Form 10-Q
Table of Contents

 

 

UNITED STATES

SECURITIES AND EXCHANGE COMMISSION

Washington, D.C. 20549

 

 

FORM 10-Q

(Mark One)

 

  x QUARTERLY REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the quarterly period ended September 30, 2009

or

 

  ¨ TRANSITION REPORT PURSUANT TO SECTION 13 OR 15(d) OF THE SECURITIES EXCHANGE ACT OF 1934

For the transition period from                      to                     

Commission File No. 001-07511

 

 

STATE STREET CORPORATION

(Exact name of registrant as specified in its charter)

 

Massachusetts   04-2456637

(State or other jurisdiction

of incorporation)

  (I.R.S. Employer Identification No.)

One Lincoln Street

Boston, Massachusetts

  02111
(Address of principal executive office)   (Zip Code)

617-786-3000

(Registrant’s telephone number, including area code)

 

 

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant (1) has filed all reports required to be filed by Section 13 or 15(d) of the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to file such reports), and (2) has been subject to such filing requirements for the past 90 days.    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant has submitted electronically and posted on its corporate Web site, if any, every Interactive Date File required to be submitted and posted pursuant to Rule 405 of Regulation S-T (§ 232.405 of this chapter) during the preceding 12 months (or for such shorter period that the registrant was required to submit and post such files).    Yes  x    No  ¨

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a large accelerated filer, an accelerated filer, a non-accelerated filer or a smaller reporting company. See the definitions of “large accelerated filer,” “accelerated filer” and “smaller reporting company” in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act. (Check one):

Large accelerated filer  x    Accelerated filer  ¨    Non-accelerated filer  ¨    Smaller reporting company  ¨

(Do not check if a smaller reporting company)

Indicate by check mark whether the registrant is a shell company (as defined in Rule 12b-2 of the Exchange Act).    Yes  ¨    No  x

The number of shares of State Street’s common stock outstanding on October 30, 2009 was 494,665,224

 

 

 


Table of Contents

STATE STREET CORPORATION

Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the Quarterly Period Ended September 30, 2009

Table of Contents

 

     Page

PART I. FINANCIAL INFORMATION

  

Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations

   2

Quantitative and Qualitative Disclosures About Market Risk

   42

Controls and Procedures

   42

Consolidated Statement of Income (Unaudited) for the three and nine months ended September  30, 2009 and 2008

   44

Consolidated Statement of Condition as of September 30, 2009 (Unaudited) and December 31, 2008

   45

Consolidated Statement of Changes in Shareholders’ Equity (Unaudited) for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008

   46

Consolidated Statement of Cash Flows (Unaudited) for the nine months ended September 30, 2009 and 2008

   47

Condensed Notes to Consolidated Financial Statements (Unaudited)

   48

Report of Independent Registered Public Accounting Firm

   93

FORM 10-Q PART I CROSS-REFERENCE INDEX

   94

PART II. OTHER INFORMATION

  

Legal Proceedings

   95

Exhibits

   96

SIGNATURES

   97

EXHIBIT INDEX

   98


Table of Contents

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL

CONDITION AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

GENERAL

State Street Corporation is a financial holding company headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. Through its subsidiaries, including its principal banking subsidiary, State Street Bank and Trust Company, which we refer to as State Street Bank, State Street Corporation provides a full range of products and services to meet the needs of institutional investors worldwide. Unless otherwise indicated or unless the context requires otherwise, all references in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis to “State Street,” “we,” “us,” “our” or similar terms mean State Street Corporation and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis. All references in this Form 10-Q to the parent company are to State Street Corporation. At September 30, 2009, we had consolidated total assets of $163.28 billion, consolidated total deposits of $91.77 billion, consolidated total shareholders’ equity of $13.44 billion and employed 27,130.

Our customers include mutual funds, collective investment funds and other investment pools, corporate and public retirement plans, insurance companies, foundations, endowments and investment managers. Our two lines of business, Investment Servicing and Investment Management, provide products and services including custody, recordkeeping, daily pricing and administration, shareholder services, foreign exchange, brokerage and other trading services, securities finance, deposit and short-term investment facilities, loan and lease financing, investment manager and hedge fund manager operations outsourcing, performance, risk and compliance analytics, investment research and investment management, including passive and active U.S. and non-U.S. equity and fixed-income strategies. We had $17.94 trillion of assets under custody and administration (including $13.26 trillion of assets under custody) and $1.74 trillion of assets under management at September 30, 2009. Information about these assets, and financial information about our business lines, is provided in the “Consolidated Results of Operations—Total Revenue” and “Line of Business Information” sections of this Management’s Discussion and Analysis.

This Management’s Discussion and Analysis is part of our Quarterly Report on Form 10-Q for the third quarter of 2009 which we filed with the SEC, and updates the Management’s Discussion and Analysis in our Annual Report on Form 10-K for the year ended December 31, 2008, which we refer to as the 2008 Form 10-K, and in our Quarterly Reports on Form 10-Q for the quarters ended March 31, 2009 and June 30, 2009. We previously filed these reports with the SEC. You should read the financial information in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis and elsewhere in this Form 10-Q in conjunction with the financial information contained in those reports. Certain previously reported amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period classifications as presented in this Form 10-Q.

We prepare our consolidated financial statements in accordance with United States generally accepted accounting principles, which we refer to as GAAP, and which require management to make judgments in the application of its accounting policies that involve significant estimates and assumptions about the effect of matters that are inherently uncertain. Accounting policies considered by management to be relatively more significant in this respect are accounting for the fair value of financial instruments, special purpose entities, and goodwill and other intangible assets. Additional information about these accounting policies is included in the “Significant Accounting Estimates” section of Management’s Discussion and Analysis in our 2008 Form 10-K. Although no significant changes were made to these accounting policies during the first nine months of 2009, we have provided updated information with respect to our accounting for the fair value of financial instruments in the “Fair Value Measurements” section of this Management’s Discussion and Analysis.

Certain financial information provided in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis has been prepared on both a GAAP basis and a non-GAAP basis, the latter of which we refer to as “operating” basis. Management measures and compares certain financial information on an operating basis, as it believes this presentation supports meaningful comparisons from period to period and the analysis of comparable financial trends with respect to State Street’s normal ongoing business operations.

 

2


Table of Contents

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)

 

Management believes that operating-basis financial information, which reports revenue from non-taxable sources on a fully taxable-equivalent basis and excludes the impact of revenue and expenses outside of the normal course of our business, facilitates an investor’s understanding and analysis of State Street’s underlying financial performance and trends in addition to financial information prepared in accordance with GAAP.

FORWARD-LOOKING STATEMENTS

This Form 10-Q, particularly this Management’s Discussion and Analysis, contains statements that are considered “forward-looking” within the meaning of U.S. securities laws, including statements about industry trends, management’s future expectations and other matters that do not relate strictly to historical facts, are based on assumptions by management, and are often identified by such forward-looking terminology as “expect,” “look,” “believe,” “anticipate,” “estimate,” “seek,” “may,” “will,” “trend,” “target” and “goal,” or similar terms or variations of such terms. Forward-looking statements may include, among other things, statements about State Street’s confidence in its strategies and its expectations about its financial performance, market growth, acquisitions and divestitures, new technologies, services and opportunities, the outcome of legal proceedings and its earnings.

Forward-looking statements are subject to various risks and uncertainties, which change over time, are based on management’s expectations and assumptions at the time the statements are made, and are not guarantees of future results. Management’s expectations and assumptions, and the continued validity of the forward-looking statements, are subject to change due to a broad range of factors affecting the national and global economies, the equity, debt, currency and other financial markets, as well as factors specific to State Street and its subsidiaries. Factors that could cause changes in the expectations or assumptions on which forward-looking statements are based include, but are not limited to:

 

   

financial market disruptions and the economic recession, whether in the U.S. or internationally, and monetary and other governmental actions designed to address such disruptions and recession, including actions taken in the U.S. and internationally to address the financial and economic disruptions that began in 2007;

 

   

increases in the potential volatility of, or declines in the levels of, our net interest revenue, changes in the composition of the assets on our consolidated balance sheet and the possibility that we may be required to change the manner in which we fund those assets;

 

   

the financial strength and continuing viability of the counterparties with which we or our customers do business and to which we have investment, credit or financial exposure;

 

   

the liquidity of the U.S. and international securities markets, particularly the markets for fixed-income securities, and the liquidity requirements of our customers;

 

   

the credit quality, credit agency ratings, and fair values of the securities in our investment securities portfolio, a deterioration or downgrade of which could lead to other-than-temporary impairment of the respective securities and the income statement recognition of an impairment loss;

 

   

the maintenance of credit agency ratings for our debt and depository obligations as well as the level of credibility of credit agency ratings;

 

   

the possibility of our customers incurring substantial losses in investment pools where we act as agent, and the possibility of further general reductions in the valuation of assets;

 

   

our ability to attract deposits and other low-cost, short-term funding;

 

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Table of Contents

MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)

 

   

potential changes to the competitive environment, including changes due to the effects of consolidation, extensive and changing government regulation and perceptions of State Street as a suitable service provider or counterparty;

 

   

the level and volatility of interest rates and the performance and volatility of securities, credit, currency and other markets in the U.S. and internationally;

 

   

our ability to measure the fair value of the investment securities on our consolidated balance sheet;

 

   

the results of litigation, government investigations and similar disputes and, in particular, the effect of current or potential proceedings concerning State Street Global Advisors’, or SSgA’s, active fixed-income strategies and other investment products, including the potential for monetary damages and negative consequences for our business and our reputation arising from the previously reported “Wells” notice we received from the SEC;

 

   

the enactment of legislation and changes in regulation and enforcement that impact us and our customers;

 

   

adverse publicity or other reputational harm;

 

   

our ability to pursue acquisitions, strategic alliances and divestures, finance future business acquisitions and obtain regulatory approvals and consents for acquisitions;

 

   

the performance and demand for the products and services we offer, including the level and timing of withdrawals from our collective investment products;

 

   

our ability to grow revenue, attract and retain highly skilled people, control expenses and attract the capital necessary to achieve our business goals and comply with regulatory requirements;

 

   

our ability to control operating risks, information technology systems risks and outsourcing risks, the possibility of errors in the quantitative models we use to manage our business and the possibility that our controls will fail or be circumvented;

 

   

the potential for new products and services to impose additional costs on us and expose us to increased operational risk, and our ability to protect our intellectual property rights;

 

   

changes in government regulation or new legislation, which may increase our costs, expose us to risk related to compliance or impact our customers;

 

   

changes in accounting standards and practices; and

 

   

changes in tax legislation and in the interpretation of existing tax laws by U.S. and non-U.S. tax authorities that impact the amount of taxes due.

Therefore, actual outcomes and results may differ materially from what is expressed in our forward-looking statements and from our historical financial results due to the factors discussed in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis and elsewhere in this Form 10-Q or disclosed in our other SEC filings. Forward-looking statements should not be relied upon as representing our expectations or beliefs as of any time subsequent to the time this Form 10-Q is filed with the SEC. State Street undertakes no obligation to revise the forward-looking statements contained in this Form 10-Q to reflect events after the time it is filed with the SEC. The factors discussed above are not intended to be a complete summary of all risks and uncertainties that may affect our businesses. We cannot anticipate all potential economic, operational and financial developments that may adversely affect our operations and our financial results.

 

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)

 

Forward-looking statements should not be viewed as predictions, and should not be the primary basis upon which investors evaluate State Street. Any investor in State Street should consider all risks and uncertainties disclosed in our SEC filings, including our filings under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934, in particular our reports on Form 10-K, Form 10-Q and Form 8-K, including the risk factors disclosure provided in our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 18, 2009, or registration statements filed under the Securities Act of 1933, all of which are accessible on the SEC’s website at www.sec.gov or on our website at www.statestreet.com.

OVERVIEW OF FINANCIAL RESULTS

 

     Quarters Ended September 30,     Nine Months Ended September 30,  
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)    2009     2008     % Change     2009     2008     % Change  

Total fee revenue

   $ 1,471      $ 1,899      (23 )%    $ 4,409      $ 5,866      (25 )% 

Net interest revenue

     723        525      38        1,867        1,807      3   

Gains (Losses) related to investment securities, net

     42        (3       84        (3  

Gain on sale of CitiStreet, net of exit and other associated costs

            350                 350     
                                    

Total revenue

     2,236        2,771      (19     6,360        8,020      (21

Provision for loan losses

     16                 114            

Expenses:

            

Expenses from operations

     1,472        1,895      (22     4,111        5,452      (25

Provision for legal exposure

     250        —            250        —       

Merger and integration costs

     11        30      (63     40        88      (55
                                    

Total expenses

     1,733        1,925      (10     4,401        5,540      (21
                                    

Income before income tax expense and extraordinary loss

     487        846      (42     1,845        2,480      (26

Income tax expense

     160        369          540        925     
                                    

Income before extraordinary loss

     327        477      (31     1,305        1,555      (16

Extraordinary loss, net of taxes

                     (3,684         
                                    

Net income (loss)

   $ 327      $ 477        $ (2,379   $ 1,555     
                                    

Adjustments to net income (loss)(1)

                     (163         
                                    

Net income before extraordinary loss available to common shareholders

   $ 327      $ 477      (31   $ 1,142      $ 1,555      (27
                                    

Net income (loss) available to common shareholders

   $ 327      $ 477        $ (2,542   $ 1,555     
                                    

Earnings per common share before extraordinary loss:

            

Basic

   $ .66      $ 1.11        $ 2.48      $ 3.82     

Diluted

     .66        1.09          2.45        3.78     

Earnings (loss) per common share:

            

Basic

   $ .66      $ 1.11        $ (5.47   $ 3.82     

Diluted

     .66        1.09          (5.45     3.78     

Average common shares outstanding
(in thousands):

            

Basic

     493,453        430,872          462,900        407,186     

Diluted

     498,290        435,030          466,234        411,204     

Cash dividends declared

     .01        .24          .03        .71     

Return on common shareholders’ equity(2)

     10.2     13.6       12.8     16.8  

 

(1)

Adjustments are described in note 17 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q.

(2)

For the nine months ended September 30, 2009, return on common shareholders’ equity was determined by dividing annualized net income before extraordinary loss available to common shareholders by average common shareholders’ equity for the period.

 

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)

 

Recent Developments

In 2007, we established a reserve to address legal exposure associated with certain active fixed-income strategies and customer concerns as to whether the execution of these strategies was consistent with the customers’ investment intent. On June 25, 2009, the Staff of the SEC provided State Street Bank with a “Wells” notice related to the SEC’s ongoing investigation into disclosures and management by SSgA of these active fixed-income strategies during 2007 and prior periods. While the Wells notice relates to the same events from 2007, the reserve as initially established did not contemplate any governmental proceedings with respect to such matters. Since the receipt of the Wells notice, we have been in discussions with the SEC and other governmental authorities regarding a potential settlement of this matter, which discussions have accelerated since the end of the third quarter of 2009.

Based on our discussions with the SEC and other regulatory authorities to date, we have determined that it is appropriate to increase, as of September 30, 2009, our previously established reserve by $250 million to take into account such a potential settlement with these governmental authorities and the other ongoing litigation related to the active fixed-income strategies. Consequently, we have adjusted our reported financial results for the third quarter of 2009, to reflect a provision for legal exposure of $250 million, or $0.38 per share, from net income of $516 million, or $1.04 per share, to net income of $327 million, or $0.66 per share. After adjustment for the provision, the reserve totaled approximately $443 million at September 30, 2009.

While we have determined that it is appropriate to increase our reserve for the active fixed-income matter, we have not entered into a settlement agreement with the SEC or any other regulator at this time, and there can be no assurance that we will do so in the future. In addition, we recently entered into a settlement of the purported class action with respect to ERISA participants in the active fixed-income strategies. The proposed settlement, which totals $89.75 million, is subject to court approval, and as such has not been deducted from the aforementioned reserve as of September 30, 2009.

Additional information with respect to the Wells notice and the reserve is provided in note 8 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q.

Financial Highlights

For the third quarter of 2009, we recorded net income of $327 million, or $0.66 per diluted common share, compared to $477 million, or $1.09 per diluted share, for the third quarter of 2008. Return on common shareholders’ equity was 10.2% compared to 13.6% for the third quarter of 2008. The results for the third quarter of 2009 reflected the aforementioned additional provision for legal exposure of $250 million, or $0.38 per share.

Total revenue for the third quarter of 2009 decreased 19% compared to the third quarter of 2008, with total fee revenue down 23%. Generally, all fee revenue types were down compared to the prior-year quarter, reflecting the impact of the global financial markets decline. Servicing fee and management fee revenue were down 14% and 16%, respectively, compared to generally similar declines in equity market valuations over the same period as measured by the published indices presented in the “INDEX” table in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis on page 9. Trading services revenue decreased primarily as a result of lower foreign exchange volatility and trading volumes, partly offset by an increase in brokerage fees. Securities finance revenue decreased primarily as a result of compressed rate spreads and lower lending volumes.

