30, 2008, from our evaluation of internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008. Consent’s internal controls over financial reporting associated with total assets of $42.8 million and total revenues of $8.3 million included in our consolidated financial statements as of and for the year ended December 31, 2008, are being incorporated within our internal controls and will be tested in 2009.

KPMG LLP, the independent registered public accounting firm that audited our 2008 consolidated financial statements included in this Annual Report on Form 10-K, has issued an attestation report on our internal control over financial reporting. The report appears below.

 

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Stockholders

CAI International, Inc.:

We have audited CAI International, Inc. and Subsidiaries (“the Company”) internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO). CAI International, Inc.’s management is responsible for maintaining effective internal control over financial reporting and for its assessment of the effectiveness of internal control over financial reporting, included in the accompanying Management’s Report on Internal Control over Financial Reporting. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on the Company’s internal control over financial reporting based on our audit.

We conducted our audit in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether effective internal control over financial reporting was maintained in all material respects. Our audit included obtaining an understanding of internal control over financial reporting, assessing the risk that a material weakness exists, and testing and evaluating the design and operating effectiveness of internal control based on the assessed risk. Our audit also included performing such other procedures as we considered necessary in the circumstances. We believe that our audit provides a reasonable basis for our opinion.

A company’s internal control over financial reporting is a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of financial statements for external purposes in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles. A company’s internal control over financial reporting includes those policies and procedures that (1) pertain to the maintenance of records that, in reasonable detail, accurately and fairly reflect the transactions and dispositions of the assets of the company; (2) provide reasonable assurance that transactions are recorded as necessary to permit preparation of financial statements in accordance with generally accepted accounting principles, and that receipts and expenditures of the company are being made only in accordance with authorizations of management and directors of the company; and (3) provide reasonable assurance regarding prevention or timely detection of unauthorized acquisition, use, or disposition of the company’s assets that could have a material effect on the financial statements.

Because of its inherent limitations, internal control over financial reporting may not prevent or detect misstatements. Also, projections of any evaluation of effectiveness to future periods are subject to the risk that controls may become inadequate because of changes in conditions, or that the degree of compliance with the policies or procedures may deteriorate.

In our opinion, the Company maintained, in all material respects, effective internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on criteria established in Internal Control – Integrated Framework issued by COSO.

On April 30, 2008, the Company acquired all of the issued and outstanding capital stock of CAI Consent Sweden AB (Consent), formerly named Consent Equipment AB and management excluded from its assessment of the effectiveness of the Company’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, Consent’s internal control over financial reporting associated with total assets of $42.8 million and total revenues of $8.3 million, included in the consolidated financial statements of the Company as of and for the year ended December 31, 2008. Our audit of internal control over financial reporting of the Company also excluded an evaluation of the internal control over financial reporting of Consent.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the consolidated balance sheets of CAI International, Inc. and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, the related consolidated statements of operations, cumulative redeemable convertible preferred stock and stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the two-year period ended December 31, 2008 and the three months ended December 31, 2006 (Successor periods), and the consolidated statements of operations, cumulative redeemable convertible preferred stock and stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 (Predecessor period), and the related financial statement schedule II, and our report dated March 13, 2009 expressed an unqualified opinion on those consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule.

/s/ KPMG LLP

San Francisco, CA

March 13, 2009

 

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ITEM 9B. OTHER INFORMATION

Not applicable.

PART III

 

ITEM 10. DIRECTORS, EXECUTIVE OFFICERS AND CORPORATE GOVERNANCE

The information required by this item may be found under the sections captioned “Election of Directors,” “Management,” “Corporate Governance Principles and Board Matters” and “Section 16(a) Beneficial Ownership Reporting Compliance” in our Proxy Statement for our 2009 Annual Meeting of Stockholders (the “2009 Proxy Statement”), and such information is incorporated herein by reference. The 2009 Proxy Statement will be filed with the SEC no later than 120 days after the close of our fiscal year ended December 31, 2008.

 

ITEM 11. EXECUTIVE COMPENSATION

The information required by this item may be found under the section captioned “Executive Compensation,” “Compensation Committee Interlocks and Insider Participation” and “Compensation Committee Report” in the 2009 Proxy Statement, which is incorporated herein by reference.

 

ITEM 12. SECURITY OWNERSHIP OF CERTAIN BENEFICIAL OWNERS AND MANAGEMENT AND RELATED STOCKHOLDER MATTERS

The information required by this item may be found under the section captioned “Security Ownership and Certain Beneficial Owners and Management” and “Securities Authorized for Issuance Under Equity Compensation Plans” in the 2009 Proxy Statement, and such information is incorporated herein by reference.

 

ITEM 13. CERTAIN RELATIONSHIPS AND RELATED TRANSACTIONS, AND DIRECTOR INDEPENDENCE

The information required by this item may be found under the section captioned “Related Person Transactions” and “Corporate Governance Principles and Board Matters” in the 2009 Proxy Statement, and such information is incorporated herein by reference, and in Note 9 to our consolidated financial statements.

 

ITEM 14. PRINCIPAL ACCOUNTING FEES AND SERVICES

The information required by this item may be found under the section captioned “Audit Fees” in the 2009 Proxy Statement, and such information is incorporated herein by reference.

 

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PART IV

 

ITEM 15. EXHIBITS, FINANCIAL STATEMENT SCHEDULES

(a)(1) Financial Statements.

The following financial statements are included in Item 8 of this report:

 

     Page

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

   F-2

Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007

   F-3

Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December  31, 2008 and 2007 and the three months ended December 31, 2006 (Successor), and the nine months ended September 30, 2006 (Predecessor)

   F-4

Consolidated Statements of Cumulative Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock and Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 and the three months ended December 31, 2006 (Successor), and the nine months ended September 30, 2006 (Predecessor)

   F-5

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December  31, 2008 and 2007 and the three months ended December 31, 2006 (Successor), and the nine months ended September 30, 2006 (Predecessor)

   F-6

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

   F-7

(a)(2) Financial Statement Schedules.

  

 

The following financial statement schedule for the Company is filed as part of this report:

  

Schedule II—Valuation Accounts

   F-30

Schedules not listed above have been omitted because the information required to be set forth therein is not applicable or is shown in the accompanying Consolidated Financial Statements or notes thereto.

(a)(3) List of Exhibits.

The exhibits used on the accompanying Exhibit Index immediately following the financial statement schedule are filed as part of, or incorporated by reference into, this Annual Report on Form 10-K.

 

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SIGNATURES

Pursuant to the requirements of Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, the Registrant has duly caused this report to be signed on its behalf by the undersigned, thereunto duly authorized.

 

    CAI International, Inc.

Date: March 16, 2009

  By:  

/s/    MASAAKI (JOHN) NISHIBORI        

   

Masaaki (John) Nishibori

President and Chief Executive Officer

Pursuant to the requirements of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, this report has been signed below by the following persons on behalf of the Registrant, in the capacities indicated, on the 16th day of March 2009.

 

Signature

  

Title(s)

/s/    HIROMITSU OGAWA        

Hiromitsu Ogawa

   Executive Chairman

/s/    MASAAKI (JOHN) NISHIBORI        

Masaaki (John) Nishibori

   President and Chief Executive Officer
(Principal Executive Officer), Director

/s/    VICTOR M. GARCIA        

Victor M. Garcia

   Senior Vice President and Chief Financial Officer
(Principal Financial and Accounting Officer)

/s/    MARVIN DENNIS        

Marvin Dennis

   Director

/s/    WILLIAM W. LIEBECK        

William W. Liebeck

   Director

/s/    GARY M. SAWKA        

Gary M. Sawka

   Director

 

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INDEX TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

 

     Page

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

   F-2

Consolidated Balance Sheets at December 31, 2008 and December 31, 2007

   F-3

Consolidated Statements of Operations for the years ended December  31, 2008 and 2007 and the three months ended December 31, 2006 (Successor), and the nine months ended September 30, 2006 (Predecessor)

   F-4

Consolidated Statements of Cumulative Redeemable Convertible Preferred Stock and Stockholders’ Equity for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 and the three months ended December 31, 2006 (Successor), and the nine months ended September 30, 2006 (Predecessor)

   F-5

Consolidated Statements of Cash Flows for the years ended December  31, 2008 and 2007 and the three months ended December 31, 2006 (Successor), and the nine months ended September 30, 2006 (Predecessor)

   F-6

Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements

   F-7

Schedule II—Valuation Accounts

   F-30

 

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Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

The Board of Directors and Stockholders

CAI International, Inc.:

We have audited the accompanying consolidated balance sheets of CAI International, Inc. and Subsidiaries (Successor) as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the related consolidated statements of operations, cumulative redeemable convertible preferred stock and stockholders’ equity, and cash flows for two-year period ended December 31, 2008 and the three months ended December 31, 2006 (Successor Periods). We have also audited the consolidated statements of operations, cumulative redeemable convertible preferred stock and stockholders’ equity, and cash flows of CAI International, Inc. and Subsidiaries (Predecessor) for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 (Predecessor Period). In connection with our audits of the consolidated financial statements, we also have audited the related financial statement schedule II. These consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule are the responsibility of the Company’s management. Our responsibility is to express an opinion on these consolidated financial statements and financial statement schedule based on our audits.

We conducted our audits in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States). Those standards require that we plan and perform the audit to obtain reasonable assurance about whether the financial statements are free of material misstatement. An audit includes examining, on a test basis, evidence supporting the amounts and disclosures in the financial statements. An audit also includes assessing the accounting principles used and significant estimates made by management, as well as evaluating the overall financial statement presentation. We believe that our audits provide a reasonable basis for our opinion.

In our opinion, the aforementioned Successor consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the financial position of CAI International, Inc. and Subsidiaries as of December 31, 2008 and 2007, and the results of their operations and their cash flows for the Successor Periods, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Further, in our opinion, the aforementioned Predecessor consolidated financial statements present fairly, in all material respects, the results of the operations and cash flows of CAI International, Inc. and Subsidiaries for the Predecessor Period, in conformity with U.S. generally accepted accounting principles. Also in our opinion, the related financial statement schedule, when considered in relation to the basic consolidated financial statements taken as a whole, presents fairly, in all material respects, the information set forth therein.

As discussed in Note 2(a) to the consolidated financial statements, effective October 1, 2006, CAI International, Inc. repurchased 50% of its outstanding common stock. The repurchase of stock has been accounted for as a step acquisition and the change in basis has been pushed down to CAI International, Inc.’s consolidated financial statements. As a result of the repurchase of shares, the consolidated financial information for periods after the repurchase is presented on a different basis than that for the periods before the acquisition and, therefore, is not comparable.

We also have audited, in accordance with the standards of the Public Company Accounting Oversight Board (United States), the Successor’s internal control over financial reporting as of December 31, 2008, based on criteria established in Internal Control—Integrated Framework issued by the Committee of Sponsoring Organizations of the Treadway Commission (COSO), and our report dated March 13, 2009 expressed an unqualified opinion on the effectiveness of the Successor’s internal control over financial reporting.

/s/ KPMG LLP

San Francisco, CA

March 13, 2009

 

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CAI INTERNATIONAL, INC.