 

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)

 

Net interest revenue increased 38% for the third quarter of 2009 compared to the prior-year third quarter, or 37% on a fully taxable-equivalent basis ($754 million compared to $550 million, reflecting tax-equivalent adjustments of $31 million and $25 million, respectively), with a related increase in net interest margin of 64 basis points. The increase was the result of $279 million of discount accretion associated with investment securities added in connection with the May 2009 consolidation of the State Street-administered asset-backed commercial paper conduits. This increase was partly offset by decreases in interest-bearing deposit volumes and related interest-rate spreads, reflecting relatively more stable market conditions compared to 2008, as well as the negative impact of lower rates on the yields of floating-rate assets.

We recorded provisions for loan losses of $16 million and $114 million during the third quarter and first nine months of 2009, respectively, of which $98 million related to commercial real estate loans purchased in 2008 pursuant to indemnified repurchase agreements, reflecting management’s revised expectation of future principal and interest cash flows with respect to certain of the commercial real estate loans. Management’s change in expectation with respect to these loans resulted primarily from its assessment of the impact of deteriorating economic conditions in the commercial real estate markets on certain of these loans during the period.

Total expenses decreased 10% to $1.73 billion for the third quarter of 2009 compared to the 2008 quarter, primarily the result of a 20% reduction in salaries and benefits expense. The decrease in salaries and benefits expense was attributable to the impact of our previously announced reduction in force, as well as lower accruals of incentive compensation in 2009. The decrease in total expenses also reflected the impact of lower transaction processing expenses, securities processing costs and professional fees. Expenses for the third quarter of 2009 included $11 million of merger and integration costs associated with the 2007 acquisition of Investors Financial, compared to $30 million for the third quarter of 2008.

At September 30, 2009, we had aggregate assets under custody and administration of $17.94 trillion, which increased $2.03 trillion, or 13%, from $15.91 trillion at December 31, 2008, and decreased $512 billion, or 3%, from $18.45 trillion at September 30, 2008. At September 30, 2009, we had aggregate assets under management of $1.74 trillion, which increased $291 billion, or 20%, from $1.44 trillion at December 31, 2008, and increased $49 billion, or 3%, from $1.69 trillion at September 30, 2008. The slight decrease in servicing assets from September 30, 2008 to September 30, 2009 was primarily associated with the global financial markets decline and related declines in asset valuations. The increase in servicing assets from December 31, 2008 reflected additions of new asset servicing business and increases in asset valuations. The increase in assets under management from December 31, 2008 resulted from net new business and increases in asset valuations.

During the first nine months of 2009, we generated approximately $626 billion of gross new business in assets to be serviced, for which we will provide various services including accounting, fund administration, custody, foreign exchange, transition management, currency management, securities finance, transfer agency, performance analytics, compliance reporting and monitoring, hedge fund servicing and private equity administration, and investment manager operations outsourcing. With respect to this new business, we expect to earn fee revenue in future periods as we begin to service the assets.

During the first nine months of 2009, we generated approximately $106 billion of net new business in assets to be managed, for which we will provide various asset management services including passive index strategies and exchange-traded funds. With respect to this new business, we expect to earn fee revenue in future periods as we manage the customer assets.

 

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)

 

Our effective tax rates for the third quarter and first nine months of 2009 were 32.8% and 29.3%, respectively, compared to 43.7% and 37.3% for the same periods in 2008. Refer to note 16 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q for additional information with respect to the change in the effective rates.

CONSOLIDATED RESULTS OF OPERATIONS

This section discusses our consolidated results of operations for the third quarter and first nine months of 2009 compared to the same periods in 2008, and should be read in conjunction with the consolidated financial statements and accompanying condensed notes included elsewhere in this Form 10-Q.

TOTAL REVENUE

 

     Quarters Ended September 30,     Nine Months Ended September 30,  
(Dollars in millions)    2009    2008     % Change         2009            2008         % Change  

Fee revenue:

              

Servicing fees

   $ 833    $ 966      (14 )%    $ 2,394    $ 2,903      (18 )% 

Management fees

     219      261      (16     593      819      (28

Trading services

     269      363      (26     824      1,049      (21

Securities finance

     105      246      (57     487      901      (46

Processing fees and other

     45      63      (29     111      194      (43
                                  

Total fee revenue

     1,471      1,899      (23     4,409      5,866      (25

Net interest revenue:

              

Interest revenue

     898      1,027      (13     2,409      3,452      (30

Interest expense

     175      502      (65     542      1,645      (67
                                  

Net interest revenue

     723      525      38        1,867      1,807      3   

Gains (Losses) related to investment securities, net

     42      (3       84      (3  

Gain on sale of CitiStreet interest, net of exit and other associated costs

          350               350     
                                  

Total revenue

   $ 2,236    $ 2,771      (19   $ 6,360    $ 8,020      (21
                                  

Fee Revenue

Servicing and management fees collectively comprised approximately 72% and 68% of our total fee revenue for the third quarter and first nine months of 2009 compared to approximately 65% and 63%, respectively, for each of the corresponding prior-year periods. These fees are a function of several factors, including the mix and volume of assets under custody and administration and assets under management, securities positions held and the volume of portfolio transactions, and the types of products and services used by customers, and are affected by changes in worldwide equity and fixed-income valuations.

Generally, servicing fees are affected, in part, by changes in daily average valuations of assets under custody and administration, while management fees are affected by changes in month-end valuations of assets under management. Additional factors, such as the level of transaction volumes, changes in service level, balance credits, customer minimum balances, pricing concessions and other factors, may have a significant effect on servicing fee revenue. Generally, management fee revenue is more sensitive to market valuations than servicing fee revenue. Management fees also include performance fees, which are generated when the performance of certain managed funds exceeds benchmarks specified in the management agreements. We experience more volatility with performance fees than with more traditional management fees.

 

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)

 

In light of the above, we estimate, assuming all other factors remain constant, that a 10% increase or decrease in worldwide equity values would result in a corresponding change in our total revenue of approximately 2%. If fixed-income security values were to increase or decrease by 10%, we would anticipate a corresponding change of approximately 1% in our total revenue. We would expect the foregoing relationships to exist in normalized financial markets. These relationships were not experienced in 2008 or in the first nine months of 2009, in light of the global financial markets disruption that began in 2007. These disrupted conditions adversely affected our servicing and management fee revenues for 2008 and for the first nine months of 2009, which are based, in part, on the value of assets under custody and administration or assets under management as described earlier in this section. In addition, our revenues from trading services and securities finance during the first nine months of 2009 were adversely affected by the reduction during 2009 of the significant volatility in the financial markets which was experienced in 2008 and which resulted from the aforementioned disruption. Even though the market disruption lessened during this year’s third quarter, the impact of market conditions on our total revenue was more significant then we would anticipate in normalized markets.

The following table presents selected equity market indices for the quarters ended September 30, 2009 and 2008. Daily averages and the averages of month-end indices demonstrate worldwide changes in equity market valuations that affect servicing and management fee revenue, respectively. Quarter-end indices affect the value of assets under custody and administration and assets under management at those dates. The index names listed in the table are service marks of their respective owners.

INDEX

 

     Daily Averages of Indices     Average of Month-End Indices     Quarter-End Indices  
     2009    2008    Change         2009            2008            Change         2009    2008    Change  

S&P 500®

   996    1,252    (20 )%    1,022    1,239    (18 )%    1,057    1,166    (9 )% 

NASDAQ®

   1,984    2,291    (13   2,037    2,262    (10   2,122    2,092    1   

MSCI EAFE®

   1,440    1,802    (20   1,492    1,759    (15   1,553    1,553      

Servicing Fees

Servicing fees are derived from custody, product-and participant-level accounting, daily pricing and administration; recordkeeping; investment manager and hedge fund manager operations outsourcing; master trust and master custody; and performance, risk and compliance analytics. The respective 14% and 18% decreases in servicing fees in the quarterly and nine-month comparisons were primarily attributable to the impact of declines in daily average equity market valuations. The following tables set forth the composition of assets under custody and administration, as well as the composition of assets under custody included in these aggregate amounts.

 

     Assets Under Custody and Administration    Assets Under Custody(1)
(in billions)    September 30,
2009
   December 31,
2008
   September 30,
2008
   September 30,
2009
   December 31,
2008
   September 30,
2008

Mutual funds

   $ 4,582    $ 4,093    $ 4,731    $ 4,408    $ 3,896    $ 4,457

Collective funds

     3,455      2,679      3,376      2,574      2,173      2,745

Pension products

     4,160      3,621      4,608      3,186      2,784      3,571

Insurance and other products

     5,738      5,514      5,732      3,092      3,188      3,272
                                         

Total

   $ 17,935    $ 15,907    $ 18,447    $ 13,260    $ 12,041    $ 14,045
                                         

 

(1)

Assets under custody are included in the amounts of assets under custody and administration presented for each period-end.

 

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     Assets Under Custody and Administration    Assets Under Custody(1)

Financial Instrument Mix

(in billions)

   September 30,
2009
   December 31,
2008
   September 30,
2008
   September 30,
2009
   December 31,
2008
   September 30,
2008

Equities

   $ 7,916    $ 6,691    $ 8,814    $ 5,803    $ 5,003    $ 6,722

Fixed-income

     7,077      6,689      6,720      5,364      5,014      5,125

Short-term and other investments

     2,942      2,527      2,913      2,093      2,024      2,198
                                         

Total

   $ 17,935    $ 15,907    $ 18,447    $ 13,260    $ 12,041    $ 14,045
                                         

 

(1)

Assets under custody are included in the amounts of assets under custody and administration presented for each period-end.

Management Fees

The 16% and 28% decreases in management fees for the third quarter and first nine months of 2009, respectively, compared to the third quarter and first nine months of 2008, primarily resulted from declines in average month-end equity market valuations as well as the shift in managed-asset composition from active to passive strategies. Average month-end equity market valuations, individually presented in the foregoing “INDEX” table, were lower for the third quarter of 2009 compared to the third quarter of 2008. The relative percentage of our assets under management at September 30, 2009 related to passive equity and fixed-income strategies, which generally earn management fees at lower rates compared to active strategies, increased compared to September 30, 2008.

Assets under management consisted of the following:

 

ASSETS UNDER MANAGEMENT

(In billions)

   September 30,
2009
   December 31,
2008
   September 30,
2008

Equities:

        

Passive

   $ 730    $ 576    $ 685

Active and other

     93      91      125

Company stock/ESOP

     48      39      52
                    

Total equities

     871      706      862

Fixed-income:

        

Passive

     324      238      200

Active

     24      32      28

Cash and money market

     516      468      596
                    

Total fixed-income and cash and money market

     864      738      824
                    

Total

   $ 1,735    $ 1,444    $ 1,686
                    

 

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The following table presents a roll-forward of assets under management for the twelve months ended September 30, 2009:

 

ASSETS UNDER MANAGEMENT

(In billions)

      

September 30, 2008

   $ 1,686   

Net new business(1)

     (50

Market appreciation (depreciation)

     (192
        

December 31, 2008

   $ 1,444   

Net new business(1)

     106   

Market appreciation (depreciation)

     185   
        

September 30, 2009

   $ 1,735   
        

 

(1)

Net new business is measured as the aggregate value of new asset management business added net of asset management business lost during the period.

Trading Services

Trading services revenue, which includes foreign exchange trading revenue and brokerage and other trading fees, decreased 26% in the third quarter of 2009 compared to the third quarter of 2008 and decreased 21% in the nine-month comparison. The levels of trading services revenue generated in 2008, particularly foreign exchange revenue, were associated with significant volatility in the financial markets, which during that year were highly disrupted. The return of the markets to more normalized levels during 2009 negatively affected trading services revenue compared to 2008, particularly in this year’s third quarter. Foreign exchange trading revenue for the third quarter and first nine months of 2009 totaled $152 million and $533 million, respectively, down 41% and 29% from $258 million and $750 million, respectively, for the corresponding prior-year periods. The quarterly decrease was primarily the result of the impact of a 15% decrease in currency volatility and a 9% decline in aggregate customer volumes, with volumes down in both custody foreign exchange services and foreign exchange trading and sales. The nine-month decrease was primarily the result of the impact of an 18% decline in aggregate customer volumes, with volumes down in both custody foreign exchange services and foreign exchange trading and sales, partly offset by the effect of a 36% increase in currency volatility.

Brokerage and other trading fees totaled $117 million for the third quarter of 2009, up 11% from $105 million for the third quarter of 2008, the result of higher levels of fees related to electronic trading and higher levels of trading profits. For the first nine months of 2009, brokerage and other trading fees were $291 million, down 3% from $299 million for the first nine months of 2008, primarily due to a decline in trading profits that more than offset higher levels of fees from electronic trading.

Securities Finance

Securities finance revenue for the third quarter of 2009 decreased 57% compared to the third quarter of 2008 and 46% in the nine-month comparison. The decreases in both comparisons were primarily due to lower spreads and the impact of respective 36% and 39% declines in the average volume of securities on loan.

Beginning in the third quarter of 2008, a number of institutional investors suspended or limited their participation in our securities lending program, resulting in lower lendable volumes relative to prior periods. In

 

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addition, during 2008, we experienced significant withdrawal activity from the underlying collateral pools, primarily to allow the lending programs to meet daily mark-to-market collateral adjustments caused by significant declines in the values of securities on loan or to satisfy obligations to return collateral upon the return of borrowed securities. This activity, which occurs in the normal course of our business, contributed to a net reduction of the period-end fair value of securities on loan from September 30, 2008 to December 31, 2008 of approximately 34%.

During the third quarter of 2009, we added five new customers to our securities finance business and institutional participation in our securities lending program stabilized. Accordingly, the period-end fair value of securities on loan increased approximately 10% between December 31, 2008 and September 30, 2009. However, securities finance revenue declined in the third quarter of 2009 compared to the second quarter of 2009, due primarily to lower spreads, and given our expectation of continued lower spreads and flat lending volume, we expect securities finance revenue to decline in the fourth quarter of this year below third quarter 2009 levels.

During the disruption in the global financial markets in 2008 and 2009, we were able to manage the outflows of cash collateral, as well as the impact of the disruptions in the credit markets, in a manner that substantially reduced the risk of loss to our customers. However, we imposed in 2008, and continued to impose during the first nine months of 2009, limitations on withdrawals from our lending programs in order to manage the liquidity in the cash collateral pools. The net asset value of our cash collateral pools, determined using information from independent third parties, has fallen below $1.00 per unit. At September 30, 2009, the net asset value, based on the market value of our unregistered cash collateral pools, ranged from $0.93 to $1.00, with the weighted-average net asset value on that date equal to $0.979, compared to $0.958 at June 30, 2009 and $0.939 at December 31, 2008. However, we continue to transact purchases into and redemptions out of these pools at $1.00 per unit. We are maintaining this practice for a number of reasons, including the results of our credit analysis, the fact that none of the securities in the cash collateral pools is currently in default, and our implementation of restrictions on withdrawals.

We cannot determine how long the withdrawal limitations will remain in place, nor can we determine how long the valuation of the collateral pools, which we believe to be influenced significantly by market illiquidity, will remain so influenced. The continuation of either trend could materially affect the longer-term prospects for our securities lending business. During the second quarter of 2009, a purported class action was filed regarding certain collateral pools underlying funds managed by SSgA, and we are responding to inquiries from the SEC and other regulatory authorities in connection with our cash collateral pools. Additional information is included in the discussion of risk factors provided in our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on May 18, 2009.

Processing Fees and Other

The 29% decrease in processing fees and other revenue in the quarterly comparison reflected the loss of administrative fee revenue from the asset-backed commercial paper program, which subsequent to the May 2009 conduit consolidation is recorded in net interest revenue. The 43% decrease in the nine-month comparison resulted from the impact of a decline in certain product-related revenue.

 

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NET INTEREST REVENUE

 

     For the Quarter Ended September 30,  
     2009     2008  
(Dollars in millions; fully taxable-equivalent basis)    Average
Balance
   Interest
Revenue/
Expense
   Rate     Average
Balance
   Interest
Revenue/
Expense
    Rate  

Interest-bearing deposits with banks

   $ 20,139    $ 28    .56   $ 16,219    $ 180      4.43

Securities purchased under resale agreements

     4,424      6    .55        10,335      68      2.65   

Federal funds sold

     16                2,230      10      1.71   

Trading account assets

     157         .38        2,148      20      3.71   

Investment securities

     84,811      828    3.87        72,094      752      4.15   

Investment securities purchased under AMLF(1)

     18         .55        4,498      45      3.98   

Loans and leases

     10,131      66    2.60        11,604      (23   (0.83

Other interest-earning assets

     1,140      1    .11                    
                                 

Total interest-earning assets

   $ 120,836    $ 929    3.05      $ 119,128    $ 1,052      3.51   
                                 

Interest-bearing deposits:

               

U.S

   $ 6,085    $ 7    .47   $ 7,082    $ 30      1.73

Non-U.S

     63,411      29    .18        68,290      290      1.69   

Securities sold under repurchase agreements

     11,972      1    .02        14,240      42      1.17   

Federal funds purchased

     1,368         .07        1,023      4      1.73   

Short-term borrowings under AMLF(1)

     18         .48        4,495      37      3.30   

Other short-term borrowings

     15,699      54    1.39        4,409      43      3.84   

Long-term debt

     8,949      82    3.67        4,116      56      5.45   

Other interest-bearing liabilities

     961      2    .73                    
                                 

Total interest-bearing liabilities

   $ 108,463    $ 175    .64      $ 103,655    $ 502      1.93   
                                 

Interest-rate spread

         2.41        1.58

Net interest revenue—fully taxable-equivalent basis(2)

      $ 754         $ 550     
                         

Net interest margin—fully taxable-equivalent basis

         2.47        1.83

Net interest revenue—GAAP basis

      $ 723         $ 525     

 

(1)

Amounts represent averages of asset-backed commercial paper purchases from eligible unaffiliated money market mutual funds under the Federal Reserve’s AMLF, and associated borrowings.