CONSOLIDATED BALANCE SHEETS

(In thousands, except share information)

 

     December 31,
2008
    December 31,
2007
ASSETS     

Cash

   $ 28,535     $ 8,433

Accounts receivable (owned fleet), net of allowance for doubtful accounts of $1,044 and $530 at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively

     16,224       12,995

Accounts receivable (managed fleet)

     24,683       22,238

Current portion of direct finance leases

     6,108       4,610

Prepaid expenses

     2,954       3,151

Deferred tax assets

     1,924       1,777

Other current assets

     563       224
              

Total current assets

     80,991       53,428

Container rental equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of $86,936 and

    

$86,946 at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively

     310,397       242,606

Net investment in direct finance leases

     14,003       6,356

Furniture, fixtures and equipment, net of accumulated depreciation of

    

$722 and $325 at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively

     629       468

Intangible assets, net of accumulated amortization of $3,081 and $1,548

    

December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively

     6,608       5,994

Goodwill

     —         50,247
              

Total assets

   $ 412,628     $ 359,099
              
LIABILITIES AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY     

Accounts payable

   $ 4,682     $ 3,060

Accrued expenses and other current liabilities

     3,747       1,411

Due to container investors

     23,847       21,075

Unearned revenue

     4,542       3,744

Current portion of capital lease obligation

     4,514       31

Rental equipment payable

     3,905       25,446
              

Total current liabilities

     45,237       54,767

Revolving credit facility

     208,200       147,600

Deferred income tax liability

     25,348       23,720

Capital lease obligation

     18,070       —  

Income taxes payable

     1,983       1,864
              

Total liabilities

     298,838       227,951
              

Stockholders’ equity:

    

Common stock, par value $.0001 per share; authorized 84,000,000 shares; issued and outstanding, 17,920,778 shares and 17,144,977 shares at December 31, 2008 and 2007, respectively

     2       2

Additional paid-in capital

     102,706       90,988

Accumulated other comprehensive income (loss)

     (2,022 )     101

Retained earnings

     13,104       40,057
              

Total stockholders’ equity

     113,790       131,148
              

Total liabilities and stockholders’ equity

   $ 412,628     $ 359,099
              

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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CAI INTERNATIONAL, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF OPERATIONS

(In thousands, except per share data)

 

     Successor           Predecessor  
     Year Ended
December 31,
    Year Ended
December 31,
    Three
Months
Ended
December 31,
          Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
 
     2008     2007     2006           2006  

Revenue:

             

Container rental revenue

   $ 56,436     $ 38,148     $ 9,383          $ 24,228  

Management fee revenue

     11,969       12,663       3,569            8,530  

Gain on sale of container portfolios

     12,443       12,855       5,392            8,365  

Finance lease income

     2,297       1,206       267            927  
                                     

Total revenue

     83,145       64,872       18,611            42,050  
                                     

Operating expenses:

             

Depreciation of container rental equipment

     15,824       8,805       2,360            9,653  

Amortization of intangible assets

     1,534       1,241       307            —    

Impairment of container rental equipment

     331       365       81            270  

Gain on disposition of used container equipment

     (4,155 )     (4,400 )     (747 )          (804 )

Gain on settlement of lease obligation

     —         (780 )     —              —    

Equipment rental expense

     20       961       395            1,187  

Storage, handling and other expenses

     4,854       3,077       779            2,411  

Marketing, general and administrative expenses

     20,215       15,772       3,367            9,014  

Impairment of goodwill

     50,247       —         —              —    

Loss (gain) on foreign exchange

     564       (104 )     22            (47 )
                                     

Total operating expenses

     89,434       24,937       6,564            21,684  
                                     

Operating income (loss)

     (6,289 )     39,935       12,047            20,366  
                                     

Interest expense

     9,346       10,406       3,715            4,183  

Gain on extinguishment of debt

     —         (681 )     —              —    

Interest income

     (229 )     (126 )     (20 )          (37 )
                                     

Net interest expense

     9,117       9,599       3,695            4,146  
                                     

Income (loss) before income taxes

     (15,406 )     30,336       8,352            16,220  

Income tax expense

     11,547       11,102       3,119            5,856  
                                     

Net income (loss)

     (26,953 )     19,234       5,233            10,364  

(Accretion)/decretion of preferred stock

     —         (5,577 )     (6 )          1,464  
                                     

Net income (loss) available to common shareholders

   $ (26,953 )   $ 13,657     $ 5,227          $ 11,828  
                                     

Net income (loss) per share:

             

Basic

   $ (1.55 )   $ 0.93     $ 0.49          $ 0.56  

Diluted

   $ (1.55 )   $ 0.85     $ 0.36          $ 0.48  

Weighted average shares outstanding:

             

Basic

     17,406       14,713       10,584            21,168  

Diluted

     17,406       16,682       16,270            21,735  

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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CAI INTERNATIONAL, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CUMULATIVE REDEEMABLE CONVERTIBLE

PREFERRED STOCK AND STOCKHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(In thousands)

 

    Cumulative Redeemable Convertible
Preferred Stock
    Common stock                          

Predecessor

  Shares     Amount     Note Receivable
on Preferred
Stock
    Shares     Amount     Additional
Paid-In
Capital
    Retained
Earnings
    Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
Income (Loss)
    Total
Stockholders’
Equity
 
                 

Balances as of December 31, 2005

  725       7,465       (1,107 )   21,168       2,520       —         30,519       (44 )     32,995  

Net income

  —         —         —       —         —         —         10,364       —         10,364  

Foreign currency translation adjustment

  —         —         —       —         —         —         —         (4 )     (4 )
                       

Comprehensive income

                    10,360  
                       

Decretion of preferred stock

  —         (1,415 )     (49 )   —         —         —         1,464       —         1,464  
                                                                   

Balances as of September 30, 2006

  725     $ 6,050     $ (1,156 )   21,168     $ 2,520     $ —       $ 42,347     $ (48 )   $ 44,819  
                                                                   
                                                                     

Successor

                                                     

Balances as of September 30, 2006

  725     $ 6,050     $ (1,156 )   21,168     $ 2,520     $ —       $ 42,347     $ (48 )   $ 44,819  

Net income

  —         —         —       —         —         —         5,233       —         5,233  

Foreign currency translation adjustment

  —         —         —       —         —         —         —         143       143  
                       

Comprehensive income

                    5,376  
                       

Repurchase of shares held by Interpool, Inc.