(2)

Amounts include tax-equivalent adjustments of $31 million for 2009 and $25 million for 2008.

 

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     For the Nine Months Ended September 30,  
     2009     2008  
(Dollars in millions; fully taxable-equivalent basis)    Average
Balance
   Interest
Revenue/
Expense
   Rate     Average
Balance
   Interest
Revenue/
Expense
   Rate  

Interest-bearing deposits with banks

   $ 27,404    $ 133    .65   $ 16,978    $ 571    4.49

Securities purchased under resale agreements

     4,170      20    .64        11,417      259    3.03   

Federal funds sold

     89         .30        3,416      61    2.39   

Trading account assets

     2,509      19    1.04        1,613      49    4.03   

Investment securities

     76,862      2,134    3.71        72,374      2,365    4.36   

Investment securities purchased under AMLF(1)

     1,180      25    2.86        1,510      45    3.98   

Loans and leases

     9,310      170    2.45        11,595      178    2.05   

Other interest-earning assets

     1,396      2    .16                  
                                

Total interest-earning assets

   $ 122,920    $ 2,503    2.72      $ 118,903    $ 3,528    3.96   
                                

Interest-bearing deposits:

                

U.S

   $ 8,218    $ 53    .87   $ 10,567    $ 179    2.30

Non-U.S

     61,070      102    .22        68,698      933    1.81   

Securities sold under repurchase agreements

     11,760      3    .03        14,179      169    1.59   

Federal funds purchased

     946         .05        1,055      17    2.16   

Short-term borrowings under AMLF(1)

     1,173      18    2.02        1,509      37    3.30   

Other short-term borrowings

     15,208      137    1.21        5,308      137    3.45   

Long-term debt

     7,602      225    3.95        4,091      173    5.63   

Other interest-bearing liabilities

     1,163      4    .41                  
                                

Total interest-bearing liabilities

   $ 107,140    $ 542    .67      $ 105,407    $ 1,645    2.08   
                                

Interest-rate spread

         2.05         1.88

Net interest revenue—fully taxable-equivalent basis(2)

      $ 1,961         $ 1,883   
                        

Net interest margin—fully taxable-equivalent basis

         2.14         2.12

Net interest revenue—GAAP basis

      $ 1,867         $ 1,807   

 

(1)

Amounts represent averages of asset-backed commercial paper purchases from eligible unaffiliated money market mutual funds under the Federal Reserve’s AMLF, and associated borrowings.

(2)

Amounts include tax-equivalent adjustments of $94 million for 2009 and $76 million for 2008.

Net interest revenue is defined as the total of interest revenue earned on interest-earning assets less interest expense incurred on interest-bearing liabilities. Interest-earning assets, which consist of investment securities, loans and leases and other liquid assets, are financed primarily by customer deposits and short-term borrowings. Net interest margin represents the relationship between annualized net interest revenue and average interest-earning assets for the period. Changes in the components of interest-earning assets and interest-bearing liabilities are discussed in more detail below. Additional detail about the components of interest revenue and interest expense is in note 13 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q.

On a fully taxable-equivalent basis, net interest revenue in the third quarter of 2009 increased 37% (38% on a GAAP basis) compared to the third quarter of 2008, and net interest margin increased to 2.47% from 1.83%. For the nine months ended September 30, 2009, on a fully taxable-equivalent basis, net interest revenue increased

 

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4% (3% on a GAAP basis) compared to the corresponding 2008 period, and net interest margin increased to 2.14% from 2.12%. The increases in both comparisons were generally the result of discount accretion on securities in our investment portfolio, described below, which was recorded subsequent to the May 2009 consolidation of the asset-backed commercial paper conduits. These increases were partially offset by lower rates on floating-rate securities and both lower volumes and lower rate spreads on customer deposits. Average aggregate interest-bearing deposits decreased 13% in the year-to-date comparison, primarily due to the current low-yield environment and a decrease in customers’ cash balances more reflective of historical levels as global market disruptions lessened.

In May 2009, we elected to take action that resulted in the consolidation onto our balance sheet, for financial reporting purposes, of all of the assets and liabilities of the asset-backed commercial paper conduits that we sponsored and administered. Upon consolidation, the aggregate fair value of the conduits’ investment securities was established as their book value, resulting in a discount to the assets’ par value. To the extent that the projected cash flows of the securities exceed their book values, the portion of the discount not related to credit will accrete into net interest revenue over the remaining terms of the securities. During the third quarter of 2009, we recorded discount accretion in net interest revenue of approximately $279 million, and for the first nine months of 2009 $391 million, and we anticipate that discount accretion will continue to be a material component of our net interest revenue for the remainder of 2009 and for 2010.

Interest-bearing deposits with banks, including cash balances held at the Federal Reserve to satisfy reserve requirements, averaged $20.14 billion for the third quarter of 2009, up 24%, or $3.92 billion, compared to the third quarter of 2008. For the first nine months of 2009, interest-bearing deposits with banks averaged $27.40 billion, up 61%, or $10.43 billion, compared to the same period in 2008. An average of $7.83 billion was held at the Federal Reserve Bank during the third quarter of 2009, which resulted from our investment of excess liquidity and which exceeded minimum reserve requirements. Beginning in the fourth quarter of 2008, reserve balances held at the Federal Reserve Bank earn a minimal level of interest.

Average securities purchased under resale agreements decreased 57%, or $5.91 billion, from $10.34 billion for the third quarter of 2008 to $4.42 billion for the third quarter of 2009, and decreased 63%, or $7.25 billion, from $11.42 billion to $4.17 billion in the nine-month comparison. Average federal funds sold decreased $2.21 billion, or 99%, to $16 million for the third quarter of 2009 compared to the third quarter of 2008, and decreased $3.33 billion, or 97%, to $89 million in the nine-month comparison. The decrease in federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements was mainly due to the re-allocation of liquidity to U.S. Treasury securities in the investment portfolio and the placement of excess liquidity at the Federal Reserve and other central banks.

Average trading account assets decreased 93%, or $1.99 billion, from the third quarter of 2008 to $157 million in the third quarter of 2009 and increased 56%, or $896 million, from the first nine months of 2008 to $2.51 billion in the first nine months of 2009. The decrease in the quarterly comparison was due to the absence of conduit commercial paper which was eliminated for financial reporting purposes when the conduits were consolidated onto our balance sheet as described above. The increase in the nine-month comparison is attributable to a larger investment in conduit commercial paper in 2009 prior to the consolidation.

Our average investment securities portfolio increased 18% from approximately $72.09 billion in the third quarter of 2008 to approximately $84.81 billion in the third quarter of 2009, and increased 6% to $76.86 billion in the nine-month comparison. Both comparisons reflected the effect of the conduit consolidation and an increase in U.S. Treasury and agency securities as well as the re-investment of matured or paid-down securities, partially

 

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offset by net run-off. We continued to invest in “AAA” and “AA” rated securities. Securities rated “AAA” and “AA” comprised approximately 80% of the investment securities portfolio, with approximately 69% “AAA” rated, at September 30, 2009.

Loans and leases averaged $10.13 billion for the third quarter of 2009, down 13% from $11.60 billion for the third quarter of 2008 and averaged $9.31 billion, down $2.29 billion, or 20%, from $11.60 billion, in the nine-month comparison. For both periods, the decrease was primarily related to lower levels of short-term liquidity required by customers, partially offset by an increase in loans due to the full-quarter effect of the assets added in connection with the conduit consolidation. Approximately 24% of the loan and lease portfolio was composed of U.S. and non-U.S. short-duration advances that provide liquidity to customers in support of their transaction flows, which averaged approximately $2.44 billion for the third quarter of 2009, down $5.33 billion, or 69%, from $7.77 billion for the corresponding quarter in 2008 and down $4.87 billion, or 61%, in the nine-month comparison. The lower levels of liquidity we provided to customers during the first nine months of 2009 were due to a decrease in customer demand and not a reduction in credit availability from, or committed lines provided by, State Street. As transaction flows returned to more normalized levels compared to the extraordinarily high levels experienced in 2008, customer demand for short-term liquidity declined. The decrease in customer overdrafts was partially offset by the addition of structured asset-backed loans in connection with the consolidation of the conduits.

Average interest-bearing deposits decreased $5.88 billion, or 8%, from $75.37 billion to $69.50 billion for the third quarter of 2009 compared to the third quarter of 2008. For the nine-month period, average interest-bearing deposits decreased $9.98 billion or 13% to $69.29 billion. In both the quarterly and nine-month comparisons, the decreases were due to lower levels of U.S. and non-U.S. deposits, including foreign transaction deposits which were particularly high during the third quarter of 2008. These decreases are reflective of the current low-yield interest rate environment, and a decrease in customers’ cash balances more reflective of historical levels as global market disruptions lessened.

Our average other short-term borrowings increased $11.29 billion, or 256%, to $15.70 billion for the third quarter of 2009 compared to the 2008 period and increased $9.90 billion, or 187%, to $15.21 billion for the first nine months of 2009 compared to the corresponding period in 2008. The increases were primarily due to borrowings under the Federal Reserve’s term auction facility, which is a secured lending program available to financial institutions, and short-term commercial paper, which was added in connection with the consolidation of the conduits.

For the third quarter of 2009, average long-term debt increased $4.83 billion, or 117%, to $8.95 billion and $3.51 billion or 86% to $7.60 billion, in the nine-month comparison, in both cases due to the issuance of an aggregate of approximately $4 billion of unsecured senior notes by State Street and State Street Bank in March 2009 under the FDIC’s Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program and the issuance by State Street of $500 million of unsecured senior notes in May 2009.

Several factors could affect future levels of our net interest revenue and margin, including the mix of customer liabilities, actions of the various central banks, changes in U.S. and non-U.S. interest rates, the shapes of the various yield curves around the world and the amount of accreted discount from certain investment securities, which were added to our consolidated balance sheet in connection with the May 2009 conduit consolidation. Based on market conditions and our previously announced tangible common equity improvement plan, we have begun to reinvest proceeds from amortizing and maturing securities in highly rated investment securities, such as U.S. Treasuries and federal agency mortgage-backed securities and asset-backed securities,

 

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which has had a favorable impact on our net interest revenue and margin. The pace at which we continue to reinvest and the types of securities purchased will depend on market conditions over time. These factors and the level of interest rates worldwide will dictate what impact the reinvestment program will have on our net interest revenue and net interest margin in future periods.

Gains (Losses) Related to Investment Securities, Net

We recorded net gains of $141 million from sales of available-for-sale securities in the third quarter of 2009 and $260 million during the first nine months of 2009, compared to net gains of $26 million and $41 million, respectively, in the 2008 periods. During the third quarter and first nine months of 2009, we recorded losses from other-than-temporary impairment related to credit of $99 million and $176 million, respectively. During the third quarter and first nine months of 2008, such losses were $29 million and $44 million, respectively. The aggregate declines in fair value of the securities for which other-than-temporary impairment was recorded in the 2009 periods were $828 million and $1.01 billion, respectively. The remaining $729 million and $832 million, respectively, for the 2009 periods related to factors other than credit, and were recognized, net of related taxes, as a component of other comprehensive income in our consolidated statement of condition.

For the third quarter of 2009, the $99 million of losses were composed of $63 million associated with expected credit losses, $23 million related to changes in management’s intent not to sell the impaired securities prior to their recovery in value, and $13 million associated with adverse changes in the timing of expected future cash flows. For the first nine months of 2009, the $176 million of losses were composed of $110 million associated with expected credit losses, $53 million related to changes in management’s intent not to sell the impaired securities prior to their recovery in value, and $13 million associated with adverse changes in the timing of expected future cash flows. The majority of the impairment losses related to non-agency mortgage-backed securities which management concluded had experienced credit losses. These securities are classified as asset-backed securities in note 2 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q.

 

     Quarters Ended September 30,     Nine Months Ended September 30,  
(Dollars in millions)          2009                 2008                   2009                     2008          

Net gains from sales of available-for-sale securities

   $ 141      $ 26      $ 260      $ 41   

Losses from other-than-temporary impairment

     (828     (29     (1,008     (44

Losses not related to credit(1)

     729               832          
                                

Net impairment losses

     (99     (29     (176     (44
                                

Gains (Losses) related to investment securities, net

   $ 42      $ (3   $ 84      $ (3
                                

 

(1)

These losses were not recorded in our consolidated results of operations, but were recognized as a component of other comprehensive income, net of related taxes, in our consolidated balance sheet; refer to the following discussion and to note 10 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q.

Management regularly reviews the investment securities portfolio to identify other-than-temporary impairment of individual securities. Pursuant to the provisions of a new accounting standard, which we adopted effective April 1, 2009, impairment related to expected losses represents the difference between the discounted values of the expected future cash flows from the securities compared to their current amortized cost basis, with each discount rate commensurate with the effective yield on the underlying security. For debt securities held to maturity, other-than-temporary impairment remaining after credit-related impairment (which credit-related

 

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impairment is recorded in our consolidated results of operations) is recognized, net of related taxes, as a component of other comprehensive income in the shareholders’ equity section of our consolidated balance sheet, and is accreted prospectively over the remaining terms of the securities based on the timing of their estimated future cash flows. For other-than-temporary impairment of debt securities that results from a change in management’s intent not to sell the security prior to its recovery in value or a decline in managements’ ability to hold the security until its recovery in value, the entire difference between the security’s fair value and its amortized cost basis is recorded in our consolidated results of operations.

Historically, we have recognized losses from other-than-temporary impairment of debt and equity securities for either a change in management intent to hold the securities or expected credit losses. These impairment losses reflected the entire difference between the fair value and amortized cost basis of each individual security, and were recorded in our consolidated results of operations.

Additional information about investment securities, the gross gains and losses that compose the net sale gains/losses and our process to identify other-than-temporary impairment, is provided in note 2 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q.

Provision for loan losses

We recorded provisions for loan losses of $16 million during the third quarter of 2009 and $114 million during the first nine months of 2009. Of the aggregate provisions, $98 million was reflective of management’s revised expectation of future principal and interest cash flows with respect to certain of the commercial real estate loans carried on our balance sheet that were purchased in 2008 in connection with indemnified repurchase agreements. The change in management’s expectation was primarily based on its assessment of the impact of the deteriorating economic conditions in the commercial real estate markets on certain of these loans during the period. Future changes in expectations with respect to collection of principal and interest on these loans could result in additional provisions for loan losses.

EXPENSES

 

     Quarters Ended September 30,     Nine Months Ended September 30,  
(Dollars in millions)    2009    2008    % Change     2009    2008    % Change  

Salaries and employee benefits

   $ 819    $ 1,022    (20 )%    $ 2,246    $ 3,144    (29 )% 

Information systems and communications

     165      151    9        493      470    5   

Transaction processing services

     148      165    (10     425      499    (15

Occupancy

     118      116    2        360      341    6   

Other:

                

Provision for legal exposure

     250      —          250      —     

Merger and integration costs

     11      30    (63     40      88    (55

Professional services

     76      85    (11     184      273    (33

Amortization of other intangible assets

     36      34    6        104      100    4   

Regulator fees and assessments

     9      3    200        61      10    510   

Provision for indemnification obligation

          200             200   

Other

     101      119    (15     238      415    (43
                                

Total other

     483      471    (3     877      1,086    (19
                                

Total expenses

   $ 1,733    $ 1,925    (10   $ 4,401    $ 5,540    (21
                                

Number of employees at quarter end

     27,130      28,950           

 

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AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)

 

Salaries and employee benefits expense decreased in the quarterly and year-to-date comparisons mainly due to the effect of our previously announced reduction in force, which was substantially completed in the first quarter of 2009, as well as lower accruals of incentive compensation in the first nine months of 2009 relative to 2008, and lower contract services spending. We expect relatively higher salaries and benefits expense during the fourth quarter of 2009 compared to this year’s third quarter, as we accrue incentive compensation, commensurate with our financial performance, for 2009.

Information systems and communications expense for the third quarter and first nine months of 2009 reflected higher levels of spending on telecommunications hardware and software. Transaction processing services expense decreased for both the third quarter and first nine months of 2009 due to lower volumes in the investment servicing business and lower external contract costs.

The increase in occupancy costs in the year-to-date comparison resulted primarily from the impact of additional leased space acquired to support growth in the hedge funds servicing and investment manager operations outsourcing businesses, as well as higher occupancy costs in support of our European operations, including our new facility in the U.K.

The provision for legal exposure of $250 million resulted from an increase as of September 30, 2009 in the reserve established in 2007 associated with certain active fixed-income strategies managed by SSgA. This provision is more fully discussed in the “Overview of Financial Results—Recent Developments” section of this Management’s Discussion and Analysis and in note 8 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q.

Other expenses decreased in the third quarter of 2009 compared to the third quarter of 2008, and in the nine-month comparison, mainly due to reduced securities processing costs and lower professional services fees, partially offset by an increase in regulatory fees and assessments associated with (1) the cost of unlimited insurance protection for non-interest bearing demand deposits instituted by the FDIC during the fourth quarter of 2008, and (2) with respect to the nine-month comparison, the impact of a special assessment on insured depository institutions instituted by the FDIC during the second quarter of this year.

Income Taxes

We recorded income tax expense of $160 million for the third quarter of 2009, compared to $369 million for the third quarter of 2008. For the first nine months of 2009, income tax expense was $540 million, compared to $925 million for the corresponding 2008 period. Our effective tax rates for the third quarter and first nine months of 2009 were 32.8% and 29.3%, respectively, compared to 43.7% and 37.3% for the third quarter and first nine months of 2008. Refer to note 16 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q for additional information with respect to the change in the effective rates.

LINE OF BUSINESS INFORMATION

We report two lines of business: Investment Servicing and Investment Management. Given our services and management organization, the results of operations for these lines of business are not necessarily comparable with those of other companies, including companies in the financial services industry. Information about revenue, expense and capital allocation methodologies is provided in note 24 to the consolidated financial statements included in our 2008 Form 10-K.

 

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)

 

The following is a summary of our line of business results. The amounts in the “Divestitures” columns for 2008 represent the operating results of our joint venture interest in CitiStreet prior to its sale in July 2008. The amounts presented in the “Other” columns for 2009 represent merger and integration costs recorded in connection with our 2007 acquisition of Investors Financial, and for the nine months ended September 30, 2009, net interest revenue earned in connection with our participation in the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston’s AMLF and the provision for loan losses associated with commercial real estate loans purchased in 2008. The 2008 amounts represent the net interest revenue associated with our participation in the AMLF; the gain on the sale of our joint venture interest in CitiStreet; the provision related to our estimated net exposure for customer indemnification obligations associated with collateralized repurchase agreements; and merger and acquisition costs recorded in connection with the acquisition of Investors Financial. The amounts in the “Divestitures” and “Other” columns were not allocated to State Street’s business lines.

 

    For the Quarters Ended September 30,  
    Investment
Servicing
    Investment
Management
    Divestitures     Other   Total  

(Dollars in millions,

except where otherwise noted)

  2009     2008     2009     2008     2009   2008     2009     2008   2009   2008  

Fee revenue:

                   

Servicing fees

  $ 833      $ 966                  $ 833   $ 966   

Management fees

                $ 219      $ 261                219     261   

Trading services

    269        363                              269     363   

Securities finance

    67        180        38        66                105     246   

Processing fees and other

    18        51        27        12                45     63   
                                                     

Total fee revenue

    1,187        1,560        284        339                1,471     1,899   

Net interest revenue

    704        503        19        14            $ 8     723     525   

Gains (Losses) related to investment securities, net

    42        (3                             42     (3

Gain on sale of CitiStreet interest, net of exit and other associated costs

                                      350         350   
                                                           

Total revenue

    1,933        2,060        303        353              358     2,236     2,771   

Provision for loan losses

    16                                       16       

Expenses from operations

    1,268        1,415        204        278        $ 2              1,472     1,695   

Customer indemnification obligation

                                           200         200   

Provision for legal exposure

                  250                              250     —     

Merger and integration costs

                                       $ 11        30     11     30   
                                                                       

Total expenses

    1,268        1,415        454        278          2        11        230     1,733     1,925   
                                                                       

Income (loss) before income taxes and extraordinary loss

  $ 649      $ 645      $ (151   $ 75        $ (2   $ (11   $ 128   $ 487   $ 846   
                                                                       

Pre-tax margin

    34     31     nm        21            

Average assets (in billions)

  $ 141.7      $ 146.1      $ 3.4      $ 3.1        $ 0.4          $ 145.1   $ 149.6   

 

nm - not meaningful.

 

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AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)

 

    For the Nine Months Ended September 30,  
    Investment
Servicing
    Investment
Management
    Divestitures     Other   Total  

(Dollars in millions,

except where otherwise noted)

  2009     2008     2009     2008     2009   2008     2009     2008   2009   2008  

Fee revenue:

                   

Servicing fees

  $ 2,394      $ 2,903                  $ 2,394   $ 2,903   

Management fees

                $ 593      $ 819                593     819   

Trading services

    824        1,049                              824     1,049   

Securities finance

    325        667        162        234                487     901   

Processing fees and other

    41        138        70        64        $ (8         111     194   
                                                           

Total fee revenue

    3,584        4,757        825        1,117          (8         4,409     5,866   

Net interest revenue

    1,807        1,717        53        76          6      $ 7      $ 8     1,867     1,807   

Gains (Losses) related to investment securities, net

    84        (3                                       84     (3

Gain on sale of CitiStreet interest, net of exit and other associated costs

                                                350         350   
                                                                       

Total revenue

    5,475        6,471        878        1,193          (2     7        358     6,360     8,020   

Provision for loan losses

    16                                      98            114       

Expenses from operations

    3,559        4,345        552        902          5                   4,111     5,252   

Customer indemnification obligation

                                                200         200   

Provision for legal exposure

                  250                                   250     —     

Merger and integration costs

                                         40        88     40     88   
                                                                       

Total expenses

    3,559        4,345        802        902          5        40        288     4,401     5,540   
                                                                       

Income (loss) before income taxes and extraordinary loss

  $ 1,900      $ 2,126      $ 76      $ 291        $ (7   $ (131   $ 70   $ 1,845   $ 2,480   
                                                                       

Pre-tax margin

    35     33     9     24            

Average assets (in billions)

  $ 143.6      $ 141.5      $ 3.3      $ 3.3        $ 0.5          $ 146.9   $ 145.3   

Investment Servicing

Total revenue for the third quarter of 2009 decreased 6% compared to the third quarter of 2008, and 15% in the nine-month comparison. The decreases in all revenue line items reflected the impact of the global financial markets disruption. In both the quarterly and nine-month comparisons, the decreases in servicing fees were primarily due to the impact of declines in equity market valuations. The decreases in trading services revenue reflected decreases in foreign exchange trading revenue caused by lower levels of volatility and lower customer volumes, offset by higher levels of fees from electronic trading. Securities finance revenue decreased primarily due to compression of credit spreads.

Servicing fees, trading services revenue and gains (losses) related to investment securities, net, for our Investment Servicing business line are identical to the respective consolidated results. Refer to the “Servicing

 

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Fees,” “Trading Services” and “Gains (Losses) Related to Investment Securities, Net” captions in the “Total Revenue” section of this Management’s Discussion and Analysis for a more in-depth discussion. A discussion of processing fees and other revenue is provided under the caption “Processing Fees and Other” in the “Total Revenue” section.

Net interest revenue for the third quarter of 2009 increased 40% compared to the third quarter of 2008, and 5% for the first nine months of 2009 compared to the corresponding 2008 period, with both increases primarily due to the impact of the discount accretion recorded following the consolidation of the conduits, which accretion is discussed more fully in the foregoing “Total Revenue—Net Interest Revenue” section of this Management’s Discussion and Analysis. The increases were partly offset by the negative impact of lower rates on the yields generated by floating-rate assets. A portion of consolidated net interest revenue is recorded in the Investment Management business line based on the volume of customer liabilities attributable to that business.

Total expenses for the third quarter of 2009 decreased 10% compared to the third quarter of 2008, and decreased 18% for the first nine months of 2009 compared to the first nine months of 2008. Both decreases were attributable to lower levels of salaries and benefits costs, which reflected the impacts of our previously announced reduction in force and lower accruals of incentive compensation. Other expenses decreased as a result of lower professional fees and lower levels of securities processing costs.

Investment Management

Total revenue for the third quarter of 2009 decreased 14% compared to the third quarter of 2008, reflecting a 16% decline in total fee revenue offset by a 36% increase in net interest revenue. For the nine months ended September 30, 2009, total revenue decreased 26% compared to the corresponding prior-year period, due to a 26% decrease in fee revenue and a 30% decline in net interest revenue.

With respect to management fees, which are generated by SSgA, the 16% and 28% decreases in the quarterly and nine-month comparisons, respectively, resulted primarily from the impact of declines in equity market valuations as well as the shift in managed asset composition from active to passive strategies. Management fees for the Investment Management business line are identical to the respective consolidated results. Refer to the “Fee Revenue—Management Fees” section of “Total Revenue” in this Management’s Discussion and Analysis for a more-in depth discussion.

For the third quarter of 2009, total expenses from operations decreased 27% compared to the third quarter of 2008, and 39% in the nine-month comparison. Both decreases were primarily attributable to decreases in salaries and benefits due to the impact of reductions in staffing levels and lower accruals of incentive compensation, as well as lower levels of securities processing costs and professional fees. The provision for legal exposure is discussed in the “Overview of Financial Results—Recent Developments” section of this Management’s Discussion and Analysis and in note 8 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q.

In connection with certain funds managed by SSgA that engage in securities lending, we have imposed limitations on the ability of participants in those funds to redeem units in an effort to address the impact of the disruption in the fixed-income securities markets on the liquidity of certain assets held by the cash collateral pools underlying these funds. In addition, beginning as of the end of the most recent fiscal year of these funds, the value of these funds, in accordance with GAAP, reflects a net asset value based upon the net asset value of the cash collateral pools in which the proceeds from securities lending are invested. Although these funds continue to transact purchase and redemption orders based upon the transaction value of the collateral pools of $1.00 per unit, the net asset value of the collateral pools determined in accordance with GAAP is less than

 

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AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)

 

$1.00 per unit. The net asset value of the collateral pools underlying the SSgA funds, which is determined based upon the market value of the cash collateral pool assets, ranged from $0.97 to $0.99, with a weighted-average net asset value of $0.978, at September 30, 2009, compared to $0.958 at June 30, 2009 and $0.932 at December 31, 2008.

Our continuation of the limitations on participant redemptions and the difference between the net asset value used for purchase and redemption transactions and the net asset value determined in accordance with GAAP could, if either or both continue, adversely effect SSgA’s reputation, the marketing of its lending funds and its future results of operations. During the second quarter of 2009, a purported class action was filed regarding certain collateral pools underlying funds managed by SSgA, and we are responding to inquiries from the SEC and other regulatory authorities in connection with our cash collateral pools. Additional information is included in the discussion of risk factors provided in our Current Report on Form 8-K filed with the SEC on May 18, 2009.

FAIR VALUE MEASUREMENTS

We carry certain of our financial assets and liabilities at fair value in our consolidated financial statements on a recurring basis, including trading account assets, investment securities available for sale and various types of derivative instruments. We have not elected the fair value option, provided for in existing GAAP, for any other of our financial assets and liabilities to date.

As discussed in further detail below, changes in the fair value of these financial assets and liabilities are recorded either as gains and losses in our consolidated statement of income, or as components of other comprehensive income within shareholders’ equity in our consolidated statement of condition. We estimate the fair value of all of these financial assets and liabilities using the “exit price” definition prescribed by current accounting standards which govern the measurement of fair value. Current accounting standards define fair value as the price that would be received to sell an asset or paid to transfer a liability in the principal or most advantageous market for an asset or liability in an orderly transaction between market participants on the measurement date.

At September 30, 2009, approximately $77.19 billion of our financial assets and approximately $5.37 billion of our financial liabilities were carried at fair value on a recurring basis, compared to $66.92 billion and $12.36 billion, respectively, at December 31, 2008. These amounts represented approximately 47% of our consolidated total assets and approximately 4% of our consolidated total liabilities at September 30, 2009, compared to 39% and 8%, respectively, at December 31, 2008. The increase in the relative percentage of consolidated total assets as of September 30, 2009 compared to December 31, 2008 resulted primarily from the consolidation of the conduits and portfolio purchases of investment securities. The decrease in the percentage of consolidated liabilities from December 31, 2008 to September 30, 2009 was the result of lower foreign exchange trading volumes.

When we measure fair value for our financial assets and liabilities, we consider the principal or most advantageous market in which we would transact, and we consider assumptions that market participants would use when pricing the asset or liability. When possible, we look to active and observable markets to measure the fair value of identical, or similar, financial assets or liabilities. When identical financial assets and liabilities are not traded in active markets, we look to market-observable data for similar assets and liabilities. In some instances, certain assets and liabilities are not actively traded in observable markets, and as a result we use alternative valuation techniques to measure their fair value.

 

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)

 

We categorize the financial assets and liabilities that we carry at fair value in our consolidated statement of condition based upon a three-level valuation hierarchy. The hierarchy gives the highest priority to quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities (level 1) and the lowest priority to valuation methods using significant unobservable inputs (level 3). At September 30, 2009, we categorized approximately 14% of our financial assets carried at fair value in level 1, 76% in level 2 and 10% in level 3 of the fair value hierarchy, including the effect of master netting agreements. We categorized approximately 97% of our financial liabilities carried at fair value in level 2, and 3% in level 3, including the effect of master netting agreements.

Financial instruments are categorized in level 1 when measurement of fair value can be based on quoted prices in active markets for identical assets or liabilities. Level 2 financial instruments are valued using quoted prices for similar assets or liabilities; quoted prices in markets that are not active; or models using inputs that are observable or can be corroborated by observable market data of substantially the full term of the assets or liabilities. Financial instruments are categorized in level 3 when their fair values are measured using pricing models, discounted cash flow methodologies or similar techniques and at least one significant model assumption or input is unobservable, and when measurement of the instrument’s fair value requires significant management judgment or estimation.

The fair value of financial assets categorized in level 1 was substantially composed of investment securities available for sale, specifically U.S. Treasury bills. Fair value was measured by management using unadjusted quoted prices in active markets for identical securities.

The fair value of financial assets categorized in level 2 was primarily composed of investment securities available for sale, the majority of which were asset-backed, mortgage-backed and other fixed-income securities, and interest-rate and foreign exchange derivative instruments. Fair value was measured by management primarily using information obtained from independent third parties. Information obtained from third parties is subject to review by management as part of a continuous validation process. Management has developed a process to review information provided by third parties, including an understanding of underlying assumptions and the level of market participant information used to support those assumptions. In addition, management compares significant assumptions used by third parties to available market information. Such information may include known trades or, to the extent that trading activity is limited, comparisons to market research information pertaining to credit expectations, execution spreads and the timing of cash flows.

The fair value of the derivative instruments categorized in level 2 predominantly represented foreign exchange contracts utilized in our role as a financial intermediary, for which fair value was measured by management using discounted cash flow techniques with inputs consisting of observable spot and forward points, as well as observable interest rate curves. With respect to derivative instruments, we evaluated the impact on valuation of the credit risk of our counterparties and our own credit risk. We considered factors such as the likelihood of default by us and our counterparties, our net exposures and remaining maturities in determining the appropriate measurements of fair value. Valuation adjustments associated with these factors were not significant for the first nine months of 2009.

While the substantial majority of our financial assets categorized in level 3 were composed of asset-backed securities available for sale, level 3 also included foreign exchange derivative instruments, primarily options. The categorization of asset-backed securities in level 3 as of September 30, 2009 was significantly influenced by ongoing conditions in the fixed-income securities markets, including illiquidity. Little or no market activity for these securities occurred during the first nine months of 2009, consistent with 2008, and as a result of the lack of

 

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price transparency, we measured their fair value using unobservable pricing inputs, such as non-binding quotes received directly from third parties. These inputs were subject to management’s review and were determined to be appropriate based on individual facts and circumstances. Generally, where our fair value measurements are based on non-binding quotes from market specialists, we obtain one quote for each individual security as necessary. Given the unique nature of each underlying security structure, it is not practical or useful to obtain multiple quotes for individual securities.

The aggregate fair value of our financial assets categorized in level 3 as of September 30, 2009 decreased compared to December 31, 2008, primarily as a result of transfers of certain asset-backed securities, mainly securities collateralized by student loans, into level 2, as management was able to measure the fair value of the securities using market-observable information.

FINANCIAL CONDITION

The structure of our consolidated statement of condition, or balance sheet, is primarily driven by the liabilities generated by our core Investment Servicing and Investment Management businesses. As our customers execute their worldwide cash management and investment activities, they use short-term investments and deposits that constitute the majority of our liabilities. These liabilities are generally in the form of non-interest-bearing demand deposits; interest-bearing transaction account deposits, which are denominated in a variety of currencies; and repurchase agreements, which generally serve as short-term investment alternatives for our customers.

 

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AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)

 

Our customers’ needs and our operating objectives determine the volume, mix and currency denomination of our consolidated balance sheet. Deposits and other liabilities generated by customer activities are invested in assets that generally match the liquidity and interest-rate characteristics of the liabilities. As a result, our assets consist primarily of securities held in our available-for-sale or held-to-maturity portfolios and short-term money-market instruments, such as interest-bearing deposits, federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements. The actual mix of assets is determined by the characteristics of the customer liabilities and our desire to maintain a well-diversified portfolio of high-quality assets. Management of our consolidated balance sheet structure is conducted within specific Board-approved policies for interest-rate risk, credit risk and liquidity.

 

     For the Nine Months Ended
September 30,
(In millions)    2009
Average
    Balance    
   2008
Average
    Balance    

Assets:

     

Interest-bearing deposits with banks

   $ 27,404    $ 16,978

Securities purchased under resale agreements

     4,170      11,417

Federal funds sold

     89      3,416

Trading account assets

     2,509      1,613

Investment securities

     76,862      72,374

Investment securities purchased under AMLF

     1,180      1,510

Loans

     9,310      11,595

Other interest-earning assets

     1,396     
             

Total interest-earning assets

     122,920      118,903

Cash and due from banks

     2,326      5,544

Other assets

     21,683      20,836
             

Total assets

   $ 146,929    $ 145,283
             

Liabilities and shareholders’ equity:

     

Interest-bearing deposits:

     

U.S.  