  —         —         —       (10,584 )     (1,260 )     —         (21,174 )     —         (22,434 )

Accretion of preferred stock

  —         22       (16 )   —         —         —         (6 )     —         (6 )
                                                                   

Balances as of December 31, 2006

  725     $ 6,072     $ (1,172 )   10,584     $ 1,260     $ —       $ 26,400     $ 95     $ 27,755  

Net income

  —         —         —       —         —         —         19,234       —         19,234  

Foreign currency translation adjustment

  —         —         —       —         —         —         —         6       6  
                       

Comprehensive income

                    19,240  
                       

Accretion of preferred stock

  —         5,606       (29 )   —         —         —         (5,577 )     —         (5,577 )

Payment of dividend on preferred stock

  —         (804 )     —       —         —         —         —         —         —    

Conversion of preferred stock to common stock

  (725 )     (10,874 )     —       725       —         10,874       —         —         10,874  

Conversion of pre-IPO common stock from no par to par value common stock

  —         —         —       —         (1,260 )     1,260       —         —         —    

Common stock issued at IPO, net of underwriting discount and offering expenses

  —         —         —       5,800       2       78,115       —         —         78,117  

Stock based compensation

  —         —         —       36       —         739       —         —         739  

Collection of note receivable on preferred stock

  —         —         1,201     —         —         —         —         —         —    
                                                                   

Balances as of December 31, 2007

  —       $ —       $ —       17,145     $ 2     $ 90,988     $ 40,057     $ 101     $ 131,148  

Net loss

  —         —         —       —         —         —         (26,953 )     —         (26,953 )

Foreign currency translation adjustment

  —         —         —       —         —         —         —         (2,123 )     (2,123 )
                       

Comprehensive loss

                    (29,076 )
                       

Issuance of common stock, net of underwriting discount and offering expenses

  —         —         —       750       —         10,289       —         —         10,289  

Exercise of stock options

  —         —         —       30       —         478       —         —         478  

Payment of income tax withheld on vested restricted stocks

  —         —         —       (4 )     —         (54 )     —         —         (54 )

Stock based compensation

  —         —         —       —         —         1,005       —         —         1,005  
                                                                   

Balances as of December 31, 2008

  —       $ —       $ —       17,921     $ 2     $ 102,706     $ 13,104     $ (2,022 )   $ 113,790  
                                                                   

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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CAI INTERNATIONAL, INC.

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENTS OF CASH FLOW

(in thousands)

 

    Successor          Predecessor  
    Year Ended
December 31,
2008
    Year Ended
December 31,
2007
    Three Months
Ended
December 31,
2006
         Nine Months
Ended
September 30,
2006
 

Cash flows from operating activities:

           

Net income (loss)

  $ (26,953 )   $ 19,234     $ 5,233         $ 10,364  

Adjustments to reconcile net income (loss) to net cash provided by (used in) operating activities:

           

Depreciation

    16,001       8,932       2,392           9,728  

Amortization of debt issuance costs

    474       601       173           321  

Amortization of intangible assets

    1,534       1,241       307           —    

Impairment of container rental equipment

    331       365       81           270  

Impairment of goodwill

    50,247       —         —             —    

Stock-based compensation expense

    1,005       739       —             —    

Loss (gain) on foreign exchange

    334       (104 )     22           (47 )

Gain on sale of container portfolios

    (12,443 )     (12,855 )     (5,392 )         (8,365 )

Gain on disposition of used container equipment

    (4,155 )     (4,400 )     (747 )         (804 )

Deferred income taxes

    (593 )     (1,642 )     78           405  

Bad debt expense

    687       463       110           383  

Gain on extinguishment of debt

    —         (681 )     —             —    

Gain on settlement of lease obligation

    —         (780 )     —             —    

Changes in other operating assets and liabilities:

           

Accounts receivable

    (4,417 )     (3,904 )     458           (5,478 )

Related party receivables

    —         128       3           24  

Deposits, prepayments and other assets

    27       929       (647 )         (582 )

Accounts payable, accrued expenses and other current liabilities

    2,875       (10,961 )     4,894           4,975  

Due to container investors

    2,772       (575 )     2,933           6,645  

Unearned revenue

    (288 )     3,004       10           28  

Amounts due to affiliate

    —         —         (1,533 )         (5,314 )

Other liabilities

    —         —         —             183  
                                   

Net cash provided by (used in) operating activities

    27,438       (266 )     8,375           12,736  
                                   

Cash flows from investing activities:

           

Purchase of containers

    (189,600 )     (219,530 )     (45,843 )         (89,366 )

Acquisition of Consent Equipment AB, net of cash acquired

    (14,566 )     —         —             —    

Net proceeds from sale of container portfolios

    99,773       113,402       49,252           67,912  

Net proceeds from disposition of used container equipment

    20,357       19,238       3,650           8,683  

Purchase of furniture, fixtures and equipment

    (133 )     (136 )     (9 )         (120 )

Receipt of principal payments from direct financing leases

    6,563       3,991       794           2,959  
                                   

Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities

    (77,606 )     (83,035 )     7,844           (9,932 )
                                   

Cash flows from financing activities:

           

Net proceeds from issuance of common stock

    10,289       78,117       —             —    

Collection of note receivable on preferred stock

    —         1,201       —             —    

Exercise of stock options

    478       —         —             —    

Payment of dividends on preferred stock

    —         (804 )     —             —    

Proceeds from capital lease

    2,944       —         —             —    

Proceeds from bank debt

    134,600       138,100       64,000           124,890  

Principal payments on capital lease

    (3,308 )     (525 )     —             —    

Principal payments made on bank debt

    (74,000 )     (106,250 )     (21,141 )         (116,000 )