   $ 8,218    $ 10,567

Non-U.S.  

     61,070      68,698
             

Total interest-bearing deposits

     69,288      79,265

Securities sold under repurchase agreements

     11,760      14,179

Federal funds purchased

     946      1,055

Short-term borrowings under AMLF

     1,173      1,509

Other short-term borrowings

     15,208      5,308

Long-term debt

     7,602      4,091

Other interest-bearing liabilities

     1,163     
             

Total interest-bearing liabilities

     107,140      105,407

Noninterest-bearing deposits

     16,421      15,323

Other liabilities

     10,321      12,162

Shareholders’ equity

     13,047      12,391
             

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

   $ 146,929    $ 145,283
             

 

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Investment Securities

The carrying values of investment securities were as follows as of period end:

 

(In millions)    September 30,
2009
   December 31,
2008

Available for sale:

     

U.S. Treasury and federal agencies:

     

Direct obligations

   $ 11,688    $ 11,579

Mortgage-backed securities

     15,443      10,798

Asset-backed securities

     29,517      19,424

Collateralized mortgage obligations

     2,209      1,441

State and political subdivisions

     5,893      5,712

Other debt securities

     5,897      4,723

Money-market mutual funds

     839      344

Other equity securities

     189      142
             

Total

   $ 71,675    $ 54,163
             

Held to maturity purchased under AMLF:

     

Asset-backed commercial paper

   $    $ 6,087
             

Held to maturity:

     

U.S. Treasury and federal agencies:

     

Direct obligations

   $ 500    $ 501

Mortgage-backed securities

     661      810

Asset-backed securities

     10,810      3,986

Collateralized mortgage obligations

     9,013      9,979

State and political subdivisions

     198      382

Other debt securities

     85      109
             

Total

   $ 21,267    $ 15,767
             

The increases in the carrying values of investment securities as of September 30, 2009 compared to December 31, 2008 resulted from the addition of securities in connection with the consolidation of the conduits and, with respect to securities available for sale, portfolio purchases and improvement in fair value, offset, in part, by sales and maturities of securities during the first nine months of 2009. We consider a well-diversified, high-credit quality investment securities portfolio to be an important element in the management of our consolidated balance sheet. The portfolio continues to be concentrated in securities with high credit quality, with approximately 80% of the carrying value of the portfolio “AAA” or “AA” rated at September 30, 2009, compared to 89% at December 31, 2008. The percentages of the carrying value of the investment securities portfolio by external credit rating, excluding securities purchased under the AMLF, were as follows as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008:

 

     September 30,
2009
    December 31,
2008
 

AAA(1)

   69   78

AA

   11      11   

A

   7      5   

BBB

   4      4   

< BBB

   8      1   

Non-rated

   1      1   
            
   100   100
            

 

(1)

Includes U.S. Treasury securities.

 

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The investment portfolio of approximately 9,700 securities is also diversified with respect to asset class. Approximately 73% of the carrying value of the portfolio is composed of mortgage-backed and asset-backed securities. The largely floating-rate asset-backed portfolio consists of home-equity loan, credit card, auto- and student loan-backed securities. Mortgage-backed securities are split between securities of Federal National Mortgage Association, Federal Home Loan Mortgage Corporation and U.S. and non-U.S. large-issuer collateralized mortgage obligations. During the third quarter and first nine months of 2009, 344 and 1,147 securities, respectively, were downgraded. The year-to-date downgrades included 389 municipal securities (state and political subdivisions), 236 of which were based on downgrades of the underlying third-party financial guarantor. As of September 30, 2009, the asset-backed securities in the portfolio included $5.2 billion collateralized by sub-prime first-lien mortgages.

Net unrealized losses on securities available for sale were as follows as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008:

 

(In millions)

   September 30,
2009
    December 31,
2008
 

Fair value

   $ 71,675      $ 54,163   

Amortized cost

     74,627        60,786   
                

Net unrealized loss, pre-tax

   $ (2,952   $ (6,623
                

Net unrealized loss, after-tax

   $ (1,780   $ (4,057

The above net unrealized loss amounts at September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008 excluded the remaining net unrealized loss of $1.17 billion, or $733 million after-tax, and $2.27 billion, or $1.39 billion after-tax, respectively, related to reclassifications of securities available for sale to securities held to maturity. These after-tax amounts are recorded in other comprehensive income. The decline in the remaining after-tax unrealized loss amounts related to transferred securities resulted from amortization and from the recognition of losses from other-than-temporary impairment of certain of the securities.

Excluding the securities for which other-than-temporary impairment was recorded during the first nine months of 2009, management considers the aggregate decline in fair value of the remaining securities and the resulting net unrealized losses to be temporary and not the result of any material changes in the credit characteristics of the securities. Additional information about our evaluation of impairment is provided in note 2 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q.

We intend to continue managing our investment securities portfolio to align with interest-rate and duration characteristics of our customer liabilities and in the context of our overall balance sheet structure, which is maintained within internally approved risk limits, and in consideration of the global interest-rate environment. Even with material changes in unrealized losses on available-for-sale securities, we may not experience material changes in our interest-rate risk profile, or experience a material adverse impact on our net interest revenue.

Loans and Lease Financing

At September 30, 2009, we held commercial real estate loans with an aggregate carrying value of approximately $592 million that were purchased in 2008 pursuant to indemnified repurchase agreements. The loans, which are primarily collateralized by direct and indirect interests in commercial real estate, were recorded at their then-estimated fair value, based on management’s expectation with respect to collection of principal and interest using appropriate market discount rates as of the date of acquisition.

 

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Although a portion of these loans is 90 days or more contractually past-due, we do not report them as past-due loans, because under current accounting standards, the interest earned on these loans is based on an accretable yield resulting from management’s expectation of the cash flows for each loan relative to both the timing and collection of principal and interest as of the reporting date, not contractual payment terms. These cash flow estimates are updated quarterly to reflect changes in management’s expectations, which consider market conditions.

At September 30, 2009, we held structured asset-backed loans with an aggregate carrying value of approximately $2.52 billion that were added in connection with the May 2009 consolidation of the conduits. These loans, which represent undivided interests in securitized pools of underlying third-party receivables, are held for investment.

During the first nine months of 2009, we recorded provisions for loan losses of approximately $98 million in our consolidated statement of income, reflective of management’s revised expectation of future principal and interest cash flows with respect to certain of the aforementioned commercial real estate loans. Management’s change in expectation resulted primarily from its assessment of the effect of the deteriorating economic conditions in the commercial real estate markets on certain of these loans during the period. The allowance for loan losses related to these loans was reduced by net charge-offs totaling approximately $69 million for the first nine months of 2009. At September 30, 2009, approximately $5 million of the aforementioned commercial real estate loans had been classified by management as non-performing, as the yield associated with these loans, determined when the loans were acquired, was deemed to be non-accretable. This determination was based on management’s expectation of the future collection of principal and interest on the loans. Future changes in expectations with respect to collection of principal and interest on these loans could result in additional nonperforming loans and provisions for loan losses.

Capital

Regulatory and economic capital management both use metrics evaluated by management to assess whether our actual level of capital is commensurate with our risk profile, is in compliance with all regulatory requirements, and is sufficient to provide us with the financial flexibility to undertake future strategic business initiatives.

Regulatory Capital

Our objective with respect to regulatory capital management is to maintain a strong capital base in order to provide financial flexibility for our business needs, including funding corporate growth and supporting customers’ cash management needs, and to provide protection against loss to depositors and creditors. We strive to maintain an optimal level of capital, commensurate with our risk profile, on which an attractive return to shareholders will be realized over both the short and long term, while protecting our obligations to depositors and creditors and satisfying regulatory requirements. You can obtain additional information about our capital management process in the Financial Condition section of Management’s Discussion and Analysis in our 2008 Form 10-K.

 

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At September 30, 2009, State Street and State Street Bank met all capital adequacy requirements to which they were subject. Regulatory capital amounts and ratios at September 30, 2009, and December 31, 2008 are presented in the table below. The information for both State Street and State Street Bank reflects the effect of the provision for legal exposure recorded as of September 30, 2009, discussed in the “Consolidated Results of Operations—Recent Developments” section of this Management’s Discussion and Analysis.

 

    Regulatory
Guidelines(1)
    State Street(2)     State Street Bank(2)  
(Dollars in millions)   Minimum     Well
Capitalized
    September 30,
2009
    December 31,
2008
    September 30,
2009
    December 31,
2008
 

Tier 1 risk-based capital ratio

  4   6     15.3     20.3     14.2     19.8

Total risk-based capital ratio

  8      10        16.5        21.6        15.7        21.3   

Tier 1 leverage ratio

  4      5        8.0        7.8        7.4        7.6   

Tier 1 risk-based capital

      $ 11,271      $ 14,090      $ 10,223      $ 13,422   

Total risk-based capital

        12,202        15,030        11,299        14,458   

Adjusted risk-weighted assets and market-risk equivalents:

           

Balance sheet risk-weighted assets

      $ 63,549      $ 45,855      $ 61,739      $ 44,212   

Off-balance sheet equivalent risk-weighted assets

        9,834        23,364        9,834        23,415   

Market-risk equivalents

        440        366        386        303   
                                   

Total

      $ 73,823      $ 69,585      $ 71,959      $ 67,930   
                                   

Quarterly average adjusted assets

      $ 140,501      $ 179,905      $ 138,483      $ 175,858   

 

(1)

State Street Bank must meet the regulatory designation of “well capitalized” in order to maintain the parent company’s status as a financial holding company, including a minimum tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 6%, a minimum total risk-based capital ratio of 10% and a tier 1 leverage ratio of 5%. In addition, State Street must meet Federal Reserve guidelines for “well capitalized” for a bank holding company to be eligible for a streamlined review process for acquisition proposals. These guidelines require a minimum tier 1 risk-based capital ratio of 6% and a minimum total risk-based capital ratio of 10%.

(2)

Tier 1 and total risk-based capital and tier 1 leverage ratios, as well as balance sheet risk-weighted assets and quarterly average adjusted assets, exclude the impact, where applicable, of the asset-backed commercial paper purchased from eligible unaffiliated money market mutual funds under the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston’s AMLF, as permitted under the AMLF’s terms and conditions.

At September 30, 2009, State Street’s and State Street Bank’s tier 1 and total risk-based capital ratios decreased compared to year-end 2008, primarily as a result of the impact on tier 1 capital of the loss associated with the May 2009 consolidation of the conduits. The loss, along with an increase in total risk-weighted assets attributable primarily to the addition of conduit investment securities and purchases of investment securities during the first nine months of the year, decreased the risk-based ratios. A decline in quarterly adjusted average assets, as we reduced the size of our consolidated balance sheet during the first nine months of 2009, more than offset the effect of the above-described decline in tier 1 capital on State Street’s leverage ratio. All ratios for State Street and State Street Bank exceeded the applicable regulatory minimum and well-capitalized thresholds.

During the second quarter of 2009, we completed a public offering of approximately 58.97 million shares of our common stock. The offering price was $39 per share, and aggregate proceeds from the offering, net of underwriting commissions and related offering costs, totaled approximately $2.23 billion. Underwriting commissions totaled approximately $69 million. We completed the offering, which was executed under our

 

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current universal shelf registration statement filed with the SEC, primarily in connection with our intention to repurchase the $2 billion of equity issued to the U.S. Treasury in October 2008 under the TARP Capital Purchase Program.

During the second quarter of 2009, we repurchased the preferred equity portion of Treasury’s original TARP investment by redeeming all of the outstanding shares of our Series B fixed-rate cumulative perpetual preferred stock at its aggregate liquidation amount plus accrued dividends, or approximately $2 billion. In July 2009, we repurchased the warrant to purchase shares of our common stock, originally issued to Treasury as part of its overall investment, at its fair value of $60 million.

The current minimum regulatory capital requirements enforced by the U.S. banking regulators are based on a 1988 international accord, commonly referred to as Basel I, which was developed by the Basel Committee on Banking Supervision. In 2004, the Basel Committee released the final version of its new capital adequacy framework, referred to as Basel II. Basel II governs the capital adequacy of large, internationally active banking organizations, such as State Street, that generally rely on sophisticated risk management and measurement systems, and requires these organizations to enhance their measurement and management of the risks underlying their business activities and to better align regulatory capital requirements with those risks.

Basel II adopts a three-pillar framework for addressing capital adequacy—minimum capital requirements, which incorporate the measurement of credit risk, market risk and operational risk; supervisory review, which addresses the need for a banking organization to assess its capital adequacy position relative to its overall risk, rather than only with respect to its minimum capital requirement; and market discipline, which imposes public disclosure requirements on a banking organization intended to allow the assessment of key information about the organization’s risk profile and its associated level of regulatory capital.

In December 2007, U.S. banking regulators jointly issued final rules to implement the Basel II framework in the U.S. Implementation is subject to a multi-year transition period in which limits are imposed upon the amount by which minimum required capital may decrease. The framework does not supersede or change the existing prompt corrective action and leverage capital requirements applicable to banking organizations in the U.S., and explicitly reserves the regulators’ authority to require organizations to hold additional capital where appropriate.

State Street has established a comprehensive program to implement the Basel II framework and underlying regulatory requirements within the prescribed time frames. We anticipate adopting the most advanced approaches for assessing our capital adequacy under the requirements.

Economic Capital

We define economic capital as the capital required to protect holders of our senior debt, and obligations higher in priority, against unexpected economic losses over a one-year period at a level consistent with the solvency of a firm with our target “AA” senior debt rating. Our Capital Committee is responsible for overseeing our economic capital process. The framework and methodologies used to quantify economic capital for each of the risk types described below have been developed by our Enterprise Risk Management, Global Treasury and Corporate Finance groups and are designed to be generally consistent with our risk management principles and the new Basel II regulatory capital rules. This framework has been approved by senior management and the Risk and Capital Committee of the Board of Directors. Due to the evolving nature of quantification techniques, we expect to periodically refine the methodologies, assumptions, and data used to estimate our economic capital requirements, which could result in a different amount of capital needed to support our business activities.

 

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We quantify capital requirements for the risks inherent in our business activities and group them into one of the following broadly-defined categories:

 

   

Market risk: the risk of adverse financial impact due to fluctuations in market prices, primarily as they relate to our trading activities;

 

   

Interest-rate risk: the risk of loss in non-trading asset and liability management positions, primarily the impact of adverse movements in interest rates on the repricing mismatches that exist between balance sheet assets and liabilities;

 

   

Credit risk: the risk of loss that may result from the default or downgrade of a borrower or counterparty;

 

   

Operational risk: the risk of loss from inadequate or failed internal processes, people and systems, or from external events, which is consistent with the Basel II definition; and

 

   

Business risk: the risk of negative earnings resulting from adverse changes in business factors, including changes in the competitive environment, changes in the operational economics of our business activities, and the effect of strategic and reputation risks.

Economic capital for each of these five categories is estimated on a stand-alone basis using statistical modeling techniques applied to internally-generated and, in some cases, external data. These individual results are then aggregated at the State Street consolidated level. A capital reduction or diversification benefit is then applied to reflect the unlikely event of experiencing an extremely large loss in each risk type at the same time.

Liquidity

The objective of liquidity management is to ensure that we have the ability to meet our financial obligations in a timely and cost-effective manner, and that we maintain sufficient flexibility to fund strategic corporate initiatives as they arise. Effective management of liquidity involves assessing the potential mismatch between the future cash needs of our customers and our available sources of cash under normal and adverse economic and business conditions. Significant uses of liquidity, described more fully below, consist primarily of meeting deposit withdrawals and funding outstanding commitments to extend credit or to purchase securities as they are drawn upon. Liquidity is provided by the maintenance of broad access to the global capital markets and by our consolidated balance sheet asset structure.

Sources of liquidity come from two primary areas: access to the global capital markets and liquid assets maintained on our consolidated balance sheet. Our ability to source incremental funding at reasonable rates of interest from wholesale investors in the capital markets is the first source of liquidity we would tap to accommodate the uses of liquidity described below. On-balance sheet liquid assets are also an integral component of our liquidity management strategy. These assets provide liquidity through maturities of the assets, but more importantly, they provide us with the ability to raise funds by pledging the securities as collateral for borrowings or through outright sales. Each of these sources of liquidity is used in the management of daily cash needs and in a crisis scenario, where we would need to accommodate potential large, unexpected demand for funds.

Uses of liquidity primarily result from the following: withdrawals of customer deposits; drawdowns on unfunded commitments to extend credit or to purchase securities, generally provided through lines of credit; and overdraft facilities. Customer deposits are generated largely from our investment servicing activities, and are

 

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invested in a combination of term investment securities and short-term money market assets whose mix is determined by the characteristics of the deposits. Most of the customer deposits are payable upon demand or are short-term in nature, which means that withdrawals can potentially occur quickly and in large amounts. Similarly, customers can request disbursement of funds under commitments to extend credit.

Material risks to sources of short-term liquidity could include, among other things, adverse changes in the perception in the financial markets of our financial condition or liquidity needs, and downgrades by major independent credit rating agencies of our deposits and our debt securities, which would restrict our ability to access the capital markets and could lead to withdrawals of unsecured deposits by our customers.

Effective May 15, 2009, we took action that resulted in the consolidation onto our balance sheet, for financial reporting purposes, of the four third-party special purpose multi-seller asset-backed commercial paper conduits that we sponsored and administered. As a result, the conduit assets became part of the State Street Bank balance sheet, along with the commercial paper liabilities that had funded the assets. For liquidity purposes, we now consider these assets to be part of State Street Bank’s asset structure and consider the liabilities to be State Street Bank wholesale funding.

In managing our liquidity, we have issued term wholesale certificates of deposit, and the conduits have issued asset-backed commercial paper, to third parties and have invested excess funds in short-term money market assets where they would be available to meet cash needs. At September 30, 2009, the certificate-of-deposit portfolio totaled $5.11 billion, compared to $1.93 billion at December 31, 2008. The conduit commercial paper issued to third parties was $9.74 billion at September 30, 2009, and is included in other short-term borrowings in our consolidated balance sheet. Conduit commercial paper issued to third parties was not recorded in our consolidated balance sheet prior to the May 2009 consolidation. In connection with our management of liquidity where we seek to maintain access to sources of back-up liquidity at reasonable costs, we have participated in the Federal Reserve’s term auction facility, or TAF, which is a secured lending program available to financial institutions. At September 30, 2009, our borrowings under this program totaled $4.0 billion. The highest TAF balance borrowed by State Street Bank during the third quarter and first nine months of 2009 was $5.0 billion and $10.0 billion, respectively. The average borrowings for those periods were approximately $3.3 billion and $5.2 billion, respectively.

While maintenance of our high investment-grade credit rating is of primary importance to our liquidity management program, on-balance sheet liquid assets represent significant liquidity that we can directly control, and provide a source of cash from their principal maturities and from the ability to borrow from the capital markets using our securities as collateral. Our liquid assets consist primarily of cash balances at central banks in excess of regulatory minimum requirements and other short-term liquid assets, such as federal funds sold and interest-bearing deposits with banks, the latter of which are multicurrency instruments invested with major multinational banks; and high-quality, marketable investment securities not already pledged, which generally are more liquid than other types of assets and can be sold or borrowed against to generate cash quickly. As of September 30, 2009, the cash value of our liquid assets, as we define them, totaled $69.70 billion, compared to $85.81 billion as of December 31, 2008. This decline reflected a return of customer deposit balances to more normal levels during the first nine months of 2009, as the trend for our customers to maintain high demand deposit balances in light of instability in market conditions, particularly those experienced in the second half of 2008, returned to historical patterns. Due to the unusual size and volatile nature of these incremental customer deposits that we had experienced since mid-2008, we chose to maintain an excess of approximately $22.12 billion at central banks as of September 30, 2009, compared to $48.64 billion at December 31, 2008, over regulatory required minimum balances.

 

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Securities carried at $43.89 billion as of September 30, 2009, compared to $42.74 billion as of December 31, 2008, were designated as pledged for public and trust deposits, borrowed funds and for other purposes as provided by law, and are excluded from the aforementioned liquid assets calculation, unless pledged to the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston. The liquid assets and pledged securities described above excluded securities purchased under the Federal Reserve’s AMLF. Liquid assets included securities pledged to the Federal Reserve Bank of Boston to secure our ability to borrow from their discount window should the need arise. This access to primary credit is an important source of back-up liquidity for State Street Bank. As of September 30, 2009, we had no outstanding primary credit borrowings from the discount window.

Based upon our level of liquid assets and our ability to access the capital markets for additional funding when necessary, including our ability to issue debt and equity securities under our current universal shelf registration, management considers overall liquidity at September 30, 2009 to be sufficient to meet State Street’s current commitments and business needs, including supporting the liquidity of the consolidated commercial paper conduits and accommodating the transaction and cash management needs of our customers.

As referenced above, our ability to maintain consistent access to liquidity is fostered by the maintenance of high investment-grade ratings on our debt, as measured by the major independent credit rating agencies. Factors essential to retaining high credit ratings include diverse and stable core earnings; strong risk management; strong capital ratios; diverse liquidity sources, including the global capital markets and customer deposits; and strong liquidity monitoring procedures. High ratings on debt reduce borrowing costs and enhance our liquidity by increasing the size of the market for our debt. A downgrade or reduction of these credit ratings could have an adverse effect to our ability to access funding at favorable interest rates.

We maintain an effective universal shelf registration that allows for the public offering and sale of debt securities, capital securities, common stock, depositary shares and preferred stock, and warrants to purchase such securities, including any shares into which the preferred stock and depositary shares may be convertible, or any combination thereof. As discussed previously, we have issued in the past, and we may issue in the future, securities pursuant to the shelf registration. The issuance of debt or equity securities will depend on future market conditions, funding needs and other factors.

We currently maintain a corporate commercial paper program, separate from the conduits, under which we can issue up to $3 billion with original maturities of up to 270 days from the date of issue. At September 30, 2009, we had $2.85 billion of commercial paper outstanding, compared to $2.59 billion at December 31, 2008. Commercial paper issuances are recorded in other short-term borrowings in our consolidated statement of condition.

In connection with the FDIC’s Temporary Liquidity Guarantee Program, or TLGP, in which we elected to participate in December 2008, State Street was eligible to issue up to $1.67 billion, and State Street Bank was eligible to issue up to $2.48 billion, of unsecured senior debt through October 31, 2009, backed by the full faith and credit of the United States. During 2009, State Street issued $1.67 billion of unsecured senior debt backed by the TLGP guarantee, composed of $1.5 billion of unsecured fixed-rate senior notes maturing on April 30, 2012 and $169 million of commercial paper issued under the aforementioned corporate commercial paper program. The $169 million of commercial paper matured by September 30, 2009, and no additional commercial paper backed by the TLGP guarantee was issued by State Street during 2009. The TLGP guarantee of the $1.5 billion of unsecured fixed-rate senior notes expires upon its maturity on April 30, 2012. More information with respect to the $1.5 billion issuance, which is recorded in long-term debt in our consolidated statement of condition, is provided in note 7 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q.

 

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State Street Bank currently has Board authority to issue bank notes up to an aggregate of $5 billion, including the aforementioned $2.48 billion of unsecured senior debt under the TLGP, as well as up to $1 billion of subordinated bank notes. During 2009, State Street Bank issued an aggregate of $2.45 billion of fixed- and floating-rate senior notes, composed of $1.0 billion of fixed-rate senior notes maturing on March 15, 2011 and $1.45 billion of floating-rate senior notes maturing on September 15, 2011, both of which are backed by the TLGP guarantee. No additional unsecured senior debt backed by the TLGP guarantee was issued by State Street Bank during 2009. More information with respect to this $2.45 billion issuance, which is recorded in long-term debt in our consolidated statement of condition, is provided in note 7 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q.

State Street Bank currently maintains a line of credit with a financial institution of CAD $800 million, or approximately USD $747 million, as of September 30, 2009, to support its Canadian securities processing operations. The line of credit has no stated termination date and is cancelable by either party with prior notice. As of September 30, 2009, no balance was outstanding on this line of credit.

Risk Management

The global scope of our business activities requires that we balance what we perceive to be the primary risks in our businesses with a comprehensive and well-integrated risk management function. The measurement, monitoring and mitigation of risks are essential to the financial performance and successful management of our businesses. These risks, if not effectively managed, can result in losses to State Street as well as erosion of our capital and damage to our reputation. Our systematic approach also allows for a more precise assessment of risks within a framework for evaluating opportunities for the prudent use of capital.

We have a disciplined approach to risk management that involves all levels of management. The Board of Directors provides extensive review and oversight of our overall risk management programs, including the approval of key risk management policies and the periodic review of State Street’s key risk indicators. These indicators are designed to identify significant risk content within the major business activities of State Street, and to establish quantifiable thresholds for risk measurement. Key risk indicators are reported regularly to the Risk and Capital Committee of the Board and are reviewed periodically for appropriateness. Modifications to the indicators are made to reflect changes in our business activities or refinements to existing measurements. Enterprise Risk Management, or ERM, a dedicated corporate group, provides oversight, support and coordination across business units and is responsible for the formulation and maintenance of enterprise-wide risk management policies and guidelines. In addition, ERM establishes and reviews approved limits and, with business line management, monitors key risks. ERM is the responsibility of the Chief Risk Officer, or CRO, a member of State Street’s Operating Group with direct accountability to the Chairman and Chief Executive Officer. The CRO meets regularly with the Board or a Board committee, as appropriate, and has the authority to escalate issues as necessary.

While we believe that our risk management program is effective in managing the risks in our businesses, external factors may create risks that cannot always be identified or anticipated. For example, a significant counterparty failure or a default of a significant obligor could have a material adverse effect on our consolidated results of operations. Additional information about our process for managing market risk for both our trading and asset and liability management activities, as well as credit risk, operational risk and business risk, can be found in the Financial Condition section of Management’s Discussion and Analysis in our 2008 Form 10-K.

 

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Market Risk

Market risk is defined as the risk of adverse financial impact due to fluctuations in interest rates, foreign exchange rates and other market-driven factors and prices. State Street is exposed to market risk in both its trading and non-trading, or asset and liability management, activities. The market risk management processes related to these activities, discussed in further detail below, apply to both on-balance sheet and off-balance sheet exposures.

We primarily engage in trading and investment activities to serve our customers’ needs and to contribute to overall corporate earnings and liquidity. In the conduct of these activities, we are subject to, and assume, market risk. The level of market risk that we assume is a function of our overall objectives and liquidity needs, customer requirements and market volatility. Interest-rate risk, a component of market risk, is more thoroughly discussed in the “Asset and Liability Management” portion of this “Market Risk” section.

Trading Activities

Market risk associated with foreign exchange and other trading activities is managed through corporate guidelines, including established limits on aggregate and net open positions, sensitivity to changes in interest rates, and concentrations, which are supplemented by stop-loss thresholds. We use a variety of risk management tools and methodologies, including value-at-risk, to measure, monitor and manage market risk. All limits and measurement techniques are reviewed and adjusted as necessary on a regular basis by business managers, the market risk management group and the Trading and Market Risk Committee.

We use a variety of derivative financial instruments to support our customers’ needs, conduct trading activities and manage our interest-rate and currency risk. These activities are designed to generate trading revenue and to hedge potential earnings volatility. In addition, we provide services related to derivatives in our role as both a manager and a servicer of financial assets.

Our customers use derivatives to manage the financial risks associated with their investment goals and business activities, including foreign exchange forward contracts to convert currency for international investments and to manage the currency risk in their international investment portfolios. As an active participant in the foreign exchange markets, we provide foreign exchange forward contracts and options in support of these customer needs. As part of our trading activities, we assume positions in the foreign exchange and interest-rate markets by buying and selling cash instruments and using derivatives, including foreign exchange forward contracts, foreign exchange and interest-rate options and interest-rate swaps. As of September 30, 2009, the aggregate notional amount of these derivatives was $644.20 billion, of which $612.22 billion were foreign exchange forward and spot contracts. In the aggregate, foreign exchange forward positions are closely matched to minimize currency and interest-rate risk. All foreign exchange contracts are valued daily at prevailing market rates. Additional information about trading derivatives is provided in note 12 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q.

As noted above, we use a variety of risk measurement tools and methodologies, including value-at-risk, or VaR, which is an estimate of potential loss for a given period within a stated statistical confidence interval. We use a risk measurement system to estimate VaR daily. We have adopted standards for estimating VaR, and we maintain capital for market risk in accordance with applicable regulatory guidelines. VaR is estimated for a 99% one-tail confidence interval and an assumed one-day holding period using a historical observation period of two years. A 99% one-tail confidence interval implies that daily trading losses should not exceed the estimated VaR more than 1% of the time, or less than three business days out of a year. The methodology uses a simulation

 

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approach based on historically observed changes in foreign exchange rates, interest rates (domestic and foreign) and foreign exchange implied volatilities, and takes into account the resulting diversification benefits provided from the mix of our trading positions.

Like all quantitative risk measures, VaR is subject to limitations and assumptions inherent in our methodology. Our methodology gives equal weight to all market-rate observations regardless of how recently the market rates were observed. The estimate is calculated using static portfolios consisting of trading positions held at the end of each business day. Therefore, implicit in the VaR estimate is the assumption that no intraday actions are taken by management during adverse market movements. As a result, the methodology does not include risk associated with intraday changes in positions or intraday price volatility.

The following table presents value-at-risk with respect to our trading activities, as measured by our VaR methodology for the periods indicated. The VaR amounts presented in the table represent value-at-risk measurements associated with trading positions held during the periods. The total VaR is generally lower than the sum of the component VaR amounts due primarily to diversification benefits across risk types. Amounts presented for 2008 have been restated to conform to current-year methodology.

 

     Nine Months Ended September 30,
VALUE-AT-RISK    2009    2008
(In millions)    Average    Maximum    Minimum    Average    Maximum    Minimum

Foreign exchange rates

   $ 3.2    $ 9.7    $ 0.5    $ 2.0    $ 4.4    $ 0.6

Interest rates

     1.6      2.9      0.6      1.1      2.4      0.6

Total VaR for trading assets

   $ 3.7    $ 9.2    $ 1.1    $ 2.4    $ 5.0    $ 1.1

We back-test the estimated one-day VaR on a daily basis, by comparing it against actual trading revenues. This information is reviewed and used to confirm that all relevant trading positions are properly modeled. For the twelve months ended September 30, 2009, we did not experience any back-testing exceptions.

During the second quarter of 2009, our VaR measurement methodology was extended to measure VaR associated with certain assets classified as trading account assets in our consolidated balance sheet. These assets are not held in connection with typical trading activities, and thus are not reflected in the foregoing VaR table. In the table below, the VaR associated with these investments is reported as “VaR for non-trading assets.” “Total regulatory VaR” is calculated as the sum of the VaR for trading assets and the VaR for non-trading assets, with no diversification benefits recognized. The average, maximum and minimum amounts are calculated for each line item separately.

 

     Nine Months Ended September 30,
Total Regulatory VALUE-AT-RISK    2009    2008
(In millions)    Average    Maximum    Minimum    Average    Maximum    Minimum

VaR for trading assets

   $ 3.7    $ 9.2    $ 1.1    $ 2.4    $ 5.0    $ 1.1

VaR for non-trading assets

     2.1      2.4      1.6      na      na      na

Total regulatory VaR

   $ 4.5    $ 9.2    $ 1.2    $ 2.4    $ 5.0    $ 1.1

 

na - not measured for the period.

 

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)

 

Asset and Liability Management Activities

The primary objective of asset and liability management is to provide sustainable and growing net interest revenue, or NIR, under varying economic environments, while protecting the economic values of our balance sheet assets and liabilities from the adverse effects of changes in interest rates. Most of our NIR is earned from the investment of deposits generated by our core Investment Servicing and Investment Management businesses. We structure our balance sheet assets to generally conform to the characteristics of our balance sheet liabilities, but we manage our overall interest-rate risk position in the context of current and anticipated market conditions and within internally-approved risk guidelines.

Our investment activities and our use of derivative financial instruments are the primary tools used in managing interest-rate risk. We invest in financial instruments with currency, repricing, and maturity characteristics we consider appropriate to manage our overall interest-rate risk position. In addition to on-balance sheet assets, we use certain derivatives, primarily interest-rate swaps, to alter the interest-rate characteristics of specific balance sheet assets or liabilities. The use of derivatives is subject to internally-approved guidelines. Additional information about our use of derivatives is in note 12 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q.

Non-U.S. dollar-denominated customer liabilities are a significant portion of our consolidated balance sheet. These liabilities result in exposure to changes in the shape and level of non-U.S. dollar yield-curves, which we include in our consolidated interest-rate risk management process.

To measure, monitor, and report on our interest-rate risk position, we use (1) NIR simulation, or NIR-at-risk, which measures the impact on NIR over the next twelve months to immediate, or “rate shock,” and gradual, or “rate ramp,” changes in market interest rates; and (2) economic value of equity, or EVE, which measures the impact on the present value of all NIR-related principal and interest cash flows of an immediate change in interest rates. NIR-at-risk is designed to measure the potential impact of changes in market interest rates on NIR in the short term. EVE, on the other hand, is a long-term view of interest-rate risk, but with a view toward liquidation of State Street. Both of these measures are subject to internally-established guidelines, and are monitored regularly, along with other relevant simulations, scenario analyses and stress tests by both Global Treasury and our Asset and Liability Committee.

In calculating our NIR-at-risk, we start with a base amount of NIR that is projected over the next twelve months, assuming that the then-current yield curve remains unchanged over the period. Our existing balance sheet assets and liabilities are adjusted by the amount and timing of transactions that are forecasted to occur over the next twelve months. That yield curve is then “shocked,” or moved immediately, ±100 basis points in a parallel fashion, or at all points along the yield curve. Two new twelve-month NIR projections are then developed using the same balance sheet and forecasted transactions, but with the new yield curves, and compared to the base scenario. We also perform the calculations using interest-rate ramps, which are ±100 basis point changes in interest rates that are assumed to occur gradually over the next twelve-month period, rather than immediately as we do with interest-rate shocks.