Repurchase of CAI common stock held by Interpool

    —         —         (40,104 )         —    

Principal payments made on subordinated note payable

    —         (37,500 )     (3,027 )         (13,798 )

Debt issuance costs

    (340 )     (970 )     —             (1,196 )
                                   

Net cash provided by (used in) financing activities

    70,663       71,369       (272 )         (6,104 )
                                   

Effect on cash of foreign currency translation

    (393 )     6       143           (4 )
                                   

Net increase (decrease) in cash

    20,102       (11,926 )     16,090           (3,304 )

Cash at beginning of the period

    8,433       20,359       4,269           7,573  
                                   

Cash at end of the period

  $ 28,535     $ 8,433     $ 20,359         $ 4,269  
                                   

Supplemental disclosure of cash flow information:

           

Cash paid during the period for:

           

Income taxes

    11,047     $ 20,921     $ 116         $ 44  

Interest

    7,971       11,016       1,405           4,668  

Supplemental disclosure of non-cash investing and financing activity:

           

Conversion of preferred stock to common stock

    —         10,874       —             —    

Transfer of container rental equipment to direct finance lease

    15,116       8,380       —             3,061  

Repurchase of common stock with subordinated convertible note

    —         —         37,500           —    

See accompanying notes to consolidated financial statements.

 

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CAI INTERNATIONAL, INC.

NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(1) The Company and Nature of Operations

CAI International, Inc. (CAI or the Company) was originally incorporated under the name Container Applications International, Inc. in the state of Nevada on August 3, 1989. On February 2, 2007, the Company was reincorporated under its present name in the state of Delaware. The Company operates in the international intermodal marine cargo container leasing business. Within this single industry sector, the Company generates revenue from two reportable segments: container leasing and container management. The container leasing segment specializes primarily in the ownership and leasing of intermodal dry freight standard containers, while the container management segment manages containers for container investors. The Company leases its containers principally to international container shipping lines located throughout the world. The Company sells containers primarily to investor groups and provides management services to those investors in return for a management fee.

The Company completed an initial public offering (“IPO”) of its common stock at $15.00 per share on May 16, 2007, and listed its common stock on the New York Stock exchange under the symbol “CAP”. The Company sold 5.8 million shares of common stock and generated net proceeds of approximately $78.1 million, after deducting underwriting discounts and other offering expenses. The Company used part of the net proceeds from the IPO to pay off its $37.5 million convertible subordinated note payable to Interpool and its $17.5 million term loan outstanding under its senior secured credit facility. The remaining $23.1 million was used to pay a portion of the amount outstanding under the Company’s revolving line of credit under its senior secured credit facility with a consortium of banks.

On September 12, 2007, the Company formed Container Applications Limited (CAI Barbados), a wholly owned subsidiary in Barbados, to facilitate the Company’s international leasing and related business operations.

On April 30, 2008, the Company acquired CAI Consent Sweden AB (Consent), formerly named Consent Equipment AB, a European container and intermodal equipment leasing company, for $14.6 million in cash (net of $1.3 million cash acquired) and the assumption of approximately $25.7 million in debt. Consent is headquartered in Gothenburg, Sweden, and has operations located in Sweden, Germany and the United Kingdom. (See Note 3).

The Company operates its business in 13 offices in 11 countries including the United States, and has agents in Asia, Europe, South Africa, Australia and South America. Its corporate headquarters are located in San Francisco, California.

(2) Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

(a) Basis of Accounting and Principles of Consolidation

The Company utilizes the accrual method of accounting.

The consolidated financial statements include the financial statements of the Company, its wholly owned subsidiaries: Container Applications International Ltd., Container Applications International (U.K.) Ltd., Sky Container Trading, Ltd., Sky Container Leasing, Ltd., Sky Container Trading, Inc., Container Applications (Malaysia) SDN BHD, Container Applications Limited, CAI Consent Sweden AB and its subsidiaries (from May 1, 2008 to December 31, 2008) and our 80% owned subsidiary in Japan, CAIJ Ltd. All significant intercompany balances and transactions have been eliminated in consolidation.

 

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Prior to October 1, 2006, the Company had two principal stockholders, each of whom beneficially owned 50.0% of the Company’s outstanding common stock. These stockholders were the Company’s founder and then Chief Executive Officer (now Executive Chairman), Hiromitsu Ogawa and Interpool Inc. (Interpool). On October 1, 2006, the Company repurchased 10,584,000 shares, or 50.0% of its outstanding common stock, held by Interpool for $77.5 million. In connection with this the Company applied pushdown accounting in accordance with Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 54 (SAB No. 54) and accounted for the purchase as a step acquisition in accordance with Statement of Financial Accounting Standards No. 141, Business Combinations (SFAS No. 141). Accordingly, the Company valued its assets and liabilities as of October 1, 2006 and recognized goodwill of $50.2 million and intangible assets of $7.4 million as a result of such valuation. Due to the application of pushdown accounting and step acquisition accounting in the Company’s financial statements, the Company’s financial condition and results of operations after October 1, 2006 are not comparable in some respects to the Company’s financial condition and results of operations reflected in the Company’s historical financial statements as of dates or for periods ended prior to October 1, 2006. The financial statements prior to October 1, 2006 presented herein which include the consolidated statements of operations, cumulative redeemable convertible preferred stock and stockholders’ equity and cash flows prior to October 1, 2006 relate to the Predecessor company and this period is referred to as the Predecessor period. The financial statements on and subsequent to October 1, 2006 presented herein, which include the consolidated balance sheets, consolidated statements of operations, cumulative redeemable convertible preferred stock and stockholders’ equity and cash flows relate to the Successor company and the period is referred to as the Successor period. A line has been drawn between the accompanying financial statements to distinguish between the pre-repurchase and post-repurchase periods.

(b) Use of Estimates

Certain estimates and assumptions were made by the Company’s management that affect the reported amounts of assets and liabilities and disclosure of contingent assets and liabilities at the date of the financial statements and the reported amounts of revenue and expenses during the reporting periods. Significant items subject to such estimates and assumptions include revenue recognition, allowances for receivables, the carrying amount of container equipment, the residual values and lives of container equipment, impairment of goodwill and intangible assets, the carrying amount and lives of intangible assets, fair value of stock options and income tax uncertainties. Actual results could differ from those estimates.

(c) Furniture, Fixtures, and Equipment

Furniture and equipment, which include furniture, fixtures, office equipment, and software, are depreciated on a straight-line basis over estimated useful lives of five years with no salvage value.

(d) Container Rental Equipment

Prior to October 1, 2006, the Company depreciated its new dry van container rental equipment over an estimated useful life of 12.5 years (using the straight-line method) to fixed residual values of $645 for 20’, $795 for 40’ and $805 for 40’ high cubes. Beginning October 1, 2006 and thereafter, the Company revised its estimate of residual values to $850 for 20’, $950 for 40’ and $1,000 for 40’ high cubes. The change in residual values resulted in a reduction in the Company’s depreciation expense of approximately $1.0 million for the three months ended December 31, 2006. The estimated life of new dry van containers remained unchanged at 12.5 years. Used containers are depreciated over the number of years remaining from their normal useful life of 12.5 years but no less than two years. Used containers that are over 12.5 years of age at the time of purchase are depreciated over two years. No depreciation is recorded on used containers that are purchased at or below their residual values.

 

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Management’s decision to change the residual values of container equipment in 2006 was based on higher sales prices of older used containers over the previous three years and expectation of similar values in future periods. The Company reassesses its estimate of residual value and useful life of containers every year for possible adjustments to those estimates.

The estimated useful life for all other containers remains at 15 years with a residual value of 15% of their original cost.

(e) Impairment of Long-Lived Assets

In accordance with SFAS No. 144, Accounting for the Impairment or Disposal of Long-Lived Assets, the Company’s container rental equipment and intangible assets are reviewed for impairment whenever events or changes in circumstances indicate that the carrying amount of an asset may not be recoverable. Recoverability of assets to be held and used is measured by a comparison of the carrying amount of an asset to estimated undiscounted future cash flows expected to be generated by the asset. If the carrying amount of an asset exceeds its estimated future undiscounted cash flows, an impairment charge is recognized for the amount by which the carrying amount of the asset exceeds the fair value of the asset. Assets to be disposed of are reported at the lower of the carrying amount or fair value less costs to sell, and are no longer depreciated.

Impairment losses on equipment held for sale are included in total operating expenses reported under the container leasing segment of the Company (see Note 16). For the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 and three months ended December 31, 2006, the Successor Company recorded impairment losses of $331,000, $365,000 and $81,000, respectively, on container rental equipment identified for sale. Impairment loss for the Predecessor for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 was $270,000.

(f) Goodwill and Intangible Assets

Goodwill represents the excess of purchase price over the fair value of net assets acquired in a business combination accounted for using the purchase method. Goodwill acquired in a purchase business combination is not amortized, but instead tested for impairment at least annually in accordance with the provisions of FASB Statement No. 142, Goodwill and Other Intangible Assets (SFAS 142).

On October 1, 2006, the Company recorded goodwill of $50.2 million and intangible assets of $7.4 million resulting from the application of push down accounting under SFAS No. 141 in connection with the Company’s repurchase of its common shares of stock held by Interpool (see Note 2(a)). The purchase price for the incremental ownership the Company acquired from Interpool was based on forecasts and assumptions made on future cash flows. Management had determined that the Company is comprised of two reporting units, container leasing and container management, and allocated $13.8 million and $36.4 million of goodwill, respectively, to each segment. The allocation of the purchase price was based on the expected future cash flow contribution of each segment and goodwill for each reporting unit was determined as the difference between the allocated purchase price and the fair value of the net assets of each reporting unit.

Impairment of goodwill is tested at the reporting unit level annually or more frequently if an event or circumstance occurs that would more likely than not reduce the fair value of a reporting unit below its carrying amount. Factors that would suggest a possible impairment include, but are not limited to, significant decrease in the Company’s stock price, material customer losses, an adverse change in the business climate, an adverse action or assessment by a regulator, unanticipated competition or a loss in key personnel. The impairment test is conducted by comparing the reporting unit’s carrying amount, including goodwill, to the fair value of the reporting unit. The annual goodwill impairment test is performed using a combination of the market and income approaches. If the carrying amount of a reporting unit exceeds its fair value, an indication of goodwill impairment exists and a second step is performed to measure the amount of impairment loss, if any. In the application of the impairment testing, the Company is required to make estimates of future operating trends and resulting cash flows and judgments on discount rates and other variables. During the quarter ended December 31, 2008, the Company recorded a goodwill impairment charge of $50.2 million after a test for impairment was completed (see Note 4).

 

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Intangible assets acquired during the repurchase of its common stock held by Interpool and the acquisition of Consent have been allocated either directly to the relevant unit or on the expected future cash flow contribution of each segment. Intangible assets allocated to the container leasing and container management reporting units, net of accumulated amortization, are $3.4 million and $3.2 million, respectively, as of December 31, 2008.

Intangible assets with definite useful lives are amortized over their estimated useful lives. The Company currently amortizes intangible assets on a straight-line basis over their estimated useful lives as follows:

 

Trademarks

   1-10 years

Software

   1-3 years

Contracts-third party

   7 years

Contracts and customer relationships-owned equipment

   5-7 years

Non-compete agreements

   2-3 years

(g) Finance Leases

Interest on finance leases is recognized using the effective interest method. Lease income is recorded in decreasing amounts over the term of the contract, resulting in a level rate of return on the net investment in direct finance leases.