EVE is based on the change in the present value of all NIR-related principal and interest cash flows for changes in market rates of interest. The present value of existing cash flows with a then-current yield curve serves as the base case. We then apply an immediate parallel shock to that yield curve of ±200 basis points and recalculate the cash flows and related present values. A large shock is used to better capture the embedded option risk in our mortgage-backed securities that results from the borrower’s prepayment opportunity.

 

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)

 

Key assumptions used in the models described above include the timing of cash flows; the maturity and repricing of balance sheet assets and liabilities, especially option-embedded financial instruments like mortgage-backed securities; changes in market conditions; and interest-rate sensitivities of our customer liabilities with respect to the interest rates paid and the level of balances. These assumptions are inherently uncertain and, as a result, the models cannot precisely predict future NIR or predict the impact of changes in interest rates on NIR and economic value. Actual results could differ from simulated results due to the timing, magnitude and frequency of changes in interest rates and market conditions, changes in spreads and management strategies, among other factors. Projections of potential future streams of NIR are assessed as part of our forecasting process.

The following table presents the estimated exposure of NIR for the next twelve months, calculated as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, due to an immediate ± 100 basis point shift in then-current interest rates. Estimated incremental exposures presented below are dependent on management’s assumptions about asset and liability sensitivities under various interest-rate scenarios, such as those previously discussed, and do not reflect any actions management may undertake in order to mitigate some of the adverse effects of interest-rate changes on State Street’s financial performance.

 

NIR-AT-RISK    Estimated Exposure to
Net Interest Revenue
 

(In millions)

Rate change:

   September 30,
2009
    December 31,
2008
 

+100 bps shock

   $ (42   $ 7   

-100 bps shock

     (347     (439

+100 bps ramp

     (40     (29

-100 bps ramp

     (121     (166

The NIR-at-risk to an immediate 100-basis-point increase in market interest rates became more negative as of September 30, 2009, due to lower projected levels of short-term liquid assets. NIR-at-risk exposure to a 100-basis-point downward shock in rates was significantly less negative as of September 30, 2009. Declining liquid assets levels and higher levels of investment securities were primarily responsible for the decline in this exposure. Short-term market interest rates and customer deposit yields both remained below 1.00% in the third quarter. The resulting inability of customer deposit yields to reprice lower to the full extent of the 100-basis-point downward rate shock continue to limit the potential benefit from falling rates.

Other important factors that impact the levels of NIR are balance sheet size and mix; interest-rate spreads; the slope and interest-rate level of U.S. dollar and non-U.S. dollar yield curves and the relationship between them; the pace of change in market interest rates; and management actions taken in response to the preceding conditions.

 

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)

 

The following table presents estimated EVE exposures, calculated as of September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, assuming an immediate and prolonged shift in interest rates, the impact of which would be spread over a number of years.

 

ECONOMIC VALUE OF EQUITY    Estimated Exposure to
Economic Value of Equity
 

(In millions)

Rate change:

   September 30,
2009
    December 31,
2008
 

+200 bps shock

   $ (1,087   $ (1,873

-200 bps shock

     (704     (740

The third quarter 2009 interest-rate environment, with U.S. interest rates near zero, prevents the 200-basis-point downward shock from fully occurring, as market rates are assumed to fall no lower than zero, and reduces the benefit of lower rates on the fair value of the investment portfolio. Exposure to rising rates was significantly lower at September 30, 2009, due to issuances of long-term debt and shorter asset duration from investment portfolio aging and security sales, partly offset by purchases of fixed-rate investment securities.

Credit Risk

Credit and counterparty risk is defined as the risk of financial loss if a borrower or counterparty is either unable or unwilling to repay borrowings or settle a transaction in accordance with contractual terms. We assume credit and counterparty risk on both our on- and off-balance sheet exposures. The extension of credit and the acceptance of counterparty risk by State Street are governed by corporate guidelines based on the prospective customer’s risk profile, the markets served, counterparty and country concentrations, and regulatory compliance. Our focus on large institutional investors and their businesses requires that we assume concentrated credit risk in a variety of forms. We maintain guidelines and procedures to monitor and manage all material aspects of credit and counterparty risk that we undertake. Counterparties are evaluated on an individual basis at least annually, while material exposures to counterparties are reviewed daily. Processes for credit approval and monitoring are in place for credit extensions. As part of the approval and renewal process, due diligence is conducted based on the size and term of the exposure, as well as the quality of the counterparty. At any point in time, having one or more counterparties to which our exposure exceeds 10% of our total shareholders’ equity, exclusive of unrealized gains or losses, is not unusual.

We provide, on a limited basis, traditional loan products and services to key customers and prospects in a manner that is intended to enhance customer relationships, increase profitability and minimize risk. We employ a relationship model in which credit decisions are based upon credit quality and the overall institutional relationship. This model is typical of financial institutions that provide credit to institutional customers in the markets that we serve.

At September 30, 2009, total gross loans and leases were $11.46 billion compared to $9.13 billion at December 31, 2008, primarily reflecting the impact of consolidation of the commercial paper conduits, which added approximately $2.52 billion of structured asset-backed loans, as well as an increase in the volume of daily overdrafts, which generally result from short-duration advances that provide liquidity to customers in support of their transaction flows. Overdrafts included in total gross loans were $3.57 billion and $4.64 billion at September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively. Average overdrafts were approximately $3.08 billion for the first nine months of 2009, and $7.95 billion for the first nine months of 2008. These balances do not represent a significant increase in credit risk because of their short-term nature, which is generally overnight, as well as the lack of significant concentration and their occurrence in the normal course of the securities settlement process.

 

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)

 

We purchase securities under agreements to resell. Risk is managed through a variety of processes, including establishing the acceptability of counterparties; limiting purchases largely to low-risk U.S. government securities; taking possession or control of transaction assets; monitoring levels of underlying collateral; and limiting the duration of the agreements. Securities are revalued daily to determine if we believe that additional collateral is necessary from the borrower. Most repurchase agreements are short-term, with maturities of less than 90 days.

We provide customers with both on- and off-balance sheet liquidity and credit enhancement facilities in the form of letters of credit, lines of credit and liquidity asset purchase agreements. These exposures are subject to an initial credit analysis, with detailed approval and review processes. These facilities are also actively monitored and reviewed at least annually.

On behalf of our customers, we lend their securities to creditworthy banks, broker/dealers and other institutions. In most circumstances, we indemnify our customers for the fair market value of those securities against a failure of the borrower to return such securities. Though these transactions are collateralized, the substantial volume of these activities necessitates detailed credit-based underwriting and monitoring processes. The aggregate fair value of indemnified securities on loan totaled $357.44 billion at September 30, 2009, and $324.59 billion at December 31, 2008. We require the borrowers to provide collateral in an amount equal to or in excess of 100% of the fair market value of the securities borrowed. Collateral received in connection with our securities lending services is held by us as agent and is not recorded in our consolidated statement of condition. The securities on loan and the collateral are revalued daily to determine if additional collateral is necessary. We held, as agent, cash and securities with an aggregate fair value of approximately $367.44 billion and $333.07 billion as collateral for indemnified securities on loan at September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively.

The collateral held by us is invested on behalf of our customers. In certain cases, the collateral is invested in third-party repurchase agreements, for which we indemnify the customer against loss of the principal invested. We require the counterparty of the repurchase agreement to provide collateral in an amount equal to or in excess of 100% of the amount of the repurchase agreement. In our role as agent, the indemnified repurchase agreements and the related collateral are not recorded in our consolidated statement of condition. Of the collateral of $367.44 billion at September 30, 2009 and $333.07 billion at December 31, 2008 referenced above, $72.77 billion at September 30, 2009 and $68.37 billion at December 31, 2008 were invested in repurchase agreements for which we have indemnified our customers against shortfalls in the value of the underlying collateral. We held, as agent, $77.09 billion and $71.87 billion as collateral for indemnified investments in repurchase agreements at September 30, 2009 and December 31, 2008, respectively.

Processes for credit approval and monitoring are in place for other extensions of credit. As part of the approval and renewal process, due diligence is conducted based on the size and term of the exposure, as well as the quality of the counterparty. Exposures to these entities are aggregated, evaluated and approved by ERM.

Investments in debt and equity securities, including investments in affiliates, are monitored regularly by Corporate Finance and ERM. Procedures for evaluating impaired securities are discussed in notes 1 and 3 to the consolidated financial statements included in our 2008 Form 10-K, and in note 2 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q.

An allowance for loan losses is maintained to absorb estimated probable credit losses inherent in the loan and lease portfolio, and is reviewed regularly by management for adequacy. An internal risk management system

 

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MANAGEMENT’S DISCUSSION AND ANALYSIS OF FINANCIAL CONDITION

AND RESULTS OF OPERATIONS (Continued)

 

is used to assess probabilities of default of our counterparties, and potential risk of loss in the event of counterparty default. State Street’s risk-rating process incorporates the use of risk-rating tools and management judgment. Qualitative and quantitative inputs are captured in a transparent and replicable manner, and following a formal review and approval process, an internal credit rating based on State Street’s credit scale is assigned. The provision for loan losses is a charge to current earnings to maintain the overall allowance for loan losses at a level considered adequate relative to the level of credit risk in the loan and lease portfolio. The allowance for loan losses was $53 million at September 30, 2009 and $18 million at December 31, 2008.

During 2008, we purchased a portfolio of commercial real estate loans in connection with a defaulted indemnified repurchase obligation. We recorded the loans at their then-estimated fair value of $800 million. During the first nine months of 2009, we recorded provisions for loan losses related to this portfolio of $98 million, to reflect management’s assessment of the effect of the deteriorating economic conditions in the commercial real estate markets during the period and the effect on its expectations with respect to future principal and interest cash flows associated with certain of the loans. The allowance for loan losses related to these loans was reduced by net charge-offs totaling approximately $69 million during the first nine months of 2009. At September 30, 2009, approximately $5 million of these loans had been classified by management as non-performing, as the yield associated with these loans, determined when the loans were acquired, was deemed to be non-accretable. This determination was based on management’s expectation of the future collection of principal and interest on the loans.

We also maintain a separate allowance with respect to the aforementioned off-balance sheet facilities. This allowance, which is recorded in accrued expenses and other liabilities in our consolidated statement of condition, totaled $25 million at September 30, 2009 and $20 million at December 31, 2008. Management reviews the adequacy of this allowance on a regular basis.

OFF-BALANCE SHEET ARRANGEMENTS

Information about our off-balance sheet activities is provided in notes 8 and 12 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q.

RECENT ACCOUNTING DEVELOPMENTS

Information with respect to recent accounting developments is provided in note 1 to the consolidated financial statements included in this Form 10-Q.

QUANTITATIVE AND QUALITATIVE DISCLOSURES ABOUT MARKET RISK

The information with respect to quantitative and qualitative disclosures about market risk is set forth in the “Market Risk” section of “Management’s Discussion and Analysis of Financial Condition and Results of Operations,” included in this Form 10-Q.

CONTROLS AND PROCEDURES

State Street has established and maintains disclosure controls and procedures that are designed to ensure that material information relating to State Street and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis required to be disclosed in its reports filed or submitted under the Securities Exchange Act of 1934 is recorded, processed, summarized,

 

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and reported within the time periods specified in the SEC’s rules and forms, and that such information is accumulated and communicated to State Street management, including its Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, as appropriate, to allow timely decisions regarding required disclosure. For the quarter ended September 30, 2009, State Street’s management carried out an evaluation, with the participation of the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer, of the effectiveness of the design and operation of State Street’s disclosure controls and procedures. Based on the evaluation of these disclosure controls and procedures, the Chief Executive Officer and Chief Financial Officer concluded that State Street’s disclosure controls and procedures were effective as of September 30, 2009.

State Street has also established and maintains internal control over financial reporting as a process designed to provide reasonable assurance regarding the reliability of financial reporting and the preparation of consolidated financial statements for external purposes in accordance with GAAP. In the ordinary course of business, State Street routinely enhances its internal control over financial reporting by either upgrading its current systems or implementing new systems. Changes have been made and will be made to State Street’s internal control over financial reporting as a result of these efforts. During the quarter ended September 30, 2009, no change occurred in State Street’s internal control over financial reporting that has materially affected, or is reasonably likely to materially affect, State Street’s internal control over financial reporting.

 

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STATE STREET CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF INCOME

(UNAUDITED)

 

     Three Months
Ended September 30,
    Nine Months
Ended September 30,
 
     2009     2008     2009     2008  
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)                         

Fee revenue:

        

Servicing fees

   $ 833      $ 966      $ 2,394      $ 2,903   

Management fees

     219        261        593        819   

Trading services

     269        363        824        1,049   

Securities finance

     105        246        487        901   

Processing fees and other

     45        63        111        194   
                                

Total fee revenue

     1,471        1,899        4,409        5,866   

Net interest revenue:

        

Interest revenue

     898        1,027        2,409        3,452   

Interest expense

     175        502        542        1,645   
                                

Net interest revenue

     723        525        1,867        1,807   

Gains (Losses) related to investment securities, net:

        

Net gains from sales of available-for-sale securities

     141        26        260        41   

Net losses from other-than-temporary impairment(1)

     (99     (29     (176     (44
                                

Gains (Losses) related to investment securities, net

     42        (3     84        (3

Gains on sale of CitiStreet interest, net of exit and other associated costs

            350               350   
                                

Total revenue

     2,236        2,771        6,360        8,020   

Provision for loan losses

     16               114          

Expenses:

        

Salaries and employee benefits

     819        1,022        2,246        3,144   

Information systems and communications

     165        151        493        470   

Transaction processing services

     148        165        425        499   

Occupancy

     118        116        360        341   

Provision for legal exposure

     250               250          

Merger and integration costs

     11        30        40        88   

Professional services

     76        85        184        273   

Amortization of other intangible assets

     36        34        104        100   

Other

     110        322        299        625   
                                

Total expenses

     1,733        1,925        4,401        5,540   
                                

Income before income tax expense and extraordinary loss

     487        846        1,845        2,480   

Income tax expense

     160        369        540        925   
                                

Income before extraordinary loss

     327        477        1,305        1,555   

Extraordinary loss, net of taxes

                   (3,684       
                                

Net income (loss)

   $ 327      $ 477      $ (2,379   $ 1,555   
                                

Net income before extraordinary loss available to common shareholders

   $ 327      $ 477      $ 1,142      $ 1,555   
                                

Net income (loss) available to common shareholders

   $ 327      $ 477      $ (2,542   $ 1,555   
                                

Earnings per common share before extraordinary loss:

        

Basic

   $ .66      $ 1.10      $ 2.48      $ 3.81   

Diluted

     .66        1.09        2.45        3.78   

Earnings (loss) per common share:

        

Basic

   $ .66      $ 1.10      $ (5.47   $ 3.81   

Diluted

     .66        1.09        (5.45     3.78   

Average common shares outstanding (in thousands):

        

Basic

     493,453        430,872        462,900        407,186   

Diluted

     498,290        435,030        466,234        411,204   

Cash dividends declared per share

   $ .01      $ .24      $ .03      $ .71   

 

(1)

Gross losses for 2009 periods were $828 million and $1,008 million, respectively, of which $729 million and $832 million were related to factors other than credit and were recognized in other comprehensive income (loss).

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

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STATE STREET CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CONDITION

 

     September 30,
2009
    December 31,
2008
 
(Dollars in millions, except per share amounts)    (Unaudited)        

Assets

    

Cash and due from banks

   $ 5,027      $ 3,181   

Interest-bearing deposits with banks

     27,479        55,733   

Securities purchased under resale agreements

     1,579        1,635   

Trading account assets

     150        815   

Investment securities available for sale

     71,675        54,163   

Investment securities held to maturity purchased under money market liquidity facility (fair value of $0 and $6,100)

            6,087   

Investment securities held to maturity (fair value of $21,038 and $14,311)

     21,267        15,767   

Loans and leases (less allowance for losses of $53 and $18)

     11,406        9,113   

Premises and equipment (net of accumulated depreciation of $2,975 and $2,758)

     1,947        2,011   

Accrued income receivable

     1,618        1,738   

Goodwill

     4,554        4,527   

Other intangible assets

     1,845        1,851   

Other assets

     14,730        17,010   
                

Total assets

   $ 163,277      $ 173,631   
                

Liabilities

    

Deposits:

    

Noninterest-bearing

   $ 13,572      $ 32,785   

Interest-bearing—U.S.

     5,327        4,558   

Interest-bearing—Non-U.S.  