(h) Debt Fees

To the extent that the Company is required to pay issuance fees or direct costs relating to its revolving line of credit, such fees are amortized over the life of the related revolving line of credit using the straight line method and reflected in interest expense. No fees were paid in connection with convertible subordinated debt.

(i) Foreign Currency Translation

The accounts of the Company’s foreign subsidiaries have been converted at rates of exchange in effect at year-end for balance sheet accounts and average exchange rates for the year for income statement accounts. The effects of changes in exchange rates in translating foreign subsidiaries’ financial statements are included in stockholders’ equity as accumulated other comprehensive income.

(j) Accounts Receivable (Owned Fleet)

Amounts billed under operating leases for containers owned by the Company are recorded in accounts receivable (owned fleet). The Company estimates an allowance for doubtful accounts for accounts receivable it does not consider fully collectible. The allowance for doubtful accounts is developed based on two key components: (1) specific reserves for receivables which are impaired for which management believes full collection is doubtful; and (2) a general reserve for estimated losses inherent in the receivables. The general reserve is estimated by applying certain percentages ranging from 1.0% on accounts that are one to thirty days overdue, to 100% on accounts that are one year overdue. The allowance for doubtful accounts is reviewed regularly by management and is based on the risk profile of the receivables, credit quality indicators such as the level of past due amounts and non-performing accounts and economic conditions. The Company’s credit committee meets regularly to assess performance of container lessees and to recommend actions to be taken in order to minimize credit risks. Changes in economic conditions or other events may necessitate additions or deductions to the allowance for doubtful accounts. The allowance is intended to provide for losses inherent in the owned fleet’s accounts receivable, and requires the application of estimates and judgments as to the outcome of collection efforts and the realization of collateral, among other things. Changes in the financial condition of the container lessee or an adverse development in negotiations or legal proceedings to obtain payment could result in the actual loss exceeding the estimated allowance. If the financial condition of container lessees were to deteriorate, reducing their ability to make payments, additional allowances may be required, which would decrease net income in the period of the adjustment.

 

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(k) Income Taxes

Income taxes are accounted for using the asset-and-liability method as specified under SFAS No. 109, Accounting for Income Taxes. Under this method, deferred income taxes are recognized for the future tax consequences of differences between the tax bases of assets and liabilities and their financial reporting amounts at each year-end. Deferred tax assets and liabilities are measured using enacted tax rates expected to apply to taxable income in the years in which those temporary differences are expected to be recovered or settled. Valuation allowances are established when it is more likely than not that deferred tax assets will not be recovered.

In accordance with Financial Accounting Standards Board Interpretation No. (“FIN”) 48, “Accounting for Uncertainty in Income Taxes,” the Company recognizes in the financial statements the impact of a tax position, if that position is more likely than not of being sustained on audit, based on the technical merits of the position. We record penalties and interest within income tax expense. (See Note 8).

(l) Revenue Recognition

The Company provides a range of services to its customers incorporating rental, sale and management of container equipment. Revenue for all forms of service is recognized when earned following the guidelines of SFAS No. 13, Accounting for Leases and Staff Accounting Bulletin No. 104 (SAB 104). Revenue is reported net of any related sales tax.

Container Rental Revenue

Container rental revenue arises from renting containers owned by the Company to various shipping lines. Rental agreements are typically leases with a fixed term of between one and eight years or short-term master lease agreements where there is no term and the equipment can be returned at any time without penalty. Revenue is recorded on an accruals basis for master lease agreements as these agreements have no fixed term. For long-term leases, revenue is recorded on a straight-line basis when earned according to the terms of the container rental contracts. These contracts are classified as operating leases. Early termination of the container rental contracts subjects the lessee to a penalty, which is included in container rental revenue upon such termination.

Included in container rental revenue is revenue consisting primarily of fees charged to the lessee for handling, delivery, repairs, and fees relating to the Company’s damage protection plan, which are recognized as earned.

Management Fee Revenue and Gain on Sale of Container Portfolios

In addition to renting containers, the Company sells leased container portfolios to investor groups. After the date of sale the Company generally manages the container assets sold to the investor group. As these are arrangements with multiple deliverables, the Company evaluates the arrangements under Emerging Issues Task Force Issue No. 00-21, Revenue Arrangements with Multiple Deliverables (EITF 00-21) which addresses accounting for multiple element arrangements. The Company has determined that the two deliverables under the arrangements, the sale of the container and the management services, are separate units of accounting, thus revenue is recognized in accordance with SAB 104 for each unit.

One requirement of EITF 00-21 for the two deliverables to be accounted for as separate units of accounting is that management can determine the fair value of the undelivered item (the management services), when the first item (the sale of containers) is delivered. Assessing fair value evidence requires judgment. In determining fair value the Company has reviewed information from management agreements entered into with container investors on a standalone basis, compared it to information from management agreements entered into with

 

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container investors to whom it concurrently has sold portfolios of containers and determined that the fees charged to container investors who have entered into management agreements on a standalone basis were comparable to the fees charged when the Company entered into management agreements with container investors concurrent with the sales of portfolios of containers. The Company has also reviewed information of other container management companies disclosed in publicly available documents, including investment fund prospectuses and competitor financial statements. Accordingly it was able to determine that the fees charged for its management services were comparable to those charged by other container management companies for the same service. As such, the Company has concluded that evidence exists to support its assessment of the fair value of the management services. However, the Company is one of few companies in the business of selling and managing portfolios of leased containers and in the future data may not be available to support its assessment of fair value. Should fair value evidence not be satisfactory in the future, the gain on sale of container portfolios and the management services may need to be accounted for as one unit of accounting. This would result in the gain on sale of container portfolios being deferred and recognized over the term of the management agreement, which typically ranges from 8 to 10 years, rather than in the period the sale occurs.

Based on the conclusion that the sale of containers and the management services can be accounted for separately, the Company recognizes gain on sale of container portfolios when the sale of the containers is completed. The gain is the difference between the sales price and the net book value of the containers sold.

The Company recognizes revenue from management fees earned under equipment management agreements as earned on a monthly basis. Management fees are typically a percentage of net operating income of each investor group’s fleet calculated on an accruals basis. Included in the Company’s balance sheet are accounts receivable from the managed fleet which are uncollected lease billings related to managed equipment. With the exception of containers managed under pooling agreements, all direct costs (storage, repairs, repositioning etc.) are charged to investors on a specific-identification basis or allocated basis. The Company’s financial statements include accounts payable and accruals of expenses related to managed equipment. The net amount of rentals billed less expenses payable and less management fees is recorded in amounts due to container investors on the balance sheet.

As described above, the Company periodically sells containers to container investors which are generally managed by the Company in return for a management fee. A gain is calculated as the excess of sales proceeds over the net book value of the containers sold. The proceeds from sale of these container portfolios were $99.8 million, $113.4 million and $49.3 million for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 and the three months ended December 31, 2006, respectively, for the Successor, and $67.9 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 for the Predecessor. The gain on sale of container portfolios was $12.4 million, $12.9 million and $5.4 million for the years ended December 31, 2008 and 2007 and the three months ended December 31, 2006, respectively for the Successor, and $8.4 million for the nine months ended September 30, 2006 for the Predecessor.

(m) Stock-Based Compensation

SFAS No. 123(R) Share Based Payment, establishes financial accounting and reporting standards for grants issued after the Statement’s effective date under stock-based employee compensation plans. SFAS No. 123(R) requires all entities to adopt a fair-value-based method of accounting for stock-based compensation plans in which compensation cost is measured at the date the award is granted based on the value of the award and is recognized over the employee service period. The Company adopted SFAS No. 123(R) effective January 1, 2006. Between adoption and the day prior to the Company’s IPO (May 15, 2007), no stock-based awards were granted nor did any previously granted awards vest and, consequently, no stock based compensation expense was recognized during that period. On April 23, 2007, the Company’s board of directors and its stockholders

 

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approved the 2007 Equity Incentive Plan. On May 15, 2007, the Company granted stock options to its officers and directors and restricted common stock to certain management employees and has recognized stock compensation expense in accordance with SFAS 123(R). (See Note 11).

(n) Repairs and Maintenance

The Company’s leases require the lessee to pay for any damage to the container beyond normal wear and tear at the end of the lease term. The Company also offers a damage protection plan (“DPP”) pursuant to which the lessee pays a fee in exchange for not being charged for certain damages at the end of the lease term. The Company accounts for repair and maintenance expense on accrual basis when an obligation to pay has been incurred.

(o) Recent Accounting Pronouncements

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 141R, Business Combinations, to improve the relevance, representational faithfulness, and comparability of the information that a reporting entity provides in its financial reports about a business combination and its effects. To accomplish that objective, SFAS No. 141R establishes principles and requirements for how the acquirer:

 

  a. recognizes and measures in its financial statements the identifiable assets acquired, the liabilities assumed, and any non-controlling interest in the acquiree;

 

  b. recognizes and measures the goodwill acquired in the business combination or a gain from a bargain purchase; and

 

  c. determines what information to disclose to enable users of the financial statements to evaluate the nature and financial effects of the business combination.

SFAS No. 141R applies prospectively to business combinations for which the acquisition date is on or after the beginning of the first annual reporting period beginning on or after December 15, 2008. An entity may not apply it before that date. The Company does not expect the adoption of SFAS No. 141R to have a material effect on its consolidated financial position or results of operations.

In December 2007, the FASB issued SFAS No. 160, Non-Controlling Interests in Consolidated Financial Statements-An Amendment of ARB No. 51. The objective of this statement is to improve the relevance, comparability and transparency of the financial information that a reporting entity provides in its consolidated financial statements by establishing accounting and reporting standards relating to ownership interests in subsidiaries held by parties other than the parent, the amount of consolidated net income attributable to the parent and to the non-controlling interest, changes in a parent’s ownership interest, measurement of gain or loss on the deconsolidation of a subsidiary, and disclosure requirements to clearly identify and distinguish between the interests of the parent and the interests of the non-controlling owners. The statement applies to all entities that prepare consolidated financial statements, except not-for profit organizations, but will affect only those entities that have outstanding non-controlling interests in one or more subsidiaries or that deconsolidate a subsidiary. The statement is effective for fiscal years beginning on or after December 15, 2008. The Company does not expect the adoption of SFAS No. 160 to have a material effect on its consolidated financial position or results of operations.

On February 12, 2008, the FASB issued FSP No. 157-2, Effective Date of FASB Statement No. 157, which delays the effective date of SFAS No. 157, Fair Value Measurement, to fiscal years beginning after November 15, 2008, for nonfinancial assets and nonfinancial liabilities, except for items that are recognized or disclosed at fair value in an entity’s financial statements on a recurring basis (at least annually). The Company has elected to defer the implementation of SFAS No. 157 for non-financial assets and liabilities in accordance

 

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with FSP No. 157-2. After the deferral, SFAS No. 157 will be applicable to impairment and business combination accounting. The Company does not have material financial assets or liabilities nor non-financial assets outside the scope of FSP No. 157-2.

In March 2008, the FASB issued SFAS No. 161, Disclosures about Derivative Instruments and Hedging Activities- An amendment of SFAS No. 133. This statement requires enhanced disclosures about an entity’s derivative and hedging activities with the objective of improving the transparency of financial reporting. This statement is effective for financial statements issued for fiscal years and interim periods beginning after November 15, 2008, with early application encouraged. The adoption of this pronouncement is not expected to have a significant impact on the Company’s financial reporting as the amount of the Company’s derivative activities is not material. (See Note 7(c) ).