     72,869        74,882   
                

Total deposits

     91,768        112,225   

Securities sold under repurchase agreements

     11,890        11,154   

Federal funds purchased

     4,949        1,082   

Short-term borrowings under money market liquidity facility

            6,042   

Other short-term borrowings

     20,724        11,555   

Accrued expenses and other liabilities

     11,661        14,380   

Long-term debt

     8,845        4,419   
                

Total liabilities

     149,837        160,857   

Commitments and contingencies (note 8)

    

Shareholders’ equity

    

Preferred stock, no par: 3,500,000 shares authorized; 20,000 shares issued and outstanding in 2008

            1,883   

Common stock, $1 par: 750,000,000 shares authorized; 494,652,372 and 431,976,032 shares issued

     495        432   

Surplus

     9,159        6,992   

Retained earnings

     6,579        9,135   

Accumulated other comprehensive loss

     (2,776     (5,650

Treasury stock, at cost (429,499 and 418,354 shares)

     (17     (18
                

Total shareholders’ equity

     13,440        12,774   
                

Total liabilities and shareholders’ equity

   $ 163,277      $ 173,631   
                

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

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STATE STREET CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CHANGES IN SHAREHOLDERS’ EQUITY

(UNAUDITED)

 

(Dollars in millions,
except per share amounts,

shares in thousands)

  Preferred
Stock
    Common Stock   Surplus     Retained
Earnings
    Accumulated
Other
Comprehensive
(Loss) Income
    Treasury Stock     Total  
    Shares   Amount         Shares     Amount    

Balance at December 31, 2007

    398,366   $ 398   $ 4,630      $ 7,745      $ (575   12,082      $ (899   $ 11,299   

Comprehensive income:

                 

Net income

            1,555              1,555   

Change in net unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities, net of related taxes of $(1,580) and reclassification adjustment

              (2,516         (2,516

Change in net unrealized loss on fair value hedges of available-for-sale securities, net of related taxes of $36

              55            55   

Foreign currency translation, net of related taxes of $(53)

              (108         (108

Change in net unrealized loss on cash flow hedges, net of related taxes of $(1)

              (3         (3

Change in net unrealized loss on hedges of net investments in non-U.S. subsidiaries, net of related taxes

              1            1   
                                                               

Total comprehensive income (loss)

            1,555        (2,571         (1,016

Cash dividends declared ($.71 per share)

            (298           (298

Common stock acquired

              552                 

Common stock issued

    33,156     34     2,181          (7,391     538        2,753   

Contract payments to State Street Capital Trust III

          (36             (36

Common stock awards and options exercised, including tax benefit of $52

    429       18          (4,838     344        362   
                                                               

Balance at September 30, 2008

    431,951   $ 432   $ 6,793      $ 9,002      $ (3,146   405      $ (17   $ 13,064   
                                                               

Balance at December 31, 2008

  $ 1,883      431,976   $ 432   $ 6,992      $ 9,135      $ (5,650   418      $ (18   $ 12,774   

Comprehensive income:

                 

Net loss

            (2,379           (2,379

Change in net unrealized loss on available-for-sale securities, net of reclassification adjustment and losses from other-than-temporary impairment related to factors other than credit, net of related taxes of $1,792

              2,866            2,866   

Change in net unrealized loss on fair value hedges of available-for-sale securities, net of related taxes of $58

              97            97   

Losses from other-than-temporary impairment on held-to-maturity securities related to factors other than credit, net of related taxes of $(219)

              (362         (362

Foreign currency translation, net of related taxes of $(107)

              237            237   

Change in net unrealized loss on cash flow hedges, net of related taxes of $5

              7            7   

Change in minimum pension liability, net of related taxes of $18

              29            29   
                                                               

Total comprehensive income (loss)

            (2,379     2,874            495   

Cash dividends:

                 

Common stock—$.03 per share

            (14           (14

Preferred stock

            (46           (46

Prepayment of preferred stock discount

    106              (106             

Accretion of preferred stock discount

    11              (11             

Common stock issued

    58,974     59     2,172                2,231   

Repurchase of TARP preferred investment

    (2,000                   (2,000

Repurchase of TARP common stock warrant

          (60             (60

Common stock awards and options exercised, including related taxes of $(52)

    3,702     4     55                59   

Other

              11        1        1   
                                                               

Balance at September 30, 2009

  $      494,652   $ 495   $ 9,159      $ 6,579      $ (2,776   429      $ (17   $ 13,440   
                                                               

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

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STATE STREET CORPORATION

CONSOLIDATED STATEMENT OF CASH FLOWS

(UNAUDITED)

 

     Nine Months Ended
September 30,
 
     2009     2008  
(In millions)             

Operating Activities:

    

Net income (loss)

   $ (2,379   $ 1,555   

Adjustments to reconcile net income to net cash used in operating activities:

    

Non-cash adjustments for depreciation, amortization, accretion and deferred income tax expense

     (2,631     463   

Extraordinary loss

     6,096          

(Gains) losses related to investment securities, net

     (84     3   

Change in trading account assets, net

     364        (6,206

Other, net

     (6,024     738   
                

Net cash used in operating activities

     (4,658     (3,447

Investing Activities:

    

Net (increase) decrease in interest-bearing deposits with banks

     28,375        (12,851

Net decrease in federal funds sold and securities purchased under resale agreements

     56        12,575   

Proceeds from sales of available-for-sale securities

     6,412        5,152   

Proceeds from maturities of available-for-sale securities

     31,199        20,125   

Purchases of available-for-sale securities

     (44,178     (27,773

Net (increase) decrease in held-to-maturity securities related to AMLF

     6,111        (76,707

Proceeds from maturities of held-to-maturity securities

     2,739        1,178   

Purchases of held-to-maturity securities

     (377     (890

Net (increase) decrease in loans and leases

     106        (1,785

Business acquisitions, net of cash acquired

            38   

Purchases of equity investments and other long-term assets

     (210     (175

Proceeds from sale of equity investment

            464   

Purchases of premises and equipment

     (171     (398

Other, net

     367        254   
                

Net cash (used in) provided by investing activities

     30,429        (80,793

Financing Activities:

    

Net increase in time deposits

     1,923        52,032   

Net increase (decrease) in all other deposits

     (22,380     3,043   

Net increase (decrease) in short-term borrowings related to AMLF

     (6,042     76,719   

Net increase (decrease) in short-term borrowings

     (1,874     2,919   

Proceeds from issuance of long-term debt, net of issuance costs

     4,435        493   

Payments for long-term debt and obligations under capital leases

     (27     (39

Proceeds from public offering of common stock, net of issuance costs

     2,231        2,251   

Repurchase of TARP preferred stock investment

     (2,000       

Repurchase of TARP common stock warrant

     (60       

Proceeds from issuance of common stock for stock awards and options exercised

     33        11   

Proceeds from issuances of treasury stock

            623   

Payments for cash dividends

     (164     (282
                

Net cash (used in) provided by financing activities

     (23,925     137,770   
                

Net increase

     1,846        53,530   

Cash and due from banks at beginning of year

     3,181        4,733   
                

Cash and due from banks at end of year

   $ 5,027      $ 58,263   
                

Supplemental Disclosure:

    

Non-cash investments in capital leases and other premises and equipment

   $ 126      $ 32   

The accompanying notes are an integral part of these consolidated financial statements.

 

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STATE STREET CORPORATION

CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS

(UNAUDITED)

Note 1.    Summary of Significant Accounting Policies

The accounting and financial reporting policies of State Street Corporation conform to accounting principles generally accepted in the United States of America, referred to as GAAP. The parent company is a financial holding company headquartered in Boston, Massachusetts. Unless otherwise indicated or unless the context requires otherwise, all references in these condensed notes to consolidated financial statements to “State Street,” “we,” “us,” “our” or similar references mean State Street Corporation and its subsidiaries on a consolidated basis. Our principal banking subsidiary, State Street Bank and Trust Company, is referred to as State Street Bank. We report two lines of business:

 

   

Investment Servicing provides services for U.S. mutual funds, collective investment funds and other investment pools, corporate and public retirement plans, insurance companies, foundations and endowments worldwide. Products include custody, product-and participant-level accounting; daily pricing and administration; master trust and master custody; recordkeeping; foreign exchange, brokerage and other trading services; securities finance; deposit and short-term investment facilities; loans and lease financing; investment manager and hedge fund manager operations outsourcing; and performance, risk and compliance analytics to support institutional investors.

 

   

Investment Management offers a broad array of services for managing financial assets, including investment management and investment research services, primarily for institutional investors worldwide. These services include passive and active U.S. and non-U.S. equity and fixed-income strategies, and other related services, such as securities finance.

The consolidated financial statements accompanying these condensed notes are unaudited. In the opinion of management, all adjustments, consisting only of normal recurring adjustments, which are necessary for a fair statement of the consolidated results of operations in these financial statements, have been made. Events occurring subsequent to the date of our consolidated statement of condition were evaluated for potential recognition or disclosure in our consolidated financial statements through November 6, 2009, the date we filed this Form 10-Q with the SEC.

The preparation of consolidated financial statements requires management to make estimates and assumptions that affect the amounts reported in the accompanying consolidated financial statements and these condensed notes. Actual results could differ from those estimates. Consolidated results of operations for the three and nine months ended September 30, 2009, are not necessarily indicative of the results that may be expected for the year ending December 31, 2009. Certain previously reported amounts have been reclassified to conform to current period classifications as presented in this Form 10-Q.

The consolidated statement of condition at December 31, 2008, has been derived from the audited financial statements at that date, but does not include all footnotes required by GAAP for a complete set of financial statements. The accompanying consolidated financial statements and these condensed notes should be read in conjunction with the financial and risk factors information included in our 2008 Form 10-K, our first and second quarter 2009 Forms 10-Q and our Current Report on Form 8-K filed on May 18, 2009, all of which we previously filed with the SEC.

In June 2009, the FASB issued SFAS No. 168, The FASB Accounting Standards Codification™ and the Hierarchy of Generally Accepted Accounting Principles—a replacement of FASB Statement No. 162. The new

 

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STATE STREET CORPORATION

CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(UNAUDITED)

Note 1.    Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

 

standard represents the FASB’s approval of its accounting standards codification as the single source of authoritative United States accounting and reporting standards applicable for all non-governmental entities, with the exception of the SEC and its staff. The codification, which changes the organization and referencing of financial accounting and reporting standards, was effective, for State Street, as of June 30, 2009, and certain references in this Form 10-Q to GAAP use the codification’s numbering system prescribed by the FASB. Since the codification did not change existing GAAP, it has no effect on our consolidated financial statements.

New Accounting Pronouncements

In May 2009, the FASB issued a new accounting standard related to subsequent events. This new standard established general accounting and disclosure guidance with respect to events that occur after the balance sheet date but before financial statements are issued or otherwise available. In particular, the standard sets forth guidance with respect to (1) the period after the balance sheet date during which management of a reporting entity should evaluate events or transactions that may occur for potential recognition or disclosure in its financial statements; (2) the circumstances under which an entity should recognize events or transactions occurring after the balance sheet date in its financial statements; and (3) the disclosures that an entity should provide about events or transactions that occur after the balance sheet date. We adopted the new standard as of June 30, 2009, and adoption had no effect on our consolidated financial statements.

In April 2009, the FASB issued a new accounting standard related to the recognition and presentation of other-than-temporary impairment. This new standard replaced the “intent and ability” criterion in existing GAAP by specifying that (a) if an entity does not have the intent to sell a debt security prior to recovery in value and (b) it is more likely than not that it will not be required to sell the debt security prior to such recovery, the debt security should not be considered other-than-temporarily impaired unless a loss related to credit exists. If a loss related to credit exists, the credit loss component of the other-than-temporary impairment, or OTTI, of the debt security is recognized in results of operations and the remaining component is recognized in other comprehensive income, or OCI, in the balance sheet. Previous guidance required OTTI losses not related to credit to be recognized in results of operations. If an entity intends to sell the debt security, or if it is more likely than not that it will be required to sell the debt security before its recovery in value, the OTTI loss is recognized in results of operations equal to the entire difference between the debt security’s amortized cost basis and its fair value. For debt securities held to maturity, the amount of other-than-temporary impairment recognized in OCI is accreted prospectively over the remaining term of the debt security based on the timing of its estimated future cash flows.

The new standard requires an entity to initially apply its provisions to previously recognized OTTI of debt securities (securities that the entity does not intend to sell and will not more likely than not required to sell before recovery in value) held as of the date of adoption, by recording a cumulative-effect adjustment to the opening balance of retained earnings in the period of adoption. The cumulative-effect adjustment reclassifies the non-credit component of the previous OTTI to accumulated OCI from retained earnings. We adopted the provisions of the new standard on April 1, 2009. The cumulative effect of the non-credit component of previously recognized OTTI with respect to the subject debt securities held as of the date of adoption was not material.

 

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STATE STREET CORPORATION

CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(UNAUDITED)

Note 1.    Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

 

The new standard also amended the disclosure provisions of existing accounting standards which govern accounting and reporting with respect to debt and equity securities, by requiring disclosures for interim and annual periods for significant security types identified on the basis of how the entity manages, monitors and measures its securities and the nature and risks of the security. The required disclosures are provided in note 2.

In April 2009, the FASB issued a new accounting standard to provide additional guidance with respect to fair value measurement. The new standard, while emphasizing that the objective of fair value measurement described in existing GAAP remains unchanged, provides additional guidance for determining whether market activity for a financial asset or liability has significantly decreased, as well as for identifying circumstances that indicate that transactions are not orderly. The standard reiterates that if a market is determined to be inactive and the related market price is deemed to be reflective of a “distressed sale” price, then management judgment may be required to estimate fair value. The standard identifies factors to be considered when determining whether or not a market is inactive. We adopted the new standard’s provisions on April 1, 2009. Our fair value methodologies already incorporated the concepts of the standard and, accordingly, adoption did not materially change our valuation methodology or underlying process.

In April 2009, the FASB issued a new accounting standard with respect to disclosures about the fair values of financial instruments. The new standard amended existing GAAP to require disclosures about fair values of financial instruments in all interim financial statements. We adopted the provisions of the new standard as of June 30, 2009, and have provided the required disclosures in note 11.

In April 2009, the FASB issued a new accounting standard with respect to accounting for business combinations. This new standard amends and clarifies the provisions of existing GAAP with respect to the initial recognition and measurement, subsequent measurement and accounting, and disclosure of assets and liabilities arising from contingencies associated with a business combination. The provisions of the new standard are effective, for State Street, for business combinations occurring after January 1, 2009. The effect of these provisions on our consolidated financial statements will depend on the nature, terms and size of future business combinations.

In June 2008, the FASB issued a new accounting standard with respect to earnings per share. In accordance with the new standard, unvested equity-based awards that contain non-forfeitable rights to dividends are considered to participate with common shareholders in undistributed earnings. As a result, the awards are required to be included in the calculation of basic earnings per common share pursuant to the “two-class” method. For State Street, participating securities are composed of unvested restricted stock and deferred director stock awards. These participating securities, prior to the new standard, were excluded from weighted-average common shares outstanding in the calculation of basic earnings per common share. We applied the provisions of the new standard on January 1, 2009, and have calculated and presented basic earnings per common share on this basis for all periods presented. The effect of the inclusion of participating securities in the calculation of basic earnings per common share for prior periods was not material.

Recent Accounting Developments

In August 2009, the FASB issued a new accounting standard related to fair value measurement and disclosures. The new standard provides guidance for existing GAAP with respect to measuring the fair value of

 

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STATE STREET CORPORATION

CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(UNAUDITED)

Note 1.    Summary of Significant Accounting Policies (Continued)

 

liabilities. The new standard clarifies that, when traded as an asset in an active market, the quoted price for the identical liabilities is also a level 1 measurement for that liability when no adjustment to the quoted price is required. The new standard is effective, for State Street, on October 1, 2009. Adoption of the standard will not have a material effect on our consolidated financial condition or results of operations, since our liabilities carried at fair value on a recurring basis consist only of derivative financial instruments for which our measurement of fair value is consistent with the new standard. We are evaluating the effect of the new standard on the methodologies used, and the extent of disclosures, with respect to our estimates of fair value for financial instruments not carried at fair value on a recurring basis, which estimates are disclosed pursuant to current accounting standards.

In June 2009, the FASB issued a new accounting standard related to accounting for transfers of financial assets. The new standard, which amends existing GAAP, eliminates both the exception for qualifying special purpose entities, or SPEs, from consolidation guidance and the exception that permits sale accounting for certain mortgage securitizations when control has not been completely surrendered by the transferor. The new standard is effective, for State Street, on January 1, 2010, and earlier application is not permitted. The standard is not expected to have a material effect on our consolidated financial condition or results of operations.

In June 2009, the FASB issued a new accounting standard related to accounting for variable interest entities. This new standard amended existing GAAP, eliminated the exception for qualifying SPEs, and modified the characteristics that identify a variable interest entity, or VIE. The new standard also provided new criteria for determining the primary beneficiary and increased the frequency of required assessments to determine whether an entity is the primary beneficiary of the VIE. The new standard is effective, for State Street, on January 1, 2010, and earlier application is prohibited.

State Street will adopt the new standard effective January 1, 2010. Significant State Street and industry efforts are still underway to interpret the new standard and its impact. Management estimates, based on current interpretations of the new standard, that State Street may be required to consolidate additional entities upon adoption, including certain of State Street’s managed collective investment funds as well as certain asset-backed securitization trusts where we have significant investments and corresponding unilateral servicer removal rights. Currently, management expects that adoption ultimately will not have a material effect on our consolidated financial condition or results of operations.

 

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STATE STREET CORPORATION

CONDENSED NOTES TO CONSOLIDATED FINANCIAL STATEMENTS (Continued)

(UNAUDITED)

 

Note 2.    Investment Securities

 

     September 30, 2009    December 31, 2008
     Amortized
Cost
   Gross
Unrealized
   Fair
Value
   Amortized
Cost
   Gross
Unrealized
   Fair
Value
(In millions)       Gains    Losses          Gains    Losses   

Available for sale:

                       

U.S. Treasury and federal agencies: